International Journal of Obesity最新文献

{"title":"A rheumatological reading of GLP-1 receptor agonists: from muscle loss to musculoskeletal gain.","authors":"Jacopo Ciaffi, Andrea D'Amuri, Roberto Caporali, Francesco Ursini","doi":"10.1038/s41366-026-02204-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-026-02204-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight discrimination and the negative cultural value of fat: the relationship to well-being across individuals with higher weights of different nations.","authors":"Ana Clara Vieira Zaidan, Joseph D Wellman","doi":"10.1038/s41366-026-02192-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-026-02192-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although discrimination against individuals with higher body weights is prevalent both within and outside the United States, research has largely overlooked how cultural norms and gender shape the experiences of those individuals. While cross-cultural work on anti-fat attitudes has examined variations in the Negative Cultural Value of Fat (NCF), how perceptions of NCF and Perceived Weight Discrimination (PWD) jointly affect well-being among individuals with higher weights across different countries has not been examined. The present study focused on participants who self-identified as overweight, hypothesizing larger gender disparities in well-being in Portugal and Mexico than in the United States, partly due to higher PWD and NCF among women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>1865 participants from the United States (n = 676), Portugal (n = 616), and Mexico (n = 573) who self-identified as overweight completed an online survey lasting approximately 12 min (50% Women; Age: M = 34.6, SD = 12.44). The cross-sectional survey assessed PWD, NCF, Psychological Distress, and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mediational models for Psychological Distress (F(8,1856) = 83.96, p < 0.001, R² = 0.27) and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation (F(8,1856) = 82.51, p < 0.001, R² = 0.26) were significant. Gender had indirect effects on well-being via PWD and NCF, with stronger effects of NCF observed in Portugal and Mexico than in the United States. This indicates that cultural context moderates the association between gender, NCF, weight stigma, and mental health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings underscore NCF as a distinct and important construct in understanding the cultural dimensions of weight stigma and highlight the necessity of cross-cultural approaches to studying the mental health impacts of weight stigma.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-medication with GLP-1 receptor agonists among Brazilian Adults: findings from a web-based survey.","authors":"Taíse Rosa de Carvalho, Lucas S Matzenbacher, Laura Gomes Boabaid de Barros, Luiza Machado Blank, Mariana Kude Perrone, Ana Gabriela Rodrigues Haussen, Jacqueline Rizzolli, Gabriela Heiden Telo","doi":"10.1038/s41366-026-02186-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-026-02186-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The popularity of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) for weight loss has increased significantly in recent years, raising concerns about self-medication with these medications.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the proportion and identify factors associated with GLP-1 RA use without medical prescription among GLP-1 RA users in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted through a self-administered online questionnaire including adults aged 18 years or older residing in Brazil who reported current or past use of GLP-1 RAs for weight loss. We reported the proportion of self-medication and explored associated factors using Poisson regression with robust variance, adjusting for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 860 participants were included (mean age: 39.46 ± 10.61 years; 82.0% female; 47.1% with obesity). The proportion of self-medication with GLP-1 RA was 23.8% (95% CI: 21.1-26.8%). Predictors of self-medication included not having obesity (PR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.13-1.89), not attending physical training centers (PR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.23-1.96), and working in healthcare-related professions (PR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.14-1.84). Conversely, being married (PR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.57-0.94), having diabetes (PR = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.18-0.70), or having eating disorders (PR = 0.72; 95% CI, 0.34-0.97) were associated with lower self-medication rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Almost one in four users reported using GLP-1 RAs without medical prescription. This practice was more frequent among individuals without obesity, those not attending physical training centers, and healthcare professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual dimorphism and pro-atherogenic computed tomography radiomic phenotypes of subcutaneous and visceral abdominal fat.","authors":"Alice Ribeiro Lopes, Inês Sousa, Fabio Nunes, Sonia Xara, Monica Carvalho, Wilson Ferreira, Nuno Ferreira, Antonio Barros, Ricardo Fontes-Carvalho, Vasco Gama Ribeiro, Nuno Bettencourt, Joao Pedrosa, Jennifer Mancio","doi":"10.1038/s41366-026-02195-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-026-02195-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Standard body fat metrics fail to capture the unique biological characteristics of subcutaneous (SAF) and visceral (VAF) abdominal fat. We characterized computed tomography (CT) radiomic profiles of SAF and VAF, identified sex-specific and pro-atherogenic signatures, and assessed their incremental value in cardiovascular risk assessment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 1736 adults without known coronary artery disease, we extracted size, first- and second-order (texture) features of SAF, VAF, and total abdominal fat (TAF) from non-contrast CT. Partial least squares discriminant analysis and XGBoost models were developed to differentiate abdominal fat depots, biological sex, and coronary calcification (defined as coronary calcium score, CCS > 0).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SAF and VAF exhibited distinct radiomic profiles. SAF was characterized by lower attenuation and greater high-density structural continuity. Sexual dimorphism was evident in both depots, but was particularly pronounced in SAF; males displayed greater textural heterogeneity and radiodensity compared to females. Pro-atherogenic signatures exhibited increased textural heterogeneity in both depots. However, coronary calcification was associated with higher radiodensity in SAF (metabolic densification) and lower radiodensity in VAF (pathological hypertrophy). TAF radiomics significantly enhanced the performance of the TAF area to detect CCS > 0, and its accuracy was comparable to more complex models combining the best-performing pro-atherogenic SAF and VAF radiomic features.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CT radiomics identified texture heterogeneity as a key feature of male, visceral, and pro-atherogenic adipose tissue phenotypes, while further supporting the protective characteristics of SAF compared with VAF. Unlike conventional TAF area measurements, radiomic analysis of TAF captures underlying tissue complexity and heterogeneity, providing a robust alternative to separate abdominal fat depot assessments for individualized obesity risk stratification. These findings highlight the potential of CT radiomics to differentiate biologically distinct abdominal fat phenotypes and enhance obesity-related cardiometabolic risk profiling.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can weight status in the first year of life predict well-being in the first years of school?","authors":"Mie Sylow Liljendahl, Mette Rasmussen, Sofie Weber Pant, Lis Marie Pommerencke, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Trine Pagh Pedersen","doi":"10.1038/s41366-026-02180-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-026-02180-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early life represents a critical period for shaping long-term health outcomes, with early interventions playing a significant role in promoting well-being. This study aimed to investigate whether infant weight status could predict concerns of development and well-being in the first years of school using health nurse data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the Danish Child Health Database collaboration included 54 917 children and families who received home visits at 8-10 months and school examinations by health nurses during the children's first years of school. Weight status was measured using BMI z-scores and tested categorical, linear and using restricted cubic splines to explore predictive performance. Well-being was assessed by health nurses using seven indicators, including language skills, motor development, emotional well-being, and peer relationship problems. Model performance was evaluated through visualization of restricted cubic splines and by Area Under the Curve (AUC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Infant weight status at 8-10 months showed poor predictive performance (AUC < = 0.533) across all indicators of well-being in the first years of school. While certain weight categories-especially severe thinness, overweight, and obesity-were linked to specific concerns such as language skills and motor development, these associations had wide confidence intervals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although infant weight status may indicate later health concerns, it was not a reliable predictor of health nurses' well-being concerns in the early school years. The findings demonstrated that predictive performance remained poor across several models, suggesting that infant weight alone may not capture the complexity of factors influencing later well-being as recorded by health nurses.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid and long-lasting remodelling of the blood transcriptome following bariatric surgery.","authors":"Julien Roux, Denis Seyres, Jessica L Buxton, Dale Handley, Giulia Hofer, Suzanne I Alsters, Karl-Heinz Herzig, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Alexandra I Blakemore, Claudia Cavelti-Weder","doi":"10.1038/s41366-026-02196-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-026-02196-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Bariatric (or metabolic) surgery is the most effective treatment for severe obesity, resulting in sustained weight loss and rapid improvement in metabolic outcomes. However, it is currently unknown what molecular changes are induced by the surgery, how they relate to the health improvements, how early they occur, and whether they are maintained over time.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>In this study, we characterised early gene expression changes following surgery in blood samples from the 'Personalised Medicine for Morbid Obesity' cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed widespread changes in gene expression only a few days after surgery. Pathways related to immune response were affected, in particular with a decreased expression of the NF-κB pathway and neutrophil cytotoxic activity genes, suggesting a reduction of the inflammatory state typically associated with obesity. Metabolic signalling was also affected, with decreased expression of genes from pathways related to glucagon and insulin secretion, and key regulators such as the appetite-controlling hormone ghrelin. Comparisons to publicly available transcriptomics datasets showed that beyond these specific changes, bariatric surgery induces a transcriptome-wide reversal of expression changes associated with obesity and with forms of type 2 diabetes related to obesity. Comparisons to transcriptomics studies with longer-term follow-ups after bariatric surgery showed that a large fraction of early-induced expression changes likely persist for several months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, we show that previously unreported early changes in blood gene expression after bariatric surgery provide in-depth insights into the resolution of the chronic inflammation associated with severe obesity and its connection with metabolic improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normal dopamine uptake ratio on [¹⁸F]FDOPA pet-imaging in obesity.","authors":"D L Marinus Oterdoom, Ellen Hendrikse, Anne H Mulder, Elise O M Broersen, Monique van der Weijden-Germann, Twan van Dalen, Chris W J van der Weijden, Nádia F Simões de Souza, Erik F J de Vries, J Marc C van Dijk, André P van Beek","doi":"10.1038/s41366-026-02198-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-026-02198-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Dopamine plays a key role in motivation and behavioral regulation and may influence eating behavior in obesity. Previous studies indicate altered dopamine receptor availability in obesity, but the role of presynaptic dopaminergic function remains unclear. This study employed [¹⁸F]FDOPA PET imaging to evaluate presynaptic dopamine function in a large cohort of individuals with obesity compared with individuals with normal weight.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Routine [18F]FDOPA PET/CT scans performed for the detection and follow-up of neuroendocrine tumors were reviewed. Striatal-to-occipital uptake ratios were used as an index of presynaptic dopaminergic tracer uptake after six hours of fasting. Individuals with normal weight (BMI ≤ 25) were compared with individuals with obesity (BMI ≥ 30) using multivariable regression analysis adjusted for age and sex. Sensitivity analyses included BMI modeled continuously and exploratory analyses of non-linear associations. A sensitivity analysis was performed in individuals with obesity class II (BMI 35-40).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median striatal SUV ratios were 2.2 (IQR 0.4, n = 67) in participants with obesity and 2.3 (IQR 0.4, n = 67) in participants with normal weight. No significant differences were observed between groups in the striatum (p = 0.07), putamen (p = 0.17), or caudate nucleus (p = 0.14), including among individuals with BMI ≥ 35 kg/m². Continuous and multivariable analyses yielded consistent results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study did not demonstrate significant differences in striatal [¹⁸F]FDOPA uptake ratios between individuals with normal weight and individuals with obesity in the fasting state. Further research is warranted to clarify the role of the reward system in the development and management of obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLP-1 receptor agonists and the emergence of treatment-related stigma: a call for conceptual clarity.","authors":"Stacy M Post","doi":"10.1038/s41366-026-02200-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-026-02200-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although GLP-1 medications have transformed obesity treatment, their rapid expansion has occurred alongside moral narratives emphasizing discipline, willpower, and personal responsibility in weight management. These narratives often portray GLP-1-assisted weight loss as a \"shortcut\" or as \"taking the easy way out\" compared to lifestyle-based approaches such as diet and exercise. Such perceptions reflect broader weight stigmatizing attitudes; however, GLP-1-related stigma represents an emerging and distinct form of weight stigma in which judgments extend beyond body size to include the perceived legitimacy and moral worthiness of pharmacologic weight management. This compounded form of stigma may exacerbate negative physical and mental health impacts and GLP-1 treatment engagement beyond those associated with weight stigma alone, potentially creating new barriers to effective obesity care. Researchers across obesity, behavioral medicine, and psychosocial health are uniquely positioned to investigate the conceptual and psychometric similarities and differences between weight-based and GLP-1-related stigma. Such efforts will advance the understanding of this emerging phenomenon and improve the health and well-being of individuals with obesity using or considering GLP-1 therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What next? Sustaining anti-obesity pharmacotherapy success through metabolic maintenance.","authors":"Raymond G Lau, Vivian Hsing-Chun Wang, Thomas Gatto, Lauren Perrone, Juan Batista, Niti Rajpal, Stanislaw Klek, Nastassia DeSouza, Michelle Lorge, Donglan Stacy Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41366-026-02202-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-026-02202-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148759291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to the Eatwell Guide and associations with markers of adiposity: a prospective analysis within the UK Biobank cohort.","authors":"Alex Griffiths, Sarah Gregory, Fiona C Malcomson, Marie Spreckley, Jamie Matu, Louisa Ells, Oliver M Shannon","doi":"10.1038/s41366-026-02190-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-026-02190-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity remains a major public health concern in the UK, contributing towards increased disease risk and premature mortality. The Eatwell Guide - the UK's health eating model - is widely applied in policy and practice, yet evidence linking adherence to this dietary pattern with adiposity is limited. Similarly, understanding whether associations differ across population subgroups, including by level of genetic risk for obesity, is essential to inform equitable and effective dietary guidance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 156,764 participants from the UK Biobank, we explored cross-sectional and prospective associations between adherence to the Eatwell Guide and markers of adiposity (BMI, waist circumference, a body shape index [ABSI], and total and trunk body fat percentage). Differences between population sub-groups including by genetic risk, age, sex, physical activity level and socioeconomic status were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher Eatwell Guide adherence was cross-sectionally associated with lower BMI (β = -0.032, SE = 0.001, p < 0.001), with higher adherence associated with 25% lower odds of overweight/obesity versus lower adherence (OR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.73-0.77, p < 0.001). Prospectively, greater Eatwell Guide adherence predicted more favourable BMI trajectories over time (β = -0.008, SE = 0.001, p < 0.001). Similar, significant associations were observed for waist circumference, ABSI, and total and trunk body fat percentage (all p < 0.05) and were broadly consistent across key population sub-groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher Eatwell Guide adherence was associated with beneficial changes in multiple markers of adiposity over time. These associations were consistent across key demographic groups, highlighting the potential role of adhering to UK healthy eating recommendations as part of weight management strategies in the UK.</p>","PeriodicalId":14183,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148766567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}