Differential Impact of Simultaneous or Sequential Coinfections With Borrelia afzelii and Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus on the Ixodes ricinus Microbiota.

IF 2.8 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY
International Journal of Microbiology Pub Date : 2025-06-21 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1155/ijm/7747795
Apolline Maitre, Myriam Kratou, Ana Laura Cano-Argüelles, Stefania Porcelli, Lianet Abuin-Denis, Elianne Piloto-Sardiñas, Lourdes Mateos-Hernández, Dasiel Obregon, Miray Tonk-Rügen, Salma Kaoutar Abdelali, Sara Moutailler, Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Ticks, particularly Ixodes ricinus, are significant vectors of pathogens such as Borrelia spp. and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), which cause Lyme borreliosis (LB) and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), respectively. Understanding how these pathogens interact within the tick microbiome is essential for developing vector control strategies. This study investigates the impact of Borrelia afzelii and TBEV, as well as their coinfection, on the microbiota composition and structure of I. ricinus nymphs. Using a network-based approach, we analyzed the microbial communities of ticks exposed to infected or coinfected mice. DNA extracted from newly molted nymphs was sequenced for the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, and microbial diversity metrics (alpha and beta diversity) were calculated. Our results showed that TBEV infection increased microbiome diversity compared to the uninfected and Borrelia groups. Co-occurrence network analyses revealed that while microbial structures remained consistent across conditions, TBEV-infected networks exhibited higher robustness to perturbations, indicating a stabilizing effect on the tick microbiome. Furthermore, the hierarchical position and associations of Borrelia varied significantly depending on the infection scenario, highlighting its adaptive role within the tick microbiota. The study demonstrates that pathogen presence alters tick microbial dynamics, with TBEV enhancing stability, suggesting virus-mediated modifications of the microbiome. These findings advance our understanding of pathogen-tick-microbiome interactions and provide insights into the ecological mechanisms underlying pathogen coexistence within ticks. This research underscores the importance of microbial networks in ticks and offers new perspectives for targeted approaches in managing tick-borne diseases.

同时或依次感染阿兹利螺旋体和蜱传脑炎病毒对蓖麻伊弧菌微生物群的不同影响。
蜱,特别是蓖麻蜱,是Borrelia spp.和蜱传脑炎病毒(TBEV)等病原体的重要载体,分别引起莱姆病(LB)和蜱传脑炎(TBE)。了解这些病原体如何在蜱虫微生物群内相互作用,对于制定病媒控制策略至关重要。本研究探讨了阿氏疏螺旋体和TBEV及其共同感染对蓖麻螨若虫菌群组成和结构的影响。使用基于网络的方法,我们分析了暴露于感染或共感染小鼠的蜱虫的微生物群落。对新脱毛若虫提取的DNA进行细菌16S rRNA基因测序,并计算微生物多样性指标(α和β多样性)。我们的研究结果表明,与未感染和伯氏疏螺旋体组相比,感染bev增加了微生物组的多样性。共现网络分析显示,虽然微生物结构在不同条件下保持一致,但tbev感染的网络对扰动表现出更高的稳健性,表明对蜱虫微生物群具有稳定作用。此外,伯氏疏螺旋体的等级位置和关联根据感染情况而显着变化,突出了其在蜱虫微生物群中的适应性作用。该研究表明,病原体的存在改变了蜱虫微生物动力学,而TBEV增强了稳定性,表明病毒介导的微生物组修饰。这些发现促进了我们对病原体-蜱-微生物组相互作用的理解,并为蜱内病原体共存的生态机制提供了见解。本研究强调了蜱中微生物网络的重要性,并为管理蜱传疾病的靶向方法提供了新的视角。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
57
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: International Journal of Microbiology is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies on microorganisms and their interaction with hosts and the environment. The journal covers all microbes, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea, and protozoa. Basic science will be considered, as well as medical and applied research.
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