Industrial Crops and Products最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing plant density and canopy structure to improve light use efficiency and cotton productivity: Two years of field evidence from two locations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optimizing the efficiency and effectiveness of light utilization is crucial for increasing cotton (<em>Gossypium hirsutum L.</em>) yields. However, how to increase light use efficiency and yield by improving canopy structure has not been fully verified and quantified through field trials, especially at different test sites. To explore this issue in greater depth, split-plot field experiments were conducted from 2019 to 2021 in Dongping and Jinxiang counties, Shandong, China. The effects of different planting densities and cotton varieties on the leaf area index (LAI), PAR interception rate (In), photosynthetically active radiation-use efficiency (PARUE), plant nutrient uptake, and seed cotton yield in a cropping system in which cotton was planted directly after garlic (<em>Allium sativum L.</em>) harvest were studied. The results revealed that increasing the planting density from the lowest value of 6.8×10⁴ plant·ha⁻¹ to 11.3×10⁴ plant·ha⁻¹ resulted in increases of 4.4–14.7 % in the cotton LAI, 2.5–12.4 % in the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), 5.0–6.8 % in the PAR interception rate, 16.0–53.2 % in the PARUE, and 5.2–13.4 % in the seed cotton yield. Notably, compared with those of Demian 15, the Lumian 532 variety presented greater LAI, Pn, PAR interception rate, PARUE, nutrient uptake, and seed cotton yield at D11.25 in the 2020 experiment in Jinxiang County. Specifically, on D11.25, Lumian 532 had the highest seed cotton yield, reaching 3939.0 kg·ha^-¹. The LAI had a direct positive effect on nutrient uptake in cotton, with a value of 0.8. In addition, according to the Mantel test (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), the primary driving factor influencing seed cotton yield was the Pn. This factor was significantly and positively correlated with the PAR interception rate and seed cotton yield (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). Additionally, the PARUE was most significantly influenced by planting density (R=0.82, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), with an increase of 2.0×10⁻⁴ g·MJ^-¹ for each additional planting density. In conclusion, increasing the planting density of direct seeded short-season cotton plants after garlic harvesting can increase cotton light interception and utilization efficiency and improve plant nutrient uptake. This increase can result in increased seed cotton yield. Ultimately, the Lumian 532 variety performed optimally at D11.25. These results are essential for improving and managing cropping systems involving the planting of cotton in the Yellow River Basin of China and similar regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution characteristics and mechanism of products from large-particle biomass pyrolysis in molten salt media","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molten salt pyrolysis of biomass is a promising approach for producing clean and renewable energy by combining solar-driven molten salt heat storage with thermochemical conversion of biomass. Pyrolysis of large-particle biomass offers many advantages in practical applications. However, during pyrolysis, heat and mass transfer behavior inside the particles cannot be ignored. This study investigated the product composition and product distribution characteristics during the pyrolysis process of large-particle biomass in molten salt. The influence of molten salt on the physical and chemical structure of biochar from the core to the outer layer was analyzed layer-by-layer by micro computed tomography and temperature programmed oxidation techniques. The evolution mechanism of products during the molten salt pyrolysis of large-particle biomass was also analyzed. The results indicate that the excellent heat transfer efficiency of molten salt promoted the pyrolysis of large biomass particles and increased the aromatic condensation degree of biochar. Compared with traditional pyrolysis, molten salt pyrolysis afforded higher yields of biochar and pyrolysis gas, as well as lower yields of bio-oil. In particular, the catalytic reforming effect of molten salt on volatile matter further reduced the yield of bio-oil and increased the yield of combustible gases such as H₂ and CO. Moreover, the etching effect of the molten salt on the biochar resulted in a more porous structure, and led to a 24 % increase in the total pore count across various regions of the biomass particles during molten salt-assisted pyrolysis. There was a 70 % reduction in pores with a volume exceeding 10 mm³, and a 46 % increase in pores with a volume of less than 2.2 mm³. This study can promote the development of pyrolysis technology and help to promote biomass energy utilization technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metaproteomics identifies key cell wall degrading enzymes and proteins potentially related to inter-field variability in fiber quality during flax dew retting","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, metaproteomics and biochemical analyses were used to identify for the first time specific proteins and associated micro-organisms responsible for cell wall degrading enzyme activity during dew retting of flax in two adjacent fields in northern France. This approach identified 6032 non-redundant proteins present at 4 key retting stages (R0/day 1, R2/day 6, R4/day 13, and R7/day 25), of which 75 contained CAZy (Carbohydrate Active Enzyme) motifs belonging to 31 different families from all 5 CAZy classes. 19 families were putatively related to the degradation of different plant cell wall polymers including lignin (AA1), pectins (CE13, CE8, PL1, PL3, GH28, GH35), hemicellulose (GH2, GH10, GH26, GH35, GH55, GH3, GH5, GH17) and cellulose (GH5, GH7, GH3, GH94, AA3). Taxonomy of identified proteins indicated that 85 % come from bacteria, 13 % from fungi, and 2 % from plants; however, ∼60 % of CAZymes involved in the degradation of plant wall polymers are of fungal origin. Although 88 % of total proteins and almost 65 % of cell wall degrading CAZymes were similar between the two investigated fields, certain differences in the abundance and dynamics of certain CAZymes might be related to observed inter-field variability in cell wall degrading enzyme activities, stem/fiber yield and industrial qualities of fibers harvested from the two fields. Overall, these results highlight the interest of using metaproteomics for improving our biological understanding of how retting impacts fiber quality. In addition, the identification of several new bacterial and fungal species in this study demonstrates that such an approach is also extremely powerful for generating novel taxonomic data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning prediction of mechanical properties of bamboo by hemicelluloses removal","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of bamboo as a sustainable material is becoming increasingly prevalent; however, the optimisation of its mechanical properties remains a significant challenge. In this study, different concentrations of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were used to remove the hemicellulose of bamboo and the effect of mechanical properties such as modulus of elasticity, flexural strength and elastic limit were evaluated. A total of 90 samples of data were collected and five machine learning algorithms including Principal Component Regression (PCR), Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR), Ridge Regression (RR), Lasso Regression (LR) and Elastic Network Regression (ENR) were employed to build predictive models based on these properties. The models were trained and tested using 5-fold cross validation. The results showed that the mechanical properties of elastic modulus and elastic limit of bamboo medium were enhanced to 9.63 GPa and 66.44 MPa treated by 10 % NaOH, while the flexural strength of bamboo medium was up to 147.29 GPa with 5 % NaOH. The Ridge Regression algorithm was the best compared to other four algorithms. This methodological approach is not only offers an efficient way to optimize the mechanical properties of bamboo, but also enhances sustainable practices in the environmental sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water resistant lignosulphonate-phenol-formaldehyde resin for mineral wool","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mineral wool is a common insulation material, where phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins are frequently used as binders. Still, the high cost and toxicity of these resins have made phenol alternatives, such as technical lignins, increasingly more attractive. However, they were commonly applied merely as extenders, to reduce the resin’s costs and decrease emissions of toxic chemicals. In the current study, a softwood sodium lignosulphonate sample was used as a direct phenol alternative, considering 20, 30, and 40 %(w/w) substitution rate. A commercial resin formulation, specific for mineral wool, was used as a reference. Successive improvements in the synthesis procedure were performed to improve the performance of the lignosulphonate-phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resins and enable a significant degree of phenol substitution. The binding performance of the resins was assessed on glass fibre samples, by dry and wet tensile strength testing. For the best-performing formulation, 20 %(w/w) of phenol was substituted by methylolated LS. The methylolation significantly improved the resin’s water resistance. Formaldehyde content was reduced to account for LS’ low reactivity and condensation time was decreased by 70 %, maximizing the resin’s water tolerance. The LPF resin yielded dry and wet performances equivalent to those of the original commercial resin, as well as high water tolerance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green hybrid composites partially reinforced with flax woven fabric and coconut shell waste-based micro-fillers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research is focused on hybrid green composites using flax woven fabric in which the matrix phase was further reinforced with coconut shell waste-based cellulosic microparticles as fillers. Mesoscale mechanical models were successfully developed to simulate the tensile properties of such hybrid composites based on hybridization of fibers and biobased materials using epoxy resin. S-glass fabrics with plain, twill and biaxial constructions, were used as the outer layers, while plain-woven flax fabric was used as the middle layer. A high level of agreement was observed between the experimental and predicted values. The static tensile tests were followed by cyclic tensile tests, microscopic analysis of fracture surfaces and dynamic mechanical analysis. The influence of the hybrid fabric geometry and combination with biowaste-based micro cellulosic material was observed to significantly influence the tensile properties determined by both experimental and numerical analysis. Dynamic mechanical analysis also validated the quasistatic measurements. A higher storage modulus and loss modulus were registered for the hybrid composites impregnated with a 1 % bio filler-based matrix. The damping factor (tan delta) was lower for the hybrid composites than for the nonhybrid samples and the control samples from the pure matrix. This difference is attributed to the stronger interface between the fibers and the particle-based matrix, which restricts the molecular mobility and increases the stiffness of the composites. Fractographic images were obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study the failure modes and mechanisms of the composite samples. The microparticles were uniformly dispersed in the epoxy resin and thus enabled microcracking rather than macrocracks. The failure mainly occurred due to fiber failure, matrix cracking and delamination. Such hybrid composites are useful for exterior and interior components in automotive applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano- and microformulated botanicals for managing ticks and mites of medical and veterinary importance: Past, present, and future","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing effective and sustainable green solutions for managing arthropod pests and vectors is a timely challenge. The present review is dedicated to mites and ticks (Acari), species which represent a burden for human and animal health. The focus is on hard ticks (Ixodidae), primarily belonging to the genera <em>Haemaphysalis</em> spp., <em>Hyalomma</em> spp., and <em>Rhipicephalus</em> spp., house dust mites <em>Dermatophagoides</em> spp., stored-product mites <em>Tyrophagus putrescentiae</em> and <em>Acarus siro</em>, various strains of the itch mite <em>Sarcoptes scabiei</em>, the poultry red mite <em>Dermanyssus gallinae</em>, and the main ectoparasitic mite of honeybees <em>Varroa destructor</em>. We overviewed all the nano- and microemulsions and capsules loaded with essential oils, plant extracts, and/or singular compounds applied as toxicant or repellent treatments to manage such pests. Additionally, we explored current knowledge about the effectiveness of metal nanoparticles obtained through green synthesis routes by exploiting phytochemicals in botanical extracts. For all the products, we reported their mean particle size, tested formulation, efficacy, and when available, mode of action, comparison with synthetic acaricides, and non-target effects. Future challenges involve the need to improve the synthesis technologies and storage conditions of the different formulations; scaling up the production is necessary too to achieve lower prices and wider distribution. Notably, research on <em>S. scabiei</em> and <em>V. destructor</em> is required, as these species are extremely overlooked when compared to hard ticks and other mites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting Xylella fastidiosa: Sustainable management of Philaenus spumarius using carlina oxide","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Xylella fastidiosa</em> Wells, a bacterial plant pathogen, represents a threat to many crops all around the word. Unfortunately, no effective treatments are available to reduce the infection and, to date, the most promising strategy relies on controlling the meadow spittlebug <em>Philaenus spumarius</em> L. one of the main vectors of <em>X. fastidiosa</em>. Among insecticides and repellents, botanical insecticides represent valuable candidates. Their encapsulation into stable formulations, like nanoemulsions (NEs), can boosts the efficacy and stability. We investigated the toxicity, repellent, and antifeedant activity of carlina oxide, a polyacetylene isolated from the roots of <em>Carlina acaulis</em> L. (Asteraceae), and its NEs, against <em>P. spumarius</em> adults. In addition, we carried out electroantennographic (EAG) tests to evaluate the capability of the male and female antennae to perceive carlina oxide. EAG assays demonstrated that <em>P. spumarius</em> antennal olfactory system of both sexes is capable of perceiving carlina oxide over a wide range of doses and that females, at the lowest doses, have significantly greater olfactory sensitivity than males (0.01 and 0.1 µg, respectively (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001)). In toxicity experiments, the percentage of adult survival in topical and fumigant trials was high, while it resulted significantly lower in ingestion trials. In olfactory tests, <em>P. spumarius</em> showed a slight preference for green beans treated with 1 % carlina oxide. However, no significant differences were observed between treatments when the concentration of carlina oxide was increased to 3 %. On the contrary, feeding tests showed a significant repellent effect of carlina oxide against <em>P. spumarius</em> adults up to 24 h after the treatment and a reduction in <em>P. spumarius</em> presence on treated green beans ranging from 51.2 % to 94.7 %, if compared with control green beans. Overall, this study sheds light on the possible development of effective and environmentally friendly formulations of carlina oxide to manage <em>P. spumarius</em>. Further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of this natural compound in field conditions, and to investigate its potential side effects on non-target species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced biopolymer composites through micro-integrated lignin and anhydride modified nonwoven bast fiber","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing need for sustainable materials in various industries has driven research towards eco-friendly biopolymer composites. In this study, lignin microfillers were integrated into PHBV/modified bast fiber matrices, offering a promising solution for sustainable material innovation with improved performance and functionality. Nonwoven bast fiber mats were initially treated with propionic, succinic, and maleic anhydrides, evaluated through weight gain analysis, chemical characterization, thermal stability, and wettability assessments. These modified bast fibers were then reinforced with poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) biopolymer at 30 % loading using specialized molding techniques. The resulting biocomposites were subjected to comprehensive characterization, including moisture related properties, mechanical strength, thermal behavior, and fracturographical properties. In a final stage, lignin microparticles (LMPs) as biofillers were integrated at 1 %, 3 %, 5 %, and 7 % concentrations to enhance biocomposite properties. Experimental findings highlighted succinylated bast fibers as offering the greatest improvements in mechanical strength, thermal stability, and morphological integrity among the modified fibers. At an optimal 5 % lignin microfiller content, the biocomposites exhibited superior wettability and improved stiffness. However, excessive lignin loading led to particle agglomeration, diminishing overall performance. Fracturographical analysis provided insights into the fracture behavior of the biocomposites, highlighting the cohesive and interfacial characteristics of the materials under stress conditions. This research highlights the efficacy of sequential modification strategies in developing high-performance sustainable materials tailored for diverse industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A flexible phase change composite encapsulated in cellulose nanofiber/ polyacrylamide layered porous structure for thermal energy storage and management","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.119920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phase change materials (PCMs) exhibit significant application potential as thermal management materials across various sectors, especially composite PCMs with mechanical flexibility and high latent heat. Despite recent advances in PCMs encapsulation technology, their applications are often severely limited by insufficient mechanical properties and complex manufacturing processes. Herein, a layered engineering strategy of a three-dimensional network structure was reported, achieving PEG encapsulation and a mechanically flexible support structure. Benefiting from the synergy of rigid cellulose nanofibers and flexible polyacrylamide hydrogel, the prepared phase change composites achieve a noteworthy level of flexibility and tensile strength (4.9 MPa), along with significantly high latent heat (138.5 J/g) and thermal cycle stability. These bendable and foldable flexible composites with phase transition properties are suitable for the thermal management of complex equipment particularly as a potential candidate material for environmental temperature regulation and thermal protection. Overall, this work proposes a novel strategy to combine hydrogel and biomass materials to prepare support frameworks for PCMs encapsulation, which will foster potential advances in flexible phase change composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}