International Journal of Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of dengue, Zika, and chikungunya virus infections among mosquitoes in Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Sarunya Maneerattanasak ,&nbsp;Thundon Ngamprasertchai ,&nbsp;Yin May Tun ,&nbsp;Narisa Ruenroengbun ,&nbsp;Prasert Auewarakul ,&nbsp;Kobporn Boonnak","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) continue to pose significant public health risks. This study aims to assess the prevalence of these arbovirus infections in field-caught mosquitoes across Asia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Studies published after the year 2000 on DENV, ZIKV, and/or CHIKV infections in Asian mosquitoes were identified from Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and Ovid. A random-effects model estimated the pooled prevalence, defined as the overall prevalence from included studies, adjusted for variability among the studies. Meta-regression models were used to evaluate the association between predictors and their prevalence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 2529 articles were retrieved; 57 met the inclusion criteria. Pooled prevalence of DENV, ZIKV, and CHIKV infections in Asian mosquitoes were 5.85%, 2.15%, and 1.26%, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed varying DENV prevalence across regions: East Asia (3.32%), South Asia (5.26%), and Southeast Asia (6.92%). Univariate regression analysis demonstrated significant associations between mosquito capture site and DENV prevalence (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and between study region and ZIKV prevalence (<em>P</em> = 0.005). However, no significant predictors were identified for CHIKV prevalence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings provide reference pooled summary estimates of arbovirus infections in mosquitoes, offering crucial insight into the regional disease burden and - guidance in the development and implementation of arbovirus surveillance in mosquitoes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224002972/pdfft?md5=f5f02d1adc75bcb5a25ac4844afe3ff5&pid=1-s2.0-S1201971224002972-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The WHO mpox public health emergency of international concern declaration: Need for reprioritisation of global public health responses to combat the MPXV Clade I epidemic","authors":"S.S. Lee ,&nbsp;T. Traore ,&nbsp;A. Zumla","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107227","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224002984/pdfft?md5=f0535270b5122f9c70bce12d9f943290&pid=1-s2.0-S1201971224002984-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extensive low-density Plasmodium falciparum reservoir in the island of Príncipe, an isolated malaria pre-elimination setting","authors":"Taís Nóbrega de Sousa ,&nbsp;Patricia Carneiro Machado ,&nbsp;Inês Lopes ,&nbsp;Edvaldo Das Neves ,&nbsp;Alda Narciso ,&nbsp;Anastácio Pires ,&nbsp;Adalberto Santos ,&nbsp;Maria Jesus Trovoada ,&nbsp;José Pedro Gil ,&nbsp;Dinora Lopes","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The isolated Príncipe is at the malaria pre-elimination stage. Autochthonous clinical cases have been reported sporadically on the island, signaling the possibility of a sizable subpatent (i.e., rapid diagnostic test- and microscopy-negative and polymerase chain reaction [PCR]-positive) parasite reservoir.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Asymptomatic low-density infections were detected by quantitative PCR (qPCR) targeting <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> multicopy genes (<em>pfr364</em> and <em>varATS</em>). Positivity rates were assayed for samples surveyed by active case detection (n = 112) and reactive case detection (n = 221) in 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>qPCR unveiled 70% of low parasitemia carriers, reaching &gt;90% in reactive case detection. The high <em>P. falciparum</em> prevalence was confirmed by the two high-sensitivity qPCR protocols. Higher positivity rates were observed in the localities where most malaria cases were reported in 2022. Most parasitemias were very low (&lt;2 <em>Pf</em> /µl).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings suggest that pre-elimination surveillance can benefit from the routine application of highly sensitive tools to unveil otherwise invisible but potentially relevant parasite populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224002911/pdfft?md5=b8c8e732ef8e7baff0fd55d9951f758f&pid=1-s2.0-S1201971224002911-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142092856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melampsora spondylitis presenting with unexplained low back pain: A case report","authors":"Weijian Zhu ,&nbsp;Sirui Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhihao Xu ,&nbsp;Zhiying Yang ,&nbsp;Jinming Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Spondylitis is a spinal infection which has been increasing in susceptible populations globally. This disease is caused by various microorganisms. Fungal spondylitis is rare in clinical practice and is strongly associated with immunosuppression and diabetes. Here, we report a case of suspected ca <em>Melampsora</em> spondylitis.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>A patient was suspected with <em>Melampsora</em> spondylitis at the L3-S1 level. The patient received two surgical operations and antifungal treatments. The next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of the tissue specimen obtained during the two surgical procedures confirmed the diagnosis of <em>Melampsora</em> spondylitis. The patient was successfully treated with voriconazole, vancomycin, and meropenem following surgical debridement with pedicle screw internal fixation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The diagnosis of fungal spondylitis is often delayed or missed. Physicians should consider fungal spondylitis in the differential diagnosis of neck pain to facilitate early treatment and prevent spinal cord injury and disability. Although fungal infections often occur in immunocompromised patients, fungal spondylitis has also been reported in immunocompetent patients in recent years. In addition, <em>Candida albicans</em> is usually considered a common bacterium in fungal spondylitis. This case underscores the need to develop more advanced diagnostic and therapeutic techniques to identify the pathogenic bacteria associated with fungal spondylitis besides <em>Candida albicans</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142092857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppressed HIV antibody responses following exposure to antiretrovirals—evidence from PrEP randomized trials and early antiretroviral treatment initiation studies","authors":"Vivian I. Avelino-Silva ,&nbsp;Mars Stone ,&nbsp;Sonia Bakkour ,&nbsp;Clara Di Germanio ,&nbsp;Michael Schmidt ,&nbsp;Ashtyn L. Conway ,&nbsp;David Wright ,&nbsp;Eduard Grebe ,&nbsp;Brian Custer ,&nbsp;Steven H. Kleinman ,&nbsp;Xutao Deng ,&nbsp;Jairam R. Lingappa ,&nbsp;Patricia Defechereux ,&nbsp;Megha Mehrotra ,&nbsp;Robert M. Grant ,&nbsp;Sandhya Vasan ,&nbsp;Shelley Facente ,&nbsp;Nittaya Phanuphak ,&nbsp;Carlo Sacdalan ,&nbsp;Siriwat Akapirat ,&nbsp;Philip J. Norris","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Exposure to antiretrovirals at or early after HIV acquisition can suppress viral replication and blunt antibody (Ab) responses; a reduced HIV detectability could impact diagnosis and blood donation screening.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We used three antigen (Ag)/Ab assays and one nucleic acid test (NAT) to analyze samples collected in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) trials (iPrEx; Partners PrEP) before infection detection by Ab-only rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), and in early antiretroviral treatment (ART) initiation studies (RV254; SIPP).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Reactivity using NAT and Ag/Ab assays in samples collected up to 8 weeks prior to the first reactive RDT from 251 PrEP trials participants varied between 49-61% for active PrEP users and between 27-37% for placebo users. Among RV254 participants, reactivity in Ag/Ab assays was &lt;100% at all timepoints, and lower among those initiating ART earlier. Seroreversions occurred for 29% (16/55), and blood donation screening with NAT and Ag/Ab assays could have missed up to 36% (20/55) of RV254 participants. For SIPP participants, who started ART at later timepoints, Ag/Ab assays identified infections with no evidence of reactivity waning.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>PrEP and early ART initiation can delay or reduce HIV detectability. Considerations for the implementation of NAT and Ag/Ab tests in PrEP/PEP programs relying on Ab-only RDTs should be balanced according to feasibility and public health impact. While blood transfusion services using Ab-only RDTs for HIV screening should adopt higher sensitivity tests, surveillance and further research are needed to determine the need for novel HIV testing algorithms for those already using NAT and Ag/Ab screening assays.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224002935/pdfft?md5=bb73c10e230dd58ca83c51bd422ba212&pid=1-s2.0-S1201971224002935-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142072784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solid organ transplant in recipients with ongoing SARS-CoV-2 infection: A systematic review of case reports and series","authors":"Andrea Lombardi ,&nbsp;Marta Colaneri ,&nbsp;Cecilia Azzarà ,&nbsp;Paola Saltini ,&nbsp;Giulia Viero ,&nbsp;Emanuele Palomba ,&nbsp;Simona Biscarini ,&nbsp;Andrea Gori ,&nbsp;Alessandra Bandera","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Whether solid organ transplant (SOT) can be safely performed in recipients with ongoing SARS-CoV-2 infection is still a debated question.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic review of the literature on recipients with ongoing SARS-CoV-2 infection at the time of surgery and the associated outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>From 29 studies, we identified 54 recipients; their median age was 47.5 years, and over half (23/54, 54.85%) were affected by fewer than two comorbidities. Kidney was the most common transplanted organ (24/54, 44.4%). SOT was performed without knowing the ongoing infection in 11.1% (6/54) of patients. On average, 16.1 (SD 23.2) days elapsed between SARS-CoV-2 infection and SOT, with a mean Ct value at diagnosis and transplantation of 29 and 31.9, respectively. Most patients (25/39,64.1%) had received previous COVID-19 vaccinations. Twenty-four patients (45.3%) received an anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapy. Ten patients (18.5%) required oxygen support, while seven (13.7%) were admitted to the intensive care unit. There were two reported cases (3.7%) of all-cause death, while there were no cases of COVID-19-related death.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Deliberate SOT of recipients with ongoing SARS-CoV-2 is performed worldwide in candidates of nonlung transplant who are fit, immunized against the virus, and displaying a nonsevere disease course. No COVID-19-related deaths were recorded.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224002856/pdfft?md5=c749bd6e312ddd3bb725130e1935b9dd&pid=1-s2.0-S1201971224002856-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142046602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis burden at the village level in selected high visceral leishmaniasis endemic upazilas in Bangladesh","authors":"Debashis Ghosh ,&nbsp;Soumik Kha Sagar ,&nbsp;Md Rasel Uddin ,&nbsp;Md Utba Rashid ,&nbsp;Shomik Maruf ,&nbsp;Rupen Nath ,&nbsp;Md Nazmul Islam ,&nbsp;MM Aktaruzzaman ,&nbsp;Abu Nayeem Mohammad Sohel ,&nbsp;Megha Raj Banjara ,&nbsp;Axel Kroeger ,&nbsp;Abraham Aseffa ,&nbsp;Dinesh Mondal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>As post kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (PKDL) threatens the success of the Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) elimination initiative, we aimed to investigate the PKDL burden, including an active search for PKDL in leprosy-negative skin lesion cases. We also investigated their health-seeking behavior and perceived level of stigma.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was a cross-sectional survey among inhabitants in the VL-endemic villages of the five most VL-endemic upazilas. VL experts trained medical officers in Upazila Health Complexes (UHCs) and leprosy facilities in PKDL management. Frontline workers conducted house-to-house surveys, referring PKDL suspects to designated centers. Data analysis involved Epi Info version 7 and IBM SPSS Statistics 25.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 472,435 screened individuals, 4022 had past VL (0.85 %). Among the screened population, 82 were PKDL suspects, and 62 PKDL cases were confirmed. The overall PKDL burden was 1.3 (95 % CI: 1.0-1.7) in the 10,000 population in the endemic villages. Male predominance and macular form of PKDL were observed. Thirty-nine PKDL patients perceived stigma of different levels. Only 27 of 62 (44 %) had received PKDL treatment. Medicine's unavailability and side effects were a major reason behind treatment interruption. Active screening among 137 leprosy-negative PKDL suspects yielded 10 (7.3 %) PKDL cases.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The existence of PKDL cases in the VL endemic areas is a concern as those are inter-epidemic reservoirs. As per the WHO roadmap, the PKDL burden must be reduced by 70 % and 100 %, respectively, by 2026 and 2030. NKEP can take the current burden of 1.3 per 10,000 people in VL endemic villages as a baseline. Integrating active case detection for PKDL in leprosy hospitals and screening centers is feasible and worth deploying nationwide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224002844/pdfft?md5=7bd355eb36158b3482160f0c84ab058c&pid=1-s2.0-S1201971224002844-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142046601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolving molecular HIV clusters revealed genotype-specific dynamics in Guangzhou, China (2008-2020)","authors":"Huanchang Yan ,&nbsp;Yefei Luo ,&nbsp;Hao Wu ,&nbsp;Mingyu Chen ,&nbsp;Shunming Li ,&nbsp;Zhenming Tian ,&nbsp;Guanyang Zou ,&nbsp;Shixing Tang ,&nbsp;Paul W. Bible ,&nbsp;Yuantao Hao ,&nbsp;Jing Gu ,&nbsp;Zhigang Han ,&nbsp;Yu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study investigated the genotype-specific dynamics of molecular HIV clusters (MHCs) in Guangzhou, China, aiming to enhance HIV control.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>HIV <em>pol</em> sequences from people with HIV (PWH) in Guangzhou (2008-2020) were obtained for genotyping and molecular network creation. MHCs were identified and categorized into three types: emerging, growing, or stable. Clustering rates, proportions of cluster types, and members within each type were calculated and their trends were assessed using joinpoint regression.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 8395 PWH, the most prevalent HIV-1 genotypes were CRF07_BC (39.7%) and CRF01_AE (32.6%). The genotype composition has been stable since 2012 (<em>P</em>s &gt; 0.05). The overall clustering rate was 43.3%, with significant variations across genotypes (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), indicating genotype-specific transmission fitness. Significant declines in overall and genotype-specific clustering rates toward the end of 2020 (<em>P</em>s &lt; 0.05), potentially offer support for HIV control efforts in reducing local infections. The continuously increasing proportions of stable clusters and the gradually decreasing proportions of emerging and growing clusters (either <em>P</em>s &lt; 0.05 or <em>P</em>s &gt; 0.05) suggest a trend toward stable molecular network structure. However, growing clusters exhibited CRF55_01B, CRF07_BC, and CRF59_01B dominance that indicate their priority for interventions.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The evolving MHCs highlight the genotype-specific cluster dynamics, providing fresh insights for enhanced prevention and control strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224002893/pdfft?md5=ec582a996826d92f9727167523a24a82&pid=1-s2.0-S1201971224002893-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142055490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The curfew bell and the COVID-19 pandemic: A historical–medical perspective based on the Italian case","authors":"Francesco Maria Galassi ,&nbsp;Luigi Cofone ,&nbsp;Ivano Pindinello ,&nbsp;Domenico Ribatti ,&nbsp;David L. Smith ,&nbsp;Mauro Vaccarezza ,&nbsp;Elena Varotto","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present communication examines the phenomenon of curfew in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic with special attention being laid on the management of the epidemic by Italian health authorities. A literature review and a historical–medical analysis were performed. A historical–medical excursus on the word curfew is offered and a comparison between military and health scenarios is given. Finally, this article stresses how words connected with wartime events should be contextualized when adopted in unmilitary scenarios such as pandemic emergencies and related public health responses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971224002881/pdfft?md5=e6ea60ca813e8eccf5fb8da9e2859853&pid=1-s2.0-S1201971224002881-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142046603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between saliva use for masturbation and urethral gonorrhoea in men who have sex with men: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Julien Tran ,&nbsp;Christopher K. Fairley ,&nbsp;Jason J. Ong ,&nbsp;Ei T. Aung ,&nbsp;Eric P.F. Chow","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The saliva of individuals with oropharyngeal gonorrhoea can contain viable Neisseria gonorrhoeae. This study examined if using saliva as a lubricant for masturbation is a risk factor for urethral gonorrhoea among men who have sex with men (MSM).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this cross-sectional study, MSM aged ≥18 years attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre between February 2021 and December 2023 were surveyed. Data were collected on sexual activities in the past 7 days, including receiving fellatio, condomless insertive anal sex, docking, and using saliva for masturbation. Multivariable logistic regression examined associations between these exposures and urethral gonorrhoea.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The median age of the 3114 men was 32 (IQR: 27-40), with 4.7% (n = 145) testing positive for urethral gonorrhoea. Urethral gonorrhoea was independently associated with an increasing number of partners for condomless insertive anal sex (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). It was not significantly associated with receiving fellatio (<em>P</em> = 0.613), docking (<em>P</em> = 0.207), or using saliva for masturbation (<em>P</em> = 0.117). However, of the 110 men who only used saliva for masturbation, two (1.8%) had urethral gonorrhoea, and one (0.9%) had both urethral and oropharyngeal gonorrhoea.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Condomless insertive anal sex is the leading risk factor for urethral gonorrhoea and not using saliva as a lubricant for masturbation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S120197122400290X/pdfft?md5=19c16f2b3073c0790ad4a98a5939c989&pid=1-s2.0-S120197122400290X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142055489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}