International Journal of Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Evidence of ethnic variations in the relationships between routinely recorded clinical factors and T2D: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Binur Orazumbekova, Tooba Hamdani, Sam Hodgson, Miriam Samuel, Daniel Stow, Marie Spreckley, Sarah Finer, Moneeza K Siddiqui, Rohini Mathur","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01848-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01848-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence on ethnic differences in factors associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is mixed. We aimed to systematically review evidence on ethnic variations in the relationships between routinely recorded demographic and clinical factors and T2D.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched Medline Complete and Embase for observational studies published between 1990 and 2023 investigating ethnic differences in factors routinely recorded in clinical encounters associated with T2D. We used random and fixed-effects meta-analysis to quantitatively summarise effect sizes across studies where possible. Risk of bias and study quality were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Joanna Briggs Institute tool. PROSPERO registration: CRD42023394148.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Searches identified 10,694 studies, of which, 54 (n = 10 332,949 individuals) were eligible for inclusion, including 12 suitable for meta-analysis. Included studies reported ethnic differences in age at T2D diagnosis, anthropometric measures, and factors associated with women's health. Compared to individuals of White ethnicity, people of diverse ethnic backgrounds had 2-4-fold higher incidence and prevalence of T2D and younger age of onset. Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was a better discriminator of T2D across all ethnic groups compared to body mass index (BMI). While the association between overweight/obese BMI and T2D was strongest for people of White ethnicity (OR 4.85 CI 3.53-6.68) followed by Black (OR 3.27 CI 2.48-4.30) and East Asian ethnicities (OR 3.06 CI 2.29-4.16), the association between WHR and T2D was strongest for people of Black (OR 2.74, CI 2.22-3.39) than for White ethnicities (OR 2.51, CI 2.30-2.74). Included studies highlighted the emerging importance of women-health-associated factors such as index of parity, birth weight and breastfeeding, especially among women of diverse ethnicities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ratio measures of central adiposity may better identify T2D in ethnically diverse populations than measures of overall adiposity. Sex-specific factors must be considered when assessing T2D risk.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>Wellcome Trust Grant 218584/Z/19/Z.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycemic variability and entero-pancreatic hormones signatures after different bariatric surgery procedures: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Carolina B Lobato, Sofia S Pereira, Marta Guimarães, Bruno Soares, Bolette Hartmann, Mário Nora, Jens J Holst, Mariana P Monteiro","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01865-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01865-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Bariatric surgery changes food handling and entero-pancreatic endocrine dynamics. We aimed at understanding the influence of anatomical reorganization of the gastrointestinal tract induced by metabolic and bariatric surgery (BS) on glycemic variability and the extent to which glycemic variability reflects the underlying entero-pancreatic hormone dynamics.</p><p><strong>Subjects: </strong>We performed a cross-sectional study on glycemic variability after four different BS procedures in comparison with non-operated matched controls (n = 8). The surgical groups were the classic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (C-RYGB, n = 8), a modified long biliopancreatic limb RYGB (M-RYGB, n = 7), a single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S, n = 8) and a biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD-DS, n = 7).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants completed 14 days of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM). The surgical groups also underwent a mixed-meal test with hormone profiling. Our primary outcome was the mean absolute glucose change (MAG change) in the operated vs non-operated individuals. Additionally, we developed, validated and herein release an automated tool, Gluc4all, for personalized and automated continuous glucose monitoring data analysis, particularly relevant when evaluating the glycemic profile of individuals without diabetes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All surgical interventions were associated with an increase in the magnitude of postprandial glucose excursions, in anatomy-specific patterns (MAG change was 2.0-fold higher after C-RYGB and M-RYGB and 1.6-fold higher after SADI-S and BPD-DS than in non-operated controls). These isCGM findings matched the postprandial glucose, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and insulin profiles documented in the meal test.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, we show that BS interventions are associated with higher glycemic variability. Moreover, depending on the type of gastrointestinal anatomical reconstruction, BS yields procedure specific glycemic variability patterns. This might be due to faster glucose absorption, impaired amino acid absorption, and/or altered entero-pancreatic hormone profiles, including GLP-1 and insulin secretion.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pear-shaped body types linked to lower risk of gout: genetic evidence from Mendelian randomization.","authors":"Yu Qiu, Cantao Li, Ying Hua, Yan Huang, Lu Zhang, Jiaman Xu, Junna Zheng, Zhiling Fu, Xiaoxi Zhang, Fenfen Li, Daozong Xia","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01875-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01875-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Growing evidence has indicated an association between obesity, measured by body mass index (BMI), and urate levels, as well as the risk of gout. However, BMI inadequately reflects the body's fat distribution, including variations in gluteofemoral, abdominal subcutaneous, and visceral adipose tissue (GFAT, ASAT, and VAT). This study aimed to utilize Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal associations between genetically predicted fat distribution, urate levels, and the risk of gout.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a comprehensive investigation of nine fat distribution traits, including raw and adjusted measures of GFAT, ASAT, VAT, and their corresponding ratios, as potential exposures. Using two-sample MR analysis, we investigated the causal associations between these fat distribution traits, urate levels, and gout risk. Additionally, we conducted multivariate MR analysis to assess whether the interaction between different fat depots influenced causal effects. Furthermore, we applied a two-step MR analysis to assess their mediating effects on gout risk through urate levels. We also conducted multiple sensitivity analyses to confirm the robustness and validity of our results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MR analysis revealed a significant negative causal association between GFAT (both raw and adjusted) and urate levels as well as gout risk. Conversely, a significant positive causal association was observed between ASAT and urate levels. The mediation analysis revealed that 36% and 40% of the protective effect of raw and adjusted GFAT on the risk of gout was mediated by urate level, respectively. These findings remained consistent across multivariable analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides preliminary evidence supporting the association between fat distribution, urate levels, and gout risk, suggesting a potential lower risk of gout in individuals with a pear-shaped body.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144799056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of exposure to famine early in life with indicators of obesity in adulthood: testosterone as a potential mediator?","authors":"Qingqing Cao, Zexin Jia, Changsheng Huan, Qian Gao, Pengcheng Yuan, Xin Li, Zhen Ma, Zhenxing Mao, Chongjian Wang, Wenqian Huo","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01876-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01876-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Chinese famine occurred between 1959 and 1961. Findings on early exposure to famine on obesity have been inconsistent. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of early exposure to famine on obesity and the mediating role of testosterone.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The design enrolled 2667 participants from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. The associations between early famine exposure and indicators of obesity and obesity were explored using generalized linear models and logistic regression models, respectively. Stratified analyses by sex were performed to account for potential sex-specific effects. Mediation analyses were applied to address the contribution of testosterone in mediating the impact of early-life famines on obesity and its indicators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of the study participants was 54 (range: 48-64) years old. Fetal famine exposure was positively associated with central obesity (waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)) in both sexes. Nevertheless, childhood famine exposure (3-9 years old after 3-year famine) was negatively associated with general obesity (body mass index (BMI)), and central obesity (WC) in males. In contrast, childhood famine exposure in females was positively associated with central obesity (WHR and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)). Mediation analyses suggested that testosterone partially mediated the association of childhood famine exposure with central obesity (WC), BMI, WC, and WHtR in males, with mediation effect proportions ranging from 3.27% to 11.85%. In females, testosterone mediates the role of childhood famine in increasing the risk of central obesity (WHR), WHR, and WHtR, with mediating effect proportions of 5.50%, 3.60%, and 7.17%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fetal famine exposure increases the risk of central obesity. Childhood famine exposure showed sex-specific effects on central obesity, with a negative association in males and a positive association in females. Additionally, testosterone has been found for the first time to partially mediate the positive association of childhood famine on obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144799055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term prognostic value of myocardial work analysis across obesity stages: insights from a community-based study.","authors":"Fjolla Zhubi Bakija, Máté Tolvaj, Ádám Szijártó, Márton Tokodi, Andrea Ferencz, Bálint Károly Lakatos, Zsuzsanna Ladányi, Loretta Kiss, Zsolt Szelid, Pál Soós, Béla Merkely, Zsolt Bagyura, Attila Kovács, Alexandra Fábián","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01863-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01863-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity and overweight are major contributors to cardiovascular disease and adverse outcomes, yet subclinical systolic dysfunction in low-risk individuals often remains undetected by conventional echocardiographic metrics. Myocardial work (MW) analysis offers a more sensitive assessment of left ventricular (LV) function. Thus, we aimed to assess the prognostic value of MW indices in a low-risk, community-based cohort with different stages of obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively identified 1330 volunteers from the Budakalász population-based screening program stratified into 3 groups: patients with normal weight, overweight, and obesity based on BMI. All underwent 2D echocardiography to measure LV ejection fraction (EF), LV global longitudinal strain (GLS), global MW index (GWI), global wasted work (GWW), and global MW efficiency (GWE). The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality over a median follow-up of 11 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During follow-up, 138 (10.4%) participants died. LVEF was not predictive of outcome. By univariable Cox regression analysis, GWI was a predictor of outcomes, alongside GWW, GWE, and GLS in the total cohort. In normal weight group, only GLS was a predictor. In the group with overweight, GLS, GWE (HR 0.917 [95%CI 0.874-0.963], p < 0.00) and GWW (HR 1.341 [95%CI 1.121-1.604], p = 0.001) were predictors of mortality. Among patients with obesity, GWI was the only significant predictor (HR 0.929 [95%CI 0.875-0.986], p = 0.015). In patients with overweight and obesity with GWI values below the standard cut-off of 1292 mmHg%, the risk of all-cause mortality was more than 2 times higher.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Myocardial work metrics were significant predictors of long-term outcomes in low-risk individuals with different stages of obesity. Our findings highlight that conventional echocardiographic metrics may underestimate cardiovascular risk in patients with overweight and obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144794393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implicit and explicit weight bias among healthcare professionals.","authors":"Jane W Liang, Christie Buonpane, Shengxuan Wang, Arghavan Salles","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01878-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01878-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with overweight and obesity are negatively impacted by weight bias in healthcare, leading to poor quality of care and poor health outcomes. Implicit bias can be estimated from reaction times during Implicit Association Tests (IATs), and explicit bias can be self-reported. Data from over one million online survey responses collected by Project Implicit between 2006-2022 suggest that implicit and explicit weight bias persist among diagnosing and treating practitioners, other healthcare workers, and non-healthcare workers. Moreover, our findings indicate that diagnosing and treating workers could express more explicit bias than others. Across all three occupation groups examined, it appears that men have more explicit negative attitudes toward people with obesity, and explicit weight bias appears to be decreasing over time. Given the powerful impact healthcare workers have on the experiences of patients, more efforts should be made to educate them on how to recognize their weight biases, the negative impact of those biases, and how to take appropriate action.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of metabolic surgery effectiveness in obesity and type 2 diabetes: a puzzle with some known pieces.","authors":"Claudio Blasi","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01853-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01853-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic surgery is currently the most effective available treatment for obesity and diabetes. However, it cannot be practiced widely, as some potential candidate patients do not have access to this procedure, primarily because it is expensive, necessitates experience on the part of operators, and requires adequate hospital facilities. Furthermore, side effects, although rare, remain a problem. Consequently, an ideal approach would be to reproduce the mechanisms of action of metabolic surgery through a noninvasive pharmacological treatment. To accomplish this, it is necessary to determine the exact mechanisms involved. Despite numerous studies in this field, a definitive conclusion has not yet been reached. Some of the known effects of metabolic surgery on organisms are described herein. Upon in-depth examination, all can be traced back to a functional modification of the autonomic GI-brain axis, mediated by afferent vagal fibers, establishing a constant relationship with brain centers to control food intake. These mechanisms act through the postsynaptic receptors of certain neurotransmitters. A viable path for implementing a pharmacological therapy for obesity may therefore be to identify drugs that act on these receptors to achieve adequate therapeutic responses. Possible candidates include substances that modulate various subtypes of NMDA glutamate receptors or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors. In conclusion, autonomic modifications which have so far been shown to be activated by metabolic surgery represent the pieces of a puzzle which, when put together, allow us to identify the functional modification of the GI-brain vagal axis as the primary cause of this treatment's positive effects. These findings suggest the plausibility of an alternative pharmacological mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144760071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mixed-meal tolerance test as an appetite assay: methodological and practical considerations.","authors":"James A King, Alice E Thackray, Catherine Gibbons, Catia Martins, David R Broom, David J Stensel, Dimitris Papamargaritis, Frank Arsenyadis, Graham Finlayson, Gráinne Whelehan, Javier T Gonzalez, John Blundell, Kristine Beaulieu, Lewis James, Lore Metz, Mark Hopkins, Masashi Miyashita, Scott A Willis, Vicky Drapeau, David Thivel","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01866-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01866-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Appetite control is a topic which attracts widespread interest given its importance to energy balance and obesity. In this research area, the mixed-meal tolerance test (MM-TT) has emerged as an 'appetite regulation assay', facilitating the dynamic assessment of appetite parameters (e.g. subjective appetite perceptions, appetite-related hormones, food reward) in response to an individual meal. The MM-TT is commonly employed in observational and experimental studies to examine population differences and intervention effects. Problematically, no practice standard exists for the MM-TT and protocols vary widely. This presents a challenge for researchers designing new MM-TTs and hampers the comparability of findings. Therefore, within this narrative review we sought to identify and discuss key methodological considerations inherent within a MM-TT. The scope of our review extends to evaluating participant familiarisation and methodological standardisation practices, test meal characteristics, appetite perception assessment, blood sampling techniques, measurement of appetite-related hormones and data handling/analysis. A checklist has been devised to summarise relevant methodological issues identified within this review. This checklist can be used as a tool by researchers to facilitate MM-TT design and promote greater standardisation/comparability between studies. This review highlights the need for broader standardisation of MM-TT procedures to support consistency across future research. Additional research is needed to strengthen the evidence base on which various recommendations are made, particularly relating to participant familiarisation and methodological standardisation practices. Additional scrutiny of less common outcomes employed in MM-TTs (not addressed here), such as diet-induced thermogenesis, gastric emptying and ad libitum energy intake, is also needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agomelatine alleviates palmitic acid-induced mouse oocyte meiosis defects by restoring mitochondrial function","authors":"Ruolin Zhao,&nbsp;Yujie Tang,&nbsp;Yingbing Zhang,&nbsp;Jinwang Liu,&nbsp;Changsheng Zhong,&nbsp;Bozhen Ji,&nbsp;Weijia Song,&nbsp;Chengtu Zhang,&nbsp;Jianmin Su","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01825-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01825-2","url":null,"abstract":"Palmitic acid (PA) is known to be elevated in the follicular fluid of women with obesity, negatively affecting female fertility. However, the mechanism by which PA exposure reduces female fertility is not fully understood, and how it can be treated requires further investigation. We first established in vivo and in vitro models of mouse oocyte maturation at high concentrations of PA and determined the effects of treatment with agomelatine (Ago) which is a melatonin receptor agonist with antioxidant properties. We assessed oocyte maturation rates, spindle morphology and chromosome morphology, oxidative stress and apoptosis levels. Lastly, we examined energy levels, mitochondrial function, and mitochondrial synthesis-related protein expression levels. Our results showed that PA exposure disrupted spindle assembly and chromosome alignment, reduced microtubule stability, and impaired the meiotic maturation of oocytes. PA also disrupted mitochondrial function, leading to decreased ATP production, elevated Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS) levels, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Remarkably, Ago supplementation promoted oocyte quality by restoring spindle/chromosome conformation, maintaining mitochondrial function, lowering ROS levels, and inhibiting apoptosis. This study establishes that Ago ameliorates metabolic stress-induced oocyte deterioration through mitochondrial functional restoration, providing mechanistic insights into obesity-associated infertility. Importantly, our study identifies a potentially favorable drug for combating obesity-induced female infertility.","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"49 9","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the effect of bariatric surgery on circulating S100A9.","authors":"Hamza Ahmed, Alondra Guzman, Ruina Zhang, Manish Parikh, Sean P Heffron","doi":"10.1038/s41366-025-01868-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-025-01868-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bariatric surgery (BS) is associated with improved cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in individuals with obesity. One proposed mechanism is reduced inflammation. S100A9, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is elevated in obesity. S100A9, particularly expression in platelets, has been associated with CV risk. The impact of BS on circulating and platelet S100A9 in obesity is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied serum, plasma, and platelet supernatants from subjects with obesity pre- and post-BS (n = 23) and lean volunteers (n = 8). S100A9 levels were quantified using an S100A9 immunoassay. Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, and t-tests were performed to assess changes in S100A9 levels pre- and post-operatively and compare levels across sample and subject types. Spearman tests were used to assess correlations between S100A9 levels in different sample types and neutrophil/platelet counts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum and plasma S100A9 concentrations were elevated in individuals with obesity relative to lean individuals. Levels decreased to lean subject levels at 1-year post-BS, despite subjects with obesity remaining overweight. Circulating neutrophil counts also decreased post-BS, and post-BS differences in serum S100A9 were eliminated when calculated per-neutrophil. Platelet supernatant S100A9 levels were lower than in serum and plasma and did not change post-BS. Platelet supernatant S100A9 correlated with plasma, but not serum, levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found that S100A9 concentrations differ substantially between blood components, are elevated in obesity, and normalize post-BS. Reductions in circulating S100A9 may contribute to reduced inflammation and be largely driven by resolution of obesity-associated neutrophilia. Our data suggest minimal platelet contribution to circulating (or systemic) S100A9, but a local level inflammatory impact cannot be excluded.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}