International Journal of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"P21 Ablation Unveils Strain-Specific Transcriptional Reprogramming in <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> Amastigotes.","authors":"Anna Clara Azevedo Silveira, Iara Dantas de Souza, João Vitor Ferreira Cavalcante, Thaise Lara Teixeira, Cristina Mary Orikaza, Rodrigo Juliani Siqueira Dalmolin, José Franco da Silveira, Claudio Vieira da Silva","doi":"10.1155/ijm/9919200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijm/9919200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> is the causative agent of Chagas disease and is capable of invading any nucleated cell in the vertebrate host. The parasite utilizes various virulence factors during cell invasion, including the P21 protein. P21 is encoded by a single-copy, nonconserved gene expressed across all <i>T. cruzi</i> life cycle stages. Its sequence codes for a protein implicated in cell invasion and parasite multiplication. Given the significant differences in biological behavior between distinct strains of <i>T. cruzi</i>, we ablated the P21-coding gene in two phylogenetically distant strains (G and Y strains) and assessed its impact on the transcriptome profile of intracellular amastigotes. Our findings revealed that P21 depletion affected the transcription of different genes in the G and Y strains, with each strain exhibiting enrichment for distinct biological processes. Notably, protein translation was the major biological process impacted by P21 depletion, showing upregulation in the G strain and downregulation in the Y strain. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that P21 gene ablation induces strain-specific transcriptional reprogramming in <i>T. cruzi</i> amastigotes, revealing divergent roles for P21 in modulating fundamental cellular processes like protein translation and potentially influencing host-parasite interactions, contingent upon the parasite's genetic background.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9919200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12253989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Potential of <i>Vatica diospyroides</i> Flower Extracts: Targeting Diverse Pathogens in Aquaculture.","authors":"Juthatip Yooklaen, Theera Srisawat, Luu Tang Phuc Khang, Nguyen Dinh-Hung, Papungkorn Sangsawad, Nguyen Vu Linh, Patima Permpoonpattana","doi":"10.1155/ijm/7471536","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijm/7471536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Vatica diospyroides</i>, an endemic species of the Dipterocarpaceae family, possesses notable medicinal properties. However, its application as an antibacterial agent is limited due to the insufficient investigations of its antibacterial activity from flower extracts. This study is aimed at exploring the antibacterial mechanisms of acetone extracts from the flowers of <i>V. diospyroides</i> against four bacterial strains using various methods, including the well-disk diffusion assay, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assessment, flow cytometry, and scanning electron microscopy. The inhibition zones measured between 6.33 and 17.66 mm. Notably, the extract exhibited different MIC values, such as 250 <i>μ</i>g mL^-1 for <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and only 62.5 <i>μ</i>g.mL^-1 for <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i>, demonstrating its effectiveness. MBC values ranged from 500 to over 1000 <i>μ</i>g mL^-1 for <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the cellular responses to the extract were influenced by both the concentration of the extract and the duration of exposure, indicating a dose- and time-dependent antibacterial effect. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy confirmed that the extract caused structural damage to the cells of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Overall, this study underscores the promising antibacterial potential of <i>V. diospyroides</i> flower extracts, which demonstrate significant efficacy against a variety of bacterial strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7471536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12234162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of a Disinfectant Formulation Comprising Hydrogen Peroxide, Peracetic Acid, and Acetic Acid Against <i>Aspergillus niger</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> on Various Surfaces in Comparison to Other Disinfectants.","authors":"Md Raisul Islam Rabby, Md Sabbir Hossain, Nafisa Nusrat Chowdhury, Fatema Akter, Mamudul Hasan Razu, Zabed Bin Ahmed, Mala Khan","doi":"10.1155/ijm/2602317","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijm/2602317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the effectiveness of a disinfectant formulation comprising acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and peracetic acid (AAHPA) against <i>Aspergillus niger</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> on petri plates, smooth surfaces, and rough surfaces. Comparative analysis with conventional disinfectants such as 70% isopropyl alcohol, 1.5% chlorhexidine gluconate, 10% sodium hypochlorite, and 0.2% hydrogen peroxide reveal AAHPA's superior performance, achieving significantly higher log reduction (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and percentage reduction (<i>p</i> < 0.01) against <i>A. niger</i> in 5 min on petri plates. On smooth and rough surfaces, AAHPA exhibits exceptional efficacy, demonstrating the highest log and percentage reduction against <i>A. niger</i> in 0.5, 1, and 5 min, surpassing other disinfectants. AAHPA shows the highest bacterial decline against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i>, followed by 0.2% hydrogen peroxide. In some cases, 0.2% hydrogen peroxide was slightly more effective than AAHPA against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> in 5 min. Time-dependent analysis of log reduction trends emphasizes AAHPA's rapid and consistent effectiveness, particularly in 0.5 min, positioning it as a promising disinfectant formulation with broad-spectrum efficacy across diverse surfaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2602317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144540085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Impact of Simultaneous or Sequential Coinfections With <i>Borrelia afzelii</i> and Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus on the <i>Ixodes ricinus</i> Microbiota.","authors":"Apolline Maitre, Myriam Kratou, Ana Laura Cano-Argüelles, Stefania Porcelli, Lianet Abuin-Denis, Elianne Piloto-Sardiñas, Lourdes Mateos-Hernández, Dasiel Obregon, Miray Tonk-Rügen, Salma Kaoutar Abdelali, Sara Moutailler, Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz","doi":"10.1155/ijm/7747795","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijm/7747795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ticks, particularly <i>Ixodes ricinus</i>, are significant vectors of pathogens such as <i>Borrelia</i> spp. and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), which cause Lyme borreliosis (LB) and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), respectively. Understanding how these pathogens interact within the tick microbiome is essential for developing vector control strategies. This study investigates the impact of <i>Borrelia afzelii</i> and TBEV, as well as their coinfection, on the microbiota composition and structure of <i>I. ricinus</i> nymphs. Using a network-based approach, we analyzed the microbial communities of ticks exposed to infected or coinfected mice. DNA extracted from newly molted nymphs was sequenced for the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, and microbial diversity metrics (alpha and beta diversity) were calculated. Our results showed that TBEV infection increased microbiome diversity compared to the uninfected and <i>Borrelia</i> groups. Co-occurrence network analyses revealed that while microbial structures remained consistent across conditions, TBEV-infected networks exhibited higher robustness to perturbations, indicating a stabilizing effect on the tick microbiome. Furthermore, the hierarchical position and associations of <i>Borrelia</i> varied significantly depending on the infection scenario, highlighting its adaptive role within the tick microbiota. The study demonstrates that pathogen presence alters tick microbial dynamics, with TBEV enhancing stability, suggesting virus-mediated modifications of the microbiome. These findings advance our understanding of pathogen-tick-microbiome interactions and provide insights into the ecological mechanisms underlying pathogen coexistence within ticks. This research underscores the importance of microbial networks in ticks and offers new perspectives for targeted approaches in managing tick-borne diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7747795"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12206002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Efficacy of Rose Bengal in Reducing the Pathogenicity of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolated From Diarrheal Infections.","authors":"Christ Dieuveil Bayakissa Malanda, Christian Aimé Kayath, Nicole Prisca Makaya Dangui Nieko, Frédéric Yannick Okouakoua, Ndelani Nkalla Lambi, Dieuvit Haïdide Kibamba Niangui, Sergy Patrick Junior Bissoko, Duchel Jeandevi Kinouani Kinavouidi","doi":"10.1155/ijm/4912438","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijm/4912438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diarrheal infections, a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, are frequently attributed to pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains. The rise of antibiotic resistance among these pathogens necessitates the exploration of alternative therapeutic agents. This study is aimed at evaluating the Rose Bengal effect to fight antibiotic resistance in pathogenic <i>E. coli</i>. Using a combination of in vitro assays-including microbiological isolation, 16S RNA molecular identification, acid resistance testing, biofilm and swarming assays, hemolytic activity evaluation, and antibiograms-and in vivo analysis with <i>Rhynchophorus phoenicis</i> larvae, 22 <i>E. coli</i> isolates were obtained. Molecular analyses identified four pathogenic strains: KNH8 (PQ864811), KNH11 (PQ864812), KNH14 (PQ864813), and KNH16 (PQ864814), classified as enterotoxigenic <i>E. coli</i> (ETEC) and enteropathogenic <i>E. coli</i> (EPEC). Pathogenicity assessments revealed that Rose Bengal (200 <i>μ</i>M) significantly reduced acid and bile salt resistance, biofilm formation, swarming motility, and hemolytic activity in all strains. Furthermore, Rose Bengal enhanced the sensitivity of these strains to five antibiotics-imipenem, kanamycin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC)-with increases ranging from twofold to sixfold in pathogenic strains (KNH8, KNH11, KNH14, and KNH16). These effects were further corroborated by in vivo testing using <i>R. phoenicis</i> larvae. The findings highlight the virulent potential of these <i>E. coli</i> strains and suggest Rose Bengal as a promising antimicrobial agent against multidrug-resistant pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4912438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12197512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144496157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation of <i>Streptomyces</i> spp. Exhibiting Potent Antibiofilm Activity Against Clinically Isolated Bacterial Strains.","authors":"Kochar I Mahmood, Hastyar H Najmuldeen, Kameran M Ali, Laila I Faqe Salih, Ayad M Ali, Shwan K Rachid","doi":"10.1155/ijm/4796619","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijm/4796619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) highlights the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies, particularly those targeting microbial virulence factors like biofilm formation. This study aimed to isolate and identify <i>Streptomyces</i> species with potential antibiofilm activity against clinically relevant biofilm-producing bacterial pathogens. <i>Actinomycetes</i> were isolated from soil samples, cultured on Gause's synthetic agar (GSA) and identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Clinically isolated pathogenic bacteria, including <i>Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Acinetobacter baumannii,</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, were identified using the VITEK 2 system. The antibiofilm and antibacterial activities of the bioactive compounds extracted from <i>Streptomyces</i> spp. were assessed using the agar plug diffusion method and quantitative biofilm assays with crystal violet staining. Among the isolated <i>Streptomyces</i> strains, <i>Streptomyces albogriseolus</i> was identified as a promising producer of bioactive metabolites. The isolate exhibited 99% similarity to strain NBRC 3709 based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The crude extract at a concentration of 20 mg/mL demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones of 11.9 mm against <i>K. pneumoniae</i> and 15.1 mm against <i>E. coli</i>. Moreover, the extract significantly reduced biofilm formation in <i>A. baumannii</i> and <i>E. coli</i>. A lower antibiofilm effect was also observed against <i>K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis,</i> and <i>K. oxytoca</i>, with <i>K. oxytoca</i> exhibiting the weakest biofilm inhibition. In conclusion, secondary metabolites from <i>S. albogriseolus</i> display significant antibiofilm activity against drug-resistant pathogens, with efficacy varying by bacterial species and extract concentration. These findings underscore the potential of <i>Streptomyces</i>-derived metabolites as promising candidates for combating biofilm-associated infections. Further studies are recommended to explore their mechanism of action and optimize their potential therapeutic application.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4796619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial Activity of Eucalyptus Essential Oils in Both Culture Media and Coated Materials.","authors":"Théoneste Muhizi, Gervais Manizabayo, Colores Uwamariya, Jean Bosco Nkuranga, Daniel Umereweneza","doi":"10.1155/ijm/2756030","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijm/2756030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Different factors, including microbial resistance, have led to food contamination and increased human intoxication risks. Therefore, finding new adequate methods to fight against bacterial development is of interest. This study investigates the efficiency of eucalyptus essential oils to inhibit the growth of <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Listeria innocua</i>, <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus,</i> and <i>Streptococcus pyogenes.</i> Oils were extracted from eucalyptus leaves by hydrodistillation and chemically analyzed on a coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. The antibacterial activity was assessed in both culture media and film models. Results indicated that eucalyptus oils were rich in different chemicals including <i>α</i>-pinene in oils from <i>E. obliqua</i> (89.3%), <i>E. grandis</i> (39.9%), and <i>E. microcoris</i> (29.6%); p-cymene in <i>E. camaldulensis</i> (40.1%) and <i>E. grandis</i> (25.8%); and eucalyptol in <i>E. viminalis</i> (88.3%), <i>E. crebra</i> (84.6%), <i>E. polyanthemus</i> (80.7%), <i>E. melliodora</i> (78%), <i>E. maiden</i> (74.8%), and <i>E. globulus</i> (70.4%) oils. Terpinen-4-ol was found in <i>E. anceps</i> (5.7%) and <i>E. camaldulensis</i> (5.6%) while oils from <i>E. anceps</i> contained <i>β</i>-phellandrene (4.7%), cis- and trans-piperitols (6.5%), (cis)-p-(2 menthen)-1-ol (8.3%), geraniol (19.9%), and piperitone (10.5%). In comparison with a known antibiotic, azithromycin, essential oils from <i>E. grandis</i> and <i>E. anceps</i> exhibited significant antimicrobial efficacy against the growth of all tested microorganisms. The antibacterial efficiency from these oils was found to be higher than other essential oils tested (<i>p</i> < 0.05), with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration ranging from 0.5 to 7 and 2.5 to 20 <i>μ</i>L/mL, respectively. Yet, at all concentrations tested (5-15 <i>μ</i>L/mL), hydroxy-propyl cellulose (HPC) films containing these oils indicated significant inhibition efficacy of the growth of bacteria compared to HPC films (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Further study on <i>E. grandis</i> and <i>E. anceps</i> oils is needed for their various valorization.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2756030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12136871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ceftaroline Exhibits Promising <i>In Vitro</i> Activity Against Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Clinical Isolates From Alexandria, Egypt.","authors":"Hussien H Sallam, Asmaa A Ramadan, Nancy M Attia, Amira ElBaradei, Sherine M Shawky, Mohammed A El-Kholy","doi":"10.1155/ijm/4558662","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijm/4558662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Ceftaroline is a fifth-generation cephalosporin that was recently introduced into the Egyptian market for the treatment of methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) infections. However, limited data are available regarding the susceptibility of MRSA isolates in Egypt to this antibacterial agent. This study aimed to determine the susceptibility of MRSA strains recovered from different clinical samples to ceftaroline and to investigate the prevalence of the <i>mec</i>A and <i>mec</i>C resistance genes. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 412 MRSA isolates were selected from 520 <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) samples. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using the VITEK-2 compact system. Molecular identification of the <i>nuc</i> gene, encoding nuclease enzyme, a species-specific marker for <i>S. aureus</i>, and the <i>mec</i>A and <i>mec</i>C genes associated with methicillin resistance was performed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Moreover, the <i>in vitro</i> activity of ceftaroline was explored using the disc diffusion method, and its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) criteria. Staphylococcal Protein A (<i>spa</i>) typing was carried out for ceftaroline nonsusceptible strains as determined by MIC. <b>Results:</b> Most isolates were recovered from skin and soft tissue infections. Of the 412 clinical isolates, 407 (98.7%) were susceptible to ceftaroline, with an MIC of ≤ 1 mg/L, while five isolates (1.3%) showed a susceptible dose-dependent (SDD) profile with MIC values of 2-4 <i>μ</i>g/mL. No isolates were resistant to ceftaroline. All isolates carried the <i>nuc</i> gene, 94% harbored <i>mecA</i>, while <i>mecC</i> was undetected. Of the five SDD isolates, three were identified as <i>spa</i> type t037, corresponding to ST-239, ST-240, or ST-241 by multilocus sequence type (MLST), whereas the two remaining isolates were untypeable. <b>Conclusions:</b> From various clinical samples, ceftaroline demonstrated excellent <i>in vitro</i> activity against MRSA strains, positioning it as a promising therapeutic option for managing MRSA infections in Egypt.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4558662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12105897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial Diversity in Aquacultured African Catfish and Source Pond Water in Buea, Cameroon.","authors":"Gordon Takop Nchanji, Bertrand Tatsinkou Fossi, Jerome Fru-Cho, Robert Adamu Shey, Akeson Akeh Andoh, Andrielle L Kemajou Tchamba, Nur A Hasan, Samuel Wanji","doi":"10.1155/ijm/6132661","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijm/6132661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The catfish is a prominent freshwater fish species farmed in Cameroon to meet the escalating demand for fish products. Despite considerable growth potential, there are concerns about the occurrence of bacteria pathogenic to both fish and humans within aquaculture systems. Research on the microbiome of catfish and their habitats remains largely unexplored. Given the critical importance of understanding the microbial composition within aquaculture systems to ensure food safety and protect public health, this study aimed to generate vital preliminary data by investigating the bacteriome of catfish gills and intestines and pond water environment in Cameroon using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The findings revealed a diverse bacterial community (30 phyla, 678 genera, and 1056 species), with Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Verrucomicrobia collectively representing over 93% of the bacterial community observed. Notably, Fusobacteria emerged as the dominant phylum in catfish gills (49.98%) and intestines (65.3%), while Proteobacteria predominated in the pond water environment (40.24%). Bacteria of genus <i>Cetobacterium</i> dominated all three samples (gills, 49.93%; intestines, 65.19%; and pond water, 23.85%). Furthermore, this study identified many bacterial genera, including potential fish pathogens such as <i>Edwardsiella</i>, <i>Aeromonas</i>, <i>Plesiomonas</i>, and <i>Flavobacterium</i>, and human gut bacteria such as <i>Clostridium</i> and <i>Bacteroides</i>, alongside potential beneficial probiotic bacteria such as <i>Lactococcus</i> spp. The coexistence of both potentially pathogenic and probiotic species underscores ecological complex dynamics within freshwater fish aquaculture and highlights the need for thorough microbial management strategies. This study provides insights into the bacterial landscape of Cameroonian aquaculture, revealing potential risks and benefits of catfish farming.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6132661"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12105891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144150421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limitation of the Lytic Effect of Bacteriophages on <i>Salmonella</i> and Other Enteric Bacterial Pathogens and Approaches to Overcome.","authors":"Chuan-Wei Tung, Dita Julianingsih, Anna Phan, Christa Canagarajah, Zabdiel Alvarado-Martínez, Debabrata Biswas","doi":"10.1155/ijm/5936070","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijm/5936070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacteriophages (phages) have emerged as promising agents for combating bacterial pathogens, including nontyphoidal <i>Salmonella enterica</i> (<i>S. enterica</i>), the most common foodborne pathogen worldwide. The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) <i>S. enterica</i> poses a severe healthcare issue. Nowadays, many countries worldwide have banned antibiotics for animal feeds or additives, and various strategies have been developed and gained popularity for their potential to address <i>S. enterica</i> infection. Among these strategies, phage therapy shows more promise because of its ability to specifically target bacterial pathogens without disrupting the beneficial microbiota or animal/human cells. Phages are viruses that rupture host cells through the lysis of phage-encoded endolysin proteins. Nonetheless, phages also face various challenges, including phage resistance, gene transduction, serovar diversity, and the immune response of animal/human organisms, which limit the efficacy of <i>S. enterica</i>. Due to this limitation of phages, endolysin, as a lytic protein for bacterial cells derived from phages, has been demonstrated as another promising solution against various bacterial pathogens, including AMR. This review is aimed at discussing the benefits and limitations of phage therapies and exploring the promising potential of phage-encoded endolysins in controlling <i>S. enterica</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5936070"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12097861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144127427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}