Yi-Ming Guo, Guan-Chen Liu, Jun-Han Wei, Jia-Qi Wang, Jie-Jing Bi, Juan Huang, Dang-Xia Zhou, Lu Ye
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Data on potential risk factors such as age, gender, and educational level were obtained through structured questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 156 416 participants, with 81 389 boys (52.0%) and 75 027 girls (48.0%). The prevalence rates of myopia were 65.67% for boys and 68.83% for girls. Data collection occurred over two consecutive years, 2021 and 2022, with 78 849 and 77 567 participants, respectively. The prevalence of myopia was 67.65% in 2021 and decreased slightly to 66.71% in 2022. The high myopia rates were 3.85% and 3.43% for these years, respectively. Analysis revealed significant risk factors including gender, age, and educational level, with a distinct positive correlation between increased educational level and higher myopia prevalence. Notably, both genders exhibited a significant decrease in moderate myopia over the study period, with reductions of 1.7% and 1.2%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This comprehensive study underscores the substantial prevalence of myopia among school-aged children and adolescents in Xi'an, marking it as a significant public health concern. The correlation with higher educational levels suggests the need for targeted interventions aimed at myopia prevention and management. These findings contribute critically to the body of knowledge necessary for formulating effective public health strategies in Xi'an and potentially other similar regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14312,"journal":{"name":"International journal of ophthalmology","volume":"18 10","pages":"1964-1970"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454018/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Prevalence and risk factors of myopia among school-aged children and adolescents in Xi'an, China.\",\"authors\":\"Yi-Ming Guo, Guan-Chen Liu, Jun-Han Wei, Jia-Qi Wang, Jie-Jing Bi, Juan Huang, Dang-Xia Zhou, Lu Ye\",\"doi\":\"10.18240/ijo.2025.10.21\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the prevalence of myopia and identify its associated risk factors among children and adolescents in Xi'an, China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a school-based cross-sectional design, students ranging from kindergarten to high school across Xi'an were enrolled. Ophthalmic examinations were performed to assess refractive status <i>via</i> non-cycloplegic refraction. Myopia was defined as SE≤-0.5 D, with stratification into mild (SE: ≤-0.5 to >-3.0 D), moderate (SE: ≤-3.0 to >-6.0 D), and high myopia (SE≤-6.0 D). Data on potential risk factors such as age, gender, and educational level were obtained through structured questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 156 416 participants, with 81 389 boys (52.0%) and 75 027 girls (48.0%). The prevalence rates of myopia were 65.67% for boys and 68.83% for girls. Data collection occurred over two consecutive years, 2021 and 2022, with 78 849 and 77 567 participants, respectively. The prevalence of myopia was 67.65% in 2021 and decreased slightly to 66.71% in 2022. The high myopia rates were 3.85% and 3.43% for these years, respectively. Analysis revealed significant risk factors including gender, age, and educational level, with a distinct positive correlation between increased educational level and higher myopia prevalence. Notably, both genders exhibited a significant decrease in moderate myopia over the study period, with reductions of 1.7% and 1.2%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This comprehensive study underscores the substantial prevalence of myopia among school-aged children and adolescents in Xi'an, marking it as a significant public health concern. The correlation with higher educational levels suggests the need for targeted interventions aimed at myopia prevention and management. 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Prevalence and risk factors of myopia among school-aged children and adolescents in Xi'an, China.
Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of myopia and identify its associated risk factors among children and adolescents in Xi'an, China.
Methods: In a school-based cross-sectional design, students ranging from kindergarten to high school across Xi'an were enrolled. Ophthalmic examinations were performed to assess refractive status via non-cycloplegic refraction. Myopia was defined as SE≤-0.5 D, with stratification into mild (SE: ≤-0.5 to >-3.0 D), moderate (SE: ≤-3.0 to >-6.0 D), and high myopia (SE≤-6.0 D). Data on potential risk factors such as age, gender, and educational level were obtained through structured questionnaires.
Results: The study included 156 416 participants, with 81 389 boys (52.0%) and 75 027 girls (48.0%). The prevalence rates of myopia were 65.67% for boys and 68.83% for girls. Data collection occurred over two consecutive years, 2021 and 2022, with 78 849 and 77 567 participants, respectively. The prevalence of myopia was 67.65% in 2021 and decreased slightly to 66.71% in 2022. The high myopia rates were 3.85% and 3.43% for these years, respectively. Analysis revealed significant risk factors including gender, age, and educational level, with a distinct positive correlation between increased educational level and higher myopia prevalence. Notably, both genders exhibited a significant decrease in moderate myopia over the study period, with reductions of 1.7% and 1.2%.
Conclusion: This comprehensive study underscores the substantial prevalence of myopia among school-aged children and adolescents in Xi'an, marking it as a significant public health concern. The correlation with higher educational levels suggests the need for targeted interventions aimed at myopia prevention and management. These findings contribute critically to the body of knowledge necessary for formulating effective public health strategies in Xi'an and potentially other similar regions.
期刊介绍:
· International Journal of Ophthalmology-IJO (English edition) is a global ophthalmological scientific publication
and a peer-reviewed open access periodical (ISSN 2222-3959 print, ISSN 2227-4898 online).
This journal is sponsored by Chinese Medical Association Xi’an Branch and obtains guidance and support from
WHO and ICO (International Council of Ophthalmology). It has been indexed in SCIE, PubMed,
PubMed-Central, Chemical Abstracts, Scopus, EMBASE , and DOAJ. IJO JCR IF in 2017 is 1.166.
IJO was established in 2008, with editorial office in Xi’an, China. It is a monthly publication. General Scientific
Advisors include Prof. Hugh Taylor (President of ICO); Prof.Bruce Spivey (Immediate Past President of ICO);
Prof.Mark Tso (Ex-Vice President of ICO) and Prof.Daiming Fan (Academician and Vice President,
Chinese Academy of Engineering.
International Scientific Advisors include Prof. Serge Resnikoff (WHO Senior Speciatist for Prevention of
blindness), Prof. Chi-Chao Chan (National Eye Institute, USA) and Prof. Richard L Abbott (Ex-President of
AAO/PAAO) et al.
Honorary Editors-in-Chief: Prof. Li-Xin Xie(Academician of Chinese Academy of
Engineering/Honorary President of Chinese Ophthalmological Society); Prof. Dennis Lam (President of APAO) and
Prof. Xiao-Xin Li (Ex-President of Chinese Ophthalmological Society).
Chief Editor: Prof. Xiu-Wen Hu (President of IJO Press).
Editors-in-Chief: Prof. Yan-Nian Hui (Ex-Director, Eye Institute of Chinese PLA) and
Prof. George Chiou (Founding chief editor of Journal of Ocular Pharmacology & Therapeutics).
Associate Editors-in-Chief include:
Prof. Ning-Li Wang (President Elect of APAO);
Prof. Ke Yao (President of Chinese Ophthalmological Society) ;
Prof.William Smiddy (Bascom Palmer Eye instituteUSA) ;
Prof.Joel Schuman (President of Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology,USA);
Prof.Yizhi Liu (Vice President of Chinese Ophtlalmology Society);
Prof.Yu-Sheng Wang (Director of Eye Institute of Chinese PLA);
Prof.Ling-Yun Cheng (Director of Ocular Pharmacology, Shiley Eye Center, USA).
IJO accepts contributions in English from all over the world. It includes mainly original articles and review articles,
both basic and clinical papers.
Instruction is Welcome Contribution is Welcome Citation is Welcome
Cooperation organization
International Council of Ophthalmology(ICO), PubMed, PMC, American Academy of Ophthalmology, Asia-Pacific, Thomson Reuters, The Charlesworth Group, Crossref,Scopus,Publons, DOAJ etc.