International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Concentrated Growth Factor and Platelet-rich Fibrin on Healing of Periapical Lesions using Cone Beam Computed Tomography - An <i>In Vivo</i> Study.","authors":"Saminathan Kathiravan, Mahendran Kavitha, Muthukrishnan Sudharshana Ranjani, Mayilsamy Arun Prasad, Samidurai Prema Akshaya, Prabhakaran Pooja","doi":"10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_59_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_59_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, platelet concentrates have been extensively researched for bone regeneration.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study is to quantitatively evaluate and compare bone regeneration potential in periapical lesions using concentrated growth factor (CGF) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty subjects with periapical lesions measuring 10-20 mm in relation to maxillary and mandibular incisors indicated for periapical surgery were selected. Preoperative bone density values at the periapical region were measured using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Root canal treatment was completed appropriately in all cases. Under adequate local anesthesia, periapical surgery was performed. The 20 subjects were randomly divided into two groups with 10 subjects in each group. Group I: Periapical bone defect filled with PRF and Group II: Periapical bone defect filled with CGF. The mucoperiosteal flaps were repositioned and sutured. Bone density evaluation of the periapical region was done 6 months and 1 year after surgery using CBCT. The Hounsfield unit values obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using an independent samples <i>t</i>-test for inter-group comparison. The intragroup comparison was done by one-way repeated measure analysis of variance and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Group I and Group II, a statistically significant difference was observed at the end of 6 months and 1 year, when compared to the preoperative bone density values. There was no statistically significant difference in bone density values between the PRF and CGF groups at both 6 months and 1-year postoperative observation periods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PRF and CGF were equally effective in promoting bone regeneration and can be considered a valuable option for the enhancement of healing in periapical bone defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":13727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"157-163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hidden Culprit - Caroli Disease Presenting as Recurrent Liver Abscesses in a 5-year-old Boy.","authors":"Onella Fernandes, Adwait Bendre, Shivangi Tetarbe, Dhruvi Shah, Ira Shah","doi":"10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_143_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_143_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Caroli disease is a rare congenital disorder characterized by segmental, nonobstructive dilatation of intrahepatic bile ducts, typically presenting in early adulthood with recurrent cholangitis. Pediatric presentation, particularly with hepatic abscess as the initial manifestation, is exceedingly uncommon. We report a 5-year-old boy who presented with prolonged fever and recurrent abdominal pain, found to have multiple nonresolving liver abscesses despite repeated courses of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Imaging with computed tomography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed segmental intrahepatic biliary dilatation with saccular cystic changes communicating with the biliary tree, confirming the diagnosis of type 1 Caroli disease. The child showed partial clinical and radiological response to prolonged intravenous antibiotics followed by oral prophylaxis, although long-term follow-up was limited. This case highlights an unusual early presentation of Caroli disease and underscores the importance of considering underlying biliary anomalies in children with recurrent or treatment-resistant liver abscesses. Early recognition through appropriate imaging is crucial to guide management and prevent complications such as recurrent infections, biliary stone formation, and malignant transformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"219-222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arterial Stiffness Assessed By Pulse Wave Velocity as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Cancer Patients.","authors":"D Dinakar Reddy, Jagadamba Aswathappa, Abhay K Kattepur","doi":"10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_119_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_119_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer patients are at increased risk of coronary artery disease. Vascular dysfunction is first reflected as arterial stiffness, which can be assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to appraise whether PWV is a clinical indicator of arterial stiffness.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A case-control observational study was undertaken in a tertiary teaching hospital among 589 participants, including 197 cancer patients undergoing treatment and 392 age-matched controls. Arterial stiffness and hemodynamic parameters were measured noninvasively using the Diabetes Risk Profiler system based on PeriScope^® technology. Statistical analysis included comparison of means, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cancer patients showed significantly higher heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, brachial-ankle PWV, carotid-femoral PWV, aortic pulse pressure, augmentation pressure, and augmentation index than controls, while ankle-brachial index was significantly lower (all <i>P</i> < 0.001). In cancer patients, PWV showed strong positive correlations with age and systolic blood pressure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cancer patients undergoing treatment have markedly increased arterial stiffness and altered vascular function compared with controls. PWV may be a useful, simple, and noninvasive marker for early cardiovascular risk assessment in cardio-oncology practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":13727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"192-196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Conundrum: Genital Tuberculosis with Omental Tubercles and Uterine Leiomyoma Masquerading as Malignancy.","authors":"Kesha Rachani, Gyanendra Singh, Tarang Patel","doi":"10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_114_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_114_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Female genital tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon form of extrapulmonary TB that may closely mimic advanced gynecological malignancy because of overlapping clinical, radiological, and biochemical findings. We report the case of a 70-year-old woman who presented with abdominal distension, pelvic pain, weight loss, elevated CA-125 levels, and omental nodularity suggestive of peritoneal carcinomatosis. Imaging revealed an enlarged uterus with an intramural mass and multiple peritoneal deposits, raising strong suspicion for ovarian or primary peritoneal malignancy. Diagnostic laparoscopy demonstrated multiple whitish tubercles involving the omentum, peritoneum, bowel wall, and uterine surface. Histopathological examination of hysterectomy, omentectomy, and peritoneal biopsy specimens revealed caseating granulomatous inflammation with Langhans giant cells involving the myometrium, cervix, omentum, and peritoneum, while the uterine mass was confirmed as leiomyoma. Subsequent microbiological evaluation established the diagnosis of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>. The patient responded favorably to anti-tubercular therapy. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge posed by genital and peritoneal TB in elderly patients, particularly when accompanied by elevated tumor markers and incidental uterine leiomyoma. Early histopathological confirmation and awareness of this entity are essential to avoid unnecessary radical surgical procedures and ensure timely initiation of appropriate therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"216-218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544653/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Clinical Outcomes and Electrophysiological Parameters of Left Bundle Branch Area Pacing: A Single-center Prospective Study with 12-month Follow-up.","authors":"Naved Aslam, Anshuman Gupta, Bhavuk Jaiswal, Gurpreet Singh Wander, Shibba Takkar Chhabra, Abhishek Goyal, Akash Batta, Bishav Mohan","doi":"10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_94_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_94_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) is developing as an effective technique for cardiac pacing, offering potential advantages over traditional right ventricular pacing methods. However, comprehensive assessment of LBBP outcomes across various indications and over extended follow-up periods is limited. This single-center prospective study aims to address this gap by evaluating the electrophysiological, echocardiographic, and clinical outcomes of LBBP over a 12-month follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-center prospective cohort study with repeated follow-up assessments performed at 3, 6, and 12 months following left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) implantation. This study enrolled 63 patients aged 18-80 with symptomatic bradyarrhythmia and left ventricular dysfunction undergoing LBBAP using Select Secure pacing leads. Outcomes were compared pre- and post-implantation at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up, assessing electrophysiological parameters, cardiac function, and adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, successful implantation was achieved in all patients, with selective LBB capture demonstrated in 78.9%. Lead parameters such as capture threshold, paced QRS duration, pacing impedance, and R wave amplitude at 3, 6, and 12 months when compared with the baseline, remained stable with no significant changes over time. Individuals with lower baseline ejection fraction EF improved significantly from baseline between 3 and 6 months, 6 and 12 months, and 3 and 12 months, respectively. Procedural and late complications were minimal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With improvements observed in electrophysiological parameters, cardiac function, and minimal adverse events over a 12-month follow-up period, LBBP demonstrates both efficacy and safety in this patient population. These results advocate for further exploration and utilization of LBBP as a preferred pacing strategy in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":13727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"164-170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red Blood Cell Parameters as Cost-effective Biomarkers in Normal and Altered Glycemic States: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Priyadarsini Dhavakumar, Latha Ramalingam, Vanathy Karunamoorthy","doi":"10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_112_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_112_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hemoglobin A1C levels, along with fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels, are the tests routinely used in the diagnosis and management of diabetes. Complete blood count (CBC) is a simple blood test commonly done for various conditions, from which various red blood cell (RBC) parameters can be assessed. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between blood glucose levels and RBC parameters, which can be assessed from routine blood investigations done during follow-up.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The subjects were categorized into three groups based on their hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) levels: normal, prediabetic, and diabetic groups. The first normal group (HbA1C <5.7%), the prediabetic group (HbA1C 5.7%-6.4%), and the diabetic group (HbA1C >6.5%). CBC was done, and total RBC count, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), MCH concentration (MCHC), and RBC distribution width (RDW) were determined. The data from the three groups were analyzed and compared for statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Chi-square test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for analysis of data in testing for statistical significance between the groups. Significant statistical difference was observed between the groups in MCV, MCHC, and RDW. The diabetic group observed the highest MCV (93.84 ± 8.98), highest RDW (44.59 ± 1.67), and least MCHC (33.09 ± 2.01) when compared with the prediabetic and normal groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study concludes that RBC parameters, which are often overlooked need to be considered as important indicators of glucose regulation and inflammatory status in addition to routine HbA1C and blood glucose assessment for comprehensive management of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"187-191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory Notifications by the National Medical Commission: A Pattern of U-turns, Withdrawals and Policy Volatility.","authors":"Rajiv Mahajan","doi":"10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_260_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_260_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"153-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Neurological Outcome and Recurrence after Standardized Double Burr-hole Evacuation for Chronic Subdural Hematoma.","authors":"Saurabh Sharma, Vaibhav Lakhanpal, Jagminder Singh, Vikram Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_48_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_48_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is increasingly common in older adults. Although burr-hole evacuation is effective, outcome and recurrence remain variable. This study evaluated the predictors of outcome and recurrence after a uniform double burr-hole technique.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this prospective observational study, 101 symptomatic CSDH patients admitted to Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana (July 2023-September 2024) underwent double burr-hole craniostomy with subdural drain. Demographic variables, comorbidities, antithrombotic use, alcohol intake, clinical status (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS], Markwalder grade, and modified Rankin scale mRS), CT findings (density, thickness, midline shift, laterality, membranes, and cerebral atrophy), laboratory parameters (international normalized ratio [INR], serum albumin, and total proteins), intraoperative findings, complications, recurrence, and hospital stay were recorded. Outcomes were assessed using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at discharge and at 2 months and dichotomized as favorable (GOS 5) or unfavorable (GOS 1-4).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort was predominantly male (81.2%) and elderly. Favorable outcome was achieved in 78.2% at discharge and 84.2% at 2 months; recurrence occurred in 14.9%. Unfavorable discharge outcome was significantly associated with older age (<i>P</i> = 0.027), hypertension (<i>P</i> = 0.026), poorer neurological status (higher Markwalder grade, higher mRS, lower GCS; all <i>P</i> < 0.001), bilateral hematoma (<i>P</i> = 0.037), cerebral atrophy (<i>P</i> = 0.021), intraoperative membranes (<i>P</i> = 0.036), higher INR (<i>P</i> = 0.047), and lower serum albumin (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and total proteins (<i>P</i> = 0.002). Hematoma thickness and midline shift were not predictive. Recurrence was significantly associated with hypertension (<i>P</i> = 0.046), blood thinner use (<i>P</i> = 0.001), alcohol consumption (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and higher INR (<i>P</i> = 0.007). Recurrence strongly predicted unfavorable follow-up outcome (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>After uniform double burr-hole evacuation, outcome and recurrence in CSDH are primarily influenced by baseline neurological status, vascular comorbidity, cerebral atrophy, membrane formation, and coagulation/nutritional markers, with antithrombotics and alcohol strongly increasing recurrence risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":13727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"179-186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiometabolic Risk Clustering and Surrogate Markers of Insulin Resistance in Adolescents.","authors":"Namrata Chhabra, Sarah Chhabra, Ranjit Patil, Sahiba Kukreja","doi":"10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_115_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_115_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescent obesity is increasingly linked to early insulin resistance (IR) and clustering of cardiometabolic abnormalities, including impaired glucose regulation, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and liver dysfunction. Identifying at-risk adolescents remains challenging due to physiological variability and a lack of standardized definitions.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to identify simple and reliable surrogate markers of IR and associated cardiometabolic risk in overweight and obese adolescents.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 182 adolescents aged 10-19 years underwent detailed anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical evaluation, including fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). IR was defined as homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) ≥2.5, and associations with demographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, dietary, clinical, and metabolic factors were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IR was identified in 62.6% of participants and was more common among obese and pubertal adolescents. Central obesity was present not only in the overweight and obese groups but also in 11.2% of normal-weight adolescents, indicating metabolic risk beyond body mass index (BMI). Measures of central adiposity, particularly waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), showed stronger associations with IR than BMI. IR-positive adolescents demonstrated clustering of metabolic, inflammatory, and hepatic abnormalities, including elevated glucose, insulin, triglycerides, triglyceride: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG: HDL-C) ratio, hs-CRP, uric acid, and ALT, with reduced HDL-C. Acanthosis nigricans, low physical activity, poor sleep, and increased screen time were also more frequent. Metabolic syndrome was present in 13.18% of participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IR and cardiometabolic risk are highly prevalent in adolescents with obesity. WHtR, TG: HDL-C ratio, ALT, hs-CRP, and acanthosis nigricans may serve as practical surrogate markers for identifying adolescents with HOMA-IR-defined IR and supporting early preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"171-178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Just-in-Time Teaching as a Learning Tool for First MBBS Students in Biochemistry.","authors":"Rajagambeeram Reeta, Ramachandran Niranjjan, Subramaniam Arulvijayavani","doi":"10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_145_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_145_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Teaching biochemistry to first-year MBBS students is challenging due to issues with retention and comprehension. Just-in-Time Teaching (JiTT) integrates preclass preparation with adaptive in-class activities to enhance engagement and learning. This study evaluated the effectiveness of JiTT in improving knowledge, student perceptions, and the feasibility of biochemistry teaching.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted among 250 first-year MBBS students, stratified by prior academic performance and allocated to the JiTT (<i>n</i> = 95) or conventional teaching (<i>n</i> = 121) groups. The JiTT group received online preparatory materials followed by interactive classroom sessions. Validated pre- and post - test multiple-choice question and case-based questions were used to assess knowledge. Student perceptions were measured using a structured Likert-scale questionnaire. Statistical analysis compared outcomes between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The JiTT group had significantly higher posttest scores than the conventional teaching group (<i>P</i> = 0.004). JiTT group reported improved motivation (56%), cognitive engagement (69%), problem-solving ability (72%), and enhanced collaboration (63%). About 79% of students spent <2 h on preclass preparation. Student satisfaction was high, with 80% rating JiTT as good to excellent. However, variability in active engagement in class was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>JiTT is an effective and feasible teaching strategy that enhances learning outcomes and engagement in biochemistry. Deeper understanding and better clinical preparedness may be promoted by its integration into the medical curriculum.</p>","PeriodicalId":13727,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research","volume":"16 3","pages":"210-215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}