International Journal of Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Low utilization of targeted tuberculosis (TB) infection testing in the United States: A 15-year serial cross-sectional study.","authors":"Jorge R Ledesma, Yuching Ni, Jacek Skarbinski","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In California, 82% of new tuberculosis (TB) cases occur among people born in TB-endemic countries. Guidelines recommend targeted TB infection (TBI) testing based on risk factors (e.g., birth in a TB-endemic country, immunosuppression), but comprehensive evaluations of testing practices are limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a serial cross-sectional study of adult Kaiser Permanente Northern California members from 2008-2023 to assess TBI testing and factors associated with testing and interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 6,572,233 adults, 1,405,896 (21.4%) were tested for TBI. However, 78.1% of tests were among people without TB risk factors. The overall testing rate improved slightly from 5.21 per 100 in 2008 to 6.71 in 2023. People born in TB-endemic countries had 25.2% (24.8-25.5%) lower prevalence of testing compared to US-born persons. Other risk factors were associated with higher testing including close TB contact (aPR=2.66 [2.62-2.70]), homelessness (aPR=1.36 [1.33-1.38]), and HIV infection (aPR=3.58 [3.53-3.63]). Among those tested, individuals from TB-endemic countries were 63.2% (62.0-64.4%) more likely to receive an IGRA than US-born persons.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite guideline recommendations, TBI testing disproportionately overlooks people born in TB-endemic countries while over testing those without risk factors, highlighting a critical gap between evidence and practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107988"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SHARP INCREASE IN THE INCIDENCE AND SEVERITY OF INVASIVE STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN AFTER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC (2019-2023): A NATIONWIDE MULTICENTER STUDY.","authors":"Elvira Cobo-Vázquez, David Aguilera-Alonso, David Grandioso-Vas, Anna Gamell, Victoria Rello-Saltor, Manuel Oltra-Benavent, Eloisa Cervantes, Francisco Sanz-Santaeufemia, Jaime Carrasco-Colom, Ángela Manzanares-Casteleiro, Laura Martín-Pedraz, Eva Ramírez de Arellano, Lola Falcón-Neira, Leticia Martínez-Campos, Elena Colino-Gil, Beatriz Jiménez-Montero, Olga Calavia, Anna Hernandez-Ventura, Elena Del Castillo-Navío, Vanesa Matías-Del Pozo, Laura Calle-Miguel, Beatriz Soto, Berta Fernández, Filip Camil-Olteanu, Marta Pareja-León, Nuria López-Segura, Fátima Ara-Montojo, Beatriz Ruiz-Sáez, Cristina Calvo-Monge, María Sánchez-Códez, Teresa Reinoso, Katie Badillo, Carmen Vázquez, Pilar Villalón, Jesús Oteo-Iglesias, Isabel Mellado-Sola, Emilia Cercenado, Daniel Blázquez-Gamero, Ana Measalvas, Maria José González-Abad, Borja Guarch, Mercedes Ibáñez-Alcalde, Begoña Carazo, Mayli Lung, Cristina Calvo, Jesús Saavedra-Lozano","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>A global surge in pediatric invasive group A streptococcal infection (iGAS) was reported after autumn 2022. This study analyzed the epidemiology and severity of iGAS in Spain, comparing two periods; P1: pre-outbreak (January 2019-September 2022) versus P2: outbreak (October 2022-July 2023).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children ≤16 years with iGAS enrolled in the Spanish PedGAS-net (2019-2023), were included. Bacterial isolates were analyzed for emm typing, antibiotic susceptibility, and whole genome sequencing. Multivariate analysis identified risk factors for PICU admission and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>558 cases were included; 307 (55.1%) were male, with a median age of 43.9 months (IQR:19.3-84.1). There were significantly more iGAS in P2 (35.7 vs. 4.5 cases/month, p<0.001), with higher PICU admissions (51.3% vs. 30.8%, p<0.001). Pneumonia was the most common syndrome (32.3%), with pleural effusion in 58.3%. Of the 130 samples available for emm-typing, the most frequent were emm1 (56.1%) and emm12 (27.1%). 245 (43.9%) required PICU admission. Factors associated with PICU were streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS), pneumonia, necrotizing fasciitis, acute kidney failure, and previous consultation before diagnosis. The emm1 (especially M1_UK) increased PICU risk. 11 children (2.0%) died. STSS, sepsis, and central nervous system infection were associated with mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In Spain, pediatric iGAS cases sharply increased during 2022-2023, with a remarkable increase in severity. Epidemiological surveillance of iGAS remains crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107982"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Class switch towards IgG2 and IgG4 is more pronounced in BNT162b2 compared to mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccinees.","authors":"Alex S Siebner, Johanna Griesbaum, Kelsey E Huus, Judith Flügge, Kristina Hopfensperger, Tanja Michel, Nicole Schneiderhan-Marra, Daniel Sauter, Peter G Kremsner, Ruth E Ley, Alex Dulovic, Meral Esen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 induces antibodies that reduce the risk of severe disease. Since IgG subclasses differ in their ability to activate complement, to bind Fc receptors and neutralize viruses, it is crucial to understand how IgG subclass responses differ between vaccine platforms.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 binding antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 trimeric spike protein, receptor-binding domain (RBD) and S1/S2 subunits responses were quantified using a multiplex immunoassay, following a booster dose of either BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) or mRNA-1273 (Moderna) in a healthy cohort (n=165) who had received two prior vaccine doses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Boosting increased all subclass IgG levels, except for S1-specific IgG1 and S2-specific IgG2. However, IgG2 and IgG4 levels were significantly higher in BNT162b2 compared to mRNA-1273 vaccinees (P = 0.0313 (IgG2 S) and P = 0.0106 (IgG4 RBD), P = 0.0070 (IgG4 S1)). Individuals who had previously received a non-mRNA vaccination showed no significant increase in IgG2 (P = 0.4909 (S) and IgG4 (P = 0.0607(S)) post-boost.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vaccine-specific differences post-booster vaccination were identified and may drive the class-switch between IgG2 and IgG4 responses. Given their different roles, these subtle differences may ultimately also affect long-term immunity and protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107990"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-pregnancy vaccination with inactivated vaccines protects SARS-CoV-2-exposed neonates from respiratory distress.","authors":"Yiwei Zhang, Jianbin Guo, Yaqian Li, Yingna Song, Guoyun Wang, Lan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emerging evidence from prior studies suggests that prenatal exposure to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) may trigger an inflammatory cascade within the neonatal airway. However, the potential impact of maternal inactivated COVID-19 vaccination prior to pregnancy on neonatal respiratory outcomes remains poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study analyzed 329 neonates exposed to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in utero from 322 pregnant women to evaluate neonatal outcomes based on maternal vaccination status. The primary outcome was neonatal respiratory distress (RD), with secondary outcomes including infant respiratory tract infections (RTIs) and growth parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall incidence of RD among 329 neonates was 6·1% (20/329). Neonates born to unvaccinated mothers exhibited a significantly higher risk of RD 14% compared to those born to vaccinated mothers 4% (OR = 3·48, 95% CI: 1·31-9·30). However, Longitudinal analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between groups in either SARS-CoV-2 infection rates (HR=1.89, 95%CI:0.80-4.45) or RTIs incidence (HR=1.18, 95%CI:0.72-1.93) throughout the first year of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Maternal COVID-19 vaccination prior to pregnancy provides protective benefits against neonatal RD following in utero exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Nevertheless, such vaccination does not prevent postnatal SARS-CoV-2 infection or confer cross-protection against RTIs during infancy.໿.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107978"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of fatal haemorrhagic fever associated with tick-borne encephalitis virus infection.","authors":"Aleksander Rygh Holten, Andreas Wigmostad Bjerkhaug, Urusha Maharjan, Rikard Rykkvin, Thijs Hagen, Børre Fevang, Else Quist-Paulsen, Liv Hesstvedt, Hanne Regine Hognestad, Kristian Alfsnes, Åshild Kristine Andreassen, Oona Dunlop","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a vector-borne orthoflavivirus responsible for monophasic or biphasic disease with central nervous system manifestations. A middle-aged, severely immunocompromised woman became gradually more febrile after a forest hike. She was admitted to hospital with thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and elevated liver enzymes as well as ecchymosis on the truncus. During her hospitalization, she experienced repeated severe haemorrhages from different retroperitoneal blood vessels. Despite successful embolization of the bleeding vessels, she died in circulatory shock due to compression of the inferior vena cava from large retroperitoneal hematomas. Autopsy did not reveal any sign of encephalitis. TBEV was detected in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid by PCR. Whole genome sequencing demonstrated clustering with the Kumlinge A52 isolates from Finland, a variant of European TBE.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107989"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparable Effectiveness of MF59®-Adjuvanted and High-Dose Quadrivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccines for Prevention of Test-Confirmed Influenza During the 2022-2023 Influenza Season.","authors":"Mahrukh Imran, Benjamin Chastek, Tim Bancroft, Noah Webb, Stephen I Pelton, Mendel D M Haag, Ian McGovern","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Adjuvanted and higher-dose influenza vaccines are recommended by the US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for adults ≥65 years. This study estimated the relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of adjuvanted quadrivalent influenza vaccine (aQIV) versus high-dose QIV (HD-QIV) in preventing test-confirmed influenza in US adults ≥65 years during the 2022-2023 season.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a retrospective test-negative design, electronic health records and claims data from the Optum Market Clarity database were used to identify adults ≥65 years who received aQIV or HD-QIV and were tested for influenza associated with acute respiratory or febrile illness in any setting or during emergency department visits or inpatient admissions (ED/inpatient). A doubly robust model was used, combining inverse probability of treatment weighting and logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 4,228,481 adults ≥65 years who received aQIV or HD-QIV, 30,911 were tested for influenza and met selection criteria (2,361 cases; 28,550 controls). The rVE of aQIV vs. HD-QIV was -2.5% (95% CI, -13.4% to 7.4%) in any setting and 0.0% (95% CI, -15.9% to 13.7%) in ED/inpatient settings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Similar to previous studies, aQIV and HD-QIV provided comparable protection against test-confirmed influenza in any setting, including ED/inpatient, aligning with ACIP and other recommendations for adults ≥65 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107983"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Trends in Tuberculosis and Time from Enrollment in Care to Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation: A Multi-country Cohort Study from Latin America.","authors":"Bryan E Shepherd, Zhuohui Liang, Ahra Kim, Carina Cesar, Valdilea G Veloso, Claudia P Cortes, Marco T Luque, Brenda Crabtree-Ramirez, Eduardo Gotuzzo, Karu Jayathilake, Jessica L Castilho, Jean W Pape, Timothy R Sterling, Serena P Koenig","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV treatment guidelines have evolved to recommend rapid antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. Data on the impact of these changes in the Americas region are scarce.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included data from CCASAnet sites in Brazil, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, and Peru. ART-naïve adults who started ART from 2006 to 2022 were included. Trends in CD4 count, tuberculosis (TB), and treatment initiation were described using cumulative probability and logistic and Cox regression models.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>29,881 PLWH met inclusion criteria; 2179 (7.3%) were diagnosed with prevalent TB and 379 (1.2%) with incident TB within six months after ART initiation. For individuals without TB, enrollment CD4 count increased from 160 to 320 cells/mm³. Over the study period, TB prevalence declined from peak of 9.4% to 5.4%, and incident TB from 1.5% to 0.8%. Median time to ART initiation decreased from 476 to 1 day for PLWH without TB, and 98 to 16 days for those with prevalent TB; time to TB treatment also decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Time to ART initiation has decreased in the CCASAnet consortium, with the majority of PLWH now starting ART within a week after enrollment. There has also been a decline in the prevalence and incidence of concurrent TB disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107979"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pneumococcal bacteremia with Howell-Jolly bodies on peripheral blood smear in a patient with overwhelming sepsis.","authors":"Hiroshi Yamamoto, Ryuichi Minoda Sada, Daisuke Kanda, Yusuke Katayama, Go Yamamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107980","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107980"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytologic Bloom: A Candidal Garden in a Pap Smear.","authors":"Wubshet Assefa Tesema, Tsion Tigabu Mekonnen, Mihret Aregahegne Tesfamickael","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107981","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107981"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Surge of Mpox in Sierra Leone: Public Health Challenges.","authors":"James Riak Mathiang, Foday Sahr, Ibrahim Franklyn Kamara, Rashid Ansumana, Mohamed Kemoh Rogers, Shui Shan Lee, Moses J Bockarie","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107987","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107987"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}