International journal of hygiene and environmental health最新文献

{"title":"Systematic evidence mapping of potential correlates of exposure for per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) based on measured occurrence in biomatrices and surveys of dietary consumption and product use","authors":"Chris Holder , Elaine A. Cohen Hubal , Jeanne Luh , Madison G. Lee , Lisa Jo Melnyk , Kent Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely observed in environmental media and often are found in indoor environments as well as personal-care and consumer products. Humans may be exposed through water, food, indoor dust, air, and the use of PFAS-containing products. Information about relationships between PFAS exposure sources and pathways and the amounts found in human biomatrices can inform source-contribution assessments and provide targets for exposure reduction. This work collected and collated evidence for correlates of PFAS human exposure as measured through sampling of biomatrices and surveys of dietary consumption and use of consumer products and articles. A systematic evidence mapping approach was applied to perform a literature search, conduct title-abstract and full-text screening, and to extract primary data into a comprehensive database for 16 PFAS. Parameters of interest included: sampling dates and locations, cohort descriptors, PFAS measured in a human biomatrix, information about food consumption in 11 categories, use of products/articles in 11 categories, and reported correlation values (and their statistical strength). The literature search and screening process yielded 103 studies with information for correlates of PFAS exposures. Detailed data were extracted and compiled on measures of PFAS correlations between biomatrix concentrations and dietary consumption and other product/article use. A majority of studies (61/103; 59%) were published after 2015 with few (8/103; 8%) prior to 2010. Studies were most abundant for dietary correlates (n = 94) with fewer publications reporting correlate assessments for product use (n = 56), while some examined both. PFOA and PFOS were assessed in almost all studies, followed by PFHxS, PFNA, and PFDA which were included in >50% of the studies. No relevant studies included PFNS or PFPeS. Among the 94 studies of dietary correlates, significant correlations were reported in 83% of the studies for one or more PFAS. The significant dietary correlations most commonly were for seafood, meats/eggs, and cereals/grains/pulses. Among the 56 studies of product/article correlates, significant correlations were reported in 70% of the studies. The significant product/article correlations most commonly were for smoking/tobacco, cosmetics/toiletries, non-stick cookware, and carpet/flooring/furniture and housing. Six of 11 product/article categories included five or fewer studies, including food containers and stain- and water-resistant products. Significant dietary and product/article correlations most commonly were positive. Some studies found a mix of positive and negative correlations depending on the PFAS, specific correlate, and specific response level, particularly for fats/oils, dairy consumption, food containers, and cosmetics/toiletries. Most of the significant findings for cereals/grains/pulses were negative correlations. Substantial evidence was found for correlations betwee","PeriodicalId":13994,"journal":{"name":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114384"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438463924000658/pdfft?md5=b5d81bae63e76c880f82850b8f2ad8a2&pid=1-s2.0-S1438463924000658-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140910236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal residential exposure to solvents from industrial sources during pregnancy and childhood cancer risk in California","authors":"Yixin Chen ,&nbsp;Darcy Van Deventer ,&nbsp;Roch Nianogo ,&nbsp;Marco Vinceti ,&nbsp;Wei Kang ,&nbsp;Myles Cockburn ,&nbsp;Noah Federman ,&nbsp;Julia E. Heck","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Maternal solvent exposure has been suspected to increase offspring cancer risk. The study aimed to evaluate the associations between maternal residential exposure to solvents from industrial pollution during pregnancy and childhood cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The present study included 15,744 cancer cases (aged 0–19 years at diagnosis) identified from California Cancer Registry and 283,141 controls randomly selected from California Birth Registry (20:1 frequency-matched by birth year: 1998–2016). We examined industrial releases of tetrachloroethylene and 1,1,1-trichloroethane within 3 km of the birth address, while we used a 5 km buffer for carbon disulfide. We calculated the total exposure from all linked Toxic Release Inventory sites during each index pregnancy and assigned “ever/never” and “high/low exposed/unexposed” exposure, using median values. We performed quadratic decay models to estimate cancer risks associated with maternal solvent exposure in pregnancy.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>1,1,1-Trichloroethane was associated with rhabdomyosarcoma (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR): 1.96; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.16, 3.32) in the “ever exposed” group. Ever exposure to carbon disulfide was associated with increased risks of medulloblastoma (OR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.01, 3.40) and ependymoma (OR = 1.63, 95% CI 0.97, 2.74).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Overall, our findings suggested maternal residential exposure to solvents from industrial sources might be associated with elevated childhood cancer risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13994,"journal":{"name":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114388"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438463924000695/pdfft?md5=d150b1b48fe599ab2f865943b7fafd5e&pid=1-s2.0-S1438463924000695-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140825183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex and adrenal hormones in association with insecticide biomarkers among adolescents living in ecuadorian agricultural communities","authors":"Briana N.C. Chronister ,&nbsp;Denise Justo ,&nbsp;Robert Wood ,&nbsp;Dolores Lopez-Paredes ,&nbsp;Eduardo Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Jose Suarez-Torres ,&nbsp;Sheila Gahagan ,&nbsp;Danilo Martinez ,&nbsp;David R. Jacobs (Jr.) ,&nbsp;Harvey Checkoway ,&nbsp;Marta M. Jankowska ,&nbsp;Jose R. Suarez-Lopez","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Organophosphate, pyrethroid, and neonicotinoid insecticides have resulted in adrenal and gonadal hormone disruption in animal and <em>in vitro</em> studies; limited epidemiologic evidence exists in humans. We assessed relationships of urinary insecticide metabolite concentrations with adrenal and gonadal hormones in adolescents living in Ecuadorean agricultural communities.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In 2016, we examined 522 Ecuadorian adolescents (11-17y, 50.7% female, 22% Indigenous; ESPINA study). We measured urinary insecticide metabolites, blood acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE), and salivary testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 17β-estradiol, and cortisol. We used general linear models to assess linear (β = % hormone difference per 50% increase of metabolite concentration) and curvilinear relationships (β² = hormone difference per unit increase in squared ln-metabolite) between ln-metabolite or AChE and ln-hormone concentrations, stratified by sex, adjusting for anthropometric, demographic, and awakening response variables. Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression was used to assess non-linear associations and interactions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The organophosphate metabolite malathion dicarboxylic acid (MDA) had positive associations with testosterone (β_boys = 5.88% [1.21%, 10.78%], β_girls = 4.10% [-0.02%, 8.39%]), and cortisol (β_boys = 6.06 [-0.23%, 12.75%]. <em>Para-</em>nitrophenol (organophosphate) had negatively-trending curvilinear associations, with testosterone (β²_boys = −0.17 (−0.33, −0.003), p = 0.04) and DHEA (β²_boys = −0.49 (−0.80, −0.19), p = 0.001) in boys. The neonicotinoid summary score (β_boys = 5.60% [0.14%, 11.36%]) and the neonicotinoid acetamiprid-N-desmethyl (β_boys = 3.90% [1.28%, 6.58%]) were positively associated with 17β-estradiol, measured in boys only. No associations between the pyrethroid 3-phenoxybenzoic acid and hormones were observed. In girls, bivariate response associations identified interactions of MDA, <em>Para-</em>nitrophenol, and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (organophosphates) with testosterone and DHEA concentrations. In boys, we observed an interaction of MDA and <em>Para-</em>nitrophenol with DHEA. No associations were identified for AChE.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We observed evidence of endocrine disruption for specific organophosphate and neonicotinoid metabolite exposures in adolescents. Urinary organophosphate metabolites were associated with testosterone and DHEA concentrations, with stronger associations in boys than girls. Urinary neonicotinoids were positively associated with 17β-estradiol. Longitudinal repeat-measures analyses would be beneficial for causal inference.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13994,"journal":{"name":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114386"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140825145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing a multimodal intervention using local resources to improve hand hygiene compliance in a comprehensive specialized hospital in Mekelle, Northern Ethiopia","authors":"Mulugeta Naizgi Gebremicael ,&nbsp;Adriane Skaletz-Rorowski ,&nbsp;Anja Potthoff ,&nbsp;Joshua Lemm ,&nbsp;Monika Kasper-Sonnenberg ,&nbsp;Zekarias Gessesse Arefaine ,&nbsp;Selin Temizel ,&nbsp;Friederike Lemm","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Hand hygiene (HH) is known to be the most effective practice to reduce Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The main barriers to HH practices among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Sub-Saharan Africa are heavy workload, infrastructural deficits, and poorly positioned facilities. There is limited data on HH compliance and particularly on the impact of the World Health Organization's (WHO) multimodal HH strategy in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to provide insights into a strategy to implement the WHO concept adapted to local conditions and obstacles encountered at a tertiary university hospital in Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a study aiming at increasing the quality of the HH practice of HCWs using the WHO HH improvement strategy. The study adopted a pre-and post-interventional design from April 2018 to May 2019. In the pre-intervention phase, a baseline infrastructural survey was made. The intervention consisted of in-house production of hand sanitizer and dispensers for every patient bed, staff education and motivation, and implementation of a multidisciplinary infection prevention committee. The intervention was followed by two one-week compliance observations of HH practice among HCWs within the six months post-intervention period and microbiological sample collection from HCWs' hands to assess the quality of HH.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We observed 269 (baseline), 737 (first follow-up) and 574 (second follow-up) indications for HH among HCWs. The overall baseline hand rub compliance was 4.8%, which significantly increased to 37.3% (first follow-up) and 56.1% (second follow-up) (p &lt; 0.0001). Consistent and significant increases in hand rub compliance during the entire follow-up period were observed before touching a patient, after touching a patient, and after touching the patient's surroundings (all p &lt; 0.01). Nurses and medical interns achieved consistent and significant increases in hand rub compliance during the entire follow-up period (all p &lt; 0.01).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Implementing the WHO HH improvement strategy significantly increased HH compliance despite a shortage of water and other resources. Hand rub was accepted as the main HH method in the hospital. HH campaigns in developing settings profit from multimodal strategies, knowledge exchange and utilization of local resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13994,"journal":{"name":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114389"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140825144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human biomonitoring follow-up study on PFOA contamination and investigation of possible influencing factors on PFOA exposure in a German population originally exposed to emissions from a fluoropolymer production plant","authors":"Heidi Lahne ,&nbsp;Doris Gerstner ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Völkel ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Schober ,&nbsp;Bettina Aschenbrenner ,&nbsp;Caroline Herr ,&nbsp;Stefanie Heinze ,&nbsp;Caroline Quartucci","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In the past, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was produced and applied as an emulsifier in a fluoropolymer production plant in the Altötting district, southern Bavaria (Germany). This chemical was released directly into the environment, resulting in the contamination of the local drinking water. During a human biomonitoring (HBM) survey in 2018, increased median PFOA blood serum levels, compared to a normally exposed control group with no known source of PFOA exposure from Munich, Germany, were detected in the resident population (23.18 μg/l in the general population, 20.71 μg/l in the children's group). The follow-up study aimed to investigate whether purification of the drinking water as the main PFOA exposure source has been successful in reducing internal PFOA exposure and to estimate the association of internal PFOA exposure with possible influencing factors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Only individuals who had already participated in the HBM study in 2018 were included. For the determination of the PFOA serum concentration, 5 ml of blood was drawn from each participating person. Blood samples were collected in the period from June to August 2022. Furthermore, information on sociodemographic characteristics, health status, dietary behaviour and other lifestyle factors were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire. To examine the association of PFOA blood serum levels with possible influencing factors, such as age, gender and consumption of fish and game meat, a logistic regression model with a PFOA value &gt; 10 μg/l as outcome was used.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 764 individuals participated in the follow-up study in 2022. Analyses were performed separately for the general population (n = 559), women of reproductive age (15–49 years old) (n = 120), and children under 12 years old (n = 30). Median PFOA blood levels have decreased by 56.9% in the general population, by 59.8% in the group of women of reproductive age and by 73.4% in the group of children under 12 years old. In the general population, a higher probability of a PFOA value &gt; 10 μg/l was found for those aged 40–59 years (Odds ratio (OR) = 2.33 (95%CI: 1.23 to 4.43, p = 0.01) and those aged 60 years and older (OR = 5.32, 95%CI: 2.78 to 10.19, p &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In all study groups, the median PFOA serum levels decreased as expected after a half-life of four years, which confirms that contamination via drinking water has ceased. Furthermore, our study identified age as a significant predictor of internal PFOA exposure, while no influence was found for the consumption of fish and game meat. Further investigations are needed to quantify in a more detailed way the influence of dietary habits on PFOA exposure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13994,"journal":{"name":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114387"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140825146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early childhood exposures to phthalates in association with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder behaviors in middle childhood and adolescence in the ReCHARGE study","authors":"Jiwon Oh ,&nbsp;Julie B. Schweitzer ,&nbsp;Jessie P. Buckley ,&nbsp;Sudhi Upadhyaya ,&nbsp;Kurunthachalam Kannan ,&nbsp;Julie B. Herbstman ,&nbsp;Akhgar Ghassabian ,&nbsp;Rebecca J. Schmidt ,&nbsp;Irva Hertz-Picciotto ,&nbsp;Deborah H. Bennett ,&nbsp;Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Early-life exposure to phthalates alters behaviors in animals. However, epidemiological evidence on childhood phthalate exposure and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) behaviors is limited.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study included 243 children from the ReCHARGE (Revisiting Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and Environment) study, who were previously classified as having autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental delay, other early concerns, and typical development in the CHARGE case-control study. Twenty phthalate metabolites were measured in spot urine samples collected from children aged 2–5 years. Parents reported on children's ADHD symptoms at ages 8–18 years using Conners-3 Parent Rating Scale. Covariate-adjusted negative binomial generalized linear models were used to investigate associations between individual phthalate metabolite concentrations and raw scores. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression with repeated holdout validation was used to examine mixture effects of phthalate metabolites on behavioral scores. Effect modification by child sex was evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 12 phthalate metabolites detected in &gt;75% of the samples, higher mono-2-heptyl phthalate (MHPP) was associated with higher scores on Inattentive (β per doubling = 0.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02, 0.08) and Hyperactive/Impulsive scales (β = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.07), especially among children with ASD. Higher mono-carboxy isooctyl phthalate (MCiOP) was associated with higher Hyperactivity/Impulsivity scores (β = 0.07, 95% CI: −0.01, 0.15), especially among typically developing children. The associations of the molar sum of high molecular weight (HMW) phthalate metabolites and a phthalate metabolite mixture with Hyperactivity/Impulsivity scores were modified by sex, showing more pronounced adverse associations among females.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Exposure to phthalates during early childhood may impact ADHD behaviors in middle childhood and adolescence, particularly among females. Although our findings may not be broadly generalizable due to the diverse diagnostic profiles within our study population, our robust findings on sex-specific associations warrant further investigations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13994,"journal":{"name":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114377"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438463924000580/pdfft?md5=1719d49f9ef05615b419d0332dbdf572&pid=1-s2.0-S1438463924000580-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140816483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between serum perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl concentrations and diabetes mellitus in the Korean general population: Insights from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey 2018–2020","authors":"Habyeong Kang ,&nbsp;Shin-Hye Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><p>Recent epidemiologic research has examined the relationship between perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and diabetes mellitus with inconclusive findings. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to explore the association between serum PFAS concentrations and the prevalence of prediabetes and pre-diagnostic diabetes in the general Korean population as well as the combined effects of exposure to mixed PFAS compounds.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed data from participants aged ≥19 years enrolled in the Korean National Environmental Health Survey Cycle 4 (2018–2020). Individuals diagnosed with diabetes were excluded to minimize potential bias. We identified cases of pre-diagnostic diabetes based on the HbA1c level ≥6.5% and prediabetes as HbA1c levels of 5.7–6.49%. Serum concentrations of PFAS, including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDeA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Survey-weighted logistic regression models were used to assess the relationships between PFAS levels and diabetes risk, adjusting for covariates. Additionally, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was used to investigate the combined effects of exposure to mixed PFAS compounds.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the study population excluding participants with diagnosed diabetes (n = 2709), the prevalence of pre-diagnostic diabetes and prediabetes was 4.8% and 30.1%, respectively. Significant positive associations were found between serum PFHxS and PFOS quartiles and pre-diagnostic diabetes risk. Likewise, among those without diagnosed or pre-diagnostic diabetes (n = 2579), the highest quartiles of PFDeA, PFHxS, and PFOS and the overall PFAS level were associated with an increased risk of prediabetes compared with the lowest quartiles. BKMR analysis revealed a significant positive association between overall serum PFAS level and prediabetes risk, which was most marked for PFOS.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings highlight the potential health implications of PFAS exposure and prediabetes risk. Further research is needed to validate these associations and identify potential mechanistic pathways.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13994,"journal":{"name":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114385"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140649406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances with maternal early second trimester sex-steroid hormones","authors":"Diana C. Pacyga ,&nbsp;George D. Papandonatos ,&nbsp;Libeth Rosas ,&nbsp;Jason Whalen ,&nbsp;Sabrina Smith ,&nbsp;June-Soo Park ,&nbsp;Joseph C. Gardiner ,&nbsp;Joseph M. Braun ,&nbsp;Susan L. Schantz ,&nbsp;Rita S. Strakovsky","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Aims</h3><p>Pregnant women are exposed to persistent environmental contaminants, including per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that disrupt thyroid function. However, it is unclear if PFAS alter maternal sex-steroid hormone levels, which support pregnancy health and fetal development.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In Illinois women with relatively high socioeconomic status (n = 460), we quantified perfluorononanoic (PFNA), perfluorooctane sulfonic (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic (PFOA), methyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamide acetic acid, perfluorohexanesulphonic (PFHxS), perfluorodecanoic (PFDeA), and perfluoroundecanoic (PFUdA) acid concentrations in fasting serum samples at median 17 weeks gestation, along with plasma progesterone, testosterone, and estradiol. We evaluated covariate-adjusted associations of ln-transformed hormones with each ln-transformed PFAS individually using linear regression and with the PFAS mixture using quantile-based g-computation (QGComp).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Interquartile range (IQR) increases in PFOS were associated with higher progesterone (%Δ 3.0; 95%CI: −0.6, 6.6) and estradiol (%Δ: 8.1; 95%CI: 2.2, 14.4) levels. Additionally, PFHxS was positively associated with testosterone (%Δ: 10.2; 95%CI: 4.0, 16.7), whereas both PFDeA and PFUdA were inversely associated with testosterone (%Δ: −5.7; 95%CI: −10.3, −0.8, and %Δ: −4.1; 95%CI: −7.6, −0.4, respectively). The IQR-standardized PFAS mixture was not associated with progesterone (%Δ: 1.6; 95%CI: −5.8, 9.2), due equal partial positive (%Δ: 9.2; driven by PFOA) and negative (%Δ: −7.4; driven by PFOS) mixture associations. Similarly, the mixture was not associated with testosterone (%Δ: 5.3; 95%CI: −9.0, 20.1), due to similar partial positive (%Δ: 23.6; driven by PFHxS) and negative (%Δ: −17.4; driven by PFDeA) mixture associations. However, we observed a slightly stronger partial positive (%Δ: 25.6; driven by PFOS and PFUdA) than negative (%Δ: −16.3; driven by PFOA) association resulting in an overall non-significant positive trend between the mixture and estradiol (%Δ: 8.5; 95%CI: −3.7, 20.9).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>PFAS mixture modeled using QGComp was not associated with maternal sex-steroid hormones due to potential opposing effects of certain PFAS. Additional prospective studies could corroborate these findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13994,"journal":{"name":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114380"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140639226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outdoor air pollution as a risk factor for testing positive for SARS-CoV-2: A nationwide test-negative case-control study in the Netherlands","authors":"Mariana Simões ,&nbsp;Jelle Zorn ,&nbsp;Lenny Hogerwerf ,&nbsp;Guus J.M. Velders ,&nbsp;Lützen Portengen ,&nbsp;Miriam Gerlofs-Nijland ,&nbsp;Marieke Dijkema ,&nbsp;Maciek Strak ,&nbsp;José Jacobs ,&nbsp;Joost Wesseling ,&nbsp;Wilco J. de Vries ,&nbsp;Suzanne Mijnen-Visser ,&nbsp;Lidwien A.M. Smit ,&nbsp;Roel Vermeulen ,&nbsp;Lapo Mughini-Gras","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Air pollution is a known risk factor for several diseases, but the extent to which it influences COVID-19 compared to other respiratory diseases remains unclear. We performed a test-negative case-control study among people with COVID-19-compatible symptoms who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection, to assess whether their long- and short-term exposure to ambient air pollution (AAP) was associated with testing positive (<em>vs</em>. negative) for SARS-CoV-2. We used individual-level data for all adult residents in the Netherlands who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 between June and November 2020, when only symptomatic people were tested, and modeled ambient concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, NO₂ and O₃ at geocoded residential addresses. In long-term exposure analysis, we selected individuals who did not change residential address in 2017–2019 (1.7 million tests) and considered the average concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and NO₂ in that period, and different sources of PM (industry, livestock, other agricultural activities, road traffic, other Dutch sources, foreign sources). In short-term exposure analysis, individuals not changing residential address in the two weeks before testing day (2.7 million tests) were included in the analyses, thus considering 1- and 2-week average concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, NO₂ and O₃ before testing day as exposure. Mixed-effects logistic regression analysis with adjustment for several confounders, including municipality and testing week to account for spatiotemporal variation in viral circulation, was used. Overall, there was no statistically significant effect of long-term exposure to the studied pollutants on the odds of testing positive <em>vs</em>. negative for SARS-CoV-2. However, significant positive associations of long-term exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 from specifically foreign and livestock sources, and to PM10 from other agricultural sources, were observed. Short-term exposure to PM10 (adjusting for NO₂) and PM2.5 were also positively associated with increased odds of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. While these exposures seemed to increase COVID-19 risk relative to other respiratory diseases, the underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear. This study reinforces the need to continue to strive for better air quality to support public health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13994,"journal":{"name":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114382"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438463924000634/pdfft?md5=6e178ea0c6f623b6b93cfe4259c67ee8&pid=1-s2.0-S1438463924000634-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140638230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomonitoring of volatile organic compounds and organophosphorus flame retardands in commercial aircrews after „fume and smell events“","authors":"Tobias Weiss ,&nbsp;Stephan Koslitz ,&nbsp;Christoph Nöllenheidt ,&nbsp;Christoph Caumanns ,&nbsp;Jörg Hedtmann ,&nbsp;Heiko U. Käfferlein ,&nbsp;Thomas Brüning","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Health risks to humans after „fume and smell events“, short-term incidents on aircrafts that are accompanied by unpleasant odour or visible smoke, remain a subject of controversy. We assessed exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOC) and organophosphorus compounds (OPC) by biomonitoring in 375 aircrew members after self-reported “fume and smell events” and in 88 persons of the general population. A total of 20 parameters were analysed in blood and urine by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Median levels of acetone in blood and urine and 2-propanol in blood were elevated in aircrews compared to controls (p &lt; 0.0001). Additionally, elevated peak exposures, best estimated by the 95th percentiles, were observed in aircrews for <em>n</em>-heptane and <em>n</em>-octane in blood, and acetone, 2,5-hexanedione and <em>o</em>-cresol in urine. Only the maximum observed levels of 2,5-hexandione in urine (768 μg/L) and toluene in blood (77 μg/L) in aircrew members were higher than the current biological exposure indices (BEI® levels) (500 and 20 μg/L, respectively) of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (US-ACGIH) for workers occupationally exposed to <em>n</em>-hexane and toluene, two well-accepted human neurotoxicants. Low-level exposures to <em>n</em>-hexane and toluene could be also observed in controls. The majority of OPC parameters in urine, including those of neurotoxic <em>ortho</em>-isomers of tricresylphosphate, were below the limit of quantitation in both aircrews and controls. Our comparative VOC and OPC analyses in biological samples of a large number of aircrew members and controls suggest that exposures are similar in both groups and generally low.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13994,"journal":{"name":"International journal of hygiene and environmental health","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 114381"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1438463924000622/pdfft?md5=39f5be6e0148fba3a3216d84950c8bf2&pid=1-s2.0-S1438463924000622-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140631775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}