International Journal of Applied Glass Science最新文献

{"title":"Optimization of heating and molding temperatures in multi-station glass molding for a meniscus aspheric lens","authors":"Jian Zhou,&nbsp;Baocheng Huang,&nbsp;Shihu Xiao,&nbsp;Lihua Li","doi":"10.1111/ijag.70015","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Multi-station precision glass molding (PGM) technique enhances production efficiency by sequentially distributing heating, molding, and cooling across multiple stations. However, designing proper temperature settings for this technique is challenging due to the non-continuous temperature profile between stations and their interdependence. This study employs finite element simulations to analyze the heating and molding behaviors of a positive meniscus aspheric lens under various temperature settings. The results reveal that the glass temperature increases progressively across heating stations but does not reach the target due to limited heat absorption. Temperature gradients induce tensile stress during heating, while compressive stress during pressing decreases exponentially with higher heating temperatures due to stress relaxation. The molding temperature is critical for complete lens filling, with 580°C identified as the minimum requirement for P-SK57 glass. Additionally, increasing the molding temperature to 590°C expands the number of suitable temperature settings, offering greater flexibility in temperature selection. Out of 60 design groups, 24 meet all process criteria. The first heating station temperature should not exceed 400°C to minimize the risk of excessive thermal shock. Additionally, all heating stations must collaboratively generate a uniform, sufficiently high final heating temperature to control maximum compressive stress during pressing. This work establishes a framework and provides systematic guidelines for selecting optimal heating and molding temperature settings in multi-station molding, enhancing heating efficiency, reducing thermal stress, and ensuring high-quality replication. The findings would contribute to advancing multi-station PGM technology and offer practical insights for optimizing industrial-scale optical manufacturing.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145626380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148094028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of thermal history in the formation of commercial-scale, infrared glass-ceramics","authors":"Christopher Kosan,&nbsp;Sarah Banker,&nbsp;Benjamin Zerbe,&nbsp;Zephyr G. Ramsey,&nbsp;Catherine I. Padilla,&nbsp;James LaPlante,&nbsp;Gil B. J. Sop Tagne,&nbsp;Andrew Howe,&nbsp;Zhiyun Xu,&nbsp;Rashi Sharma,&nbsp;Sawyer D. Campbell,&nbsp;Douglas H. Werner,&nbsp;Myungkoo Kang,&nbsp;Ilya Mingareev,&nbsp;Juejun Hu,&nbsp;Kim W. Larsen,&nbsp;Kathleen A. Richardson","doi":"10.1111/ijag.70014","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The ability to translate melt properties and performance of small volume optical glass melts (i.e., melt sizes less than a few hundred grams) to manufacturable, commercial size melts (typically greater than 1 kg) requires a variety of processing optimization steps. Such melt size scale-up often involves issues related to thermal properties of the composition and thermal history of the glass upon quenching, impacting the thermal, mechanical, and optical property homogeneity. In the present effort, we assess the viability of a complex, well-studied, functional glass composition, <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>20</mn>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mtext>GeSe</mtext>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>60</mn>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mtext>As</mtext>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mtext>Se</mtext>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>20</mn>\u0000 <mtext>PbSe</mtext>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$20text{GeSe}_2 - 60text{As}_2text{Se}_3 - 20text{PbSe}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> (GAP-Se) to evaluate the likelihood that commercial melts can be made to exhibit optical performance comparable to past lab-scale melts. Such confirmation of property/performance metrics is required to satisfy the rigors of optical designer demands that can enable new solutions for infrared optical designs. We demonstrate that for GAP-Se bulk glass subjected to controlled crystallization, measurable modification to the optical composite's effective refractive index can be achieved. Employing these data, we present viable mid-wave infrared optical design results implementing a methodology suggesting how gradient refractive index elements from this material can be made with equivalent or improved size, weight, power, and cost.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145626019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148091932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148079079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relation between porosity-based and crystal-based femtosecond laser-induced nanogratings in oxide glasses","authors":"Imane Ktafi,&nbsp;Maxime Cavillon,&nbsp;Matthieu Lancry,&nbsp;Bertrand Poumellec","doi":"10.1111/ijag.70013","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Femtosecond laser irradiation in glass, under controlled conditions, can induce two types of nanogratings (NG): porous nanogratings (pNG) and crystal/glass nanogratings (cNG). While most glasses exhibit only one type, binary aluminosilicate glasses have shown both types of NG. This work investigates the conditions enabling such possibility in this glass system. First, we combine the Johnson‒Mehl‒Avrami‒Kolmogorov equation with laser thermal treatment curves, varying laser parameters (repetition rate and pulse energy). This investigation clarifies crystallization conditions during irradiation and identifies those required to form NG in crystalline regions. Second, we propose an explanation for the unexpected superior thermal stability of cNG compared to pNG, as reported in the literature. Our model predicts a 200°C improvement considering 1% retardance drift over 25 years. Finally, we map the domains of existence and coexistence of pNG and cNG within a typical repetition rate - pulse energy landscape. This approach enables the determination of optimal femtosecond laser crystallization conditions by integrating glass composition with laser parameters (speed, pulse energy, and repetition rate). It offers a practical toolbox for glass design and optical property engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ceramics.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijag.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145530190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of zirconolite-based borosilicate glass–ceramics for nuclear waste immobilization","authors":"Mei Li,&nbsp;Zhaobo Li,&nbsp;Rugeng Liu,&nbsp;Meng Zhang,&nbsp;Wei Han","doi":"10.1111/ijag.70012","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The proper disposal of nuclear waste is crucial to reducing the risks brought by the development of nuclear energy. In this study, zirconolite-based borosilicate glass–ceramics immobilized with praseodymium oxide (Pr₆O₁₁) was studied and the influence of Pr₆O₁₁ content on their stability was also investigated. The synthesis of zirconolite at 1300°C exhibited excellent crystallinity and morphology when doping different amounts of Pr₆O₁₁. A mixture of barium borosilicate glass and different amounts of ceramic raw materials was sintered at 1300°C. X-ray diffraction results showed that as the ceramic content increased, zirconolite has more crystallinity. The energy dispersive spectroscopy mapping of the glass–ceramics revealed an even distribution of praseodymium across the surface. By conducting chemical durability testing, the leaching rate of praseodymium (NR_Pr) in glass–ceramics was 2.208 ± 0.012 × 10⁻⁶ g·m⁻²·day⁻¹ at day 28. The results of the chemical durability tests indicate that zirconolite-based borosilicate glass–ceramics exhibit good leaching performance. This strong leaching performance is essential for the solidification of radioactive nuclides, ultimately facilitating the safe disposal of nuclear waste.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145406510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148096474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precise modulation of dissolution, therapeutic ion release, and biocompatibility in bioactive glasses","authors":"Brenna Kettlewell,&nbsp;Daniel Boyd","doi":"10.1111/ijag.70011","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the controlled dissolution and ion release kinetics of multicomponent borate glasses within the borate anomaly, focusing on therapeutic ions such as calcium, zinc, and fluorine, which are critical in applications ranging from cancer therapy to bone regeneration and oral health. A Design of Mixtures (DoM) statistical modeling approach was employed to systematically evaluate the effects of glass composition on dissolution, ion release, and cytotoxicity. By synthesizing 23 glass formulations, the study demonstrates how statistical modeling enables precise prediction and control of material properties, revealing key interactions between components that are difficult to identify using traditional methods. Notably, higher ZnO content stabilized the glass network, reducing dissolution and ion release rates. The approach also uncovered complex synergies between zinc, titanium, and calcium, emphasizing the value of a multifactorial approach in optimizing glass performance. While higher ZnO concentrations (i.e., 16–20 mol%) correlated with increased cytotoxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), several formulations exhibited no cytotoxic effects at a concentration of 0.2 g/mL, highlighting the need for careful compositional tuning. This research demonstrates how integrating experimental and computational methods can permit the design of glasses with tailored dissolution and ion release kinetics, enabling more effective, customizable, and personalized medical treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ceramics.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijag.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145366427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148089584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}