International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Criminal Trajectories Across the Dementia Timeline—A Nationwide Finnish Register Study","authors":"Milena Ginters, Tiina Talaslahti, Hannu Kautiainen, Risto Vataja, Anniina Palm, Henrik Elonheimo, Jaana Suvisaari, Nina Lindberg, Hannu Koponen","doi":"10.1002/gps.70131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70131","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this longitudinal register study was to examine the crime counts, crime incidence and timing of criminal activity in relation to the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Lewy body dementias (LBD). The objective was to analyse the associated risk factors and risk relations among the offender categories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We collected register data from Finnish nationwide registers (Finnish Care Register for Health Care and Finnish National Police Register) between 1998 and 2015. Mortality statistics were collected until the end of 2018 (Statistics Finland). Our study included a total of 92,189 patients, of whom 80,540 had AD, 1059 had FTD, and 10,590 had LBD. We examined the crimes committed by the study population before and after diagnosis. In the follow-up, we primarily focussed on the 4-year period and secondarily on the 10-year period after diagnosis. First, we measured the post-diagnostic crime rates in patients who had committed crimes before diagnosis and in those who had not; we also calculated the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of post-diagnosis crimes in these groups. Second, we calculated the cumulative incidence of first post-diagnoses crimes and investigated the risk of the first post-diagnoses crime by calculating the adjusted subhazard ratio (sHR) in pre-diagnosis offenders and non-offenders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most of the study population did not exhibit criminal behaviour before or after diagnosis. However, individuals who had engaged in criminal behaviour before diagnosis also showed a higher incidence of criminal activity in the 4-year period after diagnosis compared to patients with no criminal history prior to diagnosis. They also showed a steep increase in the cumulative incidence of the first post-diagnosis crime, particularly in the first 2 years after diagnosis. The age- and sex-adjusted sHR for the occurrence of the first post-diagnosis crime was 4.42 (95% confidence interval: 3.83–5.11) in AD, 4.36 (2.15–8.83) in FTD and 4.87 (3.88–6.12) in LBD in pre-diagnosis offenders versus non-offenders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with a history of criminal behaviour before diagnosis of a neurocognitive disorder showed higher rates and a higher risk of future criminal activity. The cumulative incidence rose steeply during the first 2 years after diagnosis and after more gradually. Criminal activity closer to the time of diagnosis, especially 1 year prior, was the ","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70131","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Prototype Rapid Tool to Enhance Detection of Dementia for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples in Primary Care","authors":"Huong X. T. Nguyen,&nbsp;Zoë Hyde,&nbsp;Kate Smith,&nbsp;Roslyn Malay,&nbsp;Leon Flicker,&nbsp;Rosie Watson,&nbsp;Kylie Radford,&nbsp;Sarah Russell,&nbsp;Rachel Quigley,&nbsp;Betty Sagigi,&nbsp;Edward Strivens,&nbsp;Adrienne Withall,&nbsp;Alison Timbery,&nbsp;Terrence Donovan,&nbsp;Brian Draper,&nbsp;Kim Delbaere,&nbsp;Louise Lavrencic,&nbsp;Robert Cumming,&nbsp;Jo-anne Hughson,&nbsp;Bridgette J. McNamara,&nbsp;Dina LoGiudice","doi":"10.1002/gps.70126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70126","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dementia is prevalent within Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities but clients attending primary care often remain undiagnosed. This project aimed to develop a rapid dementia screen for primary care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Logistic regression was used to identify candidate items from the Kimberley Indigenous Cognitive Assessment (KICA-Cog). The psychometric properties of different scales were assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and validated in a separate cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four items in the KICA-Cog demonstrated high sensitivity (82.6%), specificity (83.2%) and area under the curve (AUC = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.87–0.94) for dementia at a cut-off point of 7/8 out of 10. This scale has favourable psychometrics (sensitivity 87.5%, specificity 80.9%, AUC = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.85–0.98) when validated in separate cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proposed prototype tool, ready for community piloting and validation, may be useful in primary care to enable rapid cognitive screening as part of routine health care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144624498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators to Implementing Cognitive Stimulation and Reminiscence Therapy for Dementia in Care Homes: Systematic Review","authors":"Emily Fisher,&nbsp;Isobel Chick,&nbsp;Jane Fossey,&nbsp;Aimee Spector","doi":"10.1002/gps.70124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70124","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Psychosocial interventions play a vital role in addressing the complex needs of people with dementia in care homes. Cognitive stimulation and reminiscence therapy are recommended by the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence to support the cognition, independence, and wellbeing of people with dementia, and crucially, they can be delivered by care home staff or non-specialist interventionists. This review aims to explore factors that influence the implementation of cognitive stimulation and reminiscence therapy for people with dementia delivered by staff in care homes.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Ten electronic databases were searched between 2000 and April 2024. Two reviewers systematically appraised the studies for inclusion using pre-specified criteria and their quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) checklists. Data was analysed thematically using a deductive approach based on the updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), and findings were synthesised narratively.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Nine studies were included; three focussed on reminiscence therapy, and six on cognitive stimulation. All interventions were delivered in care homes by care home staff. Many studies were excluded because a research team member delivered the intervention. Overall, the quality of the studies was low. Key facilitators to implementation were the availability of standardised manuals or resources, the adaptability of interventions, and staff training and support. Barriers included a lack of staff time and availability and a lack of perceived support from care home management. Most studies collected quantitative outcomes, and a minority collected qualitative information about implementation experiences and perceptions of the intervention. No studies collected qualitative data from people with dementia or their carers.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The review highlights the field's reliance on research staff to deliver interventions rather than training and involving care home staff in evaluating interventions. Additionally, there is a lack of qualitative data from people with dementia and their families regarding their views, preferences, and experiences related to participating in psychosocial interventions in care homes. There is a pressing need for high-quality evidence on the implementation of interventions for dementia, which involves collaboration, consultation and ","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Facial Emotion Recognition and Executive Function Varies Depending on the Level of Cognitive Impairment","authors":"Michelle Brandt,&nbsp;Felipe Oliveira,&nbsp;Tatiana Belfort,&nbsp;Marcela Nogueira,&nbsp;Maria Alice Baptista,&nbsp;Isabel Lacerda,&nbsp;Aline Tavares de Lucena,&nbsp;Rogeria Rangel,&nbsp;Marcia Cristina Nascimento Dourado","doi":"10.1002/gps.70127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cognitive domains related to attention and executive functions (a set of cognitive processes that regulate, control, and manage other cognitive abilities) seem to influence the recognition of facial expressions in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examined the relationship between facial expression recognition, global cognition and executive function in people with AD according to their cognitive level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Research Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a cross-sectional design, we included 130 participants with AD divided into three groups based on their Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores: MMSE 1 (scores 23–28), MMSE 2 (scores 17–22), and MMSE 3 (scores 11–16). Facial expression recognition ability was analyzed using the Faces Test. Executive function was analyzed using the Trail Making Test (TMT), the Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), the Semantic Fluency Test (SFT), the Digit Span Forward (DSF) and Backward (DSB) tests, and the Clock Drawing Test (CDT).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In MMSE 1 group difficulties in divided attention and cognitive flexibility impacted the accuracy of facial expression recognition. In the MMSE 2 group, facial expression recognition was related to impairment in working memory. In the MMSE 3 group, the impact on facial expression recognition was directly related to visuoconstructive abilities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We observed that the executive resources involved in each evaluated group differed in terms of facial recognition task performance efficacy. Interventions at stimulating executive and visuoconstructive abilities in people with AD may contribute to better preservation of facial expression recognition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Beliefs About Medical and Non-Medical Interventions to Control Alzheimer’s Disease Among Latinos in New York City","authors":"Evelyn Tran,&nbsp;María Cabán,&nbsp;Alicia Meng,&nbsp;John B. Wetmore,&nbsp;Ruth Ottman,&nbsp;Karolynn Siegel","doi":"10.1002/gps.70128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70128","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Latinos experience significant health disparities for Alzheimer's disease (AD) with an increased likelihood in developing the disease relative to non-Latino Whites. Our study sought to examine Latinos' beliefs about controlling the symptoms and progression of AD to identify gaps in community knowledge and improve understanding of culturally based perceptions of health and illness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews in English or Spanish with 216 Latinos aged 40–60 years (average age 53 years) living in the neighborhoods of northern Manhattan. We asked them whether they believed there were interventions that could help control AD. The data was analyzed using content analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most participants viewed medications as important in the management of AD, though they had limited specific knowledge about existing medications for AD. Some participants thought herbal and nutritional supplements could have some benefits. Many believed activities for mental stimulation could help enhance cognitive functioning. A few suggested that a healthy diet and exercise could help slow the progression of AD. Some participants believed that emotional wellness and degree of support influenced AD progression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Limited knowledge of available medications and evidence-based non-medical approaches to control AD may adversely impact help-seeking behavior and use of effective management strategies among those with AD. Future interventions should strive to expand knowledge about ways to effectively manage and treat AD in Latino communities.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> The ClinicalTrials.gov ID is NCT04471779. The date registered was July 15, 2020</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144581822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost of Psychiatric Inpatient Treatment for Dementia in Switzerland: A Case-Level Analysis of Billing Data","authors":"Elena Bleibtreu,&nbsp;Florian Riese","doi":"10.1002/gps.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this study was to investigate the cost of care for patients with a primary diagnosis of dementia in Swiss hospitals under the new TARPSY reimbursement system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used a dataset of the Swiss hospital reimbursement system TARPSY from 2016 to 2019, including all relevant remuneration variables at the patient level, to investigate hospital costs. Costs were analyzed by geographic location and hospital type. Homogeneity coefficients were used to analyze case cost homogeneity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 7090 cases in the TARPSY database who were treated in Swiss hospitals under the primary diagnosis of dementia from 2016 to 2019. Of these, 6747 cases were included in our analysis. The total case costs and daily costs increased from 2016 to 2019, whereas the length of stay decreased. The average total case cost in 2019 was CHF 34,917 (<i>σ</i> = 32,926), corresponding to a daily cost of CHF 946 (<i>σ</i> = 373.44). Patients were treated for an average of 39.7 (<i>σ</i> = 32.40) days. In 2019, the total costs billed according to TARPSY for 57,939 days of hospital care for dementia as the primary diagnosis were CHF 51.3 million. The case costs differed by region and hospital type. Overall, cost homogeneity for total case cost as a proxy for the quality of the cost calculation was “satisfactory, sufficient” and did not show a clear trend towards improvement during the introduction of TARPSY.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analysis provides reliable, case-level cost data for dementia hospital treatment in Switzerland. The total cost of dementia treatment in psychiatric hospitals appears to be much lower than previous estimates had indicated. When correcting for changes in accounting practices, total case costs only increased modestly from 2016 to 2019.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An International Validation of the Stigma Impact Scale With People With Dementia","authors":"Jem Bhatt,&nbsp;Sara Evans-Lacko,&nbsp;Katrina Scior,&nbsp;Rob Saunders","doi":"10.1002/gps.70123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A robust psychometric instrument is imperative to measure the devastating impact of self-stigma in dementia to adequately inform policy and practice. Our objective was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Stigma Impact Scale in a global sample of people with dementia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were analysed from the World Alzheimer Report including 710 participants in 42 countries who completed the SIS. Detailed psychometric analyses of the SIS included estimating reliability, convergent validity with the Warwick-Edinburgh mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS) and the Dementia Quality of Life instrument (DQoL), the factor structure of the measure (through both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The SIS and its subscales had ‘good’ to ‘excellent’ internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha: 0.883–0.943). However, convergent validity correlations were not in the predicted direction; no significant correlations were noted between the SIS and the WEMWBS and DQoL. Factor analysis suggested marginal improvements in global fit indices for the observed model compared to the theoretical model, though none met the thresholds for acceptable fit. The final proposed model had three factors: rejection and secrecy, loneliness and belonging and perceived social isolation. Most SIS items were strongly endorsed by participants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The SIS is the most robustly tested instrument measuring self-stigma in dementia. The SIS has good to excellent reliability and relevance to the target population, however future work is required to improve the factor structure of the scale. Further the results of the validity testing pose a number of theoretical and empirical questions for future research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144550883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization Patterns and Clinical Factors Associated With Hospitalization in Early-Stage Dementia With Lewy Bodies","authors":"Kathryn A. Wyman-Chick,&nbsp;Ella A. B. Chrenka,&nbsp;Joseph P. M. Kane,&nbsp;Matthew J. Barrett,&nbsp;Michael J. Miller,&nbsp;John T. Schousboe,&nbsp;Ann M. Werner,&nbsp;Rebecca C. Rossom","doi":"10.1002/gps.70125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70125","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Characterize patterns of hospitalization and emergency department (ED) visits in early-stage dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed electronic health records and claims data from a U.S. healthcare system up to 3 years before/after initial diagnosis of DLB (<i>n</i> = 175), Alzheimer's disease (AD, <i>n</i> = 2478), or vascular dementia (VD, <i>n</i> = 513). Controls were randomly matched 3:1 with the DLB group on sex/age (<i>n</i> = 525). Generalized linear models were used to compare rates and types of utilization between diagnosis group with adjustment for patient characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with DLB had significantly greater rates of hospitalization and ED visits compared to patients with AD (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR): 1.46, 95% CI 1.24, 1.73, IRR: 1.46, 95% CI 1.29, 1.77, respectively) and controls (IRR: 1.77, 95% CI 1.46, 2.14, IRR: 2.21, 95% CI 1.82, 2.69, respectively) and ED visits compared to those with VD (IRR: 1.24, 95% CI 1.03, 1.50). Patients with DLB were over 50% more likely to have a hospitalization associated with falls compared to those with AD and VD (OR: 1.75, 95% CI 1.16, 2.62 OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.01, 2.48, respectively). Compared to patients with AD, DLB patients were found to have 2.9-time higher likelihood of experiencing at least one hospitalization (Odds Ratio: 2.89. 95% CI: 1.17, 6.45).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with DLB were substantially more likely to utilize ED services than patients with AD, VD, or controls, and more likely to experience hospitalizations compared to AD and control groups. Fall prevention and psychiatric treatment may be particularly important in reducing hospitalizations in early-stage DLB.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144550911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Combination of Physical Activity and Cognitive Games is Associated With Better Cognitive Performance and Gray Matter Volume in Older Adults","authors":"Ben Rattray,&nbsp;Joseph M. Northey,&nbsp;Disa J. Pryor,&nbsp;Allison A. M. Bielak,&nbsp;Kaarin J. Anstey,&nbsp;Nicolas Cherbuin","doi":"10.1002/gps.70121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70121","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Investigate whether engaging in cognitive and physical activity is associated with cognitive performance and gray matter volume. Specifically, this study investigated the role of both activity types performed in close temporal proximity to each other.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cognitively healthy older adults (<i>n</i> = 155; 73–78 years; 45% female) enrolled in the PATH Through Life study with valid cognitive, MRI and physical activity (PA) measures were included in the study. PA was objectively measured with a SenseWear Armband for 7 days. PA and cognitive engagement were self-reported through a 1-week activity diary. The number of 3-h periods in which ≥ 15 min of objective moderately vigorous physical activity (MVPA) &gt; 3METs, cognitive activity, or both occurred, were assessed. Cognitive game activity periods were also coded. Associations between activity engagement and outcome measures were assessed with hierarchical regression models while controlling for age, sex, and education.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For cognitive engagement, greater <i>activity diversity</i> was associated with better symbol digits modalities test performance (SDMT), while a greater number of <i>cognitive activity periods</i> were associated with better SDMT, and digit span backward performance. Greater <i>cognitive game periods</i> improved model fit for several cognitive outcomes and right hippocampal volume. <i>MVPA periods</i> were not associated with any outcome. The number of periods in which <i>cognitive activity and MVPA</i> were present together was associated with better immediate recall. Periods in which <i>cognitive games and MVPA</i> co-existed were associated with cognitive and volumetric outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings support the notion that both cognitive and physical activity are positively related to brain health. They highlight the potential importance of performing both activity types in close temporal proximity to support the aging brain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144550912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dementia Education and Training for the Multidisciplinary Student Healthcare Workforce: A Systematic Review","authors":"Malvika Muralidhar,&nbsp;Saskia Delray,&nbsp;Claudia Cooper,&nbsp;Sedigheh Zabihi,&nbsp;Sube Banerjee,&nbsp;Clarissa Giebel,&nbsp;Karen Harrison Dening,&nbsp;Yvonne Birks,&nbsp;Charlotte Kenten,&nbsp;Madeleine Walpert","doi":"10.1002/gps.70119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.70119","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To systematically review research evidence on the effectiveness of dementia education and training for health and social care students.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched electronic databases for primary research studies (published between 2015 and 2024), evaluating dementia training for health and social care students. We assessed risk of bias using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, prioritising studies scoring 4+ (higher quality) that reported significant findings on primary outcomes from controlled intervention trials. We reported outcomes using Kirkpatrick's framework. We consulted professional stakeholders in a focus group regarding how findings might inform practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>17/35 included studies were rated 4+ on the MMAT; only one met our criteria for priority evidence. An experiential programme for medical students, ‘Time for Dementia’, which combined skill-learning and reflective sessions with visits to people with dementia, was found to improve Kirkpatrick Level 2 (learning) outcomes, attitudes and knowledge over 2 years of participation; this was supported from findings from qualitative studies. Asynchronous, self-directed learning did not improve learning outcomes, relative to standard training. Though almost all training programmes incorporated lived experience, no patient reported outcomes were used to evaluate the impact of training. Nine focus group attendees agreed that the evidence reflected their experiences that consistent support, combined with skills-based and reflective sessions, optimised student learning from initial patient-focused encounters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Effective interventions increased confidence and enjoyment of dementia care encounters, and increased interest in careers in dementia specialities. Mandating evidence-based dementia skills programmes across specialities could ensure that students learn the skills and competencies required to be part of an effective future workforce and drive important improvements in care quality. Evidence based approaches to enhancing dementia education in training could include experiential learning modules in early years of medical school training and allied health and care professional training, using evidence-based approaches to teach communication skills and other essential dementia care skills within clinical placements, and providing dedicated supervision to support their implementation. Future research could usefully consider patient perspect","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}