International Journal of Obesity最新文献

{"title":"From starvation to time-restricted eating: a review of fasting physiology.","authors":"Candida J Rebello, Dachuan Zhang, Joseph C Anderson, Rebecca F Bowman, Pamela M Peeke, Frank L Greenway","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01641-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01641-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have long known that subjects with obesity who fast for several weeks survive. Calculations that assume the brain can only use glucose indicated that all carbohydrate and protein sources would be consumed by the brain within several weeks yet subjects with obesity who fasted for several weeks survived. This anomaly led to the determination of the metabolic role of ketone bodies. Subsequent studies transformed our understanding of ketone bodies and illustrated the value of challenging the norm and adapting theory to evidence. Although prolonged fasting is no longer a treatment for obesity, the early studies of starvation provided valuable insights about macronutrient metabolism and ketone body adaptations that fasting elicits. Intermittent fasting and its variants such as time-restricted eating are fasting models that are far less regimented than starvation and severe calorie restriction; yet they produce metabolic benefits. The mechanisms that produce the metabolic changes that intermittent fasting elicits are relatively unknown. In this article, we review the physiology of starvation, starvation adaptation diets, diet-induced ketosis, and intermittent fasting. Understanding the premise and physiology that these regimens induce is necessary to draw parallels and provoke thoughts on the mechanisms underlying the metabolic benefits of intermittent fasting and its variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body mass index across development and adolescent hair cortisol: the role of persistence, variability, and timing of exposure.","authors":"Christina Y Cantave, Paula L Ruttle, Sylvana M Coté, Sonia J Lupien, Marie-Claude Geoffroy, Frank Vitaro, Mara Brendgen, Richard Tremblay, Michel Boivin, Isabelle Ouellet-Morin","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01640-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01640-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research suggests a putative role of the glucocorticoid stress hormone cortisol in the accumulation of adiposity. However, obesity and weight fluctuations may also wear and tear physiological systems promoting adaptation, affecting cortisol secretion. This possibility remains scarcely investigated in longitudinal research. This study tests whether trajectories of body mass index (BMI) across the first 15 years of life are associated with hair cortisol concentration (HCC) measured two years later and whether variability in BMI and timing matter.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>BMI (kg/m²) was prospectively measured at twelve occasions between age 5 months and 15 years. Hair was sampled at age 17 in 565 participants. Sex, family socioeconomic status, and BMI measured concurrently to HCC were considered as control variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Latent class analyses identified three BMI trajectories: \"low-stable\" (59.2%, n = 946), \"moderate\" (32.6%, n = 507), and \"high-rising\" (8.2%, n = 128). BMI variability was computed by dividing the standard deviation of an individual's BMI measurements by the mean of these measurements. Findings revealed linear effects, such that higher HCC was noted for participants with moderate BMI trajectories in comparison to low-stable youth (β = 0.10, p = 0.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [0.02-0.40]); however, this association was not detected in the high-rising BMI youth (β = -0.02, p = 0.71, 95% CI = [-0.47-0.32]). Higher BMI variability across development predicted higher cortisol (β = 0.17, p = 0.003, 95% CI = [0.10-4.91]), additively to the contribution of BMI trajectories. BMI variability in childhood was responsible for that finding, possibly suggesting a timing effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study strengthens empirical support for BMI-HCC association and suggests that more attention should be devoted to BMI fluctuations in addition to persistent trajectories of BMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142375446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight loss as a predictor of reduced survival in patients with lung cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis.","authors":"Junfang Zhang, Xuan Tang, Wenbo Zhang, Ying Xu, Heng Zhang, Yu Fan","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01642-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01642-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The impact of weight loss on survival outcomes remains challenging in patients with lung cancer. The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to assess the association of weight loss with survival outcomes in these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two authors conducted a comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases up to January 15, 2024. Observational studies that assessed the weight loss as a prognostic factor of overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with lung cancer were included this analysis. Weight loss defined by at least 5% loss of total body weight over 2 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen studies involving 14,540 patients with lung cancer were included. Pooled adjusted hazard ratios (HR) indicated that weight loss was associated with reduced overall survival (HR 1.65; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.43-1.91) and progression-free survival (HR 1.40; 95% CI 1.15-1.71). Subgroup analysis showed that weight loss significantly predicted overall survival, regardless of study design, lung cancer subtypes, clinical stage of cancer, weight loss definition, or length of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Weight loss is a significant predictor of overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with lung cancer. Weight monitoring has potential to improve prognostication of survival outcomes for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142371816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between paternal excessive weight and neonatal anthropometry in a clinical trial of nutritional counseling for pregnant women with overweight","authors":"Mariana Rinaldi Carvalho,&nbsp;Daniela Elias Goulart de Andrade Miranda,&nbsp;Naiara Franco Baroni,&nbsp;Izabela da Silva Santos,&nbsp;Natália Posses Carreira,&nbsp;Livia Castro Crivellenti,&nbsp;Daniela Saes Sartorelli","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01639-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-024-01639-8","url":null,"abstract":"Human studies suggest that fathers with obesity influence infant growth and development. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between paternal body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with neonatal anthropometry and adiposity. This study is a cohort nested in a randomized controlled clinical trial of nutritional counseling for pregnant women with overweight. In total, 89 partner-pregnant woman-neonate triads were included. Paternal anthropometric measurements were taken at the time of the interview. Secondary data related to birth were obtained through access to the health information systems. Neonatal skinfold thickness was assessed and the adiposity was estimated using a predictive anthropometric model. Pearson’s correlation and adjusted multivariate linear regression models were employed to evaluate the relationship between paternal BMI and WC with neonatal anthropometric measurements and adiposity. In total, 57.0% of the fathers presented a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² and 14.6% a waist circumference ≥102 cm. The mean ± SD birth weight of the newborns (g) was 3357 ± 538. Paternal BMI and WC were inversely correlated with head circumference at birth [r = −0.31 (p = 0.004), r = −0.23 (p = 0.03), respectively]. Paternal BMI was also inversely correlated with the birth weight standardized by gestational age (z-score) [r = −0.23 (p = 0.03)]. In adjusted multivariate linear regression models, the paternal BMI (kg/m²) was inversely associated with the head circumference at birth (cm) [β = −0.07 (95% CI −0.15; −0.001) p = 0.04]. The data suggest that paternal excessive weight have a negative effect on fetal development, as assessed by anthropometric measurements. The inverse association between paternal BMI and the head circumference at birth was independent of confounders. Future studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to confirm or refute such hypotheses.","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"48 12","pages":"1831-1838"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142346621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlations and consistency of body composition measurement indicators and BMI: a systematic review.","authors":"Ruohan Yang, Jinxia Yu, Chunyan Luo, Wenjuan Qi, Dongling Yang, Hui Xue, Xiaoyan Ni, Shuxin Yu, Wei Du, Fengyun Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01638-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01638-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>It is critical to accurately determine the level of obesity and health status since overweight/obesity has become a main global public health problem. This systematic review attempted to evaluate the consistency and correlation between body composition measurement indicators and body mass index (BMI) in childhood and adolescence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, WANFANG DATA, SinoMed) were searched to collect the literature published since 1999 with the focus on the relationship between body composition measurement indicators and BMI to measure obesity in childhood and adolescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 28 articles included, 13 articles reported a moderate to very strong correlation between %BF and BMI in obesity measurement (range: 0.49-0.907), while two articles reported a strong to very strong correlation between FM and BMI (range: 0.60-0.86). Six articles reported good to excellent obesity measurement consistency between %BF and BMI (range: 0.441-0.876), one article reported WC (0.58) and WHtR (0.46) in the moderate consistency with BMI, and one article reported a relatively poor to fair consistency between FM and BMI (range: 0.167-0.409). WC, WHtR, and BMI showed the moderate consistency in pre-adolescent children. In pre-adolescence and adolescence, the measurement consistency between %BF and BMI was higher than that between FM and BMI. Gender difference existed in the consistency between %BF and BMI during adolescence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A range of body composition indicators such as %BF, WC, WHtR, and FM could provide valuable body composition measurements, complement BMI for obesity assessment in children and adolescents, and facilitate efficient and comprehensive surveillance of childhood obesity.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>PROSPERO CRD42024506932.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of fetal growth rate and growth in first year of life with childhood overweight: a cohort study","authors":"Magnus Leth-Møller,&nbsp;Ulla Kampmann,&nbsp;Susanne Hede,&nbsp;Per G. Ovesen,&nbsp;Adam Hulman,&nbsp;Sine Knorr","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01637-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41366-024-01637-w","url":null,"abstract":"There is an increasing focus on the first 1000 days from conception to two years of age as a period of importance for future weight. We aimed to describe the interaction between fetal and infant growth and their association with and ability to predict childhood overweight. We used routinely collected fetal growth data from Aarhus University Hospital and child growth data from Aarhus Municipality, 2008–2018. The outcome was overweight at age 5–9 years. The fetal growth rates at weeks 28 and 34 were extracted from individual trajectories using mixed models. We identified patterns of infant BMI Z-score growth using latent class analysis and estimated odds ratios of overweight at age 5–9 years dependent on fetal and infant growth. Predictive capabilities were assessed by comparing areas under the ROC-curves (AUCROC) of the prediction models. In 6206 children, we identified three infancy growth patterns: average, accelerated, and decelerated growth. We found 1.09 (95% CI: 1.06–1.12) greater odds of being overweight for every 10 g/week increase in fetal growth rate at week 34. Compared with average growth, accelerated infant growth was associated with 1.52 (95% CI: 1.20–1.90) greater odds of overweight. Combining fetal and infant growth, children with average fetal growth and accelerated infant growth had 1.96 (95% CI: 1.41–2.73) greater odds of overweight. Fast fetal growth with decelerated infant growth was not associated with being overweight (OR: 0.79 (95% CI: 0.63–0.98)), showing that infant growth modified the association between fetal growth and overweight. When fetal growth was added to a prediction model containing known risk factors, the AUCROC remained unchanged but infant growth improved the predictive capability (AUCROC difference: 0.04 (95% CI: 0.03–0.06)). Fetal and infant growth were independently associated with overweight, but distinct combinations of fetal and infant growth showed marked differences in risk. Infant, but not fetal, growth improved a prediction model containing known confounders.","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"48 12","pages":"1822-1830"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41366-024-01637-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Mediterranean diet during pregnancy on the onset of overweight or obesity in the offspring: a randomized trial","authors":"Serena Coppola, Lorella Paparo, Giorgio Bedogni, Rita Nocerino, Davide Costabile, Mariella Cuomo, Lorenzo Chiariotti, Laura Carucci, Annalisa Agangi, Marcello Napolitano, Francesco Messina, Annalisa Passariello, Roberto Berni Canani","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01626-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01626-z","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background/Objectives</h3><p>The PREMEDI study was designed to assess the efficacy of nutritional counseling aimed at promoting Mediterranean Diet (MD) during pregnancy on the incidence of overweight or obesity at 24 months in the offspring.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>PREMEDI was a parallel-arm randomized-controlled trial. 104 women in their first trimester of pregnancy were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to standard obstetrical and gynecological care alone (CT) or with nutritional counseling promoting MD. Women enrolled in the MD arm were provided with 3 sessions of nutritional counseling (one session per trimester). The main outcome was the proportion of overweight or obesity among the offspring at the age of 24 months. Maternal MD-adherence and weight gain during pregnancy were also evaluated. Lastly, the evaluation of epigenetic modulation of metabolic pathways in the offspring was analyzed in cord blood.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Five women in the MD arm and 2 in the CT arm were lost to follow-up, so a total of 97 completed the study. At 24 months, children of MD mothers were less likely to have overweight or obesity than those of the CT mothers (6% vs. 33%, absolute risk difference = −27%, 95% CI −41% to −12%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; number needed to treat 3, 95% CI 2 to 8, intention to treat analysis). A significantly higher increase of MD-adherence during the trial was observed in the MD arm compared to the CT arm. A similar body weight gain at the end of pregnancy was observed in the two arms. The mean (SD) methylation rate of the leptin gene in cord blood was 30.4 (1.02) % and 16.9 (2.99) % in the CT and MD mothers, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>MD during pregnancy could be an effective strategy for preventing pediatric overweight or obesity at 24 months. This effect involves, at least in part, an epigenetic modification of leptin expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucose circadian rhythm assessment in pregnant women for gestational diabetes screening","authors":"Rafael Bravo, Kyung Hyun Lee, Sarah A. Nazeer, Jocelyn A. Cornthwaite, Michal Fishel Bartal, Claudia Pedroza","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01636-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01636-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common complication during pregnancy, and it is associated with short- and long-term health impairments. Even with increasing incidence rates worldwide, to date, GDM lacks an international standard diagnosis criterion.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objective</h3><p>To elucidate whether a chronobiological perspective may improve the identification of patients at risk for neonatal complications.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We analyzed a dataset with 92 recruited pregnant patients with Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) data obtained in a blinded study. The primary outcome consisted in evaluating whether the composite of adverse neonatal outcomes could be predicted by chronobiological variables derived from fitting glucose oscillation to a circadian rhythm. The secondary neonatal outcomes included preterm birth, neonatal intensive care unit admission, hypoglycemia, mechanical ventilation or continuous positive airway pressure, hyperbilirubinemia, and hospital length of stay. The secondary maternal outcomes included weight gain during pregnancy, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, induction of labor, cesarean delivery, and postpartum complications. 87 subjects had enough data to study for glucose circadian rhythmicity.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>We developed a 3-covariate model including two chronobiological metrics, the midline estimating statistic of rhythm (MESOR) and glucose M10 start-time, and age that was predictive of the primary outcome, and associated with maternal secondary outcomes (preeclampsia with severe features and weight gain during pregnancy), and newborn secondary outcomes (preterm delivery &lt; 37 weeks, indicated preterm delivery, NICU admission, need for CPAP, and differences in length of hospital stay).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Chronobiological parameters might contribute to a better identification of the adverse outcomes associated with GDM in both the mother and newborn.</p><figure></figure>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note: Influence of hypobaric hypoxia on leptin levels in men.","authors":"M Tschöp,C J Strasburger,M Töpfer,H Hautmann,R Riepl,R Fischer,G Hartmann,K Morrison,M Appenzeller,W Hildebrandt,J Biollaz,P Bärtsch","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01635-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01635-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the association between individual, family, and program characteristics and change in health outcomes 12 months after enrollment into the CANadian Pediatric Weight management Registry (CANPWR)","authors":"Patrick G. McPhee, Geoff D. C. Ball, Annick Buchholz, Jill K. Hamilton, Josephine Ho, Ian Zenlea, Lehana Thabane, Katherine M. Morrison","doi":"10.1038/s41366-024-01631-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-024-01631-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>To examine individual, family, and program characteristics associated with changes in anthropometric and cardiometabolic health indicators in children with overweight or obesity after participating in multidisciplinary obesity management for 12 months.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Participants included children 2–17 years old with overweight or obesity enrolled in the CANadian Pediatric Weight Management Registry (CANPWR). Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to investigate the associations between individual, family, and program characteristics and changes in anthropometry (WHO BMI <i>z</i>-score) and cardiometabolic health indicators (systolic and diastolic blood pressure; fasting and 2-h glucose post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT); high density lipoprotein- (HDL) and non-HDL cholesterol and fasting triglycerides).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>BMI <i>z</i>-score data were available from 1065/1286 (82.8%) at 6-months post-baseline and 893/1286 (69.4%) at 12-months post-baseline. At 6-months, BMI <i>z</i>-score decreased relative to baseline (mean difference (MD) [95% confidence interval (CI)] = −0.08 [−0.10 to −0.06]; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). BMI <i>z</i>-score (MD [95% CI] = −0.08 [−0.13 to −0.04); <i>p</i> = 0.001) and fasting triglycerides (MD [95% CI] = −0.07 [−0.13 to −0.02); <i>p</i> = 0.011) decreased at 12 months from baseline. Older age at baseline (estimated <i>β</i> = 0.025; 95% CI [0.006, 0.042], <i>p</i> = 0.007) and female sex (estimated <i>β</i> = 0.241; 95% CI [0.108, 0.329], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) were associated with a worsened Δ BMI <i>z</i>-score at 12 months, while total hours with mental health provider (estimated <i>β</i> = −0.015; 95% CI [−0.030, −0.001], <i>p</i> = 0.049) was associated with an improved Δ BMI <i>z</i>-score at 12 months. Hours with an exercise counselor (estimated <i>β</i> = 0.023; 95% CI [0.008, 0.039], <i>p</i> = 0.003) were associated with improved HDL, while hours with a registered dietitian (estimated <i>β</i> = −0.026; 95% CI [−0.051, −0.001], <i>p</i> = 0.044) were associated with improved non-HDL cholesterol.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Male sex and hours spent with a mental health provider, exercise counselor, and registered dietitian were related to significant improvements in several anthropometric and cardiometabolic health indicators at 12 months post-baseline.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}