International Journal of Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Effect of COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions on the epidemic trends of scarlet fever in China: A population-based surveillance and modeling study.","authors":"Xiaojuan Zhang, Yuanhai You, Jie Liu, Lu Sun, Haijian Zhou, Xingxing Zhang, Bike Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study analyzed the epidemiological patterns of scarlet fever, and any changes therein, before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic in China and provided new perspectives for optimizing prevention and control strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data for clinically diagnosed and laboratory-confirmed cases between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2024, were collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Surveillance System. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize the characteristics in pre-COVID-19 (2005-2019), during COVID-19 (2020-2022), and post-COVID-19 (2023-2024) periods. Dynamic changes in distribution pattern were explored through spatial autocorrelation analysis. A seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model was constructed to evaluate impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on disease.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>During 2005-2024, 876,680 cases were reported (crude annual incidence: 3.22/100 000). The annual morbidity rates for three periods were 3.56, 1.58, and 3.25/100 000. Significant differences were observed among the periods (P < 0.001). The actual cases during COVID-19 period decreased by 78.43% compared to the SARIMA model predictions. Significant geography-based clustering of cases was identified.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>It demonstrated exceptional impacts of NPIs on the epidemic trends and high-risk regions of scarlet fever in China. Hence, tight surveillance programs are needed to protect populations against future pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107969"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global burden of tuberculosis among adults aged 60 years and older, 1990-2021: Findings from the global burden of disease study 2021","authors":"Junping Liu ,&nbsp;Yue Zhou ,&nbsp;Juan Guan ,&nbsp;Yaping Liu ,&nbsp;Weijian Song ,&nbsp;Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Xinle Yin ,&nbsp;Yuqin Liu ,&nbsp;Ting Li ,&nbsp;Long Jin ,&nbsp;Lihan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yunkai Li ,&nbsp;Lin Wu ,&nbsp;Nan Wang ,&nbsp;Zhaoyue Liu ,&nbsp;Xinru Liu ,&nbsp;Yanfu Wang ,&nbsp;Qunhong Wu ,&nbsp;Libo Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant threat to global public health, particularly, among elderly individuals. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the patterns and temporal trends in the global disease burden of HIV-negative TB among adults aged ≥60 years from 1990 to 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data on incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years of TB, drug-susceptible TB, multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2021. Frontier analysis was carried out to pinpoint areas for enhancement and disparities among nations stratified by development level. The Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to forecast disease burden trends through 2035.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A decreasing trend in age-standardized incidence rate, age-standardized mortality rate, and disability-adjusted life-years rates for TB and drug-susceptible TB was observed among the elderly population worldwide, whereas an upward trend was noted for MDR-TB and XDR-TB. Frontier analyses revealed a potential for burden alleviation among diverse nations and regions, with high socio-demographic index nations, such as the Republic of Korea, showing higher disease burden than expected for their sociodemographic development. The Bayesian age-period-cohort model revealed that by 2035, the MDR-TB and XDR-TB burden will continue increasing in the elderly population.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The increasing MDR-TB and XDR-TB burden in older individuals underscores the need for tailored interventions to combat TB burden, such as implementing active case finding among adults aged 60 years and older.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 107966"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of Neisseria meningitidis causing both urogenital infection and invasive meningococcal disease in China","authors":"Zhenhua Liu ,&nbsp;Jian Guo ,&nbsp;Guihua Rao ,&nbsp;Qiang Wang ,&nbsp;Yue Jiang ,&nbsp;Panpan Lv ,&nbsp;Fang Zhao ,&nbsp;Mingliang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Neisseria meningitidis</em> (Nm) is responsible for invasive meningococcal disease (IMD), with relatively few reports of causing urogenital and anorectal infections. This study reported the emergence of three urethritis cases in male adults caused by Nm isolates during 2021 and 2024 in Shanghai, China. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the three isolates were closely related with strains causing IMD in the US (Y:ST-1466) and Japan (NG:ST-11026), respectively. Notably, all three isolates in this study harbored penicillin resistance and the <em>norB</em>-<em>aniA</em> gene cassette originating not from <em>N. gonorrhoeae</em>, which differed from the US urethritis clade in 2015. These three urethritis isolates were also predicted to be covered by Trumenba. Nm strains causing urogenital infections have emerged in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 107970"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical trial landscape for pneumonia: Evolving agents against bacterial pathogens","authors":"Du Feng ,&nbsp;Huixin Jiang ,&nbsp;Hao Deng ,&nbsp;Gengda Huang ,&nbsp;Yue Zhu ,&nbsp;Rong Xiao ,&nbsp;Gengjia Chen ,&nbsp;Chengzhi Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Pneumonia remains a critical global health challenge, with antimicrobial resistance fundamentally reshaping therapeutic paradigms. This study aimed to characterize global trends in pneumonia-related clinical trials and assess the pipeline response to escalating antimicrobial resistance challenges.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted comprehensive analysis using the INFORMA Database, searching MeSH terms ‘Community-acquired pneumonia’ and ‘Hospital-acquired pneumonia’ while restricting inclusion to bacterial infections. Interventional clinical trials investigating therapeutic agents for bacterial pneumonia were included. Data collection encompassed trial status, primary drugs, mechanisms of action, patient demographics, and completion dates. Statistical analyses included Cochran-Armitage trend tests for temporal patterns, and Chi-square goodness of fit test for age-stratified analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 2,448 pneumonia-related clinical trials were identified across 113 countries from 1991 to 2024. Phase I trials demonstrated pronounced acceleration, increasing from 3.00 trials per year (1991-2000) to 14.82 trials per year (2020-2024). Five therapeutic mechanisms dominated research: cell wall synthesis inhibitors (24.5%), ribosomal subunit inhibitors (13.5%), DNA topoisomerase inhibitors (12.8%), beta-lactamase inhibitors (9.3%), and cell membrane-related mechanisms (7.9%). Agestratified analysis revealed significant disparities, with elderly-specific trials comprising only 2.8% despite higher disease burden.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This analysis reveals accelerating early-phase drug development in response to antimicrobial resistance challenges. While traditional mechanisms remain dominant, novel therapeutic approaches demonstrate promising diversification strategies, though critical gaps persist in elderly-specific drug development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 107965"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of severe outcomes from COVID-19 in comorbid populations in the Omicron era: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Akvile Chapman ,&nbsp;Dan H. Barouch ,&nbsp;Gregory Y.H. Lip ,&nbsp;Triantafyllos Pliakas ,&nbsp;Eva Polverino ,&nbsp;Harald Sourij ,&nbsp;Sultan Abduljawad","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This is the first meta-analysis assessing mortality and hospitalization risk from COVID-19 in individuals with comorbidities versus those without during the Omicron era.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search (Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, Europe PMC, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register, WHO COVID-19 Database) identified studies published between January 2022 and March 2024<strong>.</strong> Studies included people with at least one of the following comorbidities: cardiovascular/cerebrovascular disease, chronic lung conditions, diabetes, and obesity. Studies were synthesized quantitatively using random-effect models. Evaluated outcomes were risk of death, hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and any combination of these outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 72 studies, 68 were meta-analyzed. Participant numbers per comorbidity ranged from 328,870 to 13,720,480. Risks of death, hospitalization, and the combined outcome were increased in individuals with cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, respiratory diseases, heart disease, and heart failure (pooled relative risk [RR] range: 1.27 [heart disease, hospitalization; 95% CI: 1.17-1.38] to 1.78 [heart failure, death: 95% CI: 1.46-2.16]). Diabetes and obesity were associated with increased ICU admission risk (RR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.04-1.38; RR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.11-1.57, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>During the Omicron era, individuals with comorbidities faced increased risks of severe outcomes from COVID-19.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 107958"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chlamydia psittaci enteric infection in an adult man: A case report","authors":"Haohui Deng ,&nbsp;Xiaoting Liang ,&nbsp;Shuyuan Dang ,&nbsp;Jiuxiang Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Psittacosis, a zoonotic disease caused by Chlamydia psittaci (Cps), typically manifests as respiratory symptoms following the inhalation of aerosols from infected birds. Here, we report a case of Cps causing enteric infection in an adult man.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An atypical case of psittacosis was reported in a 62-year-old man who presented with initial symptoms of fever and severe diarrhea after consuming undercooked pigeon meat and offal.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This patient was admitted to our hospital with the main complaints of fever and severe diarrhea for 4 days and a mild dry cough for half a day, initial diagnosis and treatment for acute gastroenteritis before hospitalization were ineffective. On the fourth day of symptom onset, the patient developed a mild dry cough, and pulmonary imaging showed significant changes. Subsequently, targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, stool, and blood samples was positive for Cps DNA, with ompA genotype A identified in both the patient and pigeons from the source. The patient was treated with levofloxacin and doxycycline, which alleviated clinical symptoms and improved the pulmonary imaging.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This case highlights the potential of Cps causing enteric infection and emphasizes the need to consider psittacosis in patients with fever and diarrhea, particularly with relevant epidemiological history. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential for preventing severe complications and improving clinical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 107967"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “COVID-19: an ‘extraterrestrial’ disease?”, [International Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 110, 155–159, September 2021]","authors":"Elisabeth Paul ,&nbsp;Garrett W. Brown ,&nbsp;Mélanie Dechamps ,&nbsp;Andreas Kalk ,&nbsp;Pierre-François Laterre ,&nbsp;Bernard Rentier ,&nbsp;Valéry Ridde ,&nbsp;Martin Zizi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107951","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 107951"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of RSV Antibodies in a Contemporary (2022 - 2023) Cohort of Adults.","authors":"Lara I Teodoro, Inna G Ovsyannikova, Diane E Grill, Gregory A Poland, Richard B Kennedy","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection may cause serious illness and mortality in older adults (≥ 65 years). This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of anti-RSV IgG antibodies in adults from a United States cohort and compare antibody levels among individuals with a history of recent RSV vaccination or infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 475 subjects (ages 27 - 99) were randomly selected from the Mayo Clinic Biobank's residual sera repository (2022 - 2023). Samples were tested for anti-RSV IgG using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additional cohorts included individuals with documented RSV infection (n = 40) or recent RSV vaccination (n = 71).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the seroprevalence cohort, 83.8% tested RSV IgG positive against RSV-A whole virus antigen. Males had significantly higher antibody titers than females (p < 0.001), and antibody titers increased post-RSV season (p = 0.02). Compared to the general cohort, RSV-seropositivity rates were higher in recently diagnosed (97.5%) and vaccinated (95.8%) individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates a high seroprevalence of RSV-A IgG in adults, with variations across sex and seasonality, and corroborates waning immunity following RSV infection. Recent infection or vaccination significantly boosts antibody levels, reinforcing the importance of continued surveillance of RSV immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"107964"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-dose trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for melioidosis eradication therapy: A clinically tolerable alternative","authors":"Dr. Mohamed Ibrahim Alsaman","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107959","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 107959"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144368850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the introduction of COVID-19 oral antivirals through a test and treat program: outcomes from a cohort study in four African countries","authors":"Jessica T. Joseph ,&nbsp;Maria Grau-Sepulveda ,&nbsp;Bridget C. Griffith ,&nbsp;Norman Lufesi ,&nbsp;Alexander Martin-Odoom ,&nbsp;Nyuma Mbewe ,&nbsp;Mwaba Mulenga ,&nbsp;Shanti Narayansamy ,&nbsp;Lawrence Ofori-Boadu ,&nbsp;Christian Ramers ,&nbsp;Edson Rwagasore ,&nbsp;Dyson Telela ,&nbsp;Sabine Umuraza ,&nbsp;Caroline E. Boeke ,&nbsp;Cameron R. Wolfe ,&nbsp;COVID Treatment QuickStart Consortium","doi":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Access to oral antivirals like nirmatrelvir/ritonavir to treat COVID-19 remains largely unavailable across Africa. Ghana, Malawi, Rwanda and Zambia, all members of the COVID Treatment QuickStart Consortium, leveraged existing infrastructure to rapidly commence COVID-19 test-and-treat programs. We describe the individual-level impact within the cascade of care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 36 facilities across four countries that captured data on SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals who were screened for treatment. Treatment criteria included being high-risk for severe COVID-19 disease progression, presenting within five days of symptom onset, and having mild-to-moderate COVID-19 disease severity; treatment eligibility was ultimately determined by trained healthcare workers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 1941 participants, 50.2% were determined eligible while 65.2% were prescribed nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Among those prescribed, 1265 (73.2%) received follow-up, among whom 99.4% confirmed treatment initiation and 97.6% completed the five-day treatment course. Two serious adverse events were reported, but neither was attributed to nirmatrelvir/ritonavir.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These data are the first to suggest COVID-19 oral antiviral treatment can be quickly, efficiently and safely deployed in lower- and middle-income countries, in parallel with implementation research. Programs rapidly integrated their COVID-19 response into existing health service infrastructure, allowing for decentralization and demonstrating that introducing newly developed diagnostics and treatment in government health systems is feasible in lower-resourced settings during health emergencies. Equitable and timely access to diagnostics and treatments is crucial to combat emerging global disease threats and achieve global health equity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14006,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 107956"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}