International Forestry Review最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic Estimates of Tree Carbon Storage and Shade in Mediterranean Urban Areas","authors":"F. Orlandi, A. Ranfa, C. Proietti, L. Ruga, F. Ventura, M. Fornaciari","doi":"10.1505/146554822835629569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822835629569","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS The paper highlights the understanding of the relationship between morphological parameters and carbon sequestration, during plant growth in urban environments, considering allometric equations and establishing specific “Growth Matrices”. Scientific dissemination initiatives were developed that engaged citizens in training activities aimed at the collection of data needed to implement an urban tree management system. A web-app was developed to enable both urban planners and citizens to interact with the database for evaluating ecosystem values. The LIFE Project evaluated ecosystem services of urban green assets in terms of carbon storage, particulate absorption, cooling effect and increase in biodiversity. The implemented methodology allowed the interpretation of future CO2 storage values. SUMMARY To highlight the ecosystem value of trees in the urban environment an EU's funding instrument for the environment and climate action – LIFE Project – was undertaken involving four Mediterranean cities as study cases: Thessaloniki in Greece, Cascais in Portugal, and Perugia and Bologna in Italy. The methodology utilized to evaluate plant carbon storage and shade areas highlighted the usefulness of gathering data about both the current urban green asset in the Project's investigated areas and future potential performances of the same asset to evaluate its efficiency in the forthcoming decades (2030–2050). The lower future potential of some cities for CO2 storage can be attributed to having older ‘green assets’ in comparison to other municipalities. A projection over the next 30 years on the basis of census results in the 4 studied areas highlighted the potential of some green areas characterised by the presence of efficient carbon storage tree species (high-growing broadleaf plants) while still small in size. The main objective of this study was to present both the current urban green asset carbon storage potential in the studied areas and also its future potential efficiency. Another aim of the work was to develop tree growth curves in urban areas, not only to estimate tree volumes but also to estimate the present and future shade areas related to woody plants' presence. With regard to CO2 storage simulation, the research highlighted the potential of green areas in Perugia that present tree species particularly efficient at carbon storage yet still small in size. Conversely, the lowest value presented by the species recorded in Cascais was influenced by the predominance of Cupressus sempervirens and Pinus pinea: two species not particularly efficient and large in size with average DBH values above 50 cm. Afin de mettre en évidence la valeur écosystémique des arbres dans l'environnement urbain, un instrument de financement de l'UE pour l'environnement et l'action climatique – le projet LIFE – a été mis en place en impliquant quatre villes méditerranéennes comme cas d'étude: Thessalonique en Grèce, Cascais au Portugal, Pérouse et Bologne en Ital","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"225 - 239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49546165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Performance of State Forest Enterprises in Czech and Slovak Republics with a Focus on Concessions","authors":"J. Krykorkova, K. Báliková, J. Šálka, P. Surový, M. Krott, M. Stevanov","doi":"10.1505/146554822835629587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822835629587","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS Both enterprises are heavily oriented toward traditional goods (wood). No great effort is devoted to non-market demand or innovative forest goods. Profit is a considerable difference between enterprises. Enterprises keep a low political profile (weak advocacy of forestry, no mediator). The 3L Model provides a solid basis upon which to compare the Czech and Slovak enterprises. SUMMARY The comprehensive performance of the Lesy ČR and Lesy SR forest enterprises was evaluated three decades after the separation of the Czech and Slovak Republics. Implementation of the overarching goal of sustainable forest management was studied using the criteria and indicators approach of the theory-based 3L Model. Quantitative and qualitative data, collected from 2016 to 2019 by means of surveys (face-to-face interviews and questionnaire), document analysis and observation, show similarities and differences between two enterprises that have completely different business models: concessions (Lesy ČR) vs. management by state organisation (Lesy SR). Both enterprises focus intensely on sustaining forest stands (rooted in strong state regulation), though guaranteeing sustainability within the state forest entrusted to the Lesy ČR entails great risk. Despite growing public pressures, both enterprises have a rather weak orientation toward non-market demand. In addition, their political role is weak and no great effort is devoted to innovation (new forest goods). Furthermore, the economic performance of the enterprises studied reveals a big difference: Lesy ČR generates an incomparably high profit, not only when measured against Lesy SR but also against other European state forest enterprises. La performance complète des entreprises forestières Lesy ČR et Lesy SR ont été évaluées trois décennies après la séparation des républiques tchèques et slovaques. Le but holistique de la gestion forestière durable a été étudié en suivant les critères et les indicateurs de l'approche du modèle 3L basé sur la théorie. Des données quantitatives et qualitatives recueillies de 2016 à 2019 au moyen d'enquêtes (questionnaire et interviews face à face), des analyses de documents et l'observation montrent différences et similarités entre deux entreprises suivant des modèles de business entièrement différents: des concessions (Lesy ČR) à l'encontre d'une gestion par une organisation gouvernementale (Lesy SR). Les deux entreprises se concentrent fortement sur un soutien du peuplement forestier (ancré dans des règlements gouvernementaux solides), bien que garantir la durabilité dans la forêt d'état livrée à la Lesy ČR comporte de grands risques. Malgré la montée de la pression publique, les deux entreprises ont une orientation plutôt faible vers les demandes hors-marché. De plus, leur rôle politique est inconséquent et peu d'effort est dévolu à l'innovation (nouveaux produits forestiers). La performance économique des entreprises étudiées révèle toutefois une différence notoire: la Les","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"175 - 196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44172358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution and Cultural Identity of Sacred Groves in Togo","authors":"K. Hounkpati, K. Adjonou, K. Kokou","doi":"10.1505/146554822835629550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822835629550","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS Togo has more than 780 sacred groves, covering 3 628 ha. Five vegetation formations were recorded in the sacred groves: dry semi-deciduous forests, woodlands, tree savannas, shrub savannas and mangroves. Sacred groves are distributed among 25 ethnic groups and 6 major socio-cultural groups. The largest number of sacred groves were recorded with the Adja-Ewé ethnic group located in the south of the country. This study highlights the opportunities that sacred groves present for the Forest Landscape Restoration initiative and implementation of REDD+ strategies in Togo. SUMMARY Sacred groves are important for biodiversity conservation but they face several threats. This study explores the contribution of these forest to the Togo Forest Landscape Restoration initiative and REDD+ implementation, based on inventories and systematic mapping. The results reveal that Togo has more than 780 sacred groves which cover 3,627.68 ha. The vegetation types cover by the sacred groves are woodlands (1 974.3 ha), dry semi-deciduous forests (882.52 ha) and tree savannas (537.82 ha). Many deities and vocations were associated with the sacred groves; ceremonial and prayer sacred groves (80,86%), voodoo and conservation sacred groves (12,46%), cemetery or burial sacred groves (3,11%), residence or retreat sacred groves (2.52%), secret meetings, and festivities or celebrations sacred groves (1,03%). These results highlight the need to consider sacred groves within the framework of the Togo Forest Landscape Restoration initiative and implementation of REDD+ strategies. Les forêts sacrées sont reconnues comme de véritables patrimoines de conservation de la biodiversité. Cependant, plusieurs menaces conduisent à une disparition de ces îlots forestiers. Cette étude vise à explorer la contribution de ces forêts dans l'Initiative de Restauration des Paysages Forestiers (AFR100) et la mise en œuvre de la REDD+, en mettant en évidence la distribution géographique, les caractéristiques végétales et les identités culturelles de ces forêts. Les résultats révèlent que le Togo compte plus de 780 FS qui couvrent une superficie estimée à 3627,68 ha. Les Ilots de forêt les plus dominants sont les forêts claires (1 974,3 ha), les forêts denses (882,52 ha) et les savanes boisées (537,82 ha). Plusieurs vocations et divinités sont associées aux forêts sacrées; les forêts de cérémonies et de prières (80,86%), les forêts sacrées fétiches et de conservation (12,46%), les forêts sacrées cimetières ou à enterrement (3,11%), les forêts sacrées de résidence ou couvent (2.52%), les forêts sacrées de réunions secrètes, de réjouissances ou célébrations (1,03%). Ces résultats mettent en évidence l'importance des forêts sacrées dans la mise en œuvre des Initiatives de Restauration du Paysage Forestier au Togo et dans l'implémentation de la stratégie de la REDD+. Las arboledas sagradas son importantes para la conservación de la biodiversidad. Sin embargo, se enfrentan a diferentes amenazas. Es","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"163 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45754505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sawnwood Value Chain Analysis in Ulanga District and Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania","authors":"R. S. Mwinyimkuu, B. Temu, J. Makindara, J. Abdallah","doi":"10.1505/146554822835629514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822835629514","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS Sawnwood value chains consist of different actors each of whom perform activities that affect others. The main beneficiaries of the sawnwood value chain are retailers and wholesalers, although the former receives most of the profits. Sawnwood producers benefit least from the value chain. Timber cartels affect producer prices. Producer marketing groups should be formed in order to overcome the influence of timber cartels. SUMMARY This study analysed sawnwood value chain in Ulanga District and Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania, focussing on mapping of actors, determining profit at each node and examining factors influencing profitability among actors along the sawnwood value chain. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected. A sample of 66 respondents were interviewed (26 producers and 11 wholesalers from Ulanga districts and 29 retailers from Morogoro Municipality) from four wards based on their market relationship. Content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data and sub-sector mapping was employed to map sawnwood value chains. Profit margin analysis and multiple regression models were used to analyse quantitative data. Results indicated that there were various actors in the sawnwood value chain with the major ones being sawnwood producers, wholesalers/transporters, retailers and consumers as well as service providers. The profit accrued along the value chain is comparable among retailers and wholesalers, who also play the role of transporters, while producers benefit less from the sawnwood value chain. The results indicated that producers, wholesalers/transporters and retailers take 15.5%, 38.5% and 46.3% of the total profit, respectively. Regression analysis indicated that price, quality of sawnwood and the initial capital influenced actors' profit. It is recommended that sawnwood producers should be organized and pool their capital in order to increase their competitiveness in sawnwood markets. Cette étude a analysé la chaîne de valeur des sciages dans le district de l'Ulanga et la Municipalité du Morogoro en Tanzanie, en se concentrant sur la cartographie des acteurs, en déterminant le profit à chaque maillon et en examinant les facteurs influençant la profitabilité parmi les acteurs tout au long de la chaîne de valeur des sciages. Des données qualitatives, ainsi que quantitatives ont été recueillies. Un échantillon de 66 interlocuteurs a été interviewé (26 producteurs et 11 grossistes dans le district de l'Ulanga et 29 détaillants dans la municipalité du Morogoro) dans quatre quartiers, en se basant sur leur rapport au marché. Une analyse de contenu a été utilisée pour analyser les données qualitatives, et une cartographie du sous-secteur pour représenter les chaînes de valeur des sciages. Une analyse des marges de profit et des modèles de régression multiple ont servi à analyser les données quantitatives. Les résultats ont indiqué que des acteurs variés sont présents dans la chaîne de valeur des sciages, les acteurs","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"208 - 224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45950977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KeY Drivers of LULCC in Co-Managed and Government-Managed Forest Reserves in Malawi (1999–2018)","authors":"M. Gondwe, P. Chirwa, M. Cho, C. Geldenhuys, R. Tshidzumba","doi":"10.1505/146554822835224838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822835224838","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS Woodlands were lost to grassland and agriculture between 1999–2018 in both co-managed, and government-managed forest reserves. The perception of communities also confirmed the conversion of woodlands. The increase in population and poverty influenced livelihood pressure on woodlands. The success of the implementation of co-management plans requires improved empowerment processes and capacity building. In government-managed forest reserves, fighting corruption, license monitoring, and development of management plans could sustain woodlands. SUMMARY Interventions through co-management (CM) and government-management (GM) for forest reserves can mitigate degradation and deforestation. Few studies have investigated the driving forces of Land Use/Cover Change (LULCC) using Remote sensing and socioeconomic data to assess the impact of management strategies on woodlands. This study investigated factors influencing LULCC in two co-managed and two government-managed forest reserves (FR) between 1999 and 2018 in Malawi. Images from the Environment for Analysing Images and data from respondents representing 30% of the communities surrounding four FR were analysed in SPSS. Woodland loss to grassland, agriculture was observed in Liwonde CM, Kaning'ina and Thambani GM FR. Communities' perceptions confirmed woodland conversion. Population increases and poverty exacerbated agriculture and wood energy use. Up-scaling CM requires improved empowerment processes and capacity building. There is a need to curb corruption, monitor licensing, and develop forest plans and law enforcement in GM FR. Promoting geospatial and socioeconomic analysis tools will enhance forest monitoring. Les interventions à l'aide de la cogestion (CM) et de la gestion gouvernementale (GM) peuvent mitiger la dégradation et le déboisement des réserves forestières. Peu d'études se sont portées sur les forces motrices du changement d'utilisation et de couvert du sol (LULCC) en utilisant la télédétection et les données socioéconomiques pour évaluer l'impact des stratégies de gestion sur les terres forestières. Cette étude a investigué les facteurs influençant le LULCC dans deux réserves forestières (FR) cogérées et deux autres sous gestion gouvernementale, entre 1999 et 2018, au Malawi. Des images provenant des Images pour l'analyse de l'environnement et des données d'interlocuteurs représentant 30% des communautés dans la zone de quatre FRs ont été analysées en SPSS. La perte des bois aux profit des prairies et de l'agriculture a été observée au FR CM Liwonde, au Kaning'ina et au Thambani GM FR. La perception par les communautés confirmait la conversion des terres boisées. La croissance de la population et la pauvreté exacerbaient l'agriculture et l'utilisation du bois de combustion. Le renforcement de la CM nécessite une amélioration des processus de responsabilisation et de renforcement des capacités. Il est nécessaire de mettre fin à la corruption, de surveiller l'octroi des licences,","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"15 3","pages":"1 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41299138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Awareness and Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Forest Conservation in Malaysia","authors":"M. S. Sin, M. Kamaludin, W. Qing, M. Abdullah","doi":"10.1505/146554822835224865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822835224865","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS The public are willing to pay to safeguard forests in Malaysia. Education level and household income are positively related to the public's willingness to pay. Introduction of a new entrance fee will be used for forest conservation activities. The money value calculated for willingness to pay (WTP) using the single bounded Contingent Valuation Method is higher than with the double bounded Contingent Valuation Method. The view of the public is that a declining forest area will have a negative effect on the environment. SUMMARY Protecting forests and their wildlife from threats such as encroachment, illegal logging and poaching is vital to safeguard their existence for future generations, and is crucial for the balance of our ecosystem. The Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) currently has a man-made forest under its protection where the forest area is managed sustainably and systematically to ensure the ecosystem in Kuala Lumpur remains in balance. In order to assess forest conservation and its impacts on the urban community, this study focuses on the level of public awareness for forest conservation and willingness to pay (WTP) to maintain the area. The importance and value of a forest are determined using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). The mean WTP is affected by household income and education level. This research provides a guideline for stakeholders in forest areas and evaluates public awareness via their WTP for forest conservation. Moreover, knowledge of forest conservation by communities helps governments in resolving common problems relating to forestry policy, administration, and management. La protection des forêts et de leur faune contre les menaces telles que l'empiètement, la coupe de bois illégale et le braconnage est vitale pour préserver leur existence pour les générations futures, et est cruciale pour l'équilibre de notre écosystème. L'institut malais de recherche forestière (FRIM) prend actuellement la forêt créée par l'homme sous sa protection quand cette forêt est gérée durablement et systématiquement, pour assurer que l'écosystème de Kuala Lumpur préserve son équilibre. Afin d'évaluer la conservation forestière et ses impacts sur la communauté urbaine, cette étude se concentre sur le niveau de prise de conscience du public de la conservation forestière et sur son état de préparation à contribuer financièrement (WTP) pour maintenir la zone. La valeur et l'importance d'une forêt sont déterminées en utilisant la méthode d'évaluation contingente (CVM). La moyenne du WTP est affectée par les revenus des foyers et par le niveau d'éducation. Cette recherche offre des repères aux parties prenantes des zones forestières et évalue le degré de prise de conscience du public par le biais de leur WTP pour la conservation. De plus, la connaissance de la conservation forestière par les communautés aide les gouvernements à résoudre les problèmes courants affectant la politique forestière, l'administration et la gestion","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"98 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47451294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating Wildfire Suppression Costs: A Systematic Review","authors":"W. Mattioli, C. Ferrara, E. Lombardo, A. Barbati, L. Salvati, A. Tomao","doi":"10.1505/146554822835224801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822835224801","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS A systematic review of the literature on forest fire suppression costs was undertaken in order to understand the main methodological approaches used to date. The methodological approaches used for suppression costs estimation are highly varied and consequently the related literature is fragmented and unstructured. The systematic analysis of the literature reveals significant differences in the distribution of publications in different geographical areas over time. When comparing articles from North America and Europe, the applied methodology for suppression cost estimation or calculation varies significantly. There is a divergence between the theoretical needs and current availability of official data on fire suppression costs, especially in fire-prone Mediterranean countries. As a result, providing accurate economic assessments of suppressing costs for both individual and entire fire season events is challenging for these countries. SUMMARY The cost of suppressing fires is known to be highly significant and increasing over time as a result of the indirect effects of climate change and rising human impacts. Their quantification is an essential component of an environmental accounting system, capable of providing updated information for policy design and implementation. The goal of this study was to provide an overview of the state-of-art of international literature on wildfire suppression costs. To this aim, a systematic literature review was carried out revealing that the largest amount of empirical data on suppression costs and related measures derived from North American case studies. Conversely, information on direct wildfire suppression cost categories is usually incomplete or missing throughout Europe, especially in fire-prone Mediterranean countries, even though these areas have been, and continue to be, severely impacted by wildfires, underlining the need to update research in this field, thereby supporting cost-effective fire management plans. Il est connu que les coûts de la suppression des incendies sont palpables et croissent au cours du temps, du fait de l'effet indirect du changement climatique et de ses impacts grandissants sur la sphère humaine. Leur quantification est un élément essentiel dans un système de comptabilité environnementale, à même de fournir une information régulièrement mise à jour aux créateurs de politique et aux mises en application. Le but de cette étude est d'offrir une vue d'ensemble de la meilleure littérature internationale sur les coûts de suppression des incendies. Un examen systématique de la littérature a été effectué à cet effet, révélant que le plus gros volume de données empiriques sur les coûts de suppression et les mesures leur étant attachées dérivaient d'étude-cas provenant d'Amérique du Nord. En revanche, l'information sur les catégories directes de coûts de suppression des incendies était généralement incomplète ou manquante à travers l'Europe, et ce particulièrement dans les pays mé","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"15 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44569335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviewing the Prospects of Forest Decentralization in Indonesia After the Omnibus law","authors":"R. Ramadhan, M. H. Daulay, F. Disyacitta","doi":"10.1505/146554822835224793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822835224793","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS The prospect of decentralization under the forest Omnibus Law has not led to democratic decentralization and it is more likely that deconcentration (or administrative decentralization) will occur through binding regulations and standards. The legal structure in the regulation confirms that no meaningful type of power is delegated to the regions. Instead, the central government or the Minister's position is more dominant in terms of authority related to forest management. Local governments do not have meaningful responsibility for forest issues within their jurisdictions because they are not assigned accountability under the Omnibus Law. The discretionary power for local authorities to make decisions does not appear in the regulations. he democratic process in managing forest resources is difficult to realize due to the limited powers given to local authorities. SUMMARY In 2020 Indonesia's government passed the Omnibus Law with the objective of creating more jobs and raising foreign and domestic investments by reducing regulatory requirements for businesses. This study examines how the central government is dealing with the administrative and legislative issues caused by the new law with regard to forest management. Results reveal that while administrative decentralization appears to be occurring, when viewed through the lens of political/democratic decentralization, effective forestry decentralization is not currently taking place due to a lack of devolvement of effective power to local level representatives. Le gouvernement indonésien de 2020 a passé la loi Omnibus avec pour objectif une création supérieure d'emplois et une augmentation des investissements domestiques et étrangers, en réduisant les demandes réglementaires pour les business. Cette étude examine la manière dont le gouvernement central s'occupe des questions législatives et administratives posées par cette nouvelle loi, dans tout ce qui tient à la gestion forestière. Les résultats révèlent que, alors qu'une décentralisation administrative semble prendre place, quand elle est observée d'un point de vue d'une décentralisation politique et démocratique; une décentralisation forestière efficace ne semble pas, en revanche, exister, du fait d'un manque de dévolution d'un pouvoir efficace aux représentants locaux. En 2020 el gobierno de Indonesia aprobó la Ley Compendio, con el objetivo de crear más puestos de trabajo y atraer inversiones extranjeras y nacionales mediante la reducción de los requisitos normativos para las empresas. Este estudio examina como el Gobierno central está abordando los problemas administrativos y legislativos que plantea la nueva ley en materia de gestión forestal. Los resultados revelan que, si bien la descentralización administrativa parece estar ocurriendo, cuando se mira a través de la lente de la descentralización política y democrática, en la actualidad no está teniendo lugar una descentralización forestal efectiva debido a la falta de devolució","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"59 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44029472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Community Awareness, Knowledge and Perceived Importance of Land-Use Plans and Village Land Forest Reserves in the Context of REDD+ in Tanzania","authors":"A. J. Uisso, P. Chirwa, P. Ackerman, L. Mbwambo","doi":"10.1505/146554822835224784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822835224784","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS Community awareness, knowledge and perceived importance of Land Use Plans and Village Land Forest Reserves in the context of REDD+ was explored. A mixed-method research design was adopted for data collection, analysis and interpretation. The community was highly aware and recognised the importance of Land Use Plans and Village Land Forest Reserves. The community was ill-informed about the specified procedures of conducting Land Use Plans. The use of the participatory approach employed by project proponents to implement the Land Use Plans and Village Land Forest Reserves is advocated. SUMMARY Knowing the community level of awareness and knowledge of village participatory land use plans (VPLUPs) and village land forest reserves (VLFRs) and their perceived importance thereof, can form a way of improving the plans and forests governance in the context of Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+), a global initiative to climate change measure. Thus, this study assessed community awareness, knowledge and perceived importance of VPLUPs and VLFRs in a REDD+ initiative in Tanzania. A mixed-method research design was adopted to collect data through participatory-community mapping (4 cases), focus group discussions (12 cases), key informant interviews (12 cases), direct observation and household interviews (328 cases). Results revealed that respondents were significantly aware of VPLUPs and VLFRs and were well-informed about VLFRs. However, they were ill-informed about the specified procedures of conducting VPLUPs. The community attached high value to VPLUPs and VLFRs. The residence period and household size of respondents emerged as the most important factors that significantly drive community awareness of VPLUPs and VLFRs respectively. The study recommends the use of the strategy (participatory approach) employed by the project proponents to implement VPLUPs and VLFRs. Connaître le niveau de conscience et de connaissance de la communauté quant plans de villages participatifs d'utilisation de la terre (VPLUPs) et aux réserves forestières de terres villageoises (VLFRs), et l'importance qu'ils ont à leurs yeux, peut permettre d'améliorer les plans et la gestion forestières dans le contexte de la Réduction des émissions provenant de la déforestation et de la dégradation forestière (REDD+), une initiative globale de réponse au changement climatique. Cette étude a ainsi évalué la conscience et la connaissance communautaire des VPLUPs et des VLFRs dans une initiative REDD+ en Tanzanie. Un schéma de recherche à méthode mixte a été adopté pour recueillir des données par une planification de la communauté participative (4 cas), des discussions de groupes focus (12 cas), des interviews d'informateurs-clé (12 cas) et par une observation directe et des interviews auprès des foyers (328 cas). Les résultats ont révélé que les interlocuteurs étaient profondément conscients des VPLUPs et des VLFRs, et étaient bien informés sur les VLFR","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"113 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49315848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community Forestry in Nepal: A Critical Review","authors":"G. Paudel, J. Carr, P. Munro","doi":"10.1505/146554822835224810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822835224810","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS We provide a critical analysis of academic literature on Nepali community forestry. Existing literature shows improving social and environmental outcomes. Economic outcomes are modest, less clear and unevenly distributed. We argue that more consistent methodological approaches are needed to evaluate community forestry impacts. A deeper understanding of the politicization of community forestry needs to be developed. SUMMARY Community forestry praxis has a long history in Nepal. The country is often considered an exemplar in promoting community forestry for environment and development. In this paper, we provide a critical review of Nepali community forestry scholarship to offer internationally relevant lessons and to identify areas of future research. Our review shows that community forestry outcomes have been mixed. Despite playing a role in improving social and environmental outcomes, its provision of economic benefits are modest, not always clear and unevenly distributed. The impacts of community forestry have been heavily influenced by government intervention, with the government controlling valuable forests. We conclude that: 1) more rigorous and consistent methodologies are needed to evaluate community forestry outcomes; 2) the notion of community needs to critically be questioned to understand the dynamics of internal migration patterns, and; 3) a deeper understanding of the politicization of community forestry needs to be developed. Il existe une longue histoire de la pratique de la foresterie communautaire au Népal. Le pays est souvent considéré comme exemplaire dans sa promotion de la foresterie communautaire pour l'environnement et le développement. Dans ce papier, nous proposons un examen critique de la capacité du savoir népalais en foresterie communautaire à offrir des leçons pertinentes à l'échelle internationale, et identifions les secteurs de recherche future. Notre étude montre que les résultats de la foresterie communautaire ont été mitigés. Bien qu'elle joue un rôle dans l'amélioration des résultats sociaux et environnementaux, les bénéfices économiques qu'elle génère sont modestes, manquant souvent de clarté, et inégalement distribués. Les impacts de la foresterie communautaire ont été fortement influencés par l'intervention gouvernementale, le gouvernement contrôlant les forêts d'importance. Nous en concluons que: 1) des méthodologies plus cohérentes et rigoureuses sont nécessaires pour évaluer les résultats de la foresterie communautaire, 2) il faut que la notion de communauté soit mise en question de façon critique pour comprendre la dynamique des courants de migration interne, 3) une compréhension plus profonde de la politisation de la foresterie communautaire doit être développée. La práctica de la silvicultura comunitaria tiene una larga historia en Nepal. El país suele considerarse un ejemplo en la promoción de la silvicultura comunitaria para el medio ambiente y el desarrollo. En este artículo se presenta una","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"43 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45109250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}