Infectious Diseases and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Ensitrelvir in Hospitalized Patients with SARS-CoV-2 During the Omicron Epidemic: A Single-Center Observational Study.","authors":"Masaya Yamato, Masahiro Kinoshita, Yuki Yoshida, Yudai Yamamoto, Rie Izuhara, Takuhiro Sonoyama","doi":"10.1007/s40121-025-01156-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40121-025-01156-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ensitrelvir, a novel oral 3C-like protease inhibitor targeting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has been available in Japan since November 2022. This report presents patient characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients receiving ensitrelvir with comparison to remdesivir during the same period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center chart review was conducted at Rinku General Medical Center, one of four designated medical institutions for specific infectious diseases in Japan. All hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between November 2022 and August 2024 who received either ensitrelvir or remdesivir in accordance with the on-label dosage and administration were included in the review. Information on patient background, severity of COVID-19, mortality after initiation of either treatment, post-treatment virologic outcomes, and clinical outcomes were collected from electronic records. Day 28 mortality, time to discharge, and time to viral clearance were calculated with and without adjustment using the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, 156 patients received ensitrelvir and 337 received remdesivir as initial treatments, with average ages of 76.8 and 75.7 years, respectively. For baseline severity, 24.4% of ensitrelvir recipients and 50.7% of remdesivir recipients had moderate to severe COVID-19. All-cause mortality at day 28 was 1.9% for ensitrelvir and 5.9% for remdesivir and the hazard ratio was 0.32 (95% CI 0.09-1.07). All-cause mortality after IPTW adjustment was 3.8% and 5.7%, respectively, and the hazard ratio was 0.66 (95% CI 0.19-2.29). Time to discharge was shorter with ensitrelvir, and viral clearance was similar between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ensitrelvir demonstrated a low day 28 mortality, even among patients with advanced age, immunosuppressive conditions, and moderate to severe COVID-19. These findings may suggest a potential role for ensitrelvir in the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was registered in UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (study ID UMIN000056047).</p>","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1287-1297"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12151944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tackling CMV in Transplant Recipients: Past, Present, and Future.","authors":"Tal Schlaeffer-Yosef, Lior Nesher","doi":"10.1007/s40121-025-01159-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40121-025-01159-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV), a beta-herpesvirus capable of maintaining lifelong latency, presents a substantial risk to transplant recipients, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality among both hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplantation recipients. Recent advances have shifted management from reactive approaches, such as preemptive therapy, to preventive strategies to reduce active infections and disease burden. Letermovir, a selective CMV terminase inhibitor, has emerged as a critical prophylactic agent in high-risk transplant populations, significantly lowering infection rates and improving survival with fewer adverse effects than older antivirals. Maribavir, a UL97 kinase inhibitor, is another recently approved promising option for treating CMV, especially in patients with ganciclovir-resistant or refractory CMV infections. Despite these achievements, the risk of late-onset CMV infection after prophylaxis discontinuation remains a significant clinical challenge. Current research seeks to refine prophylactic regimens and develop advanced diagnostic tools, notably interferon-gamma release assays that measure CMV-specific T cell responses. These immunologic assays may help clinicians identify individuals capable of controlling CMV replication, thus guiding the safer discontinuation of prophylaxis and reducing unnecessary drug exposure. Conversely, patients lacking robust immune reconstitution could be targeted for extended prophylaxis or closer follow-up. Looking into the future, ongoing innovations in immune monitoring and antiviral development will likely lead to a more personalized approach to CMV prevention and treatment, optimizing care based on patient-specific risk profiles and immune competence. As this field continues to evolve, integrating novel therapies, improved diagnostics, and immunity-driven protocols holds promise for further reducing CMV-related complications and improving overall outcomes for transplant recipients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1183-1200"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12151954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor Regarding \"Risk of Invasive Escherichia coli (E. coli) Disease After Elective Urologic Procedures Among Older Adults in the United States\".","authors":"Ariel Chen","doi":"10.1007/s40121-025-01158-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40121-025-01158-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1375-1377"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12151927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Impact of Age and Comorbidities on COVID-19 Outcomes and Healthcare Costs: A Comparative Analysis of Immunocompromised and General Populations in the United States (EON-US).","authors":"Corey Fang, Casey Dobie, Amita Ketkar, Monica Verduzco-Gutierrez, George Fadda, Claire Bocage, Chia Chen Jenny Teng, Raven Perez, Mark Brunk-Grady, Lisa Glasser, Christine Dube, Nadine Breslin, Vincent Willey","doi":"10.1007/s40121-025-01160-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40121-025-01160-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The COVID-19 public health emergency (PHE) ended in May 2023, but limited information exists on the continued risk of severe COVID-19 among the immunocompromised (IC) population and those with certain chronic medical conditions (CMCs). This study aimed to assess the risk of moderate/severe COVID-19 and compare associated healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and costs for IC vs. general populations, with a focus on increasing age and CMC burden in the IC population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational cohort study analyzed claims from the Healthcare Integrated Research Database (HIRD^®) for individuals with a COVID-19 diagnosis or positive test between March 2023 and February 2024. Patients were followed until the study's end, disenrollment, or death. Propensity scores were calculated using binomial logistic regression to adjust for confounding when comparing the IC and general population groups. The IC cohort was divided into five subgroups based on age (</≥ 65 years) and number of CMCs (1, 2, or 3 +).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IC cohort (N = 8025) was older and had a higher comorbidity burden than the general population (N = 458,163), which was balanced after matching (N = 7410 each). The IC cohort had a significantly higher rate of severe COVID-19 vs. the general population (9.5% vs. 1.1%; p < 0.001), but there was no difference after matching (8.9% vs. 8.7%; p = 0.772). Older age and increasing number of CMCs led to a significantly higher proportion of severe COVID-19. Compared to the general population, the IC cohort had significantly higher inpatient all-cause and COVID-19-related HCRU and costs, except within the matched analysis where COVID-19-related hospitalizations were not significantly different between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Severe COVID-19 continued to disproportionately affect IC individuals after the PHE was lifted. Additionally, our matched results identified a subset of the general population with high baseline comorbidity burden and risk similar to the matched IC cohort for severe COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1343-1367"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12151973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144215724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) as a Secondary Diagnosis among Hospitalized Patients in Germany: Outcomes and Economic Burden.","authors":"Markus Weinert, Jana Diekmannshemke, Kylie Braegelmann, Manuel Batram, Julian Witte, Stefan Scholz, Darshan Mehta, Bernhard Ultsch, Kristina Dobrindt, Jens Gottlieb","doi":"10.1007/s40121-025-01152-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40121-025-01152-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a pathogen that may cause severe respiratory infections. Recent research indicates that RSV may be underdiagnosed, especially in adult populations. This study aims to investigate the burden of RSV in hospitalized adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, matched-control cohort study covering the seasons 2011/2012 to 2021/2022 was performed on the basis of anonymized claims data from 6 million individuals in multiple German statutory health funds. Analyses comprise hospitalized persons aged 18+ years. Patients with RSV were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision, German Modification (ICD-10-GM) codes directly related to RSV (narrow approach) and indirectly related to RSV (ICD-10-GM codes covering lower respiratory tract infections, broad approach). Comparing these cohorts can provide a reasonable estimate of upper and lower bounds. For patients with a secondary inpatient diagnosis of RSV, we evaluated mortality rates, lengths of stay (LOS), costs, special fees, intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates, ventilation rates, and use of high-flow oxygen. Cohorts were matched with controls using an 1:1 exact matching approach using age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI, excluding age), main inpatient diagnosis, and quarter/year of admission.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mortality rates were between 15.5 (standard deviation, SD 1.031) and 19.8 (SD 0.070) times higher for patients with secondary inpatient diagnosis of RSV compared with their controls. Average LOS was 1.77 (SD 0.007) times longer than in controls, and healthcare costs were between 5600 EUR (SD 132.81) and 8400 EUR (SD 2313.54) higher for patients with RSV. No significant differences were found between patients with RSV and controls with respect to rehospitalization rate, invasive ventilation rate, or high-flow oxygen rate; however, patients indirectly related to RSV were admitted more often to intensive care (10.54% versus 3.25%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study provides a deeper understanding of how RSV secondary diagnosis affects hospitalized patients, finding that RSV infection dramatically increases mortality rate, LOS, and inpatient healthcare costs. These findings support a broad RSV-vaccination recommendation for this patient group.</p>","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1299-1312"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12151971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting ICU Admission Risk in Children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus.","authors":"Young Hwa Lee, Young June Choe, Yoon Sun Yoon, Ji Young Park, Yun-Kyung Kim, Hyung Joon Joo, Sujin Choi, Hyun Jung Kim, Lorenzo Bertizzolo","doi":"10.1007/s40121-025-01155-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40121-025-01155-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common infection in young children and a frequent cause of hospitalization. In some cases, RSV can lead to severe lower respiratory tract illness requiring admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Here, we explore risk factors for RSV-related ICU admission in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study using Electronic Medical Record (EMR) data transformed into the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM) from three tertiary care centers in Korea between 2008 and 2022. We identified 1529 children hospitalized with RSV according to the CDM and examined risk factors for ICU admission in this population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 33,674 children aged 0-9 years who tested for RSV, 1529 (4.5%) were positive. The highest proportion of RSV-positive children were less than 10 months old. The ICU admission rate among RSV-positive children was 1.8% (29/1529), and the highest ICU admission rate occurred in children aged 0-5 months (4.4%). In a multivariable logistic regression model, we found that the odds of ICU admission were higher in younger age groups, with the highest odds of ICU admission occurring in children aged 0-5 months (aOR 10.39, 95% CI 2.33-46.29). We also found that gestational age less than 27 weeks was associated with a 71-fold increased odds of ICU admission (aOR 71.64, 95% CI 4.64-1106.50) and that extremely low birth weight was associated with a 31-fold increase in odds of ICU admission (aOR 31.16, 95% CI 2.35-414.00).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We used the OMOP-CDM to identify risk factors for severe RSV infection requiring ICU admission in children. We found that young age, low gestational age, and low birth weight were associated with increased odds of ICU admission. Further research is needed to validate our findings and to examine other potential risk factors for severe RSV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1277-1286"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12151929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Updated 2023/24 COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination in High-Risk Populations in the United States.","authors":"Keya Joshi, Mariia Dronova, Ewelina Paterak, Van H Nguyen, Hagit Kopel, James Mansi, Nicolas Van de Velde, Ekkehard Beck","doi":"10.1007/s40121-025-01128-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40121-025-01128-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In the post-pandemic era, people with underlying medical conditions continue to be at increased risk for severe COVID-19 disease, yet COVID-19 vaccination uptake remains low. This study estimated the clinical and economic impact of updated 2023/24 Moderna COVID-19 vaccination among high-risk adults versus no 2023/24 vaccination and versus updated Pfizer/BioNTech vaccination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A static Markov model was adapted for high-risk adults, including immunocompromised (IC), chronic lung disease (CLD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and diabetes mellitus (DM) populations in the United States (US).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vaccination with the updated Moderna vaccine at current coverage rates was estimated to prevent considerable COVID-19 hospitalizations in CLD (101,309), DM (97,358), CVD (47,830), IC (14,834), and CKD (13,558) populations versus no 2023/24 vaccination. Vaccination also provided net medical cost-savings of US$399 million (M)-2129M (healthcare payer) and $457M-2531M (societal perspective), depending on population. The return-on-investment was positive across all conditions ($1.10-$2.60 gain for every $1 invested). Healthcare savings increased with a relative 10% increase in current vaccination coverage ($439M-$2342M), and from meeting US 2030 targets of 70% coverage ($1096M-$5707M). Based on higher vaccine effectiveness observed in real-world evidence studies, updated Moderna vaccination was estimated to prevent additional COVID-19 hospitalizations in DM (13,105), CLD (10,359), CVD (6241), IC (1979), and CKD (942) versus Pfizer/BioNTech's updated vaccine, with healthcare payer and societal cost-savings, making it the dominant strategy. Healthcare savings per patient vaccinated with Moderna versus Pfizer/BioNTech's updated vaccine were $31.00-$59.00, depending on population. Results were robust across sensitivity/scenario analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Updated 2023/24 Moderna COVID-19 vaccination was estimated to provide significant health benefits through prevention of COVID-19 in high-risk populations, and cost-savings to healthcare payers and society, versus no 2023/24 vaccination and updated Pfizer/BioNTech vaccination. Increasing current low COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates was estimated to be cost-saving while preventing many more severe infections and hospitalizations in these high-risk populations. A graphical abstract is available with this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1219-1238"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12151940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide (B/F/TAF) After A Viremic Event: A Pooled Analysis of Studies in People with HIV.","authors":"Anton Pozniak, Chloe Orkin, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Axel Baumgarten, Karam Mounzer, Michelle L D'Antoni, Hailin Huang, Hui Liu, Kristen Andreatta, Laurie A VanderVeen, Christian Callebaut, Jason T Hindman, José R Arribas","doi":"10.1007/s40121-025-01153-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40121-025-01153-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Transient viremia can occur in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), often referred to as people with HIV (PWH), and is sometimes related to poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Guidelines recommend achieving virologic resuppression with existing ART regimens while addressing the reasons for the lack of virologic control. However, there are limited clinical trial data on the effectiveness of the strategy of continuing the same ART regimen in treatment-experienced PWH following a period of viremia. This was a post hoc pooled analysis of eight clinical studies in PWH receiving bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Viremic events occurring in participants receiving B/F/TAF were defined as ≥ 1 viral load (VL) measurement of ≥ 50 copies/mL after virologic suppression (VL < 50 copies/mL). Outcomes after viremic events were categorized as: virologic resuppression (≥ 1 subsequent VL < 50 copies/mL); continued viremia (all subsequent VLs ≥ 50 copies/mL); or not evaluable (no subsequent VL assessment). Adherence was calculated by pill count from returned pill bottles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included 2801 participants. A total of 411 viremic events were experienced by 290 participants, 50% of whom were treatment naïve at B/F/TAF initiation, and the other 50% were virologically suppressed. A total of 91 participants experienced ≥ 1 viremic event of ≥ 1000 copies/mL. The proportion of viremic events followed by resuppression on B/F/TAF was 90.3%, rising to 96.6% when nonevaluable data were excluded. The median (quartile [Q]1, Q3) time from a viremic event to documented resuppression was 22 (18, 36) days. Among 13 participants with continued viremia, 11 (84.6%) prematurely discontinued B/F/TAF. No treatment-emergent resistance was observed in participants with continued viremia. A significantly higher proportion of participants with a viremic event had < 85% adherence compared with those without (10.0% and 4.2%, respectively; p = 0.0003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most participants receiving B/F/TAF experienced no viremic events. The vast majority of viremic events resolved with B/F/TAF continuation, without the need for treatment change.</p>","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1201-1217"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12151942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Disparities Among Award and Grant Recipients in Annual Infectious Disease Society Meetings.","authors":"Digbijay Kunwar, Ili Margalit, Elda Righi, Asma Nasim, Dafna Yahav, Noam Tau","doi":"10.1007/s40121-025-01144-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40121-025-01144-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gender inequity in medical academic forums persists despite attempts to ensure better gender equality. In this study, we aimed to assess the proportion of female award and grant winners in both the ESCMID global and IDWeek conferences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Female award and grant winners in infectious diseases conferences (2009-2023) were evaluated. Data were collected from the conferences' program book and websites. Gender for each award or grant recipient was assessed using Genderize.io or, if inconclusive, manually. We summarized proportions of women award/grant winners by society and over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2009 and 2023, 39% (34/88) of ESCMID award winners and 57% (858/1504) of grant winners were women; For IDWeek, 32% (39/122) of award winners and 68% (17/25) of grant winners were women. For both societies there was a clear increase in women's representation from 2009 to 2014, with stabilization thereafter.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Representation of women in conferences has vastly improved over the years, though additional policies and programs are needed to reduce the remaining gender disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1369-1373"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12151930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Literature Review of the Epidemiology of Complicated Urinary Tract Infection.","authors":"Edward Broughton, Meryem Bektas, Ann Colosia, Kristi Kuper, Maria M Fernandez, Amer Al-Taie, Ramy Kotb","doi":"10.1007/s40121-025-01149-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40121-025-01149-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common bacterial infections and present with heterogeneous clinical phenotypes. Whereas many uncomplicated UTIs resolve spontaneously or with antibiotic treatment, a complicated UTI (cUTI) presents with greater morbidity and a higher risk of treatment failures. The goal of this study was to estimate the real-world epidemiology of cUTI, including acute pyelonephritis (AP) and catheter-associated UTIs (CAUTIs), and its associated mortality internationally.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and EconLit databases for relevant articles published between July 2013 and July 2023 covering Europe and the following countries: France, Italy, Germany, Spain, the UK, China, Japan, and the US (US). Search terms relating to cUTI, AP, CAUTI, outcomes of interest (epidemiology), and real-world research designs were used. There were no language limitations (protocol registry: PROSPERO-CRD42023454794).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Database searches yielded 1014 unique records, of which 91 met the prespecified inclusion criteria; bibliography and conference abstract searches yielded 27 additional records for a total of 118 records for inclusion. Disease presentation and reported outcomes varied widely across studies, and most studies reporting incidence and prevalence of cUTI were from the US (21 of 29). No studies reporting incidence or prevalence rates of cUTI in China, Germany, or the UK were identified. Overall, high antibiotic resistance rates were reported in both inpatient and outpatient settings. The inpatient cohort mortality rates were highly variable (0-50%) depending on the patient population.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While disease presentation and reported outcomes varied widely across studies, cUTIs represent a considerable burden in terms of incidence, prevalence, drug resistance, and mortality, yet vast knowledge gaps remain in the literature. There is a crucial need to address these gaps to effectively evaluate new treatments and improve future analyses of cUTI burden and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1157-1181"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12151984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}