International Journal of Cosmetic Science最新文献

{"title":"Enlarged facial pores are associated with skin barrier impairment and microbiome dysbiosis in young Chinese women.","authors":"Li Shao, Mengzan Zhang, Yan Li, Laiji Ma, Jian Li, Hong Jiang, Tianming Bai, Suzhen Yang","doi":"10.1111/ics.70144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ics.70144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Enlarged facial pores represent a prominent and widely concerning skin condition, as well as a challenging issue in skin care. The unique structure of pores provides a favourable habitat for microorganisms. Consequently, it is of great significance to explore the relationship between pore size, skin microbiota and their microenvironment. This study is the first to investigate the correlations between pore area, skin physiological and microbiota characteristics, providing a theoretical basis for the care of skin with enlarged pores.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on VISIA CR photographs, 199 women aged 18-35 years living in Shanghai were enrolled and categorized into four groups (P1, P2, P3 and P4) according to pore area, ranging from the smallest (P1) to the largest (P4). Non-invasive biophysical techniques and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing were employed to analyse facial skin physiological parameters and skin microbiome, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As facial pore size increased, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), haemoglobin and melanin levels increased significantly, whereas skin elasticity decreased. Sebum exhibited an increasing trend, with the P4 group showing significantly higher sebum than the P2 group. Alpha diversity, as assessed by the Shannon index, decreased significantly as pore size increased, suggesting that enlarged pores may be closely associated with skin microbiome dysbiosis. Furthermore, with increasing pore size, the abundance of Cutibacterium increased significantly, whereas those of Pseudomonas, Streptococcus and Rhodococcus decreased. Correlation analysis of skin physiological parameters revealed that sebum was positively associated with TEWL, haemoglobin, and a value. Meanwhile, the abundance of Cutibacterium was significantly positively correlated with sebum, haemoglobin and a value. Correlation network analysis of skin microbial communities indicated significantly different correlation patterns for P1 and P4. Collectively, these findings suggest that sebum and Cutibacterium abundance play critical roles in regulating pore size.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Enlarged pores were associated with excessive sebum production, reduced skin elasticity and increased TEWL, indicative of compromised skin barrier function. Furthermore, pore size significantly modulated the structure of the local skin microbiome, as regions with different pore sizes exhibited marked disparities in microbial diversity and abundance. These findings highlight the potential role of skin microbiome dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of pore enlargement.</p>","PeriodicalId":13936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cosmetic Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148919786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cool versus warm water for facial cleansing: A randomized controlled clinical study of skin barrier, skin physiology, cleansing efficacy and water consumption.","authors":"Stewart Long, Kim Fenn, Kathryn Harvey, Pippa Ward, Callum O'Brien","doi":"10.1111/ics.70120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ics.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To quantify the effects of water temperature and tap-running behaviour during routine facial cleansing on skin barrier function, skin physiological parameters, make-up-removal efficacy and the associated water and energy consumption.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a 10-day, randomized, controlled clinical study, 52 healthy adults (46 women, 6 men; aged 19-72 years) cleansed their face daily using ELEMIS Pro-Collagen Cleansing Balm under one of four conditions: cool or warm water, with the tap either turned off during cleansing or left running. Participants were blinded to the environmental objectives. Water usage was covertly recorded with calibrated meters on the hot and cold feed pipes. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL; Tewameter® TM 300), skin hydration (Corneometer® CM 825), skin pH (skin pH-meter PH 905) and skin radiance and translucency (TLS-850®, Diastron Ltd) were measured at baseline and on days 1, 2, 4, 7 and 10. Make-up-removal efficacy was evaluated colourimetrically following standardized light- and heavy-make-up regimens. Cumulative effects on TEWL were summarized as area under the curve (AUC) over 10 days. Between-group differences were tested with two-way ANOVA, the Mann-Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test; α = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Warm-water cleansing used on average 27% more water per cleansing event than cool-water cleansing (p < 0.04). Repeated warm-water cleansing produced a statistically significant increase in TEWL of approximately 3.4 g·m^-2·h^-1 at day 10 (p < 0.01), consistent with impairment of barrier function, whereas cool-water cleansing produced no significant change (Δ ≈ 1 g·m^-2·h^-1; p = 0.15). Cool-water cleansing was associated with a small but statistically significant fall in skin surface pH (Δ -0.4 pH units, p < 0.02), whereas pH was unchanged with warm water. Stratum-corneum hydration declined modestly in all groups. Make-up-removal efficacy did not differ significantly between water temperatures (p > 0.05 for all colourimetric comparisons), with both regimens returning skin colour values to baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Routine facial cleansing with cool water preserves skin barrier integrity, supports a more favourable skin surface pH and matches the make-up-removal performance of warm-water cleansing while substantially reducing water and energy consumption. Cool-water cleansing offers a behaviourally accessible route to combine measurable skin benefits with a reduced environmental footprint.</p>","PeriodicalId":13936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cosmetic Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148929950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding beautiful ageing in the boomer generation: Insights from a cross-generational study with American women.","authors":"Frederic Flament, Estelle Porcher, Ruowei Jiang, Diala Haykal, Lea Rousseau, Soheil Seyfaie, Jeff Houghton","doi":"10.1111/ics.70148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ics.70148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Age is a component of our social identities, shaped by social processes and cultural norms. This study aimed at decoding the beautiful aspects of ageing in the US Boomer population and assessed whether younger and older generations of people perceive ageing differently.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The photographs of 218 models aged 60-70 years were rated by a panel comprised 190 American women aged 18-65 years, both cohorts being recruited with all phototypes and diverse ethnic origins. A questionnaire with seven criteria relative to skin ageing (beautiful, radiant, confidence, healthy, vibrant, my skin looks like her, happy) was used for subjective assessment. The panel rated the photographs on a 10-point scale while an AI-based algorithm graded 14 facial signs pertinent for further analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study reveals no significant difference between young and older judges in rating pictures, indicating a shared perception across age groups but differing in terms of intensity. Despite cultural variations such as ethnicity, phototype, and age, the interpretation of the photographs is consistent. Furthermore, except for pores, all clinical signs show a negative correlation with perceptions. Whether evaluating photographs of elderly individuals or their peers, both age groups exhibited similar interpretations, highlighting a novel trend in the perception of ageing. These findings suggest a universal understanding of ageing indicators across different demographics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study privileged the perception of positive ageing and the significant impact on social or psychosocial relations. Indeed, findings shed light on the intricate interplay between clinical signs and subjective perception, providing valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of age perception. The outcome of this study paves the way towards integrating online and offline services with accurate algorithms tailored for boomers, opening the road for new holistic experiences. Additionally, this study also offers insights into the concept of perceiving ageing more positively and its link to longevity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cosmetic Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148919661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chaves thermal spring water formulation: Substantiating anti-ageing and anti-inflammatory effects.","authors":"Pedro Emanuel Rocha, Margarida Faustino, Silvia Santos Pedrosa, Maria José Alves, Cátia Fidalgo, Daniela Correia, Ana Raquel Madureira","doi":"10.1111/ics.70137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ics.70137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thermal spring waters are known for their distinctive mineral compositions, which provide health-promoting, antioxidant, immunomodulatory and skin barrier-reinforcing effects. Historically valued for therapeutic use, these waters have recently gained renewed interest as active components in cosmetic and dermatological formulations. Previous works characterized one of Portugal's most renowned thermal waters from Chaves, revealing its potential as a dermatological base ingredient due to its anti-inflammatory effects, namely the reduction of interleukin-6 in stimulated human keratinocytes. In vivo assays further demonstrated improved skin barrier function, as evidenced by decreased transepidermal water loss and enhanced hydration without disturbing the skin microbiota.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Building on these results, a new formulation was developed using Chaves thermal water as both solvent and active ingredient, combined with natural extracts of mallow (Malva sylvestris) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus), and the natural chelating agent sodium phytate to achieve a high natural index. This formulation was compared with the isolated thermal water to evaluate synergistic bioactivities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A formulation containing ~80% Chaves thermal spring water, Malva sylvestris and Cucumis sativus extracts and sodium phytate was prepared and characterized. Antioxidant activity (ABTS/DPPH), ferrous ion chelation and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-1, tyrosinase and elastase were evaluated. Anti-inflammatory effects were assessed in particulate matter-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes by measuring interleukin-6 and interleukin-1α (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)). Antimicrobial screening against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis was performed using growth curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This formulation was compared with the isolated thermal water to evaluate synergistic bioactivities. The results revealed a substantial increase in antioxidant capacity, as shown by enhanced ABTS radical scavenging activity and stronger inhibitory effects on ageing-related enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinase-1, tyrosinase and elastase. Anti-inflammatory activity was confirmed through reductions in both interleukin-1α and interleukin-6 levels, the former showing notable improvement compared with the thermal water.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, this study demonstrates that combining Chaves thermal spring water with synergistic natural extracts yields a multifunctional cosmetic ingredient with amplified antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-ageing properties, offering strong potential for advanced skin care applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cosmetic Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148919756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Directional analysis of upper eyelid wrinkles and a quantitative index for periorbital ageing.","authors":"Ken Suematsu, Momoko Hayamizu, Rie Nakamura","doi":"10.1111/ics.70139","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ics.70139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Periorbital ageing, manifested by wrinkles, exerts significant influence on perceived age and attractiveness, making this a primary target for anti-ageing interventions. Previous quantitative assessments of periorbital ageing have predominantly focused on the number or depth of wrinkles. In this study, we aimed to develop a novel approach to quantify age-related changes in the orientation of wrinkles on the upper eyelids.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This longitudinal study (2010-2019) involved 87 healthy Japanese women (aged 22-62 years) with up to nine time points. Facial images were captured by the VISIA-Evolution system and expert-rated wrinkle scores were generated for multiple facial regions. Images of the left upper eyelid were analysed by morphological opening to decompose the wrinkle line segments into six directions (0° to 150° from vertical). We then defined a wrinkle dominance index (WDI) for each direction and investigated its association with age and expert-rated wrinkle scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the six directions, only the 60° WDI showed an evident age-related increase (r = 0.58, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51-0.64); furthermore, this trend accelerated after 40 years of age. Participants ≥ 40 years of age with higher 60° WDI values exhibited significantly higher expert-rated wrinkle scores for the right lateral periorbital area (p < 0.05) and lower eyelids (p < 0.05) after adjusting for age. No significant associations were identified for non-periorbital facial regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 60° WDI of the upper eyelid represents a quantitative indicator of periorbital ageing progression. This image-based, orientation-specific metric provides a practical tool for the objective evaluation of periorbital skin ageing in both clinical and cosmetic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cosmetic Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148919744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba) cake fermentation: A new, sustainable technology for advanced skin and scalp care ingredients.","authors":"James V Gruber, Amber Schwartz, Nicole Terpak, Robert Holtz, Ana Lucia Tabarini Alves Pinheiro, Mayara Miranda Ferreira, Viviane Cristina Albarici, Juliana Rodrigues Pinto","doi":"10.1111/ics.70138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ics.70138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Simmondsia chinensis is a well-known commercially popular plant from which jojoba oil is extracted. Jojoba cake is a sustainably produced, intractable by-product of the jojoba seed oil extraction currently used principally as a fertilizer or burned as fuel. Fermentation work conducted with various microorganisms, including Lactobacillus plantarum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Streptococcus thermophilus, sustainably grown on aqueous jojoba cake fermented the cake, liberating jojoba-based amino acids, peptides and proteins. The ferments have been examined chemically and via in vitro cell and tissue studies to develop new skin and scalp care targeted ingredients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The jojoba cake contained nutrients (proteins, sugars and lipids) that self-sustain aqueous bacterial fermentation. The ferments were examined on 3D tissue models in vitro via human genomic microarrays. A ferment produced by Lactobacillus plantarum was further tested in vitro using ELISA protein assays on skin cell cultures. A 56-day clinical study on 46 individuals examined the influence of 1.0% of the Lactobacillus ferment on collagen expression using Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gene responses were measured on 244+ genes known to have skin functions. It was found that the Lactobacillus ferment showed the greatest upregulation of skin-associated genes, and three highly upregulated proteins were examined more closely in vitro using ELISA protein assays: collagen-1A1, protocadherin-18 and opioid growth factor receptor. Each protein was upregulated in a dose-dependent fashion. The collagen analysis by DRS demonstrated a statistically significant increase in collagen fluorescence on Day 28 and Day 56 compared to baseline and placebo cream. Further mapping of the collagen fluorescence was done on the individuals using the active formulation at Days 0, 28 and 56.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Jojoba cake presents a new source of sustainably grown biomass, but the cake is not suitable for topical applications. Fermentation produces components more suitable for topical care. In vitro studies demonstrated upregulation of three skin proteins associated with healing skin. Further studies also employed a newly emerging spectroscopic technique to measure collagen fluorescence in the skin in vivo, the results supporting in vitro work indicating the ferment made with Lactobacillus was able to stimulate collagen synthesis in the skin.</p>","PeriodicalId":13936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cosmetic Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148891658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface tension-induced mechanotransduction in keratinocytes influences fibroblast activity and dermal matrix composition.","authors":"Julien Chlasta, Gaël Runel, Manon Boussard, Tiphaine Pele-Joly, Karl Pays, Carine Nizard, Valérie Alard, Cécilia Brun","doi":"10.1111/ics.70141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ics.70141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Human skin is a highly dynamic organ capable of sensing and responding to mechanical stimuli through tightly regulated communication between the epidermis and dermis. Daily mechanical forces-such as stretching and compression-modulate skin structure and function via mechanotransduction pathways. Central to this process are the mechanosensitive Piezo channels, which convert mechanical tension into electrochemical signals. While the role of Piezo channels in epidermal keratinocytes has been established, it remains unclear whether mechanical tension at the skin's surface can influence deeper dermal responses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we examined whether Piezo-mediated mechanotransduction in keratinocytes affects fibroblast activity and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling in the dermis. We applied controlled mechanical tension to the skin surface by the application of cosmetic products on the stratum corneum and measured key features of fibroblast activity and dermal matrix composition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We showed that generating surface tension-induced mechanotransduction in keratinocytes is consistent with the activation of Piezo channels and molecular changes in markers from distinct compartments, including the epidermal protein E-cadherin and dermal ECM proteins such as fibronectin and collagen III. These alterations suggest activation of downstream signalling pathways that may influence dermal fibroblasts, leading to remodelling of key ECM proteins including fibronectin and collagen III, while elastin levels remained unchanged.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings support the hypothesis that mechanical cues at the epidermal level, sensed via Piezo channels, may participate in interlayer communication and be associated with ECM remodelling in the dermis, supporting the hypothesis of a potential epidermis-to-dermis mechanotransduction axis in human skin.</p>","PeriodicalId":13936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cosmetic Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic understanding and peptide ingredient screening for type III collagen via biological knowledge graph and molecular docking.","authors":"Shanshan Zang, Zhiqiang Chen, Jie Qiu, Yao Gu, Nan Li, Liang Zhang, Wanze Wang, Xinxin Chen, Yuan Ma, Amiao Pan, Wei Lan, Lun Yu, Meijie Wang, Shaohua Wang","doi":"10.1111/ics.70140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ics.70140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Type III collagen plays a key role in maintaining skin elasticity and dermal resilience, yet its decline is associated with visible signs of skin ageing. This study aimed to establish a data-driven approach to identify cosmetic peptides with potential to enhance type III collagen through multi-target regulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A combined strategy integrating natural language processing (NLP) and knowledge graph (KG) analysis was applied to systematically identify targets associated with type III collagen regulation. Peptides listed in the Inventory of Existing Cosmetic Ingredients in China (IECIC) were screened based on structure-based molecular docking with multiple targets. Candidate peptides were selected for experimental evaluation using human dermal fibroblasts and ex vivo skin models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By integrating large-scale literature mining with NLP and KG-based gene interaction analysis, we constructed a comprehensive network of genes involved in type III collagen regulation, covering processes such as collagen synthesis, degradation and extracellular matrix (ECM) organization. Based on this network, candidate peptides with predicted multi-target interactions were prioritized through structure-based screening. In vitro, four selected peptides-palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7, acetyl hexapeptide-8, palmitoyl tripeptide-1 and palmitoyl tetrapeptide-10-significantly increased type III collagen levels following UV exposure, without detectable cytotoxicity. The combination of these peptides exhibited a greater effect than individual components. In ex vivo skin tissues, the peptide combination further enhanced the levels of type I, III and IV collagens, indicating a broader modulatory effect on dermal ECM components.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides a practical framework for the identification of cosmetic peptides targeting collagen regulation. The findings support a multi-target approach and suggest that peptide combinations may enhance collagen-related outcomes relevant to skin ageing applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cosmetic Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights from data analysis of 12 global clinical studies on hair shedding.","authors":"Yingjie Li, Shengnan Lin, Sarah Paterson, Tony Dadd, Jiayin Gu, Ranjit K Bhogal, Zulfa Hudaya, Hepsy Y Selliah, Mingming Pu, Jianing N Sun","doi":"10.1111/ics.70136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ics.70136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Excessive hair shedding continues to be a major concern for individuals, negatively affecting their wellbeing and confidence. This research analysed 12 clinical studies involving 805 participants (323 males and 482 females) across eight countries (China, Indonesia, UK, India, Brazil, Thailand, Turkey and US) with concerns about hair loss. Two recent studies in China and a study in Indonesia were investigated in depth, focusing on hair shedding and breakage conditions, and age-related differences in hair shedding. The two China studies were further investigated in hair shedding during different scalp or hair care procedures (washing, drying, and combing after drying). Additionally, nine historical clinical studies from various regions were further reviewed for hair shedding and breakage conditions to provide a global view on this topic. Across the three recent Asian studies, whilst total hair fall comprised both shed hairs from the root (exogen hairs with a typical club end) and broken hairs, shed hairs from the root represented the predominant proportion, accounting for an average of 96.5% of total hair fall in Chinese female participants, 98.8% in Chinese male participants, and 72.2% in Indonesian female participants. Analysis of the nine historical studies supported the insight that shed hairs from the root are more than broken hairs. Regardless of region or gender, more shed hairs from the root were collected from scalp than broken hairs, with shed hair proportions ranging from 67.1% to 97.7%. Data mining of the two recent Chinese studies revealed that most hair shedding occurred during the washing stage (49.6% in females and 74.1% in males), followed by drying and combing after drying. Further analysis of the 2 recent Chinese studies and the recent Indonesian study also explored the differences in hair shedding with age. Spearman correlation analysis showed an increasing trend of hair shedding with age in female participants. Subgroup analysis of younger (18-42 years) and older participants (>42 years) using the Mann-Whitney U test also indicated increased hair shedding with age in females.</p>","PeriodicalId":13936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cosmetic Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148828100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the sensitivity of emulsion stability monitoring: A study based on precursor signals from multiple light scattering analysis.","authors":"Chenxin Zhou, Yubo Li, Wenchan Pan, Kuan Ou, Yilei Li, Wanping Zhang, Xiaofeng Qiu","doi":"10.1111/ics.70129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ics.70129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To accurately identify early destabilization signals in emulsions, this study employed multiple light scattering (MLS) technology combined with microscopic observation, particle size analysis and long-term macroscopic stability tests to perform a multi-scale evaluation on a series of emulsions. By comparing the migration of the transmission light inflection point, the average rate of change of backscattered light intensity (BS_MRC) and the uniformity index (U) of samples under different temperatures, the intrinsic correlation between MLS signals and emulsion stability was systematically analysed. The results indicated that three typical destabilization phenomena can be predicted based on the characteristics of the inflection point changes. Further dynamic tracking of BS_MRC and U revealed that for stable samples, both BS_MRC and U remained at low levels. During destabilization at high temperature (45°C), a significant increase in BS_MRC served as a precursor indicator of phase separation. During destabilization at low temperature (-16°C), the U value markedly increased while BS_MRC changed gradually, reflecting mechanical damage induced by freezing. In conclusion, multiple light scattering technology can capture destabilization signals in emulsions in advance, with sensitivity superior to traditional visual observation, thereby providing an efficient and reliable technical approach for formulation screening and long-term stability prediction of emulsions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13936,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cosmetic Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}