Scientific Inquiry and Review最新文献

Properties of Graph Based on Divisor-Euler Functions 基于除数-欧拉函数的图形属性

Scientific Inquiry and Review Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.32350/sir.74.04

Asif abd ur Rehman, Hafiz M. Khalid Mehmood

引用次数: 0

Investigating the Impact of Environmental Toxicology of Heavy Metals in Fish: A Study of Rivers of Pakistan 调查鱼类体内重金属的环境毒理学影响：巴基斯坦河流研究

Scientific Inquiry and Review Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.32350/sir.74.05

A. Chatha, Saima Naz, Syeda Saira Iqbal, Unab Zahra

{"title":"Investigating the Impact of Environmental Toxicology of Heavy Metals in Fish: A Study of Rivers of Pakistan","authors":"A. Chatha, Saima Naz, Syeda Saira Iqbal, Unab Zahra","doi":"10.32350/sir.74.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.74.05","url":null,"abstract":"The global concern of heavy metal toxicity has affected all nations, as the discharge of agricultural runoff and untreated industrial waste into water bodies, including rivers, leads to environmental toxicology. This increased level of heavy metals poses risks not only for marine life but also to those who consume them. While fish is an important protein source, consuming contaminated fish containing high levels of heavy metals can have severe adverse effects on human health. Therefore, it is crucial to address these pollution sources effectively in Pakistan, where a significant portion of the population relies on agriculture and fishing for their living. The country's rapid industrialization and urbanization have substantially increased pollutants in its rivers and other water bodies. The current body of research has indicated that the elevated levels of heavy metals in the ecosystem, including the Indus River, pose a significant threat to the local ecosystem and the well-being of marine life. Heavy metal pollution in Pakistani rivers originates from multiple sources, such as industrial effluents, agricultural runoff, and municipal waste. The unregulated discharge of industrial waste into rivers is a major contributor to heavy metal pollution in Pakistani rivers. Moreover, the excessive and uncontrolled use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture equally contributes to the contamination of rivers with heavy metals. The current study is a review article, which provides a comprehensive explanation of how environmental toxicology affects the ecosystem, especially concerning the rivers of Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139312805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plant-Extract of Mimusops elengi leaves and Flower-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biomedical Applications 植物提取物 Mimusops elengi 叶和花介导的氧化锌纳米粒子：合成、表征和生物医学应用

Scientific Inquiry and Review Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.32350/sir.74.01

Iram Bashir, S. S. Gillani, Fouzia Majeed

{"title":"Plant-Extract of Mimusops elengi leaves and Flower-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biomedical Applications","authors":"Iram Bashir, S. S. Gillani, Fouzia Majeed","doi":"10.32350/sir.74.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.74.01","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aims to employ an ecologically sustainable method, utilizing a plant-based extract derived from Mimusops elengi as both a reducing and capping agent. Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was done from aqueous leaves and flower extracts of Mimusops elengi. Different spectroscopic techniques were used to characterize these biosynthesized (ZnO NPs) zinc oxide nanoparticles like UV-visible, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX techniques. UV-visible spectroscopy showed the absorption wavelength of ZnO NPs at 353nm (leaves extracts) and 365nm (flowers extracts). FTIR spectra showed the absorption frequency of different functional groups present in plant extract along with ZnO peak at 637cm-1 (leaves extracts) and 643cm-1 (flowers extracts). XRD results revealed the hexagonal structure and crystalline nature of biosynthesized ZnO NPs. The average grain size calculated for ZnO NPs of leaves and flower extracts was 10.37 and 15.52nm, respectively. SEM analysis showed a hexagonal shape. EDX confirmed the formation and purity of ZnO NPs by showing an abundant % of zinc and oxygen atoms. The significant bactericidal efficacy of biosynthesized ZnO NPs was found against pathogens Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. When compared to ZnO nanoparticles from flower extracts and biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles from leaf extract exhibited substantial suppression. ZnO-NPs synthesized from leaves and flower extracts of Mimusops elengi can be subjugated for biomedical and ecologically sustainable applications.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139312885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coefficient Inequalities for Certain Subclass of Starlike Function with respect to Symmetric points related to q-exponential Function 与 q 指数函数对称点有关的星状函数某些子类的系数不等式

Scientific Inquiry and Review Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.32350/sir.74.03

Zameer Abbas, Sadia Riaz

引用次数: 0

Isolation and Identification of Lawsonia Content from the Leaves of Henna (Lawsonia inermis) 从指甲花(Lawsonia inermis)叶片中分离鉴定Lawsonia成分

Scientific Inquiry and Review Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.32350/sir.72.04

Muhammad Shahzad Aslam, Sana Siddique, Muhammad Zaheer, M. Zia-ur-Rehman, Z. Noreen, Yousuf Abbas, A. Sohail, Muhammad Aneeq Javed, M. Rashid, Aamir Ali

引用次数: 0

Shape-Preserving Curve and Surface Data Embedding Algorithm 保形曲线与曲面数据嵌入算法

Scientific Inquiry and Review Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.32350/sir.72.01

Farheen Ibraheem, Shamaila Samreen, Muhammad Bilal Riaz, Tayba Arooj

引用次数: 0

Assessing the Impact of Prolonged Screen Time on Ophthalmic Health among Students: A Post-COVID-19 Study in Pakistan 评估长时间屏幕对学生眼部健康的影响:一项在巴基斯坦进行的后covid -19研究

Scientific Inquiry and Review Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.32350/sir.72.03

Basit Ali, Kaniz Fatima, Mahnoor, Amen Fatima, Kinza Mazhar

{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Prolonged Screen Time on Ophthalmic Health among Students: A Post-COVID-19 Study in Pakistan","authors":"Basit Ali, Kaniz Fatima, Mahnoor, Amen Fatima, Kinza Mazhar","doi":"10.32350/sir.72.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.72.03","url":null,"abstract":"Human beings heavily rely on the sense of sight, as sight mainly controls approximately 80% of our perception. During the COVID-19 pandemic, students had to take their online classes by using different electronic devices. By not following the proper instructions to use these devices, primary students faced eyesight issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. Low Vision is a commonly diagnosed issue in ophthalmology in Pakistan. Therefore, the current study is a survey-based research. For this purpose, a population of 100 primary students was gathered who took online classes during the pandemic and developed eyesight issues after their online classes. Based on statistical analysis, the logistic regression model was used to analyze the eyesight issues among the primary students considering several variables including gender, age, distance with devices, duration of using the devices, and analyzing previous eyesight issues. The findings indicated that male students have a more chance of developing eyesight issues than female students. Hence, it was deduced that female students who used their devices from a distance of more than 16 inches for less than 3 hours had the least possibility of developing any eyesight issues. ","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130094530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential of Antioxidant Enzymes as biochemical biomarkers for glyphosate-based herbicide in Oreochromis niloticus 抗氧化酶作为草甘膦除草剂生物化学标志物的潜力

Scientific Inquiry and Review Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.32350/sir.72.02

Ahmad Manan, M. Chatha, S. Naz, S. Iqbal, Azka Kiran, Maria Lateef, Anab Zahra, Syeda Saira, . Iqbal3

{"title":"Potential of Antioxidant Enzymes as biochemical biomarkers for glyphosate-based herbicide in Oreochromis niloticus","authors":"Ahmad Manan, M. Chatha, S. Naz, S. Iqbal, Azka Kiran, Maria Lateef, Anab Zahra, Syeda Saira, . Iqbal3","doi":"10.32350/sir.72.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.72.02","url":null,"abstract":"The current study examined the toxicity of Roundup, which is a herbicide containing glyphosate that is commonly used in agriculture, on Oreochromis niloticus, a type of freshwater fish. The researchers investigated the effectiveness of using antioxidant enzymes as biochemical biomarkers to assess the potentially toxic impact of Roundup on the fish. The sub-lethal concentration of Roundup in tilapia is 1.05 mg/l for 96 hours of exposure. The fish were exposed to sub-lethal concentration (36.8 to 46.9 mg/L) of Roundup for a period of 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours, and their antioxidant enzyme activities were measured, respectively. According to the findings, Roundup exposure led to a noticeable rise in the levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase activities in both the liver and gill tissues of the fish, which suggested the occurrence of oxidative stress. These changes in antioxidant enzyme activities were concentration-dependent, suggesting that Roundup exposure can induce oxidative damage in fish. The study concluded that Roundup affects the enzymatic activity of both organs in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Catalase and peroxidase activities were generally inhibited, while superoxide dismutase activity was affected differently depending on the organ, concentration, and time of exposure.","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125830122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review of Pharmacological Activity of Ephedra Gerardiana 麻黄药理活性研究进展

Scientific Inquiry and Review Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.32350/sir.72.05

Halima Nazar, Azalfa Amar, Mohmmad Younus, G. Shaheen, Hafiz Muhammad Asif, Farah Zafar, Sultan Ayaz

{"title":"Review of Pharmacological Activity of Ephedra Gerardiana","authors":"Halima Nazar, Azalfa Amar, Mohmmad Younus, G. Shaheen, Hafiz Muhammad Asif, Farah Zafar, Sultan Ayaz","doi":"10.32350/sir.72.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/sir.72.05","url":null,"abstract":"Ephedra gerardiana (E. gerardiana,), commonly known as \"Ma-huang,\" is a medicinal plant native to the Himalayan region. Historically, it has a long traditional use in various indigenous systems for medicinal purpose. The current review aims to summarize the present knowledge on the botanical description, phytochemistry, traditional uses, and pharmacological properties of E. gerardiana. This study was thoroughly based on previous literature and was conducted by using electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Relevant studies and recently published articles up till 2020 were included in this review. E. gerardiana is a small shrub-like plant characterized by jointed stems, scale-like leaves, and cylindrical cones. It belongs to the family Ephedraceae and is commonly found in arid and semi-arid regions. Phytochemical analysis has revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds in Ephedra gerardiana, including ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, norephedrine, and methyl ephedrine. These alkaloids are primarily responsible for their pharmacological activities. In traditional medicine, Ephedra gerardiana has been used for its bronchodilatory, diaphoretic, diuretic, and thermogenic properties. Additionally, it has been employed for the treatment of respiratory disorders, namely, asthma and nasal congestion, as a stimulant. Its bioactive alkaloids, particularly ephedrine, have been extensively studied for their potential therapeutic applications. However, caution should be exercised due to the potential side effects associated with ephedrine-containing products. Further research can explore its mechanisms of action, optimize dosage regimens, and investigate potential drug interactions to ensure its safe and effective use in clinical settings. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":137307,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Inquiry and Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127684814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Image Registration using the Rigid Group 使用刚性组进行图像配准

Scientific Inquiry and Review Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.32350/sir.71.05

M. Tufail, Saima Gul

引用次数: 0