International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Determining the Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Positive Caregiving Experience Scale in Dementia","authors":"Mükerrem Kabataş Yıldız,&nbsp;Ayşe Çal","doi":"10.1002/gps.70063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Caring for individuals with dementia presents significant challenges for caregivers. However, positive experiences such as personal growth and emotional satisfaction play a vital role in fostering resilience and improving caregiving outcomes. This study highlights the need for a culturally relevant tool to assess these positive feelings, focusing on the adaptation and validation of the Dementia Caregiver Positive Feeling Scale for Turkish caregivers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to carry out the Turkish validity and reliability study of the 21-item Dementia Caregiver Positive Feeling Scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This methodological study was conducted between February and December 2023 with 200 caregivers of dementia patients receiving treatment at the education and research hospital in Samsun, Türkiye. Data were collected using an individual information form and the 21-item Dementia Caregiver Positive Feeling Scale. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 and Amos 22.0 software. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was calculated, and exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to test the construct validity of the scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The average age of caregivers was 45.18 ± 12.02 (min = 18, max = 78), and 78.0% were female. The average caregiving duration was 4.07 ± 3.00 (1–18) years. The total Cronbach's alpha value of the scale is 0.80. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a KMO coefficient of 0.756 and a Bartlett's test result of <i>χ</i>² = 960.382, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001. Factor loadings ranged from 0.32 to 0.61 and the total variance explained was 47.232. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the scale's 20-item, four-factor structure, with fit indices indicating an acceptable model fit: RMSEA 0.07, GFI 0.85, AGFI 0.80, CFI 0.77 and <i>χ</i>2/sd 2.15 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Dementia Caregiver Positive Feeling Scale has been determined to be a valid and reliable instrument for the Turkish community. It serves as a valuable tool that can be used in research evaluating the positive experiences of caregivers of dementia patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dementia in Turkey–Physician's Perspectives on Facilitating and Challenging Aspects in the Diagnostic Process","authors":"Till Neugebauer,&nbsp;Patrick Brzoska,&nbsp;Hilal Özcebe,&nbsp;Yüce Yilmaz-Aslan","doi":"10.1002/gps.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70068","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Facilitating and challenging aspects of a non-linear diagnostic process of dementia were explored in interviews with physicians from outpatient clinics of a major hospital in Turkey.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 physicians between March and April 2023. Purposive sampling was used to identify clinics that perform dementia diagnostics, including neurology, geriatrics, and psychiatry outpatient clinics. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Facilitating and challenging aspects were perceived on three levels: (1) diagnostic procedures and methods, which focus on the assessment of dementia and the aspects that arise in the process; (2) communication, which describes the verbal and nonverbal relationships between health care professionals, patients, and their caregivers, as well as their communication styles; (3) care environment, which describes the various environmental influences on patients, both on a sociocultural and institutional level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The diagnostic process for dementia involves several interrelated aspects, making a flexible, holistic approach essential. In this study, the social and cultural context of the patients and the involvement of the family emerged as crucial elements. By integrating these aspects, along with a mix of informal and formal communication between healthcare providers and families, the diagnostic process can become more patient-centered and effective. To further improve outcomes, raising awareness and providing education about dementia could reduce stigma and encourage earlier recognition and better management of the condition during the diagnostic process.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Norms of Hong Kong Brief Cognitive Test and the Utility for Screening Cognitive Impairment Among Chinese Older Adults","authors":"Yaonan Zheng,&nbsp;Jiahui Zhu,&nbsp;Nan Li,&nbsp;Minyue Pei,&nbsp;Helen F. K. Chiu,&nbsp;Shuping Tan,&nbsp;Xijin Wang,&nbsp;Yan Xia,&nbsp;Chengbing Huang,&nbsp;Yong Zeng,&nbsp;Sha Liu,&nbsp;Yi Li,&nbsp;Shaohong Zou,&nbsp;Yanchi Zhang,&nbsp;Shaohua Hu,&nbsp;Luoyi Xu,&nbsp;Yanhui Cai,&nbsp;Daxing Wu,&nbsp;Hui Zeng,&nbsp;Guoqing Jiang,&nbsp;Chuan Shi,&nbsp;Huali Wang,&nbsp;Xin Yu","doi":"10.1002/gps.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To establish the norms of the Hong Kong Brief Cognitive Test (HKBC) among Chinese older adults and to examine its utility for differentiating neurocognitive disorders from cognitively normal controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two thousand three hundred twelve participants aged 40 years and above were recruited from six regions of China as the norm construction sample. 93 normal participants and 246 cognitive impairment patients were included for diagnostic test of HKBC. Based on the multinomial regression model, which analyzed the relationship between HKBC score and demographic information, the norm of HKBC score and converted T score (HKBC-T) were constructed. The ROC curve of HKBC-T was depicted to calculate the optimal cutoff value of screening cognitive impairment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results showed that HKBC score was negatively correlated with age (SE = −5.48, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and positive correlation with education (SE = 1.53, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), with no significant association with gender and living area. The AUC value of HKBC-T is 0.85 in distinguishing cognitive impairment and normal older adults. The optimal cutoff value was 45.79 points, achieving a sensitivity of 91.4% and a specificity of 66.7%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Age and education must be adjusted when creating the HKBC norms. The HKBC-T is promising in detecting cognitive impairment at the population level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Implications of Off-Road Cycle Lanes to Increase Physical Activity and Reduce Sex and Gender Differences in the Risk of Dementia","authors":"Magdalena Walbaum,&nbsp;Elisa Aguzzoli,&nbsp;Laura Castro-Aldrete,&nbsp;Eva Cyhlarova,&nbsp;Antonella Santuccione Chadha,&nbsp;Martin Knapp","doi":"10.1002/gps.70067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70067","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dementia represents one of the greatest global health challenges. There are known risk factors that might prevent or delay nearly 50% of the different types of dementia. There are substantial differences in risk factors and progression of dementia between women and men, including engagement in regular physical activity. The study aimed to quantify the impact of increasing women's participation in physical activity with off-road cycles and its effect on dementia incidence, relative to men and the associated health and social care costs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study employed a population model with secondary data analysis approach to investigate the potential economic effect of implementing off-cycle lanes in the UK. Data were drawn from published evidence on lifetime risk of dementia relative to physical activity in men and women for the UK population, levels of physical activity in the UK, evidence on the effectiveness of off-road cycle lanes in increasing the level of physical activity in men and women, lifetime costs of dementia in the UK. Two scenarios were compared, assuming an increase from the baseline levels of cycling of 40.3% and 114% for women and by 36.4% and 77% for men, respectively. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to account for variations in key variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Current dementia related lifetime costs were estimated at £1090.1 billion, and total lifetime costs £3326.1 billion. Under Scenario 1, dementia related lifetime costs decreased by £4.7 billion, and total lifetime costs by £0.11 billion. In Scenario 2, dementia related lifetime costs decreased by £7.0 billion, and total lifetime costs by £1.9 billion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Off-road cycle lanes, especially for women, this type of structural and lifestyle intervention has the potential to bring health and economic benefits. Increased physical activity not only provides numerous health benefits, but also contributes to preventing the onset and lifetime costs of dementia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Signatures of Very Early Cognitive Decline in Asymptomatic Middle-Aged Offspring of People With Alzheimer's Disease","authors":"Nadia Ramsingh,&nbsp;Hung-Mo Lin,&nbsp;Yuxia Ouyang,&nbsp;Ramit Ravona-Springer,&nbsp;Abigail Livny,&nbsp;Laili Soleimani,&nbsp;Barbara B. Bendlin,&nbsp;Adar Matatov,&nbsp;Tal Niv,&nbsp;Tamar Shamir,&nbsp;Ithamar Ganmore,&nbsp;Anthony Heymann,&nbsp;Mary Sano,&nbsp;Joseph Azuri,&nbsp;Michal Schnaider Beeri","doi":"10.1002/gps.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess the relationship of subtle preclinical cognitive changes with white matter microstructure and cortical volume in middle-aged adults at high AD risk due to a parental history.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants (<i>n</i> = 278) were AD patients' offspring from the Israel Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention study. Cognitively unimpaired-decliners (CU-D) were based on a linear regression model. In a subsample with MRI (<i>n</i> = 220), we examined relationships of CU-D with white matter (WM) microstructure (fractional anisotropy [FA] and mean diffusivity [MD]) and cortical volume in brain regions commonly affected in AD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CU-D participants had lower FA in the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) (<i>p</i> = &lt; 0.001) and higher MD in the SLF (<i>p</i> = &lt; 0.001), and cingulum adjacent to the corpus callosum (<i>p</i> = &lt; 0.001) and genu (<i>p</i> = 0.006) compared to cognitively unimpaired-stable (CU-S) participants. The groups did not differ in cortical brain volumes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CU-D participants had poorer WM microstructure in brain tracts affected early in AD. Early interventions can target individuals that fit the CU-D criteria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Loneliness, Social Isolation, and Social Support: A Gender-Disaggregated Analysis of Their Associations With Dementia and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults","authors":"Htet Lin Htun,&nbsp;Achamyeleh Birhanu Teshale,&nbsp;Haoxiong Sun,&nbsp;Joanne Ryan,&nbsp;Alice J. Owen,&nbsp;Robyn L. Woods,&nbsp;Raj C. Shah,&nbsp;Trevor T.-J. Chong,&nbsp;Rosanne Freak-Poli","doi":"10.1002/gps.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Limited evidence exists on the gender-specific impact of changes in loneliness, social isolation, and social support on dementia risk. We examined these changes and their relationships with dementia and cognitive decline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from over 12,000 community-dwelling Australians aged 70+ years without significant cognitive impairment at enrolment were analysed. Loneliness, social isolation, and social support were self-reported at baseline and ∼2 years later (social isolation and social support) or ∼3 years later (loneliness), classified as never, transient, incident, or persistent. Dementia diagnosis followed <i>DSM-IV</i> criteria, adjudicated by an expert panel. Gender-disaggregated Cox proportional hazards regressions were conducted, adjusting for age and other dementia risk factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At baseline, participants were aged 70–95 years (mean: 75.2 ± 4.3), with 54% being women. Overall, 81.1% of men and 71.7% of women reported never feeling lonely at baseline, while transient, incident, and persistent loneliness were experienced by 4.9%, 8.4%, and 5.5% of men and 8.5%, 11.6%, and 8.3% of women, respectively. Over a median 8-year follow-up, incident loneliness in men (HR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.08–2.13) and persistent loneliness in women (HR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.55–2.97) were associated with a greater dementia risk, compared to those who were never lonely. No increased risk was observed for transient loneliness. Despite the remarkably low prevalence of social isolation and poor social support in this initially healthy cohort, both were associated with cognitive decline (secondary outcome) but not with dementia risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Persistent loneliness in people aged 70+, especially in women, was associated with a higher risk of dementia and cognitive decline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Interventions to Support Carers of People With Dementia in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Frank Chen,&nbsp;Zhiwei Hu,&nbsp;Quan Li,&nbsp;Xuan Zheng,&nbsp;Meizhi Li,&nbsp;Maximilian Salcher-Konrad,&nbsp;Adelina Comas-Herrera,&nbsp;Martin Knapp,&nbsp;Cheng Shi,&nbsp;The STRiDE consortium","doi":"10.1002/gps.70054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70054","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Family and other carers of people with dementia can potentially benefit from training and support to reduce the negative impacts of caregiving and prevent harm to care recipients. While interventions for carers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are emerging, their effectiveness is not well understood. Through a systematic review and meta-analysis, the objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to support carers of people with dementia in improving the well-being of carers and their care recipients in LMICs.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This review, registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018106206), built on a systematic mapping of dementia interventions in LMICs under the Strengthening Responses to Dementia (STRiDE) project. It analysed evidence on interventions to support carers in these regions. Title and abstract screening, full-text review, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were each conducted by two reviewers independently, with disagreements resolved through group discussion. Pairwise meta-analyses were conducted, with robustness tested via leave-one-out analysis. Heterogeneity was explored using subgroup analysis, meta-regression and MetaForest. Medline, Embase, Global Health and PsycINFO (via Ovid) and CINAHL (via EBSCO) databases were searched. We included randomised control trials focused on carer well-being in LMICs, 2008–2022. Primary outcomes were perceived burden and depression; other health-related quantitative outcomes were collected.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;From 5228 records, 48 studies in English and Chinese were identified as eligible, reporting on 67 carer outcomes and 36 care recipient outcomes. Forty-one studies were at high risk of bias. Meta-analysis revealed statistically significant medium-to-large intervention effects on three key carer outcomes—perceived burden, depression, and anxiety—and on four major outcomes for people with dementia—neuropsychiatric symptoms, cognitive function, quality of life (QoL), and activities of daily living (ADL). These effects were larger than those typically observed in previous studies in high-income countries (HICs).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This review provides a comparative overview and summarises the characteristics of published interventions to support carers in LMICs. It reveals medium-to-large beneficial effects of the interventions on several key outcomes for carers and care recipients in LMICs. Future research employing more rigorous methodologies i","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Pharmacological Interventions for People With Dementia Who Live Alone: A Systematic Review","authors":"Sarah Polack,&nbsp;Georgia Bell,&nbsp;Barbora Silarova,&nbsp;Molly Hebditch,&nbsp;Alison Tingle,&nbsp;Andrew Sommerlad,&nbsp;Elena Portacolone,&nbsp;Kath Sykes,&nbsp;Naji Tabet","doi":"10.1002/gps.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Approximately one third of people with dementia live on their own and they face an increased risk of unmet needs and loneliness. This systematic review aimed to identify and describe non-pharmacological interventions that have been evaluated for people with dementia living alone and to examine the effectiveness of these interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Following PRISMA guidelines, six databases were systematically searched: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Social Care online, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Studies that reported on the impact or experience of an intervention for people with dementia living alone in the community (not long-term care) and that had been published since 2000 were included in the review. No restrictions were applied in terms of study design or outcome measures. Study risk of bias was assessed, and a narrative approach was used to synthesize findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirteen studies of 13 different interventions were included, grouped into five intervention categories: home-based dementia case/care management (<i>n</i> = 4), technology (<i>n</i> = 3), social (<i>n</i> = 3), cognitive (<i>n</i> = 2) and psychological (<i>n</i> = 1). There was one randomized controlled trial (RCT), and two economic evaluations that used data from RCTs. Most other studies were small-scale, and only two were evaluated to have low risk of bias. Most studies reported positive or mixed findings in terms of the intervention's impact on the person with dementia or aspects of feasibility. However, studies were heterogeneous in terms of intervention, study design, and outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review of a limited body of research highlights the potential for interventions to support people with dementia who live alone. It also identifies key evidence gaps and the need for more robust and comparable research to better understand what works, why, for who, and how. Involving people with dementia who live alone in the design, implementation, and evaluation of these interventions will be crucial to ensure that their needs and preferences are met.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Works Well for People With Dementia and Their Supporters From South Asian, African and Caribbean Communities in the UK: A Narrative Synthesis Systematic Review and Expert Consultations","authors":"Orii McDermott,&nbsp;Thea Sobers,&nbsp;Naaheed Mukadam,&nbsp;Abigail Rebecca Lee,&nbsp;Martin Orrell","doi":"10.1002/gps.70047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review aims to synthesise the evidence regarding the use and provision of dementia services and support for people with dementia and/or supporters from South Asian, African or Caribbean backgrounds living in the UK.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A narrative synthesis systematic review of the original research articles published up to April 2024 was conducted. A lay summary of the initial review findings was evaluated by experts-by-experience (<i>n</i> = 15) for scrutiny and to enable further discussions, to produce key recommendations for further developing dementia services.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 18 studies (16 qualitative and 2 mixed methods studies) met the full inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The review findings and experts-by-experience consultations highlighted that: (1) dementia is not openly discussed or disclosed within many diverse ethnic communities. This can lead to family carers and people with dementia feeling isolated and unsupported. (2) Mainstream dementia support services and hospitals often do not meet diverse communities' cultural and religious needs, and (3) home-based care supported by external care agencies can be helpful but ensuring consistency of care staff in their culturally appropriate care can be extremely difficult to ensure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Encouraging South Asian, African and Caribbean communities to increase their dementia knowledge is important. However, mainstream dementia support services also need to incorporate their cultural and religious essentials into care packages to encourage their help seeking behaviours and tackle dementia stigma. Collaborative service developments between the diverse communities, Health and Social Care providers and policy makers are essential to ensure equitable and culturally appropriate dementia care for diverse community members in the future.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Connectivity Changes Associated With Depression in Dementia With Lewy Bodies","authors":"Manon Querry,&nbsp;Anne Botzung,&nbsp;Marion Sourty,&nbsp;Elena Chabran,&nbsp;Léa Sanna,&nbsp;Paulo Loureiro de Sousa,&nbsp;Benjamin Cretin,&nbsp;Catherine Demuynck,&nbsp;Candice Muller,&nbsp;Alix Ravier,&nbsp;Benoît Schorr,&nbsp;Nathalie Philippi,&nbsp;Frédéric Blanc","doi":"10.1002/gps.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Depressive symptoms are frequent in the early stages of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and more than half of DLB patients would have a history of depression. Our study sought to investigate the functional connectivity (FC) changes associated with depressive symptoms in prodromal to mild DLB patients compared with controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MRI data were collected from 66 DLB patients and 18 controls. Depression was evaluated with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Resting-state FC (rsFC) was investigated with the CONN toolbox using a seed-based approach and both regression and comparison analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Correlations were found between the depression scores and the rsFC between fronto-temporal and primary visual areas in DLB patients (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05, FDR corrected). Depressed DLB patients also showed decreased rsFC within the salience network (SN), increased rsFC between the default mode network (DMN) and the language network (LN) and decreased rsFC between the cerebellar network (CN) and the fronto-parietal network (FPN) compared to non-depressed DLB patients (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05, uncorrected). Comparison analyses between antidepressant-treated and non-treated DLB patients highlighted FC changes in treated patients involving the SN, the DMN, the FPN and the dorsal attentional network (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05, uncorrected).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings revealed that depressive symptoms would especially be associated with rsFC changes between fronto-temporal and primary visual areas in DLB patients. Such alterations could contribute to difficulties in regulating emotions, processing biases towards negative stimuli, and self-focused ruminations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study is part of the cohort study AlphaLewyMA (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01876459)</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}