International Forestry Review最新文献

{"title":"The experience of Forest Landscape Restoration in Madhya Pradesh, India","authors":"R. Prasad, S. Chatterjee, D. Sharma, V. Dayma, S. Malakar","doi":"10.1505/146554823837586258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554823837586258","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR) is highly relevant to the Indian context as it is a cost-effective option to cover large degraded forests rapidly. It envisages adopting a holistic view of greening that goes beyond tree planting in order to attain the goal of carbon sequestration and biodiversity enhancement through ecosystem restoration while at the same time developing the socio economic security of tribal communities. This paper details the implementation of an FLR initiative in three demonstration plots in Sheopur and Dindori, Madhya Pradesh which are the homes of the Sahariyas and Baigas tribes, with a focus on restoration and effective community engagement. Preliminary observations have produced promising results in terms of social engagement and financial income generated from the harvest. In addition soil and moisture conservation through the adoption of 400–500 saplings/ha indicate a rapid greening and significant carbon sequestration.","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135588665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-government, and private partnership (CGPP): revisiting the concept of community-based forest management","authors":"K. Komalawati, S. Hidayat, R.H. Praptana, M.D. Pertiwi, A.S. Romdon, Y. Hidayat, D. Yuniati, S. Syahyuti, R.P. Ramadhan, S. Saptana, C. Indrawanto","doi":"10.1505/146554823837586276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554823837586276","url":null,"abstract":"The Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) model has been seen as a potential solution to solve various problems related to forest degradation and the creation of inclusive forest governance. However, in practice, CBFM does not always implement smoothly, with some studies highlighting the weaknesses of CBFM in term of accountability, transparency, efficiency, effectiveness, empowerment, monitoring, law enforcement, and dependency on external actors. Accordingly, this paper revisits the concept of CBFM from the perspective of New Institutional Economics and the proper governance concept. The data collection process was conducted through literature studies using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) methodology. It may be argued that the implementation of CBFM has weaknesses in terms of, amongst other things, business and organizational activities, inclusivity, community empowerment, community income, and sustainability. In reference to the various flaws encountered in the implementation of CBFM, and to put in place proper governance in forest business activities, this paper proposes a new model – the so-called Community-Government and Private Partnership model (CGPP). This developed model has positioned the cooperative as \"core institutions\" whose role is to orchestrate five main governance functions, namely: organizational, business activities, human resource development, and corporate and environmental sustainability. This CGPP model is expected to contribute to the existing literature of institutional analysis and forest management with a different approach, as well providing concrete recommendations for the implementation of the CGPP model in CBFM.","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135588783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Passion for nature: global student motivations for forestrelated education and career aspirations","authors":"J.A. Owuor, G. Winkel, L. Giessen, L. Prior, J. Burns, Y.T. Tegegne, P. Poschen","doi":"10.1505/146554823837586212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554823837586212","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the relevance of forests to biodiversity and climate change, education and careers related to them are still unattractive to young people. This paper presents findings from a study whose goal is to investigate the motivation and career aspirations of students in forest-related programmes at the university/tertiary level around the globe. The analysis is based on data gathered through a survey of 787 bachelor's, master's, and PhD students from 82 countries. The findings reveal that the choice of forest-related programmes by students is guided by (i) the desire to do beneficial work, specifically to make a positive difference for the environment/communities, (ii) job satisfaction, e. g., enjoyable work, and (iii) working outdoors. With regard to career pathways, students were most interested in working in forest-related nature and biodiversity conservation and least interested in forest-related industry and non-forest-related fields. The study found significant differences across continents regarding student preferences but only a few across study levels and gender. This paper provides useful insights that can help in tailoring forest-related programmes to meet the expectations of the students and universities.","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135588664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The religious forests of Nepal and India: a need for concern?","authors":"H. Mahaseth, A. Shukla, H. Dhande","doi":"10.1505/146554823837586249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554823837586249","url":null,"abstract":"Religious forests are conserved by cultural and traditional beliefs. Although India has the highest number of religious forests globally, the protection provided to these forests is insufficient, a situation that is also commonplace in Nepal. This paper examines a Nepali sacred grove which reflects the diversity of tree species and their role in conserving biodiversity that is common to religious forests. The sacred grove is one of the pioneers of the community-based management regimes indicative of this particular forest resource management system. The paper highlights how religious forests have been preserved in Nepal and indicates that in order to provide greater protection to religious forests, along with their tradition and spirituality, a creative solution of policies and law will be required.","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135588778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-based forest monitoring for REDD+ MRV in the Ansaka Conservation Area, Ghana","authors":"L. Damnyag, A.A. Bampoh, Y. Mohammed","doi":"10.1505/146554823837586230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554823837586230","url":null,"abstract":"A community-based monitoring (CBM) approach creates a working relationship between scientists, resource managers and local communities to address natural resource problems. This study analyses CBM data from Ankasa Conservation Area (ACA), Ghana, and assesses how such a CBM model fits into the national Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) system for REDD+. Satellite imagery was used to generate land cover change maps for the different land use categories in ACA. A checklist of deforestation and forest degradation-related activities was designed with inputs from study communities. Nominated community members were trained to collect the data. The land use categories identified in the study area include closed forest, open forest, farmland, bare area, and grassland. The remote sensing data revealed significant land use and land cover changes in the periphery of ACA between 1990 and 2014. Closed forest and open forest areas recorded 28.6% and 35.0% reductions respectively. Data from the CBM showed that cash crop farms and plantations (rubber and coconut) account for the sharp increase (479.9%) in farmlands. The predominant sighting of rodents by community monitors reinforced the deforestation and forest degradation findings in the ACA periphery. A participatory MRV system is essential for the success of REDD+ interventions. With little training, local people can collect forest condition data that are of interest to REDD+ implementation and international policies related to climate change.","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135588786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons from insect and disease impacts on radiata pine (<i>Pinus radiata</i> D. Don) plantations in New Zealand over the last hundred years","authors":"D.J. Mead, R.D. Burdon","doi":"10.1505/146554823837586221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554823837586221","url":null,"abstract":"The imp acts of past and potential insect pests and diseases in New Zealand's radiata pine plantations are reviewed. Invariably their impacts have decreased with time or can be easily managed. Despite past biotic impacts. growth rates have increased over the last 100 years. Pitch pine canker (PPC) is perceived as the greatest new threat. PPC's impact in California, Spain, Portugal, South Africa and Chile suggests that in New Zealand it would become a nursery problem. Radiata pine remains the best medium-density softwood for New Zealand although climate change may alter the site limits. While a biotic catastrophe, despite its low probability, remains an important risk, this risk is outweighed by the opportunity costs and risks associated with diversifying into alternative species. A strong biosecurity infrastructure is vital, as is maintaining a broad genetic base from which to breed resistance. Large plantation estates should develop defensive strategies against new biotic invasions.","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135588777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development cooperation, non-timber forest products and community empowerment: power and interests in a public-private partnership in the Brazilian Amazon","authors":"A.A.O. Tavares, S.L. Burns","doi":"10.1505/146554823837586267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554823837586267","url":null,"abstract":"In the Br azilian Amazon, around two million people depend on Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) as their main source of cash income. Given the inherent bottlenecks to the commercialization of such products in the region, such as communities lacking access to credit and business skills, alternative governance models have arisen with the aim of addressing such challenges. This stud y focused on one partnership between a donor, the German Cooperation Agency, and two private companies, a new trend in global governance under criticism for being donor dominated and disregarding local interests. While this could undermine the legitimacy of such partnerships and compromise the replicability of the model, the achievement of economic empowerment of NTFP-reliant communities would alternatively deem this type of venture desirable and socially acceptable. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to assess whether such configurations are able to economically empower communities in the state of Pará, Brazil. The results showed that this governance model is unable to generate high empowerment, due to conflicts with the interests of the most powerful actor and external factors, which entails a need for an alternative model to achieve this goal in the region.","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"179 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135588659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mangrove biomass and carbon estimates for REDD+ from national forest inventory in two regions of Myanmar","authors":"F.E. Arnold, M. Piazza, K.Z. Wynn, P. Htut, S.S. Tun","doi":"10.1505/146554823837586285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554823837586285","url":null,"abstract":"Myanmar has the second largest area of mangrove forests in South East Asia while suffering high deforestation rates and forest degradation. However, monitoring results from existing studies in mangrove forests vary widely while specific estimates on carbon density for this forest type are deficient. Also, data from mangrove inventory plots used for the 2018 Myanmar forest reference level refer only to commercial timber and do not include other carbon pools. The results in this study based on four carbon pools allow for updating the emission factors in mangrove forests expressed in CO 2 from 125.43 ± 15.06 Mg ha –1 to 1 377.07 ± 67.04 Mg ha –1 for Ayeyarwady region (Pyapon, Pathein, Latputta districts) and 1 583.27± 75.18 Mg ha –1 for Tanintharyi region (Kawthaung, Dawei districts) and can be used in (sub)national or jurisdictional forest reference level for REDD+. In addition, the georeferenced biomass estimates are useful for the calibration of space-based models of biomass estimation.","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135588669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure the Benefits of Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) Certification","authors":"C. Fagundes, D. Schreiber, M. P. Nunes, M. Fernandes, C. Damacena","doi":"10.1505/146554823837244473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554823837244473","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS The study presents the development and validation of a scale to assess the benefits of FSC certification. The study used a mixture of qualitative and quantitative methodologies contributing to greater confidence regarding the results. Two factors, named ‘Competitive Advantage’ and ‘Financial Profitability’, were created for the economic dimension of sustainability. Three factors, named ‘Corporate Image’, ‘Confidence’ and ‘Credibility’, were created for the social dimension of sustainability. The scale contributes to the development of projects and actions seeking the identified benefits. SUMMARY This study aimed to present the development and validation of a scale to assess the benefits of FSC certification. A study of this kind was not found in the literature, making the application innovative, especially for the Brazilian context. The variables to compose the scale were built through a systematic review of the literature, as well as interviews with those responsible for certification in the investigated companies and on-site observation. Further, based on the results of a survey, the scale was validated through principal component analysis. The results revealed the existence of two factors for the economic dimension and three factors for the social dimension. In conclusion, the scale is an alternative for empirical investigations and applied work in organizations, and can guide measures aimed at enhancing the benefits of certification. Moreover, as this scale was built following theoretically robust parameters, constitutes a model to be tested in studies with similar characteristics. Cette étude visait à présenter le développement et la validation d'une échelle pour évaluer les avantages de la certification FSC. Il est important de souligner qu'une étude de ce type n'a pas été trouvée dans la littérature, ce qui rend l'application innovante, notamment pour le contexte brésilien. Les variables pour composer l'échelle ont été construites à partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature, ainsi que d'entretiens avec les responsables de la certification dans les entreprises étudiées et d'une observation sur place. Avec l'aide d'une enquête, l'échelle a été validée par analyse en composantes principales. Les résultats ont révélé l'existence de deux facteurs pour la dimension économique et trois facteurs pour la dimension sociale. En conclusion, l'échelle est une alternative pour les enquêtes empiriques et le travail appliqué dans les organisations, et peut orienter les mesures visant à améliorer les avantages de la certification. On peut également affirmer que cette échelle, construite selon des paramètres théoriquement robustes, représente un modèle à tester dans des études présentant des caractéristiques similaires. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo presentar el desarrollo y validación de una escala para evaluar los beneficios de la certificación FSC. Es importante destacar que no se encontró un estudio como este en la literatura, lo qu","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"25 1","pages":"163 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44708160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities in Assessment of Forest Condition, Pressures and Conservation Actions at Key Forest Sites in Tropical Asia and New Guinea","authors":"O. Crowe, M. Crosby, M.B.E. De La Paz, G. E. D. Rosa, G. Y. Gowae, H. Gurung, N. Kumpel, T. Hani, E.L. Lee, J. K. Panopio, B. Perumal, Josiah Quimpo, N.A. Resurreccion, P. Satyal, A. Simkins, J. Thomas, A. Widyanto, C. Yeap","doi":"10.1505/146554823837244482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554823837244482","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS Involving Indigenous Peoples and local communities in forest monitoring and governance not only empowers them and supports their livelihoods, but also can result in improved forest conservation and management. Investment in training and communications is key to ensuring that communities engage most effectively in conservation activities. A variety of methods and tools were used to deliver a monitoring assessment based on a framework developed for Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas at a selection of sites in tropical Asia and New Guinea, but there is scope for revising its application to better suit local situations and to deliver higher quality assessments in measuring the health of sites over time. The biodiversity at most of the sites has been heavily affected by a range of human-related pressures, especially relating to forest replacement with monocultures, as well as other factors associated with infrastructure development (including facilitating hunting pressure), and some of these activities extend back several decades. Global datasets on tree cover loss and forest landscape integrity usefully infer the condition of forests for conservation in areas with large areas of natural forests. SUMMARY Forests in tropical Asia and New Guinea provide local and global benefits to people and are exceptionally rich in biodiversity but they have receded by more than 75% in the past 100 years. This project set out to strengthen effective engagement of non-state actors in forest monitoring, planning and policy processes in Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, and New Guinea, and hence reduce the rate of loss of tropical forests and biodiversity. Monitoring assessments of state, pressure and response were undertaken at key sites for biodiversity conservation using a monitoring protocol established for Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas. Indigenous Peoples and local communities participated in a range of surveillance activities. These assessments were supported by global datasets on tree cover loss and forest integrity. The inputs from Indigenous Peoples and local communities were especially valuable in implementing actions, informing national and regional policies, and in helping them manage their local environment and resources. Les forêts en Asie tropicale et en Nouvelle-Guinée génèrent des bénéfices locaux et globaux pour les peuples et sont exceptionnellement riches en biodiversité. Elles ont cependant diminué de plus de 75% au cours de cent dernières années. Ce projet a pour but de consolider un engagement efficace des acteurs autres que l'état dans la gestion des forêts, la planification et les processus de politique en Malaisie, en Indonésie, aux Philippines et en Nouvelle-Guinée, afin de réduire le quotient de perte des forêts tropicales et de la biodiversité. Un examen des évaluations de l'état, de la pression et des réponses, a été conduit dans des sites-clé pour la conservation de la biodiversité, en utilisant un protocole d'exa","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"25 1","pages":"147 - 162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45319305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}