International Journal of Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Chlamydia trachomatis co-infection and cervical cancer risk in HPV-positive women: a cross-sectional and histological case-control study.","authors":"Yu Zhou, Wenbo Lei, Yewei Yang, Zhongyu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To characterise Chlamydia trachomatis (CT)-HPV co-infection and test whether CT positivity is associated with cervical cancer in HPV-positive women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a two-component retrospective study at two southern Chinese tertiary hospitals (January 2022-June 2025). Component 1 comprised 21,205 women tested for CT and HPV. Component 2 comprised 100 HPV-positive invasive cervical cancers and 100 HPV-positive non-neoplastic controls, with CT detected by pgp3-PCR on tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CT positivity was 3.36%, HPV 21.27%, co-infection 1.29%. CT was associated with HPV positivity (OR 2.38, 95% CI 2.04-2.78) in five of six age strata. Eight of 28 genotypes were associated with CT after Benjamini-Hochberg correction; HPV52, HPV58 and HPV53 were not (OR 0.92-1.30). CT-positive women had more multiple-genotype infections (45.1% vs 32.1%; OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.36-2.22). CT co-infection was associated with cancer risk (36% vs 18%; age-adjusted OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.31-4.88; HPV16-adjusted OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.08-4.89) and with high-grade tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte infiltration (exploratory; age-adjusted OR 2.75, 95% CI 1.07-7.08).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CT co-infection was associated with HPV positivity across the screened population and, at tissue level, with cervical cancer in HPV-positive women. The CT-HPV association was genotype-selective. Whether CT is a modifiable cofactor in HPV-positive women warrants prospective evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"109190"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Predict → Confirm → Act Framework for AI-Augmented MDRO Control Across Hospitals and Long-Term Care Facilities.","authors":"Fabio Borgonovo, Giovanni Scaglione, Alberto Rizzo, Miriam Russell, Emanuele Palomba, Marta Colaneri, Cristina Pagani, Sara Rimoldi, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Matteo Bassetti, Elie F Berbari, Andrea Gori","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) control depends on identifying colonized patients and emerging transmission events early enough to intervene, without overwhelming infection prevention and control (IPC) teams or unnecessarily isolating patients. Predictive models using electronic health records, microbiology data, patient movement, and genomic information may support this task. We propose a practical Predict → Confirm → Act framework for artificial intelligence (AI)-augmented infection control across hospitals and long-term care facilities. In this framework, AI generates risk signals; microbiology, genomic data, and epidemiological review provide confirmation; and IPC teams apply proportionate actions such as targeted screening, preemptive precautions, cohorting, environmental investigation, or de-escalation. The framework is model-agnostic and is intended to shift attention away from algorithmic performance alone toward bedside and unit-level decisions. Safe implementation requires local threshold calibration, named alert ownership, microbiological confirmation pathways, de-escalation rules, prospective monitoring, and evaluation using IPC-relevant outcomes, including additional carriers detected, time to isolation, MDRO acquisition, isolation days avoided, alert burden, and unintended consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"109187"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149193332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-clearance of cervical precancerous lesions and associated factors among women living with HIV in Uganda, 2020-2023.","authors":"Bridget Ainembabazi, Kevin Ouma Ojiambo, Richard Migisha, Julius Ssempiira, Fatumah Nalubega, Daniel Kadobera, Joseph Kabanda, Estella Birabwa, Tamara Nsubuga-Nyombi, Mina Nakawuka, Alex Riolexus Ario, Julius N Kalamya","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We assessed the proportion of women living with HIV (WLHIV) with non-clearance of cervical precancerous lesions following a positive visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) test, and treatment in Uganda from October 2020 to September 2023, and examined associated factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cervical precancerous lesions were defined by a positive VIA result. Non-clearance was defined as a positive VIA result one year after screening and treatment. Treatment modalities included thermocoagulation, loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP), and cryotherapy. We used a two-stage stratified cluster sample design and applied sampling weights to account for differential selection probabilities. All reported percentages and statistical estimates are weighted unless otherwise specified. Factors associated with non-clearance were assessed using modified Poisson regression, with adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Treatment type was analyzed descriptively due to small numbers of women receiving cryotherapy and LEEP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age was 36.3 years (standard deviation [SD]=7.6), and mean duration on antiretroviral therapy (ART) was 7.5 (SD=4.9) years. Most participants 807 (95.5%) were on first-line ART, and 770 (91.1%) were virally suppressed. Non-clearance was 17.1% (95% CI:10.3%-27.01%). Non-clearance was associated with second line ART (aRR=3.54, 95% CI: 2.40-5.23), p<0.01) and urban residence (aRR=1.68, 95% CI:1.00-2.83, p=0.049).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Non-clearance occurred in 17.1% of WLHIV, a proportion consistent with rates reported in comparable studies among women living with HIV. Second-line ART was significantly associated with non-clearance, and urban residence showed a borderline association. These findings highlight the need to further explore these factors in order to optimize treatment outcomes in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"109184"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic epidemiology reveals niche specialization and a virulence-resistance trade-off in ST23 and ST11 hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae.","authors":"Fang Yang, Qin-Rui Lai, Wen-En Liu, Yi-Ming Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The convergence of hypervirulence and carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a critical public health threat, yet the comparative genomic characteristics and adaptation patterns of dominant clones ST23 and ST11 in clinical settings remain unclear. This study aimed to characterize their divergent adaptive strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed whole-genome sequencing on 824 hvKP isolates derived from 2,193 clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates collected at a National Regional Medical Center in Central China. Among these, ST23 (n=199) and ST11 (n=140) represented the two predominant sequence types and were compared regarding antimicrobial resistance profiles, resistance determinants, virulence determinants, plasmid replicon types, and phylogenetic relationships using comparative genomic, phylogenetic, and co-acquisition analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ST23-hvKP was primarily associated with surgical and medical departments, largely antibiotic-susceptible (MDR 33.7%, CR 1.0%), with near-complete virulence gene profiles (iuc 99.5%, iro 97.5%). Conversely, ST11-hvKP was predominantly ICU-associated and extensively drug-resistant (MDR 97.9%, CR 93.6%), characterized by frequent bla_KPC-2 carriage (95.7%) and a highly prevalent IncFII(pHN7A8) replicon (98.6%), with bla_KPC-2 strongly associated with IncFII(pHN7A8), but with an incomplete virulence profile (iro 0.7%). Resistance-hypervirulence convergence was markedly higher in ST11 (92.1%) than ST23 (9.5%). Plasmid ecology and co-acquisition analysis revealed a negative correlation between resistance-associated (IncFII/IncR) and virulence-associated (IncFIB(K)) replicons, suggesting that convergence in ST11 involves coexisting distinct plasmid systems rather than detectable plasmid fusion events. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated distinct clustering patterns between ST23 and ST11.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ST23 retains a classic hypervirulent phenotype, whereas ST11 represents a hospital-adapted convergent clone characterized by a complex resistome, an incomplete canonical virulence repertoire, and separate plasmid systems. This niche-specialized resistance-virulence trade-off underscores the need for clone-tailored surveillance and management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"109182"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential clinical actionability of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for antimicrobial stewardship for urinary tract infections: a retrospective, single-centre, BI-Biotia UTI cohort study.","authors":"Panupong Wangprapa, Dorottya Nagy-Szakal, Heather L Wells, Gabor Fidler, Wichai Techasathit, Mara Couto-Rodriguez, David C Danko, Christopher E Mason, Niamh B O'Hara, Montinee Sangtian, Teeradache Viangteeravat, Sira Sriswasdi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) take 48-72 hours, leaving empirical therapy for urinary tract infections (UTIs) without resistance data. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) reports resistance within hours, but its potential clinical actionability for prescribing is underexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a retrospective single-centre cohort (Bangkok tertiary hospital, 2018-2020), BIOTIA-DX results were compared with culture and AST in 251 culture-paired samples. Potential clinical actionability was assessed for 54 same-day empirical prescriptions and a post hoc ablation estimated what a rule-based policy would have prescribed under different information from mNGS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two of 54 prescriptions (40·7%, 95% CI 28·7-54·0) were potentially actionable: treatment failure prevention 9 (16·7%) and de-escalation 13 (24·1%). Excluding blaEC and blaACT raised cephalosporin specificity from 25·6% to 78·9% with a small tradeoff in sensitivity. NPVs were at least 89·7% for carbapenems, cephalosporins, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, aminoglycosides and the fluoroquinolone classifier reached 100·0% PPV in Escherichia coli. Our refined resistance classification rules achieved a good tradeoff between the risk of ineffective antibiotics and the use of broad-spectrum carbapenem, compared with observed prescribing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a high-resistance setting, a same-day mNGS report was potentially actionable for two in five empirical prescriptions, mainly through resistance calling. However, the findings rest on a small number of cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"109181"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Fluid Inflammatory Biomarker Profile in Long COVID: Evaluation of Oral Active and Total MMP-8, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 in Relation to BMI and Disease Status.","authors":"Nur Rahman Ahmad Seno Aji, Julie Toby Thomas, Taina Tervahartiala, Ismo T Räisänen, Mikko Varonen, Helena Liira, Mari Kanerva, Velina Vangelova-Korpinen, Timo Sorsa, Hanna Välimaa","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long COVID (LC) is characterized by persistent systemic symptoms, but its oral inflammatory profile remains unclear. This study evaluated oral inflammatory biomarkers, particularly matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -8, -9 and their regulators in oral rinse samples from LC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study analyzed oral rinse samples from 115 LC patients and 103 comparable controls. Periodontal inflammation was screened using a chair-side active MMP-8 (aMMP-8) point-of-care test (POCT). Biomarkers (aMMP-8, total MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and MPO) were quantified and validated by Western blotting and gelatin zymography. Associations with LC and clinical variables were assessed using bivariate analysis and multivariable regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LC patients had significantly higher total MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio (all p<0.05 in both analyses). IFMA-measured active MMP-8 became independently associated with LC after multivariable adjustment. Chair-side aMMP-8 POCT showed a non-significant trend toward higher positivity in LC (16.5% vs. 8.7%). BMI was positively associated with aMMP-8, tMMP-8 and tMMP-8/TIMP-1 molar ratio. Antidepressant use was associated with tMMP-8/TIMP-1 molar ratio. Western blotting confirmed active MMP-8 species and gingipain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest an altered oral inflammatory biomarker profile in LC. The potential role of chair-side aMMP-8 POCT for screening oral inflammation in this population merits further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"109183"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with Cognitive Impairment Among Sepsis Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Aoyi Duan, Yue Yuan, Siyuan Lei, Jiansheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sepsis survivors frequently experience cognitive impairment, which negatively affects long-term quality of life and functional recovery. However, the prevalence and associated factors remain insufficiently characterized.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of cognitive impairment among sepsis survivors across different follow-up periods and identify associated factors using systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, SinoMed, Wanfang Data, and VIP Database were searched from inception to March 19, 2026. Cohort and cross-sectional studies were included. Random-effects models were used to estimate pooled prevalence and odds ratios, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen studies involving 218,152 sepsis survivors were included. Cognitive impairment remains common among sepsis survivors, with prevalence estimates varying across follow-up time points. Older age, prolonged delirium duration, hyperglycemia, and hypoxemia were positively associated with cognitive impairment (ORs ranging from 1.12 to 2.84). The certainty of evidence ranged from very low to low.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The pooled prevalence of cognitive impairment among sepsis survivors differed across follow-up time points. However, because estimates at different time points were largely based on different studies and populations, these findings should be interpreted as study-level time-stratified differences rather than evidence of within-individual cognitive recovery or decline. Older age, prolonged delirium duration, hyperglycemia, and hypoxemia were associated with cognitive impairment among sepsis survivors. Given the low to very low certainty of the available evidence, the observed associations should be interpreted cautiously. Further well-designed prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"109180"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing Recent HIV Infection by High-Fidelity Multiplexed Primer ID-Based Next-Generation Sequencing among Newly Diagnosed Individuals in Zhuhai, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Di Yin, Hang Lyu, Weiming Tang, Qiaoxia Pan, Jing Zhang, Minjuan Shi, Yu Liao, Shuntai Zhou, Yi Zhou, Caijun Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Differentiating recent from chronic HIV infections is critical for interrupting transmission chains. However, conventional Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) is confounded by technical errors that inflate genetic diversity, blurring this distinction and compromising downstream molecular epidemiological analyses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We applied Multiplexed Primer ID-Based Next-Generation Sequencing (MPID-NGS) to plasma from 153 antiretroviral therapy (ART)‑naïve newly diagnosed with HIV individuals in Zhuhai, China (2022‑2024) to generate error‑corrected template consensus sequences, from which infection recency was classified using genetic diversity thresholds. We then benchmarked this approach against standard NGS and serological Limiting Antigen Avidity Enzyme Immunoassay (LAg-EIA), and further assessed selection pressures and reconstructed molecular transmission networks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MPID‑NGS removed >93% of Reverse Transcriptase (RT) and 69% of Variable Regions 1 to 3 (V1V3) low‑frequency artifacts. Primer ID (PID)‑corrected V1V3 diversity showed the strongest correlation with LAg‑EIA Normalized Optical Density (ODn) (ρ = 0.52), while other PID-corrected measures also showed significant but weaker associations, supporting the utility of error-corrected genetic diversity as a staging metric. We classified 15.7% as recent and 76.5% as chronic, with serological concordance of 87.5% and 86.4%, respectively. Despite overall purifying selection in RT, recent infections had significantly higher ω than chronic ones (p < 0.001), reflecting stage‑specific adaptive evolution. Men who have sex with men (MSM) showed higher RT ω than non‑MSM (p < 0.001) and independently predicted transmission clustering (aOR = 3.247, p = 0.003). An acute case exhibited transmitted/founder virus (T/F virus) hallmarks: ultra‑low diversity, star‑like phylogeny, reduced Potential N-Linked Glycosylation Sites (PNGS), and estimated infection time of only 19.5 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MPID-NGS integrates high-fidelity staging, evolutionary profiling, and network analysis, revealing that recent MSM infections are strongly associated with local molecular clusters, elevated clustering risk, and distinct adaptive evolution, thus offering a robust tool for HIV-1 surveillance and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"109178"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149170337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residential setting as an effect modifier of intellectual and physical disability associations with COVID-19 infection, hospitalisation and mortality in Scotland.","authors":"Yusuff Adebayo Adebisi, Nick Bailey, Angela Henderson, Chris Dibben, Serena Pattaro","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People with intellectual and physical disabilities experienced disproportionately adverse COVID-19 outcomes, and communal residential settings were major sites of transmission. However, whether residential setting modifies the associations of these specific disability groups with recorded infection, hospitalisation and mortality has not been examined at population scale. We assessed interaction on both multiplicative and additive scales.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a population-wide retrospective cohort study of 3,719,651 adults aged 16 years or older who were alive and resident in Scotland on 1 March 2020. Disability status was derived from the 2011 Scottish Census and classified as intellectual disability, physical and/or sensory disability without intellectual disability, or no recorded intellectual or physical disability. The latter category was the prespecified comparison group and could include people with other long-term conditions. Residential setting was classified as private dwellings, small communal establishments (<50 residents) or large communal establishments (50 or more residents). Outcomes were first laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, first COVID-19 hospitalisation and COVID-19-related mortality from 1 March 2020 to 30 April 2022. Cox proportional hazards models estimated joint category hazard ratios and departures from multiplicative and additive no-interaction models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For recorded infection, interaction was positive on both scales. Multiplicative interaction was significant (χ²(4) = 541.42, p < 0.001), with joint hazard ratios for intellectual disability increasing from 2.54 (95% CI 2.46-2.62) in private dwellings to 9.42 (95% CI 8.08-11.00) in large communal establishments; corresponding estimates for physical disability increased from 1.55 (95% CI 1.53-1.57) to 5.67 (95% CI 5.37-5.98). RERI was 6.09 (95% CI 4.63-7.54) for intellectual disability and 3.31 (95% CI 3.00-3.62) for physical disability in large communal establishments. For hospitalisation, there was no clear evidence of interaction (χ²(4) = 9.32, p = 0.050; all RERI confidence intervals included zero). For mortality, interaction was negative on both scales (χ²(4) = 106.58, p < 0.001), with predominantly negative RERI estimates in communal establishments, most notably for intellectual disability in small communal establishments (RERI -2.07, 95% CI -3.21 to -0.93).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Residential setting modified associations between intellectual and physical disability and COVID-19 outcomes, with positive interaction for infection, no clear interaction for hospitalisation, and negative interaction for mortality. These findings support pandemic preparedness that considers disability and residential setting together, including tailored infection prevention in communal settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"109177"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tick-borne relapsing fever caused by Borrelia miyamotoi in Germany.","authors":"Gerrit Burger, Lene T Tscharntke, Diana J Vaca, Nadine Duschek, Theresa Alisch, Raja Idris, Sebastian Maffiold-Salas, Michael Hogardt, Thomas A Wichelhaus, Timo Wolf, Peter Kraiczy","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2026.109175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"109175"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}