Infectious Diseases and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Extracorporeal Elimination of Pro- and Anti-inflammatory Modulators by the Cytokine Adsorber CytoSorb^® in Patients with Hyperinflammation: A Prospective Study.","authors":"Helen Graf, Caroline Gräfe, Mathias Bruegel, Felix L Happich, Vassilissa Wustrow, Aljoscha Wegener, Wolfgang Wilfert, Michael Zoller, Uwe Liebchen, Michael Paal, Christina Scharf","doi":"10.1007/s40121-024-01028-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40121-024-01028-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in critically ill patients with sepsis leads to endothelial dysfunction resulting in cardiocirculatory insufficiency. Their extracorporeal elimination using the cytokine adsorber CytoSorb<sup>®</sup> (CS) (adsorption of especially hydrophobic molecules < 60 kDa) might be promising, but data about the adsorption capacity as well as a potential harmful adsorption of anti-inflammatory cytokines are missing so far.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The prospective Cyto-SOLVE-study included 15 patients with sepsis or other hyperinflammatory conditions (interleukin 6 > 500 pg/ml), continuous kidney replacement therapy, and the application of CS. Various cytokines and chemokines were measured pre- and post-CS as well as in patients' blood at predefined timepoints. Significant changes in the concentrations were detected with the Wilcoxon test with associated samples. Clearance of the adsorber (ml/min) was calculated with: <math><mrow><mi>b</mi> <mi>l</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>d</mi> <mspace></mspace> <mi>f</mi> <mi>l</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>w</mi> <mrow></mrow> <mo>∗</mo> <mfrac><mrow><mi>c</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mspace></mspace> <mfenced><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>s</mi> <mi>t</mi></mrow> </mfenced> </mrow> <mrow><mi>c</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>c</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mi>r</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mspace></mspace> <mfenced><mrow><mi>pre</mi></mrow> </mfenced> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>.</mo></mrow> </math> RESULTS: Most of the inflammatory mediators showed a high initial extracorporeal clearance of 70-100 ml/min after CS installation, which dropped quickly to 10-30 ml/min after 6 h of treatment. No difference in clearance was observed between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Despite extracorporeal adsorption, a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the blood concentration after 6 h was only observed for the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factorα (TNF-α) (median 284 vs. 230 pg/ml), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (median 294 vs. 252 pg/ml), macrophage inflammatory protein 1a (MIP-1a) (median 11.1 vs. 9.0 pg/ml), and regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) (median 811 vs. 487 pg/ml) as well as the anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 4 (median 9.3 vs. 6.4 pg/ml), interleukin 10 (median 88 vs. 56 pg/ml), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) (median 177 vs. 104 pg/ml). A significant (p < 0.05) decrease in patients' blood after 12 h was only detected for interleukin 10.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CS can adsorb pro- as well as anti-inflammatory mediators with no relevant difference regarding the adsorption rate. A fast saturation of the adsorber resulted in a rapid decrease of the clearance. The poten","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11343926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141995667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying Stated Preferences for Meningococcal Vaccines Among Adolescents/Young Adults and Parents of Adolescents in the United States: A Discrete Choice Experiment.","authors":"Shahina Begum, Eliazar Sabater Cabrera, Oscar Herrera Restrepo, Cindy Burman, Woo-Yun Sohn, Elise Kuylen, Hiral Shah, Zeki Kocaata","doi":"10.1007/s40121-024-01017-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40121-024-01017-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a severe and life-threatening disease. In the United States (US), vaccine coverage with MenACWY and MenB meningococcal vaccines is suboptimal among adolescents/young adults aged 16-23 years. A combined meningococcal vaccine (MenABCWY) could increase convenience (e.g., fewer injections) and improve coverage. The objective was to quantify preferences for hypothetical meningococcal vaccine profiles among adolescents/young adults and parents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online discrete choice experiment was conducted among 16- to 23-year-olds, and parents of 16- to 18-year-olds. Attributes (3 × 4) and levels (1 × 2) were based on the literature and focus groups. Participants made ten pair-wise forced trade-off choices, systematically varied using a D-optimal design. Random parameter logit quantified the relative importance of vaccination attributes and estimated the trade-offs. Differences in preferences by subgroups were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Totals of 300 adolescents and young adults (median age 20 years) and 300 parents (median age 46 years) completed the survey. Overall, 89.6% of 16- to 23-year-olds and 69.1% of parents preferred a simplified hypothetical meningococcal vaccination profile, e.g., with fewer injections (3 vs. 4) and fewer healthcare provider (HCP) visits (2-3 vs. 4). Having HCP advice and clear Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations impacted vaccination choice, with both groups reporting high trust in HCP information (83.3% among 16- to 23-year-olds; 98.7% among parents). Barriers to vaccination included lack of HCP advice or awareness of meningococcal vaccines, and income level and out-of-pocket costs for parents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescents/young adults and parents demonstrated a significant preference for a meningococcal vaccine that is more convenient (such as combined MenABCWY). Parents' vaccination preferences differed by income level and out-of-pocket costs, suggesting financial barriers to vaccination may exist which could result in IMD prevention inequalities. Findings from this study provide important information to support patient-facing informed policy discussions. A simplified vaccination schedule and strong recommendation could help improve vaccine uptake, schedule compliance, disease prevention, and reduce inequalities in IMD risk and prevention. A graphical abstract is available with this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11343927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141751609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bayesian Model Based on Local Phenotypic Resistance Data to Inform Empiric Antibiotic Escalation Decisions.","authors":"Ranjeet Bamber, Brian Sullivan, Léo Gorman, Winnie W Y Lee, Matthew B Avison, Andrew W Dowsey, Philip B Williams","doi":"10.1007/s40121-024-01011-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40121-024-01011-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Clinicians commonly escalate empiric antibiotic therapy due to poor clinical progress without microbiology guidance. When escalating, they should take account of how resistance to an initial antibiotic affects the probability of resistance to subsequent options. The term \"escalation antibiogram\" (EA) has been coined to describe this concept. One difficulty when applying the EA concept to clinical practice is understanding the uncertainty in results and how this changes for specific patient subgroups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Bayesian model was developed to estimate antibiotic resistance rates in Gram-negative bloodstream infections based on phenotypic resistance data. The model generates a series of \"credible\" curves to fit the resistance data, each with the same probability of representing the true rate given the inherent uncertainty. To avoid overfitting, an integrated penalisation term adaptively smooths the curves given the level of evidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Rates of resistance to empiric first-choice and potential escalation antibiotics were calculated for the whole hospitalised population based on 10,486 individual bloodstream infections, and for a range of specific patient groups, including ICU (intensive care unit), haematolo-oncology, and paediatric patients. The model generated an expected value (posterior mean) with 95% credible interval to illustrate uncertainty, based on the size of the patient subgroup. For example, the posterior means of piperacillin/tazobactam resistance rates in Gram-negative bloodstream infection are different between patients on ICU and the general hospital population: 27.3% (95% CI 18.1-37.2 vs. 13.4% 95% CI 11.0-16.1) respectively. The model can also estimate the probability of inferiority between two antibiotics for a specific patient population. Differences in optimal escalation antibiotic options between specific patient groups were noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EA analysis informed by our Bayesian model is a useful tool to support empiric antibiotic switches, providing an estimate of local resistance rates, and a comparison of antibiotic options with a measure of the uncertainty in the data. We demonstrate that EAs calculated for the whole hospital population cannot be assumed to apply to specific patient group.</p>","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11343932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-Effectiveness of Baloxavir Marboxil Versus Oseltamivir or no Treatment for the Management of Influenza in the United States.","authors":"Svenn Alexander Kommandantvold, Shih-Chen Chang, Andy Surinach, Vincent Yau, Jennie H Best, Hassan Zaraket, Hao Zhou, Jeff Frimpter, Marie-Helene Blanchet Zumofen","doi":"10.1007/s40121-024-01027-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40121-024-01027-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study sought to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of baloxavir marboxil compared with oseltamivir or no antiviral treatment from a US payer perspective using data from a real-world US administrative claims study. Given baloxavir's ability to rapidly stop viral shedding, the potential health economic implications of a baloxavir-induced population-level reduction in viral transmission was also explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A decision tree cost-effectiveness model was developed for seasonal influenza (2018-2020) using a lifetime time horizon with 3.0% discounting for costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Patients aged ≥ 12 years could receive baloxavir, oseltamivir or no antiviral treatment. Patient characteristics, complications, and costs were derived from the Merative™ MarketScan^® Research Databases including US commercial claims and Medicare and Medicaid Supplemental databases. A scenario analysis explored the impact of reduced viral transmission with baloxavir.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the base case analysis, baloxavir was cost-effective within a willingness-to-pay threshold of US$100,000/QALY compared with oseltamivir [incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), $6813/QALY gained] or no antiviral treatment (ICER, $669/QALY gained). The net monetary benefit (NMB) of baloxavir was $1180 and $6208 compared with oseltamivir and no treatment, respectively. The NMB of baloxavir increased linearly with reductions in viral transmission, where a 5% transmission reduction yielded an NMB of $2592 versus oseltamivir and $7621 versus no treatment. Baloxavir became dominant (more effective and less costly, with ICERs < 0) starting with a 12.0% reduction in viral transmission versus oseltamivir and 6.0% versus no antiviral treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Baloxavir was cost-effective compared with oseltamivir or no antiviral treatment. The potential of baloxavir to reduce viral transmission offers a substantial economic benefit from a US payer perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11343959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Nebulized GB05-Human IFNα1b Inhalation Solution: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation Phase I Study in Healthy Chinese Adult Volunteers.","authors":"Hengxin Peng, Wenjun Zhang, Yanqing Lin, Huiming Li, Suofu Qin","doi":"10.1007/s40121-024-01024-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40121-024-01024-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection, especially in children and older people. However, no effective treatment is currently available. Type I interferons (IFNs) are a group of cytokines that help regulate the activity of the immune system. GB05, human IFNα1b inhalation solution, was developed under US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) standard guidelines to combat RSV infection. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation phase I trial evaluated the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of nebulized GB05.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 35 eligible healthy Chinese adult volunteers were enrolled in this study. In the single ascending dose (SAD) study, volunteers were randomized into 0.2, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8 million IU of GB05 or placebo. In the multiple ascending dose (MAD) study, volunteers received 1.2 or 1.8 million IU of GB05 or placebo for four consecutive days. Safety, tolerability, immunogenicity, and plasma pharmacokinetics were assessed for all groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All adverse events were mild or moderate and resolved spontaneously. The most common adverse event was decreased white blood cell count (8.6% in SAD and 10% in MAD). No serious adverse events, deaths, or adverse events that reached the termination criteria occurred during the study. In SAD, the maximum concentration and area under the curve increased across the dose range of 1.2-1.8 million IU in a non-linear relationship. The maximum plasma concentration after GB05 nebulization (1.06 IU/ml in the 1.8 million IU group) reflected a low concentration in the blood, suggesting a better lung uptake of GB05 and reduced incidence or risks of adverse events. In MAD, a steady state was reached after continuous administrations of twice daily for 3 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, nebulized GB05 exhibited satisfactory safety, tolerability, and favorable pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles in healthy adult volunteers, supporting further clinical investigation in patients infected with respiratory syncytial virus.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT06277167.</p>","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11343942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Integrated Safety and Efficacy Analyses of Phase 3 Trials of a Microbiome Therapeutic for Recurrent CDI.","authors":"Colleen S Kraft, Matthew Sims, Michael Silverman, Thomas J Louie, Paul Feuerstadt, Edward S Huang, Sahil Khanna, Charles S Berenson, Elaine E L Wang, Stuart H Cohen, Louis Korman, Christine Lee, Colleen R Kelly, Alberto Odio, Paul P Cook, Bret Lashner, Mayur Ramesh, Princy Kumar, Ananya De, Asli Memisoglu, David A Lombardi, Brooke R Hasson, Barbara H McGovern, Lisa von Moltke, Darrell S Pardi","doi":"10.1007/s40121-024-01036-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-024-01036-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142106995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Sequelae of Invasive Meningococcal Disease in the United States","authors":"Gary S. Marshall, Zachary L. McCormick, Jeffery S. Johns, Monica Verduzco-Gutierrez, Oscar Herrera-Restrepo, Lee H. Harrison","doi":"10.1007/s40121-024-01026-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-024-01026-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is an uncommon but serious and potentially fatal condition that can result in reduced life expectancy and a broad spectrum of sequelae, many of which may be lifelong and devastating for those who survive the acute disease period. In the United States of America (USA), vaccination is available against the five meningococcal serogroups (A, B, C, W, and Y), but meningococcal vaccination rates among healthy USA adolescents and individuals at high risk because of medical conditions are low, rendering them vulnerable to IMD and its sequelae. Despite the severity of the disease, the clinical impact and rates of IMD sequelae in the USA are poorly understood, as USA-specific data are limited, and the methodology of existing research is heterogenous. This commentary presents clinical experts’ perspectives on IMD sequelae based on the available published evidence and direct clinical experience. Among sequelae previously identified in a global systematic literature review, 16 conditions were considered as related to IMD by the present authors. These sequelae include short- and long-term physical, neurological, and emotional consequences that impose a substantial humanistic burden on survivors and their caregivers and result in considerable healthcare and societal costs. This commentary highlights existing knowledge gaps concerning IMD sequelae, including the unclear relationship between IMD and mental health disorders, the contribution of sequelae to the disease burden, prevalence of late-onset sequelae among survivors, and timing of the development of sequelae in different age groups. Addressing these knowledge gaps can inform decisions regarding clinical management in the post-acute period and help quantify the impact of prevention through meningococcal vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Ceftazidime‑Avibactam in the Treatment of Patients with Bacteremia or Nosocomial Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta‑analysis.","authors":"Ryan K Shields, Juan P Horcajada, Shweta Kamat, Paurus M Irani, Margaret Tawadrous, Tobias Welte","doi":"10.1007/s40121-024-01033-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-024-01033-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Comparative Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccines Among Older Adults: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis Using the GRADE Framework.","authors":"Sushma Kavikondala, Katrin Haeussler, Xuan Wang, Mary T Bausch-Jurken, Maria Nassim, Nitendra Kumar Mishra, Mia Malmenäs, Pawana Sharma, Nicolas Van de Velde, Nathan Green, Ekkehard Beck","doi":"10.1007/s40121-024-01029-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-024-01029-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142046595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Letter to the Editor Regarding 'Comparative Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccines Among Older Adults: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis Using the GRADE Framework'.","authors":"Hannah R Volkman, Jennifer L Nguyen, Luis Jodar, John M McLaughlin","doi":"10.1007/s40121-024-01019-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-024-01019-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13592,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142046593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}