International Forestry Review最新文献

{"title":"An Analysis of the Institutional Framework for REDD+ Implementation in Cameroon","authors":"D. Alemagi, D. Nukpezah, L. Duguma, K. Fobissie","doi":"10.1505/146554823836838736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554823836838736","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS While some strengths could be ascribed to institutions that play a fundamental role in implementing REDD+ in Cameroon, these institutions still face a series of threats and weaknesses that could impede REDD+ implementation. A series of weaknesses can also be attributed to institutions that play a fundamental role in REDD+ implementation in Cameroon. There exist a series of opportunities that institutions responsible for REDD+ implementation in Cameroon can make use of in order to advance REDD+ implementation. Specific recommendations for overcoming weaknesses and threats that institutions responsible for implementing REDD+ in Cameroon face are identified including capacity building in monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV); clarification of rights issues; proper institutional coordination; promotion of accountability and transparency in forest management; and peace building. Implementation of the aforementioned recommendations the paper argues is fundamental to successful REDD+ implementation in the country. SUMMARY REDD+ is a mechanism that is used to advance the efforts of developing countries that are endowed with forests to mitigate climate change by decreasing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, encouraging conservation and the sustainable management of forests, as well as forest carbon enhancement. In this paper, using a qualitative approach, an analysis was conducted of the institutional framework that governs REDD+ implementation in Cameroon. The roles of the various institutions that play a role in advancing REDD+ implementation in Cameroon were profiled followed by a literature review and, after interviews with REDD+ actors in Cameroon, the results of a SWOT analysis of the institutional framework for REDD+ implementation in Cameroon are presented. It is hoped that the findings of this study will be used by policy makers who are driving the REDD+ process in Cameroon to craft and implement initiatives directed at promoting REDD+ implementation in the country. REDD+ est un mécanisme qui est utilisé pour faire avancer les efforts des pays en développement qui sont dotés de forêts pour atténuer le changement climatique en diminuant les émissions dues à la déforestation et à la dégradation des forêts, en encourageant la conservation et la gestion durable des forêts, ainsi que la valorisation du carbone forestier. Dans cet article, une analyse du cadre institutionnel qui régit la mise en œuvre de la REDD+ au Cameroun a été réalisée en utilisant une approche qualitative. Les rôles des différentes institutions qui jouent un rôle dans l'évolution de la mise en œuvre de la REDD+ au Cameroun ont été profilés, suivis d'une revue de la littérature et des entretiens avec les acteurs de la REDD+ au Cameroun, les résultats d'une analyse SWOT du cadre institutionnel de la mise en œuvre de la REDD+ au Cameroun ont été présentés. Nous espérons que les résultats de cette étude seront utilisés par les décideurs politiques q","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"25 1","pages":"1 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47410207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Farmers' Forestland-Use Changes Over 15 Years (2005–2020) in Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam","authors":"T. Pham, N. T. Tran, C. Kull, R. Shackleton, R. Cochard, T. Nguyen, T. D. Ngo, T. Nguyen, Q.C. Tran, T. Vu","doi":"10.1505/146554823836838682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554823836838682","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS Major livelihood and forestland-use changes have taken place in central Vietnam over the last two decades. There has been widespread conversion of forestland (degraded natural forests, swidden land) and cropland to acacia plantations. Household-scale forestland use changes were primarily driven by forestry policies, the market for woodchips, and land resource access. There is inequality in access to and ownership of forestland between poor and wealthier households in the mountain district of Vietnam. Cases of illegal forestland conversions pose challenges to ensuring sustainable forest landscapes. SUMMARY Over the last decades, Vietnam has seen substantial shifts in forest landscape uses and associated livelihoods. We document the livelihood transformations in Nam Dong, a mountainous district of Central Vietnam, where land uses have changed from the utilisation of products from natural forests and shifting cultivation (swidden agriculture) to acacia tree-dominated plantation forestry. Forestry policies (forestland allocation, plantation development agendas), the increase in the economic value of acacia, and household livelihood assets are the primary factors driving these changes. We also found that there are differences in the access to and ownership of forestland with regard to households of different communities and between poor vs wealthy households. Therefore, careful attention needs to be paid to guide future land use policies in the area to foster social and ecological sustainability. Le Vietnam a été témoin de changements substantiels dans les utilisations du paysage forestier et des revenus lui étant associés au cours des dernières décennies. Nous documentons les transformations des revenus au Nam Dong, un district montagneux du Vietnam central, où l'utilisation de la terre s'est déplacée des forêts naturelles et de la culture nomade (agriculture sur brûlis), vers une foresterie de plantation dominée par l'acacia. Les politiques forestières (allocation de terres forestières, agendas du développement des plantations), la croissance de la valeur économique de l'acacia et les moyens de subsistance des ménages sont les principaux facteurs conduisant ces changements. Nous avons également noté des différences dans l'accès aux terres forestières et dans la propriété de ces dernières chez les ménages de différentes communautés, entre les pauvres ceux plus aisés. Il est par conséquent nécessaire de surveiller de près les politiques futures d'utilisation de la terre dans cette région, pour assurer une durabilité sociale et écologique. Vietnam ha experimentado en las últimas décadas cambios sustanciales en los usos del paisaje forestal y los medios de vida vinculados a estos paisajes. Este artículo documenta las transformaciones de los medios de vida en Nam Dong, un distrito montañoso de Vietnam Central, donde los usos del suelo han pasado de los bosques naturales y los cultivos migratorios (agricultura itinerante) a las plantaciones for","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"25 1","pages":"71 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48217620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Intersectional Analysis of Women's Experiences in Forest Carbon Monitoring in Peru, Cameroon and Nepal","authors":"A. E. McConnell, S. F. Schenkein, G. Nuñez-Iturri, D. Gurung, R. Siwe, J. Leahy, L. Kenefic, S. Wilson, C. Straub","doi":"10.1505/146554823836838709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554823836838709","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS Bias and differences in experiences can occur based on one or more intersectional identities (e.g., age, gender or the place an individual is from or associated with) and can vary depending on unique combinations of identities. Bias and differences in experiences can occur if an additional identity characteristic (e.g., weakness) is socially constructed and assigned to an individual. Of the intersectional identity and structural factors identified in this study, seven out of 14 emerged in all three countries, while the other half were only reported in one or two countries. Of these, three were personal identities (age, caretaker and (dis)ability), one was a constructed factor (lack of physical strength compared to men), and three were structural factors (education, geography and marital status). Intersectional identities or structural factors found across more than one country were often talked about differently between each country and even within the same country. For example, women in all three countries reported challenges based on assumptions that women are weaker than men in a fieldwork setting, but described different ways that this discrimination was displayed, ranging from receiving special care to being told they did not belong in the field. Although including local and Indigenous people in forest carbon monitoring was reported as valuable for better results, few examples were reported of this happening in practice. SUMMARY Gender equity has progressed unequally within science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields, with geosciences and specifically the Earth Observation (EO) field remaining largely unbalanced. Limited work has centred women's experiences in forest carbon monitoring (FCM), a field that combines EO and in situ data collection. Fewer studies have focused on perceptions of women from Latin America, Africa and Asia. This study examines participants in SilvaCarbon, an interagency technical cooperation program of the U.S. Government to build FCM capacity in tropical countries, where fewer women have historically participated as participants or training leaders. To better understand barriers that women face in FCM, we analyse personal narratives shared by women in Peru, Cameroon and Nepal. The framework of intersectionality facilitates exploration of intersectional identities in concert with gender that affect women in three distinct country contexts. Findings indicate that individuals' opportunities in FCM are affected by multiple combined identities and circumstances at the personal and structural levels, and through socially constructed, attributed, and perceived identities. L'égalité entre les sexes a progressé dans les domaines de la science, de la technologie, de l'ingénierie et des mathématiques (STEM); les géosciences et spécifiquement le domaine de l'Observation de la terre (EO) demeurant largement déséquilibrés. Un travail limité s'est penché sur les expériences des femmes dans la gestion d","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"25 1","pages":"55 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66726421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviewing the Impacts of International Interventions on Woodfuel Governance in Cameroon","authors":"D. Kim, V. Ingram","doi":"10.1505/146554823836838718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554823836838718","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS • International actors and institutions have intervened in the Cameroonian woodfuel sector seeking to increase its sustainability. • Interventions using pathways of international norms and discourses, international rules, and direct access to Cameroonian policy processes have influenced policies and practices in the sector, the latter being the most influential. • Most interventions ignore or don't consider in their interventions that the sector is largely governed by customary and informal market-based rules and sustainability implications. • Positive impacts of international interventions were evidenced, but limited by weaknesses in intervention strategies, gaps and overlaps between institutions and the short-term and small-scale nature of programmes. • Increasing the scale and continuity of interventions, focussing on both multi-sectoral and ministerial approach to woodfuel supply and demand, and participation of local people in woodfuel policy processes are recommended. SUMMARY Although international actors have intervened to improve the management of the Cameroonian woodfuel sector, the impacts of these interventions have been little explored. This study investigated the influence of international interventions on policy processes and their impacts on the woodfuel actors and resources in Cameroon. Based on a systematically conducted review of English literature and five interviews, and using the international influence pathway framework as a conceptual lens, international norms and discourses, rules, and direct access were found to have influenced woodfuel governance in Cameroon, while direct access to formal laws and policies and by programmes on the ground had more positive but also negative impacts. Due to the nature of the laws and policies which were influenced, the complex national woodfuel context, and the short-term and small-scale characteristics of programmes, positive impacts on actors and resources created by international interventions were limited. These findings lead to recommendations to increase the scale and continuity of the programmes by ensuring more synergies with informal, local and international market-based ‘rules’, such as REDD+ and forest certification; to focus on increasing woodfuel supply and decreasing demand; and to focus more attention on involving and empowering local people in these policy processes. Bien que les acteurs internationaux soient intervenus pour améliorer la gestion du secteur du bois de chauffage au Cameroun, ces interventions n'ont été que peu examinées. Cette étude a considéré l'influence des interventions internationales sur les processus de politique et leurs impacts sur les acteurs et les ressources en bois de chauffage au Cameroun. Basés sur un examen systématique de la littérature en anglais et sur cinq interviews, en utilisant le cadre du chemin emprunté par l'influence internationale comme objectif de mise au point, les normes et les discours internationaux, les règles, et ","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"25 1","pages":"39 - 54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43446558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forest Bioeconomy in Three European Countries: Finland, the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic","authors":"P. Palátová, R. Purwestri, L. Marcineková","doi":"10.1505/146554822836282518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822836282518","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS The concept of the forest bioeconomy has received increased attention in the past few years. Forestry is an important sector for further bioeconomy development. Finland has a dedicated bioeconomy strategy that was updated in 2022. The Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic have not yet adopted a national-level dedicated bioeconomy strategy. The Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic are implementing the concept of a forest bioeconomy in several strategic documents. SUMMARY The paper assesses similarities and differences between Finland, the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic in terms of their forest bioeconomies. In Finland, which is perceived as a leader in forest bioeconomy, the national bioeconomy strategy was adopted in 2014 and updated in 2022. The Czech and Slovak Republics are following a path towards adopting national forest bioeconomy strategies and have partially adopted bioeconomy principles in other forestry-related strategic documents. The relevant core strategies are, the adoption of the bioeconomy concept in the Czech Republic by the Ministry of Agriculture, and the Low-Carbon Development Strategy of the Slovak Republic. The Czech and Slovak Republics have the potential to utilize the forest sector in order to enable development of their forest bioeconomies in the future. Ce papier évalue les similarités et les différences entre la Finlande, la République Tchèque et la République Slovaque en termes de leurs bioéconomies forestières. En Finlande, perçue comme un modèle en bioéconomie forestière, la stratégie de bioéconomie nationale a été adoptée en 2014 et mise à jour en 2022. Les républiques Tchèque et Slovaque sont en voie d'adopter des stratégies de bioéconomies forestières et ont partiellement adopté des principes de bioéconomie dans d'autres documents stratégiques liés à la forêt. Les stratégies de base pertinentes sont: l'adoption du concept de bioéconomie par le ministère de l'agriculture en République Tchèque et la stratégie de développement à faible taux de carbone dans la République Slovaque. Ces républiques ont le potentiel d'utiliser le secteur forestier pour permettre le développement de bioéconomies forestières futures. El artículo evalúa las similitudes y diferencias entre Finlandia, la República Checa y la República Eslovaca en cuanto a sus bioeconomías forestales. En Finlandia, que se considera un país líder en bioeconomía forestal, la estrategia nacional de bioeconomía se adoptó en 2014 y se actualizó en 2022. Las Repúblicas Checa y Eslovaca se encuentran en una trayectoria hacia la adopción de estrategias nacionales de bioeconomía forestal y han adoptado parcialmente los principios de la bioeconomía en otros documentos estratégicos relacionados con el ámbito forestal. Las principales estrategias son la adopción del concepto de bioeconomía en la República Checa por parte del Ministerio de Agricultura y la estrategia de desarrollo con bajas emisiones de carbono de la República Eslovaca. Las República","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"594 - 606"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45567467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forest Restoration Policy in the North Korea Based on the Reforestation Experience in South Korea","authors":"S. Ji, S. Shin, Y. Lee","doi":"10.1505/146554822836282536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822836282536","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS North Korea can draw valuable lessons from the successful reforestation experiences of South Korea, given that the two countries have a similar ecology, ecosystem services and climate. Success factors of forest restoration in South Korea include the pan-national campaign, efficient governance, alternative energy industry, food production enhancement and international support. North Korea has launched a pan-national campaign, mobilized social resources, developed renewable energy industries and cooperated with international communities. An integrated approach is necessary for the success of reforestation in North Korea as it is either directly or indirectly connected to various factors such as food security, energy supply and demand and climate change. Comprehensive agricultural and rural development in agroforestry projects will help to implement forest restoration policies in North Korea efficiently and effectively. SUMMARY In order to promote forest restoration in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea), the research investigated the reforestation experience of the Republic of Korea (South Korea), promoted as part of the Saemaul Undong movement in the 1970s. The key success factors of reforestation in South Korea include the pan-national campaign, efficient governance for social resource mobilization, development of the alternative energy industry, food production enhancement and great international support. North Korea has also launched a pan-national campaign, mobilized social resources, is developing renewable energy industries, and has cooperated with international communities. However, because reforestation in North Korea is directly or indirectly connected to various factors such as food security, energy supply and demand, and climate change, an integrated approach is necessary as a model for cooperative development to achieve the desired outcomes of forest restoration policies. Further, comprehensive agricultural and rural development, especially agroforestry projects, are required to implement forest restoration policies in North Korea efficiently and effectively. La recherche a examiné l'expérience de reboisement de la République de Corée (Corée du Sud), perçue comme appartenant au mouvement Saemaul Undong des années 70, afin de promouvoir la restauration forestière en République Populaire Démocratique de Corée (Corée du Nord). Les facteurs-clé du succès du reboisement en Corée du Sud incluent une campagne pan-nationale, une mobilisation d'une gestion efficace des ressources sociales, un développement d'une industrie d'énergie alternative, une fortification de la production alimentaire et un fort support international. La Corée du Nord a également lancé une campagne pan-nationale. Elle a mobilisé des ressources sociales, développe des industries d'énergie renouvelable, et a coopéré avec des communautés internationales. Cependant, du fait des connexions directes, ou indirectes du reboisement en Corée du Nord à","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"560 - 572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66726865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecosystem Services in Recreational Forests of Turkey: Analysis of National Forest Policies and Scientific Studies","authors":"E. Atmiş, H. B. Günşen","doi":"10.1505/146554822836282545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822836282545","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS Recreational forests provide numerous ecosystem services to society. Ecosystem services are only referenced in higher policy documents on forestry in Turkey. The terms ‘benefits’ and ‘functions of forests’ are used instead of ecosystem services in these documents. More work is needed to integrate ecosystem services into urban and forestry policies. Further scientific studies related to ecosystem services of forests in Turkey are needed. SUMMARY This study assesses to what extent ecosystem services are considered when managing three different types of recreational forests in Turkey. Although the number of scientific studies on ecosystem services provided by forests has increased in recent years, the number of cases defining ecosystem services and elaborating them in the forestry legislation or plans in Turkey is limited. This concept is underused in Turkey due to a lack of attention paid to the global agenda and scientific studies at international and national levels. It was found that protection forests in Turkey included services from all ecosystem services except habitat or supporting services. Nature parks also have services from three categories but none from provisioning services. Finally, urban forests include services from only two categories: regulating and cultural services. Ecosystem services must be considered both in city and forest planning. Even though the management of forests is under the sole responsibility of the General Directorate of Forestry, the municipalities should consider it as one of the main stakeholders in city planning. Finally, scientific studies on forest ecosystem services for healthy cities and citizens should be increased, and results should be implemented. Cette étude évalue jusqu'à quel point les services d'écosystèmes sont pris en compte dans la gestion de trois types différents de forêts récréatives en Turquie. Bien que le nombre d'études scientifiques sur les services d'écosystèmes se soit accru au cours des années récentes, le nombre de cas définissant les services d'écosystèmes et les élaborant dans la législation forestière et les plans en Turquie est limité. Ce concept est sous-utilisé dans ce pays du fait du manque d'attention porté à l'agenda global et aux études scientifiques de niveau national et international. Il émergea de notre étude que les forêts de protection en Turquie incluaient des services provenant de tous les services d'écosystèmes, sauf ceux de soutien ou liés à l'habitat. Les parcs naturels utilisent également des services provenant de trois catégories; aucun provenant des services d'approvisionnement. De plus, les forêts urbaines n'incluaient des services que dans deux catégories: les services de régulation et les services culturels. Les services d'écosystèmes doivent être considérés dans la ville ainsi que dans la planification forestière. Bien que la gestion des forêts soit placée sous la direction seule du Directorat général de la foresterie, les municipalités devraient ","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"469 - 485"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46267494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compensatory Afforestation Policy in India: An Analysis Using an Ecorestoration Lens","authors":"S. Tambe, G. S. Rawat, P. Krishen, M. K. Ranjitsinh, N. Ghosh, A. S. Rawat, J. Takpa","doi":"10.1505/146554822836282473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822836282473","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS The design of India's compensatory afforestation policy is not in alignment with the global best practice principles of ecological restoration. It categorizes all open canopy ecosystems such as grasslands, wetlands and others as degraded and available for afforestation, rather than recognizing them as distinct ecosystems and protecting them from tree expansion drives. Furthermore, it prescribes a uniform approach of planting of 1 000 trees per hectare instead of highlighting a range of restoration approaches, i.e. natural, assisted, restorative. Before initiating afforestation, it does not examine ending the causes of degradation thereby adversely impacting the permanence of the conservation outcomes. It suffers from weak community involvement and inclusive stakeholder participation. A paradigm shift in the policy design from its present afforestation focus to an ecological restoration regime is recommended. SUMMARY India is on track to meet the Bonn Challenge pledge by showcasing its ambitious compensatory afforestation programme. But a question remains regarding the extent to which this programme has achieved the restoration of degraded forests. Using the lens of ecological restoration, mitigation hierarchy and compensatory conservation, the performance of compensatory afforestation policy in India is analyzed. It was found that this policy has significant shortcomings, namely, (i) it does not stipulate ending the drivers of degradation as a pre-condition before initiating afforestation, (ii) it permits only a uniform reconstructive afforestation approach, and (iii) it does not provide guidance on the selection of sites and species for plantation. Evidence from field evaluation studies points to poor restoration outcomes owing to the selection of unsuitable sites, preference for hardy species, poor plant survival, lack of community involvement and inconsistent monitoring. A revision of the compensatory afforestation policy is recommended by graduating to an ecological restoration regime if the country is to meet its international commitments of forest landscape restoration, biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration. L'Inde est en passe de parvenir à l'accord du défi de Bonn, en exposant son programme ambitieux de boisement compensatoire. Une question demeure cependant quant à l'échelle du succès de ce programme de restauration des forêts dégradées. En utilisant les viseurs de la restauration écologique, de la hiérarchie d'atténuation et de la conservation compensatoire, la performance de la politique de boisement compensatoire en Inde est analysée. Des lacunes signifiantes se révélèrent dans cette politique: (i) elle ne stipule pas une interdiction des agents de dégradation comme une condition préalable à l'initiation du boisement, (ii) elle n'autorise qu'une approche de boisement reconstructif uniforme, et, (iii), elle n'offre aucun conseil sur la sélection des sites et des espèces pour la plantation. Des preuves recueillie","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"607 - 618"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43532228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Recognition and Respect of Forest Resource Rights Save Echuya Central Forest Reserve? A Precursor for Appropriate Collaborative Forest Management","authors":"S.G. Bugabo, R. Bitariho, M. Twinamatsiko","doi":"10.1505/146554822836282554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822836282554","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS Recognition and respect for tenure and resource rights is fundamental for good conservation outcomes. Failure to recognise and respect community forest rights contributes to deforestation. Poverty conditions compel local community members to violate CFM agreements regarding forest resource access rights. Livelihood support among forest adjacent communities is vital to foster recognition and respect for forest and tenure rights for conservation of Echuya. Enforcement of stringent punitive measures on unauthorised forest resource users is paramount to prevent degradation of the forest reserve. SUMMARY Recognition and respect for tenure and forest resource rights has long been considered essential for policy makers in order to promote forest conservation, and several initiatives have been undertaken to promote recognition and respect for such rights. One such initiative was the introduction of Collaborative Forest Management (CFM) in Echuya Central Forest Reserve in south-western Uganda. This study used cross sectional and explanatory research designs to assess the influence of recognition and respect for resource rights under CFM for the conservation of Echuya. Results showed that community members' resource access rights are generally respected by the National Forestry Authority (NFA). Recognition and respect for tenure and forest resource rights have a significant positive influence on forest conservation. However, conspiracy between community members and Government forestry officials undermined the essence of collaboration. Poverty exhibited by inadequate access to food compelled local community members to violate CFM agreements. Strengthening alternative livelihood support projects among forest adjacent communities is vital in order to support forest conservation. La reconnaissance et le respect du droit foncier et des ressources forestières ont longtemps été considérés comme essentiels par les créateurs de politiques pour promouvoir la conservation forestière, et plusieurs initiatives ont été entreprises pour encourager la reconnaissance et le respect de tels droits. Une de ces initiatives a été l'introduction de la Gestion forestière collaborative (CFM) dans la réserve forestière de l'Echuya Central dans le sud-ouest de l'Ouganda. Cette étude a utilisé des schémas de recherche explicative et transversale pour évaluer l'influence de la reconnaissance et du respect des droits aux ressources sous la CFM, pour la conservation de l'Echuya. Les résultats ont démontré que les droits d'accès des membres de la communauté aux ressources forestières, sont généralement respectés par l'Autorité nationale forestière (NFA). La reconnaissance et le respect du droit foncier et de celui de l'accès aux ressources forestières ont une influence positive significative dans la conservation forestière. Toutefois, la conspiration entre les membres de la communauté et le personnel officiel de la foresterie gouvernementale a miné l'essence de la collaboratio","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"486 - 516"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48081467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Forest-Based Circular Bioeconomy for Sustainable Development: A Case Study of Konya Province, Turkey","authors":"T. Deniz, A. Paletto","doi":"10.1505/146554822836282527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1505/146554822836282527","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS The circular bioeconomy is a key concept to improve the performance of the forest-based sector in Turkey. A set of indicators to assess the performance of the forest-wood chain at local scale was developed. The proposed indicators consider the three pillars and the 4R fremawork of the circular bioeconomy. The indicators were tested in two districts in Konya Province (Turkey) to evaluate their applicability and replicability in other contexts. The indicators developed in this study are suitable and easily replicable in other countries. SUMMARY The concept of the circular bioeconomy is becoming increasingly important for the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development worldwide. The aim of this study is to develop a set of indicators suitable to monitor the implementation of the circular bioeconomy principles in the forest-based sector. The indicators were defined considering the 4R framework and tested in a case study in Konya Province, Turkey. The data to calculate the indicators were collected through the administration of a questionnaire to wood processing enterprises in the study area. The results show that the majority of roundwood processed by enterprises and the workforce are locally sourced. Two strengths of the forest-based sector are the high average productive yield and the economically efficient allocation of wood residues for panels and bioenergy production. Conversely, the main weaknesses are the low amount of certified roundwood processed and the high CO2 emissions due to the transport of wood materials. Considering the results of this study, the current situation in Konya Province could be improved through an enhancement of the Chain of Custody (CoC) certification for both local roundwood and wood residues. Le concept d'une bioéconomie circulaire prend une importance croissante dans la mise à exécution de l'Agenda pour un développement durable dans le monde de 2030. Le but de cette étude est de développer un groupe d'indicateurs capables de gérer la mise en pratique des principes de bioéconomie circulaire dans le secteur basé sur la forêt. Ces indicateurs ont été définis en considérant le cadre 4R et testés dans une étude-cas dans la province de Konya en Turquie. Les données utilisées pour calculer ces indicateurs ont été recueillies à l'aide d'un questionnaire soumis aux entreprises de transformation du bois dans la région d'étude. Les résultats montrent que la majorité du bois-rond transformé par les entreprises est obtenu localement, ainsi que la main-d'œuvre. Deux forces du secteur basé sur la forêt sont la forte moyenne de production et l'allocation économiquement efficace des résidus de bois à la production de panneaux et à la production de bioénergie. Néanmoins, ses principales faiblesses sont le taux infime de bois certifié dans la chaîne et les fortes émissions de CO2 dues au transport des matériaux boisés. Si l'on considère les résultats de cette étude, la situation actuelle dans la province d","PeriodicalId":13868,"journal":{"name":"International Forestry Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"517 - 533"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45789485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}