Iván Martínez-Baz , Ana Navascués , Camino Trobajo-Sanmartín , Francisco Pozo , Miguel Fernández-Huerta , Maddi Olazabal-Arruiz , Lucía Argente-Colas , Guillermo Ezpeleta , Aitziber Echeverria , Itziar Casado , Carmen Ezpeleta , Jesús Castilla
{"title":"Effectiveness of influenza vaccination in preventing confirmed influenza cases and hospitalizations in Northern Spain, 2023/24 season: A population-based test-negative case-control study","authors":"Iván Martínez-Baz , Ana Navascués , Camino Trobajo-Sanmartín , Francisco Pozo , Miguel Fernández-Huerta , Maddi Olazabal-Arruiz , Lucía Argente-Colas , Guillermo Ezpeleta , Aitziber Echeverria , Itziar Casado , Carmen Ezpeleta , Jesús Castilla","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We estimated the influenza vaccination effectiveness (IVE) in preventing medical consultations and hospitalizations due to influenza during the 2023/24 season.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Two test-negative case-control studies analyzed patients who consulted primary healthcare or were hospitalized for respiratory symptoms and were tested for influenza by PCR in the 2023/24 season in Navarre, Spain. Influenza vaccination status in the current and previous seasons was compared between confirmed influenza cases and test-negative controls. IVE was calculated as (1-adjusted odds ratio)×100.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 3133 hospitalized patients, 529 (17%) were positive for influenza: 71% A/H1N1, 23% A/H3N2, and 7% A nonsubtyped. IVE to prevent hospitalizations was 43% (95%CI: 26%, 56%) overall, 61% (95%CI: 32%, 77%) in people younger than 65 years old and 35% (95%CI: 10%, 53%) in older people. IVE was 48% (95%CI: 30%, 61%) against influenza A/H1N1, and 15% (95%CI: -42%, 49%) against influenza A/H3N2. IVE in people vaccinated only in the previous season was 28% (95%CI: -5%, 51%). Among 417 outpatients, 146 (35%) were confirmed for influenza. IVE to prevent outpatient cases was 49% (95%CI: -9%, 76%) overall and 42% (95%CI: -33%, 74%) against influenza A/H1N1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>IVE was moderate against influenza A/H1N1 and low against influenza A/H3N2 in the 2023/24 season.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 107364"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shanshan Wu , Lin Chen , Xiaoyan zhang , Jiali Fan , Fajuan Tang , Dongqiong Xiao
{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors for bacteremia in community-acquired pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Shanshan Wu , Lin Chen , Xiaoyan zhang , Jiali Fan , Fajuan Tang , Dongqiong Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Bacteremia represents a significant complication in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Nonetheless, there is currently a dearth of systematic research that determines the precise prevalence and risk factors of bacteremia in CAP patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for published studies on the prevalence or risk factors for CAP with bacteremia up to April 21, 2024. The NOS scale was utilized to appraise the study quality, and the META process was carried out in R language.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>58,342 CAP patients were enrolled in 22 studies. Of these patients, 29,610 underwent blood culture tests, and 2332 patients had positive blood culture results. Meta-analysis pooled results showed that the incidence of bacteremia was 5.1% (95% CI: 3.6-6.8%) in CAP patients. The prevalence of co-bacteremia was 3.1% (95% CI: 1.5-5.1%) in minors and 6.9% (95% CI: 5.2%-8.8%) in adults. The most common pathogens of CAP were Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, a summary of the original studies found that the risk factors for bacteremia in CAP patients were diverse and varied.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The incidence of bacteremia in CAP patients warrants significant attention. There is a pressing need to establish more specific bacterial screening protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 107312"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142768692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reviewer Thank you list 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1201-9712(25)00006-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1201-9712(25)00006-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 107782"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Helen M. Chun , Sophia Osawe , Samuel Adams-Dabban , Jennifer Favaloro , Nnaemeka C. Iriemenam , Emilio Dirlikov , Diana Martin , Kyle Milligan , Andrew Abutu , Olumide Okunoye , Mary Okoli , Olusola Akanbi , Oluwaseun Akinmulero , Rita Okonkwo , Oyewole Oyedele , Stacie Greby , Alash'le Abimiku , McPaul I.J. Okoye , Ray W. Shiraishi , Ijeoma Ezeuko
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 serologic surveillance among people living with HIV in Nigeria, April 2022 to January 2023","authors":"Helen M. Chun , Sophia Osawe , Samuel Adams-Dabban , Jennifer Favaloro , Nnaemeka C. Iriemenam , Emilio Dirlikov , Diana Martin , Kyle Milligan , Andrew Abutu , Olumide Okunoye , Mary Okoli , Olusola Akanbi , Oluwaseun Akinmulero , Rita Okonkwo , Oyewole Oyedele , Stacie Greby , Alash'le Abimiku , McPaul I.J. Okoye , Ray W. Shiraishi , Ijeoma Ezeuko","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Evidence indicates that people living with HIV (PLHIV) are more impacted by COVID-19. The burden of SARS-CoV-2 infection among PLHIV is unknown in Nigeria.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted repeated cross-sectional SARS-CoV-2 serosurveys in 14 states and the Federal Capital Territory in Nigeria among PLHIV who had an HIV viral load (VL) test during April 2022 to January 2023. Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies was assessed using a multiplex bead assay to measure IgG to spike (S), receptor binding domain (RBD), and nucleocapsid (N) proteins to identify potential infection and/or vaccination status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between April 2022 and January 2023, 47,614 remnant VL samples were included and tested for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, defined as IgG antibodies to spike and RBD591 [S+] and nucleocapsid [N+], (S+N+), ranged between 21.1% (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 11.4-31.8) in Ekiti State in January 2023 to 71.4% (95% CI 71.9-81.9) in Gombe State in November 2022, with overall steady trends within and between states over time, across age and sex.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>High rates of SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence among PLHIV in Nigeria were observed. This underscores the need to understand the association between HIV and SARS-CoV-2 to inform strategies to reduce the threat posed by COVID-19.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 107309"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142695590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predictors of hospitalization, death and incomplete/non-recovery from SARS-CoV-2 in an ambulatory global population","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To provide globally representative data on hospitalization and death in recently SARS-CoV-2-positive ambulatory populations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We enrolled SARS-CoV-2-positive ambulatory adults in the cohort studies, ICOS (47 sites, 5 continents), and PCOS (Liberia) and followed for 28-days. Kaplan-Meier estimates of percentage of those hospitalized or died were derived. Risk factors for hospitalization, death, and failure to recover were identified using Cox and logistic models respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>9817(ICOS) and 125(PCOS) participants, 46.7% male; median age 43 years; 24.5% with comorbidity(s); 0.8% pregnant; 9.3% SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated, were enrolled June-2020 and January-2022. By 28 days, 424(4.3%) participants were hospitalized or had died; most within 7 days of enrolment(3.4%). Hospitalization or death declined over calendar time i.e. 7.5%(2020); 4.1(first-half 2021) and 2.1%(second-half 2021), P < 0.0001. Older age, male sex, comorbidities, pregnancy, symptomatic disease were each independently associated with hospitalization or death; SARS-CoV-2 vaccination reduced this risk. At 28 days, 26.1% and 29.9% reported ongoing symptoms and failure to return to pre-morbid health respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These global SARS-CoV-2 ambulatory cohort studies identified demographic/clinical risks for hospitalization or death. Vaccination does not fully explain hospitalization and death declines over time. Symptomatic recovery and return to premorbid health were incomplete at 28 days in <span><math><mo>≈</mo></math></span>one third.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 107285"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evolution of pharmacist roles in antimicrobial stewardship: A 20-year systematic review","authors":"Vrinda Nampoothiri , Mohamed Hisham , Oluchi Mbamalu , Zubair Umer Mohamed , Sanjeev K. Singh , Esmita Charani","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Whilst pharmacists are recognized as key contributors to antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs, the extent of their participation varies in different countries. We report a systematic review of pharmacist roles in AMS over 20 years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review of the literature describing pharmacist-led or driven AMS and its outcomes published in English between January 01, 2000, and June 30, 2020, was conducted across the main databases for research publication.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis included 111 papers, of which 77.5% (86/111) were from high-income countries (HIC) predominantly from the USA. While pharmacist-led or driven AMS interventions were reported only from HICs in the early 2000s, the review found a progressive rise in such studies from all income settings with audit and feedback being the most frequent intervention reported. Between 2016 and 2020, studies on pharmacists-led or driven outpatient AMS and interventions related to beta-lactam or penicillin allergy were reported from HICs. Key outcomes reported include improved appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy and decreased consumption of antimicrobials.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Existing evidence demonstrates the positive impact of pharmacists’ involvement in AMS. There needs to be a concerted effort in facilitating pharmacist roles in AMS across all countries, irrespective of income setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 107306"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charles Gibert , Marie Wan , Matthieu Arsicot , Ugo Huvelle , Thomas Penhoat , Yatrika Koumar , Charline Miossec , Florence Persat , Florent Valour , Jean Menotti , Pauline Tirard-Collet
{"title":"Mycotic aneurysm due to Magnusiomyces capitatus complicating a second liver transplant in a colonized patient","authors":"Charles Gibert , Marie Wan , Matthieu Arsicot , Ugo Huvelle , Thomas Penhoat , Yatrika Koumar , Charline Miossec , Florence Persat , Florent Valour , Jean Menotti , Pauline Tirard-Collet","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This report presents an extremely rare case of a fungal mycotic aneurysm due to <em>Magnusiomyces capitatus</em> in a 51-year-old woman who is immunocompromised. The diagnosis was based on multiple computed tomography scans and the identification of the pathogen via sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region. Long-term treatment with caspofungin for previous candidemia likely promoted the dissemination of this intrinsically echinocandin-resistant fungus from colonization sites in the lungs and rectal area. Long-term suppressive antifungal therapy with voriconazole and subsequently with posaconazole, combined with multiple surgical procedures, led to an improvement in the patient's condition. This case highlights the importance of considering a patient's comprehensive microbiological history and reassessing antimicrobial therapy in cases of nonimprovement or relapse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 107370"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victor Daniel Rosenthal , Ziad A. Memish , Gonzalo Bearman
{"title":"Preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia: A position paper of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2024 update","authors":"Victor Daniel Rosenthal , Ziad A. Memish , Gonzalo Bearman","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This review by a panel of experts convened by the International Society for Infectious Diseases aims to consolidate current recommendations for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). It provides insights into VAP rates, the attributable extra length of stay, costs, mortality, and risk factors in high-income and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive review of existing recommendations and evidence-based strategies for preventing VAP was conducted. The expert panel analyzed data on VAP incidence, associated healthcare burdens, and risk factors across different economic settings to formulate applicable preventive measures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The review identifies significant differences in VAP rates, healthcare costs, extra length of hospital stay, and mortality between high-income and LMICs. Evidence-based strategies for preventing VAP were highlighted, demonstrating their effectiveness across different healthcare settings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The recommendations and insights provided in this position paper aim to guide healthcare professionals in effectively preventing VAP. The adoption of evidence-based preventive strategies can potentially reduce VAP rates, and associated costs, and improve patient outcomes in both high-income and LMICs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 107305"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victor Daniel Rosenthal , Ziad A. Memish , Emanuele Nicastri , Sebastiano Leone , Gonzalo Bearman
{"title":"Preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections: A position paper of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2024 update","authors":"Victor Daniel Rosenthal , Ziad A. Memish , Emanuele Nicastri , Sebastiano Leone , Gonzalo Bearman","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This review, conducted by a panel of experts assembled by the International Society for Infectious Diseases, seeks to consolidate the latest recommendations for preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). It offers insights into CAUTI rates and the associated extended hospital stays, costs, mortality, and risk factors across high- and low- to middle-income countries.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An in-depth review of current recommendations and evidence-based strategies for CAUTI prevention was undertaken. To develop practical preventive measures, the expert panel examined data on CAUTI incidence, related health care impacts, and risk factors across various economic contexts.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The review highlights notable differences in CAUTI rates, health care costs, extended hospital stays, and mortality between high- and low- to middle-income countries. It emphasizes evidence-based strategies for CAUTI prevention, demonstrating their effectiveness across diverse health care environments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This position paper offers recommendations and insights intended to assist health care professionals in effectively preventing CAUTIs. Implementing evidence-based preventive strategies has the potential to lower CAUTI rates, reduce related costs, and enhance patient outcomes in high- and low- to middle-income countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 107304"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}