Scientific Inquiry and Review最新文献

{"title":"Heat Transportation of Ferrofluid in a Micro Annulus","authors":"Muhammad Sajid, B. Ahmad, Muhammad Tariq Ali, Jihad Ahmed Younis","doi":"10.32350/sir/54.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir/54.05","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigated the effect of magnetic field on heat-absorbent ferrofluid in a vertical loop consisting of a pair of concentric cylinders with surface sliding and temperature jumping. For this puprose, the control equation was converted into the dimensional form using non-dimensional quantities and parameters. The system of equations was solved analytically using an integration technique. Subsequently, the solution was obtained in the form of first and second type of Bessel functions. The results are presented graphically and show that velocity increases with the increase in the nanoparticle size. Resultantly, the rate of heat transfer of the fluid in the inner cylinder reduces.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134035334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Synthesis of Mixed Metal Oxide (MnO, CuO, ZnO) Nanoparticles (NPs) using Rose Petal Extract: An investigation of their Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activities","authors":"S. S. Gillani, S. Khan, R. Nazir, A. Qurashi","doi":"10.32350/sir/54.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir/54.04","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, mixed metal oxide (CuO, ZnO, and MnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via the green process, which is considered to be simple, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and non-toxic. During the green synthesis method, rose petal extract was used as a reducing and capping agent, while salt solutions (CuCl2, MnCl2, and ZnSO4) were used for the bio-reduction of metal precursors, leading to the formation of mixed metal oxide (CuO, ZnO, MnO) NPs. UV-Visible and FTIR spectroscopy were used for the analysis of mixed metal oxide (CuO, ZnO, MnO) NPs. The results showed maximum absorbance of the mixed metal oxide in the range of 280 to 370 nm. The presence of particular peaks in FTIR verified the synthesis of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles. Subsequently, the antimicrobial and antifungal activities of mixed metal oxide (CuO, ZnO, MnO) NPs were tested by using the disc diffusion method and well diffusion method. Mixed metal oxide (CuO, ZnO, MnO) NPs displayed antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Curvularia lunata, Aspergillus niger, and Trichophyton simii. Hence, these mixed metal oxide (CuO, ZnO, MnO) NPs can be effectively used in the pharmaceutical sector. \u0000Keywords: antifungal, antimicrobial, green synthesis, mixed metal oxides nanoparticles (MONPs), rose petals extracts \u0000Copyright (c) The Authors","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126453680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Parasitic Species in Ruminants Found in the Vicinity of Lahore, Pakistan","authors":"U. Rafi, R. Yasmeen, A. Qureshi, Rabia Bukhari, Syeda Shazia Bukhari","doi":"10.32350/sir.54.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.54.04","url":null,"abstract":"In Pakistan, the livestock industry is one of the most important subsectors of the agricultural industry as it offers a handsome share in gross domestic national growth. However, gastrointestinal parasitic infections are a serious concern for cattle managing organizations and farmers. These effects of gastrointestinal parasites may vary with the age, sex of cattle, nutritional practices, and the sever of contagion. So, there is a need to update knowledge on spatio-temporal differences and regulate practices to improve the health conditions of animals. The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in bovine, caprine and ovine genera reared in and around Lahore. A total number of 160 fecal samples were collected from all different genera. To calculate the prevalence of parasites in different genera, all the samples were subjected to parasitological examination and analyzed through direct smear method. In general, an overall prevalence of 40% was recorded showing 64 samples were positive. The observed parasitic species were Balantidium coli (a parasitic protozoan), Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke), Coccidia (a microscopic protozoan), Shistosoma bovis (blood fluke), Ostertagia ostertagi (parasitic nematode), Trichuris globulosa (intestinal nematode), Haemonchus contortus (pathogenic nematode), Chabertia ovina (parasitic roundworms) and Strogyloides papillosus (parasitic nematode). Overall out of 160 total samples 64 samples were positive and 40% prevalence was recorded in all ruminants. Among bovines, (cows and buffaloes), the multi-parasites prevalence was recorded as 47.5 and 37.5%, respectively. However, in ovine (sheep) and caprine (goats), the prevalence was 42.5 and 32.5% respectively. The parasitic prevalence was observed alike in adults and young. The data showed a higher parasitic prevalence in adult bovine and ovine species as compared to caprine species. The study showed a significant difference (P value< 0.05) among adult and young groups of Balantidium coli in buffaloes, Fasicola hepatica in cows and Ostertagia ostertagi in goats. It was concluded that low occurrence of parasites in ovine and caprine species as compared to bovine species was due to proper care and deworming practices being used for these animals. Moreover, there is further need to consider different managerial control practices and awareness programs to control gastrointestinal parasitic infections. \u0000Copyright(c) The Authors","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133428124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Solution of Fourth Order Homogeneous Parabolic Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) using Non-Polynomial Cubic Spline Method (NPCSM)","authors":"Bilal Ahmad, Anjum Perviz, M. O. Ahmad, F. Dayan","doi":"10.32350/sir/54.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir/54.02","url":null,"abstract":"Non-polynomial cubic spline functions are already being used in the field of engineering, computer sciences, and natural sciences to solve ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and partial differential equations (PDEs). However, many of the above-mentioned problems do not have an exact, stable, or convergent exact solution. There are different approximations and methods that can be applied to solve these problems. This study implemented the purposed method on homogeneous parabolic PDEs having different dimensions. The results obtained were compared with the exact solution and results of other existing methods in tabular and graphical form. Mathematica was used to find the mathematical and graphical results.EMATICA. \u0000Keywords: Adomian decomposition method (ADM), non-polynomial cubic spline method (NPCSM), continuous approximation, finite difference approximations, fourth order homogeneous parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs) \u0000Copyright(c) The Authors","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115331526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Polyphenols in Preventing Prostate Cancer Cell Growth through Calcium Channel Blockers: An Overview","authors":"S. Perveen, Sumaira Kanwal, Rehmana Rashid, Shafia Arshad","doi":"10.32350/sir/54.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir/54.01","url":null,"abstract":"Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most widely diagnosed cancer in men and the sixth leading cause of death among them due to cancer. Phytochemicals play a significant role in chemo preventions. Recently, an increasing number of studies have looked into the role of polyphenols with regard to prostate cancer cell growth, highlighting their ability to target various cellular mechanisms. For this reason, we specifically focused on the studies published in the last twenty years by using different search engines including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Sciences, and Scopus in order to select and identify the potential role of polyphenols in targeting prostate cancer through calcium channel blockers. We concluded that polyphenols are the primary chemopreventive agents for prostate cancer. \u0000Keywords: calcium channel blocker, cancer, chemopreventive, polyphenols, prostate cancer \u0000Copyright(c) The Author","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124621737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Polyphenols in Preventing Prostate Cancer Cell Growth by Calcium Channel Blockers: A Review","authors":"Shafia Arshad, S. Parveen, Sumaira Kanwal, Rehmana Rashid","doi":"10.32350/sir.54.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.54.01","url":null,"abstract":"Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most widely diagnosed cancer in men and the sixth leading cause of cancer death. Signal transductions are always linked with cancers, and phytochemicals play a predominantly striking role in chemo preventions.  We specifically focused on the researches which have been done in last twenty year by using different search engines including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Sciences and Scopus. An increasing number of studies have looked into the role of polyphenols on prostate cancer cell growth, highlighting their ability to target various cellular mechanisms. In this review, we picked out and found the potential role of polyphenols in targeting prostate cancer through calcium channel blockers and concluded that polyphenols are the primary chemo-preventive agents for prostate cancer. \u0000Copyright(c) The Author","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125098333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Exogenous Application of Some Growth Regulators on Growth and Yield of Maize(Zea mays L.) Cultivars","authors":"Naila Sarwar, M. Arshad, Musarat, Hafiz Muhammed Wariss, Asma Yaqoob","doi":"10.32350/sir.52.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.52.03","url":null,"abstract":"Maize being subtropical crop is sensitive to low temperature at early growth stages. Exogenous application of humic acid (HA), ascorbic acid (AsA), and thiourea (TU) can improve the growth of maize. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different plant growth regulators to as a foliar spray to two (pioneer 1543 and monsanto 8441) maize cultivars. Main objective of this research is exogenous application of plant growth regulators that significantly increase the growth parameters, plant biomass and yield of plant. A total of 3 treatments TO = control, T1 = 20ml/L HA, AsA and TU, T2 = 30ml/L HA, AsA and TU and T3 = 50ml/L HA, AsA and TU were tested in a randomized complete block design with three replications. All the treatments improved the yield, growth and biomass of maize. Although, various treatments, thiourea showed the maximum leaf length, root length and cobe length of the plant. Results declared that foliar spray of plants growth regulators increased the growth parameters viz; plant height, Number of leaves per plant, Leaf area, Number of nodes and Fresh weight of plant.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128160880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solution of Parabolic Partial Differential Equations by Non-Polynomial Cubic Spline Technique","authors":"Bilal Ahmad, Anjum Perviz, Muhammad Ozair Ahmad, F. Dayan","doi":"10.32350/sir.53.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.53.05","url":null,"abstract":"Parabolic partial differential equation having a great impact on our scientific, engineering and technology. Enormous research have been conducted for the solution of parabolic PDEs. . In this research work, we introduced a novel technique for the numerical solution of fourth order PDEs.  The novel technique is based upon the polynomial cubic cutting method (PCSM) was used with Adomian breakdown technique (ADM).The constraint for the alternative variables was decomposed by Edomian decomposition for the successive approximation. A numerical test problem of parabolic PDEs solved by purposed technique","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133705267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Construction of Polynomial Spiral Segment Using Cubic Ball Basis Functions","authors":"Abdul Majeed, M. Kamran, M. Abbas","doi":"10.32350/sir.51.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.51.04","url":null,"abstract":"B-splines, Bezier, Ball curves and NURBS (non-uniform rational B-splines) are commonly used in CADand CAGD applications. Unfortunately their fairness is not guaranteed. Spiral segments help us in designingimproved form of curves called fair curves. Such fair curves are useful in sophisticated applications such asdesign of routes of high ways and railways and mobile robot trajectories. In this paper we have developed thepolynomial cubic Ball spiral segment with degree of freedom. The effect of shape parameters is also observed.In the end results are represented in graphical form.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129698924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemistry of Allium cepa L. (Onion): Its Nutritional and Pharmacological Importance","authors":"Nida Mahmood, M. Muazzam, MuhammadSyarhabil Ahmad, S. Hussain, Warda Javed","doi":"10.32350/sir.53.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.53.04","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to review the phytochemical composition, nutritional and pharmacological values of Allium cepa L. (Onion). Attempts have been made to compile the findings of 75 articles into a single manuscript. Onion is cultivated all over the world. The onion bulbs are comprised of polysaccharides including peptides, fructans, flavonoids (mostly quercetin), saccharose and organosulfur compounds having salutary effects on human health. The onion in the diet gives us a positive response in nutritional manner. The nutritional contents of onion bulb are crude oil, vitamin E, sodium, potassium, and zinc. The onion bulb has the potential to reduce the problem of stomach cancer, osteoporosis, and brain cancer in human beings. In addition, onion is antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-scar, antispasmodic, antiseptic, anti-genotoxic, anti-mutagenic, diuretic,anti-parasitic, antimicrobial, antipyretic, and Analgesic.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117052523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}