Innovation in Aging最新文献

{"title":"Barriers and facilitators of implementing a shallow rental subsidy program at an area agency on aging.","authors":"Katie Hoops Calhoun, Anthony Traver, Marisa Sheldon","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag015","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>As the number of older adults experiencing homelessness and housing insecurity grows, there is an increasing need for responses aimed at preventing housing loss in later life. Because Area Agencies on Aging (AAAs) serve older adults across the socioeconomic spectrum and all older adults in the United States have access to AAA programs that support maintaining community-based living, they are well-positioned to address housing challenges. However, little is known about the implementation of these programs, limiting the adoption of practices across the AAA network. Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), this study aims to identify facilitators and barriers to implementing a shallow rental subsidy program at an AAA.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>We used a sequential mixed-methods implementation science design. Quantitative data were collected from AAA staff through a survey, and qualitative data were collected through focus groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Barriers and facilitators were identified across the 11 constructs within the CFIR inner-setting domain. Facilitators to implementation included the AAA's client-centered culture and structural characteristics (e.g., having an established Housing Assistance Program). Barriers to implementation included incompatibility with case manager workloads and a short timeframe that created confusion about the program.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Findings highlight opportunities for AAAs to implement shallow rental subsidy programs. Having an existing housing team structure is a facilitator for implementing new housing-related programs (e.g., shallow subsidies). Additionally, clear, targeted communication about the rationale for program elements and adequate time for referral, screening, and enrollment are essential for successful implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 5","pages":"igag015"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13069934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147672789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting the willingness to use home-care robots among Chinese older adults as potential users.","authors":"Yiwen Shi, Mei-Chun Cheung, Yong-Xin Ruan, Ziye Zhang, Zhujing Han, Xiaoting Liu, Run-Ping Che, Naonori Kodate, Sarah Donnelly, Wenwei Yu, Sayuri Suwa","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>In response to the Chinese government's ongoing promotion of robot-assisted care for community-dwelling older adults, a comprehensive model clarifying the factors influencing older adults' willingness to use home-care robots is needed to increase the technology adoption. This study aimed to investigate associations between four domains-familiarity with home-care robots, openness to the ethical use of home-care robots, desired functions, and desired product characteristics-and the willingness of Chinese older adults, as potential users, to use home-care robots.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>This study employed a cross-sectional design, recruiting 895 community-dwelling adults aged 60+ in Shanghai, China, through convenience sampling to complete the survey. 589 were identified as potential users without prior experience of using home-care robots. Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted for data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Specifically, 57.3% of the participants expressed a willingness to use home-care robots, whereas the remaining 42.7% did not wish to use them. Familiarity with home-care robots and the desired functions of the robots were not associated with their willingness to use them. Older adults who were open to the ethical use of robots, valued convenience/economic efficiency, and placed less emphasis on confidentiality and the opinions of people close to them expressed a higher willingness to use home-care robots.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>To increase Chinese older adults' willingness to use home-care robots, regulations that protect older adults' privacy and enhance the convenience and affordability of these robots should be implemented. Moreover, public education is necessary to increase older adults' understanding of home-care robots.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 5","pages":"igag014"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13070475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147672795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Revised Scale for Caregiving Self-Efficacy in the German population.","authors":"Clara Cornaro, Maike Bulian, Birgit Teichmann","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag016","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Informal caregivers of people living with dementia are susceptible to significant caregiver burden. Strengthening self-efficacy may alleviate burden by improving caregivers' ability to persist in the face of challenging situations. To provide a relevant assessment tool, this study aimed to translate the Revised Scale for Caregiving Self-Efficacy (RSCSE) into German and evaluate its psychometric properties.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Cross-sectional data with a test-retest subsample were collected online from June 2024 to March 2025. Reliability was assessed via internal consistency, item analysis, and test-retest reliability. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to evaluate structural validity. To assess construct and convergent validity, we included the following scales: Confidence in Dementia Care Scale, Benefits of Being a Caregiver Scale, Brief Resilience Scale, Perceived Social Support Questionnaire, Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The convenience sample consisted of 127 individuals, with 60 taking part in the retest after 4 weeks. The subscales in this sample demonstrate high internal consistency (α/ω = 0.92/0.94) and moderate-to-good retest reliability. The CFA demonstrated a good model fit [χ²(85) = 132.599, <i>p</i> < .001, CFI = 0.971, TLI = 0.965, RMSEA = 0.067 (90% CI: 0.044, 0.088), SRMR = 0.057], with good-to-excellent factor loadings (0.66-0.97). All included scales, except the DKAS, show significant correlations, supporting the validity of the RSCSE.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>These results support the use of the RSCSE within the German population to assess the self-efficacy of caregivers of people living with dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 4","pages":"igag016"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13049589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147622860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LGBTQ+ inclusivity of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs' Home Based Primary Care services.","authors":"Joy L Lee, Michelle M Hilgeman, Tetla Menen, Lorraine V Stigar, Nicholas Sweeney, Abby Mulcahy, Jennifer L Carnahan","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Objectives:</b> LGBTQ+ veterans are more likely to require home care services than non-LGBTQ+ veterans. Yet, evaluations of how these services accommodate older LGBTQ+ veterans are scarce. This study assesses the state of LGBTQ+ inclusion in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs' (VA) Home Based Primary Care (HBPC) program. <b>Research Design and Methods:</b> Using a mixed-method approach, we conducted a national survey of VA HBPC staff, focus groups at three sites, and interviews with LGBTQ+ veterans served by HBPC. <b>Results:</b> Of approximately 10,000 HBPC staff invited to participate, 321 completed the survey. Respondents included nurses and physicians (31%), social workers (20%), psychologists (13%), and other staff (36%). Most reported minimal training on LGBTQ+ care, with over half (54%) receiving fewer than three hours in the past five years. Despite this, 89% agreed they were aware of the unique challenges faced by LGBTQ+ veterans. Regarding community resources, 71% endorsed confidence in finding affirming community providers. In both surveys and focus groups, VA HBPC staff noted a strong desire for training in LGBTQ+ care and disagreed over how much control they have in determining affirming care for older LGBTQ+ veterans in the community. In interviews, four LGBTQ+ veterans expressed satisfaction with HBPC services and a need for more social connections. <b>Discussion and Implications:</b> Opportunities to increase training for HBPC staff could improve access to affirming VA and community services, and are desired by most HBPC staff. Tailoring services for older LGBTQ+ veterans is needed to enable exemplary care for all veterans.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 4","pages":"igag012"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13021364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147573873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does type or diversity of activities delay aging-related cognitive decline?","authors":"Dana A Glei, Chioun Lee, Casey K Brown, Maxine Weinstein","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igaf133","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igaf133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Research has shown a correlation between engagement in activities and late-life cognition, but cross-sectional associations are likely to be inflated by reverse causality. This study investigated the prospective effects of activity engagement-frequency of and diversity across activity types-on aging-related cognitive decline.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study, we evaluated whether baseline measures of 4 activity types (cognitive, physical, contact with family/friends, and social group participation) predicted subsequent cognitive decline adjusted for potential confounders. We compared the effects of activity type frequency with the effect of activity diversity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In HRS, activity diversity was associated with slower midlife (ages 55-65) cognitive decline, whereas more frequent cognitive activities yielded the largest reduction in late-life (ages 65-85) cognitive decline. Frequency of social contact was associated with slower midlife cognitive decline, whereas more frequent social group participation had a stronger association in later life. Physical activity did not significantly affect the cognitive decline trajectory. In MIDUS, neither the activity frequency nor diversity was associated with subsequent cognitive decline.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Our results underscore that both type and timing of activity matter: Efforts to promote activity diversity and social contact are likely to be most effective in midlife, whereas cognitive activities and social group participation may be more impactful in late life. Physical activity alone had little effect on mid-to-late-life cognition but may be valuable earlier in life and in the context of activity diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 2","pages":"igaf133"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12888382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146165438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trajectories of social health, cognitive, and daily functioning in community-dwelling older adults.","authors":"Anna Marseglia, Eline Verspoor, Marieke Perry, Myrra Vernooij-Dassen, Jeannie-Marie S Leoutsakos, Henry Brodaty, Jean Stafford, Mohammad Arfan Ikram, Joanna Rymaszewska, Anna-Karin Welmer, Karin Wolf-Ostermann, Frank J Wolters, Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga, René J F Melis","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag010","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Cognitive and functional impairments can both influence and result from deteriorating social health (SH), yet their interplay during aging remains poorly understood. This study investigated the concordance and discordance of trajectories in SH, cognitive, and daily functioning.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>We analyzed 15-year follow-up data (2001-2015) from 2,848 initially dementia-free older adults in the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen. Cognition and daily functioning were assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination and activities of daily living (ADLs)/instrumental ADLs. SH encompassed indices of social participation, connections, and support. Trajectories across these five dimensions were identified using latent growth curve analyses, latent class growth analyses, and growth mixture models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two cognitive trajectories-relatively preserved (91%) and fast decline (9%)-and two daily functioning trajectories-stable (95%) and declining (5%)-were identified. SH trajectories included stable groups, gradually declining social participation (70%), and low initial social connections (29%). Social support showed stable (95%), declining (2%), and increasing (3%) trajectories. Women were more likely to belong to the initially low-stable social connections group, whereas higher education was linked to favorable trajectories across most dimensions but not social support. Concordance was observed among those with the lowest cognitive, daily functioning, and SH profiles. Notably, increasing social support was linked to low cognition but high daily functioning (odds ratios [OR] = 4.2, 95% CI: 2.3, 7.6).</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Findings underscore the central role of SH in aging, particularly how dynamic changes in social participation, connections, and support relate to cognitive and functional outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 5","pages":"igag010"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13147440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which activity tracker features matter to you? Older Black participants living with memory challenges and care partner preferences.","authors":"Rebecca K F Lassell, Christopher J Carey, Lola Sample, Hanley Elftmann, Laura N Gitlin, Jaroslaw Harezlak, Richard J Holden, Amber L Pearson, Evan Jordan, NiCole Keith, Kathleen Unroe","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag011","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>There is a need to understand Black older adults' perceptions and attitudes about commercial activity trackers to measure and monitor outcomes in clinical trials. We sought to identify the preferred activity tracker features of Black older adults living with memory challenges or dementia and their care partners.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilizing a mixed-methods convergent parallel design, 9 participants were recruited from Eskenazi Health in Indianapolis, Indiana. Data were collected through 2 focus groups with participants (<i>n </i>= 3) and care partners (<i>n </i>= 4), and a group interview with 1 participant and 2 care partners. The focus groups were guided by semi-structured interviews, whereas participants interacted with 4 common consumer activity tracking devices (Fitbit Inspire 3, Apple Watch SE, Polar Watch, Oura Ring Heritage). Audio recordings were analyzed using the Rapid Identification of Themes from Audio Recordings method. Participants ranked each device based on <i>comfort</i>, <i>convenience</i>, and <i>features</i> (eg, tracked outcomes of activity, distance/GPS, and respiratory rate). Device rankings were summarized with descriptive statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with memory challenges rated Apple Watch SE highest, with mean scores in comfort (4.3), convenience (3.3), and features (4.3). Care partners rated Fitbit Inspire 3 highest in comfort and Apple Watch SE for convenience and features. Qualitative findings highlighted physical attributes and comfort (large screen size), convenience (viewing progress), and <i>features</i> (having an emergency button and GPS).</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>Findings can guide the selection of activity trackers in future research for this population and may increase wear time and adherence in clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 4","pages":"igag011"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12995432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring dementia caregiving styles to improve person-centered care.","authors":"Amanda N Leggett, Jin-Shei Lai, Sophia Tsuker, Jennifer A Miner, Jonathan Troost, Noelle E Carlozzi","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag006","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Approaches to caregiving interventions are often \"one-size-fits-all,\" yet family caregivers for individuals with dementia have unique caregiving styles with which they enact daily care. This study describes the development of CG-STYLE, the first person-centered assessment of caregiving style.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Development phases of this measure included mixed-methods exploratory research, iterative item development and refinement, cognitive interviews, expert review, literacy and translatability review, and field testing of the items in 209 family/friend caregivers for an individual with dementia. Item response theory and classical test theory analyses were run.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Confirmatory factor analysis affirms the unidimensionality of 7 item banks of the measure: orientation toward the care partner, adaptability, understanding of dementia, emotional expression (positive, negative), and behavioral management (adaptive, maladaptive).</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>A person-centered assessment measure can help tailor services and interventions to best fit unique styles of care, ultimately improving the well-being of the caregiver and the quality of care for the individual with dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 5","pages":"igag006"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13069935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147672824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sources of inequality in \"living well\" with dementia: an intersectional analysis using a British cohort study.","authors":"Linda Clare, Laura D Gamble, Anthony Martyr, Martin Knapp, Fiona E Matthews","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag009","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>A key aim of national dementia policies is to enable people to \"live well\" with the condition, but the experience of living with dementia, including access to health and social care services, is markedly affected by numerous sources of socioeconomic disparity. We explored how combinations of these disparities among groups of people with dementia are associated with the capability to \"live well.\"</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>We used baseline data from 1,537 people with mild-to-moderate dementia in the British IDEAL cohort (2014-2016). This included personal characteristics, living situation, socioeconomic position, and geographical area, and 3 indices of \"living well\"-quality of life, satisfaction with life, and well-being. Through regression-tree analyses, we explored how the intersection of factors beyond type of dementia and co-morbidity is associated with subgroups of people with dementia experiencing higher or lower capability for \"living well.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age, education, living situation, income, and home ownership emerged as the strongest differentiators. Drawing on the concept of precarity, we show how the connections between unequal distribution of resources and personal vulnerabilities lead to an accumulation of pressures and shape outcomes.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>These findings from a cohort of people with dementia in a major Western economy represent the tip of the iceberg relative to the full extent of national and especially global inequalities. Addressing the impact of these social inequalities requires a sustained focus on developing and implementing policies that improve equity of access to care and support and increase the potential for \"living well.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 4","pages":"igag009"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13049594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147622957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal passive smartphone sensing in older adults: a guide for clinical scientists based upon an ongoing cohort study.","authors":"Yufei Shen, Minchao Huang, Ji Hwan Park, Jared F Benge, Justin F Rousseau, Rosemary A Lester-Smith, Edison Thomaz","doi":"10.1093/geroni/igag007","DOIUrl":"10.1093/geroni/igag007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Technology for Smartphone Assessment of Neurocognitive Symptoms (TechSANS) is a digital phenotyping project exploring passive smartphone sensing as a complement to infrequent clinical assessments for long-term cognitive characterization. This manuscript presents a guide for passive sensing applications, including a primer on data modalities and derived measures, initial findings on feasibility and analytic considerations, and preliminary relationships with cognitive performance from an ongoing study of older adults.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>An analytic pipeline cleaned the raw data and extracted 145 digital phenotyping features from 6 months of multimodal passive smartphone sensing data for 21 participants (aged 75.81 ± 4.86 years, 13 cisgender women; 17 cognitively normal, 4 with mild cognitive impairment/dementia), characterizing daily behaviors and smartphone interactions. Generalized linear mixed models assessed associations between these measures and baseline cognitive performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Digital measures were extracted for 141 days per participant on average (74.4% of the data inclusion period), suggesting good study adherence. Statistical analyses identified relationships between cognitive performance, smartphone typing, and gait. Specifically, poorer working, episodic, and semantic memory were associated with slower typing, more frequent typing errors, slower walking, higher walking asymmetry, and lower walking cadence.</p><p><strong>Discussion and implications: </strong>This manuscript introduced clinical scientists to the technical foundations of passive smartphone sensing. The exploratory cross-sectional analysis suggested the feasibility of this approach in older adults for scalable, long-term cognitive characterization. We also provided practical considerations to improve future research and highlighted the need for larger, more diverse cohorts to discover and validate generalizable digital biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":13596,"journal":{"name":"Innovation in Aging","volume":"10 4","pages":"igag007"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12995428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}