Industrial Crops and Products最新文献

{"title":"Regeneration establishment of Camellia taliensis unravels its adventitious bud development profile dynamically regulated by auxin-ethylene signaling","authors":"Hongrong Chen ,&nbsp;Qingping Yan ,&nbsp;Shuo Shi ,&nbsp;Kelin Huang ,&nbsp;Lulu Ren ,&nbsp;Jingxian Wang ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Linbo Chen ,&nbsp;ChunLin Chen ,&nbsp;Yiping Tian ,&nbsp;Shengrui Liu ,&nbsp;Yue Fei ,&nbsp;Jianbing Hu ,&nbsp;Kun Dong ,&nbsp;Chaoling Wei ,&nbsp;Mingzhe Yao ,&nbsp;Junyan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Camellia taliensis</em> (W.W. Sm.) Melch. is a wild relative of the cultivated tea plant <em>Camellia sinensis</em>, primarily distributed in southwestern China, northern Myanmar, and Thailand. <em>C. taliensis</em> is regarded as a key <em>Camellia</em> species for elucidating the origin and domestication of the tea plant and as an important source of plant material for natural metabolite discovery. However, there are knowledge and technical gaps in effective regeneration and developmental profiling of <em>C. taliensis</em>. Here, we established an efficient in vitro system for regeneration of <em>C. taliensis</em> using stem segment explants. From bud sprouting to root formation, optimal culture media were determined for each stage: axillary bud induction (MS + 2.0 mg·L⁻¹ 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA) + 0.2 mg·L⁻¹ naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)), adventitious bud proliferation (MS + 3.0 mg·L⁻¹ 6-BA + 0.1 mg·L⁻¹ NAA), adventitious bud stem elongation (MS + 0.5 mg·L⁻¹ 6-BA + 0.05 mg·L⁻¹ NAA + 1.0 mg·L⁻¹ gibberellic acid), and root induction (½ MS + 3.0 mg·L⁻¹ indole-3-butyric acid). Morphological and histological analyses showed that adventitious buds were significantly more elongated in the medium with NAA:6-BA = 1:30 than in the medium with NAA:6-BA = 1:10 after 7 and 14 days of post-treatment, suggesting an important role of adventitious bud development in <em>C. taliensis</em> regeneration. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis of adventitious buds treated with different NAA/6-BA concentration ratios revealed distinct gene expression dynamics, with differentially expressed genes significantly enriched in pathways associated with environmental responses, cell wall remodeling, and hormone signaling. In particular, numerous genes associated with auxin and ethylene signaling pathways exhibited temporal expression patterns in the presence of NAA:6-BA = 1:30. This study establishes an efficient strategy for regeneration and conservation of <em>C. taliensis</em> and provides new insight into the molecular basis of its adventitious bud development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122885"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methionine explains the dehydration sensitivity and tolerance in the seeds of two sister Panax species","authors":"Na Ge ,&nbsp;Jin-Shan Jia ,&nbsp;Qing-Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Chao-Lin Li ,&nbsp;Min Huang ,&nbsp;Ting Luo ,&nbsp;Jin-Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jun-Wen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seed dehydration tolerance is a critical physiological trait determining post-harvest survival and species dispersal. While methionine (Met) enhances plant stress adaptation, its role in seed dehydration tolerance remains poorly defined. This study employed integrated transcriptomic and metabolomics analyses to compare Met metabolism during seed development in dehydration-tolerant <em>Panax vietnamensis</em> var. <em>fuscidiscus</em> and dehydration-sensitive <em>Panax notoginseng</em>, sister species exhibiting similar morphology but divergent dehydration tolerance despite equivalent maturity timing. Present study identified significantly higher (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) Met accumulation in tolerant seeds at maturity. This divergence was driven by developmentally upregulated expression of key Met biosynthesis enzymes-cystathionine γ-synthase (CGS), methionine synthase (MS), and S-adenosylmethionine synthetase (SAMS) in <em>P</em>. <em>vietnamensis</em> var. <em>fuscidiscus</em>, contrasting with downregulation in <em>P</em>. <em>notoginseng</em>. Consequently, tolerant seeds exhibited superior antioxidant enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) activity and glutathione-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity during dehydration. Crucially, exogenous application of the Met synthesis inhibitor DL-propargylglycine (PAG) to tolerant <em>P. vietnamensis</em> var. <em>fuscidiscus</em> seeds suppressed Met accumulation, reduced antioxidant enzyme activity, impaired glutathione system function, compromised membrane integrity (increased electrolyte leakage), and diminished seed vigor and germination under dehydration stress. These results demonstrate that developmentally regulated Met metabolism, mediated by CGS, MS, and SAMS, critically governs seed dehydration tolerance. Met acts as a critical metabolite, enhancing tolerance primarily by bolstering redox homeostasis (via elevated antioxidant and glutathione system activity) and contributing to osmotic adjustment. This study elucidates a key molecular mechanism underlying dehydration tolerance variation in seeds and provides a theoretical foundation for improving storage strategies, particularly for recalcitrant species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122883"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146160827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Purification, structural identification of polysaccharides from Hangzhou chrysanthemum and their α-glucosidase inhibition mechanisms","authors":"Hongkun Xue ,&nbsp;Haiyan Gao ,&nbsp;Yaojie Liu ,&nbsp;Bozhao Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianqing Liao ,&nbsp;Chuan Wang ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hangzhou chrysanthemum is a medicinal plant with food-related properties, and the hypoglycemic components of its natural polysaccharides and their related mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This paper purified the crude Hangzhou chrysanthemum polysaccharides (HCPs) via DEAE-52 and Sephadex-G150 column chromatography to finally obtain a major homogeneous polysaccharide fraction (HCPs-3-SG), and then the structure of HCPs-3-SG was characterized by HPGPC, FT–IR, GC-MS NMR, CD, TGA, etc. Finally, the α-glucosidase inhibitory mechanisms of HCPs-3-SG were investigated through comprehensive experiments and simulation methods. The results show that HCPs-3-SG with an Mw of 7.85 kDa consisted of Fuc (1.42 %), Rha (6.89 %), Ara (7.22 %), Gal (5.55 %), Glc (1.67 %), Xyl (2.09 %), Man (1.37 %), and Gal-UA (73.80 %). →4)-α-<span>D</span>-GalUA(6-OCH₃)-(1→ and →4)-α-<span>D</span>-GalUA-(1→ was the primary chain of HCPs-3-SG. Moreover, HCPs-3-SG didn’t has a triple helix structure and contained microcrystalline structures, irregular fragments, and reticular segment structures. HCPs-3-SG presented a random linear chain, multi-branched structure, and spindle-shaped protrusions. Furthermore, HCPs-3-SG exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity. The α-glucosidase-HCPs-3-SG complex remained stable in terms of RMSD, RMSF, and turnaround radius in the Gromacs simulation. HCPs-3-SG played a crucial role in the binding process with α-glucosidase by interacting with amino acid residues Tyr158, Phe303, Arg315, and Arg442.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122889"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorization of agricultural, forestry and nut-shell biomass residues into functional biochars for phosphorus removal: Feedstock screening and process optimization","authors":"Xiaoran Li ,&nbsp;Yuheng Han ,&nbsp;Kehui Cen,&nbsp;Li Qiu,&nbsp;Xiao Yang,&nbsp;Dengyu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agricultural, forestry, and nut-shell biomass residues were valorized into functional biochars for phosphorus removal from water, aiming to elucidate the role of feedstock characteristics in governing modification efficiency and phosphorus adsorption performance. In these three separate categories, ML screening identified rice straw, walnut shell, and bamboo as the optimal biomass sources, while also determining the ranges for process parameters, including pyrolysis temperature (600–800 °C), time (2–4 h), and La^3 + concentration (2–4 mol/L). Subsequently, RSM was employed to experimentally validate the ML results and optimize pyrolysis conditions, revealing that the phosphorus adsorption capacity of La-modified biochars decreased in the order of rice straw &gt; walnut shell &gt; bamboo. The La-modified rice straw biochar exhibited the highest phosphorus adsorption capacity of 247.77 mg/g under the optimized conditions (727.57 °C, a La³⁺ concentration of 3.18 mol/L, and 2.89 h). Comprehensive characterization (XPS, XRD, XRF, and SEM-EDS) revealed that the abundant silicon dioxide in rice straw biochar not only formed a robust skeletal framework but also provided active sites facilitating the uniform dispersion and stabilization of La. In contrast, inadequate minerals in walnut shell and bamboo biochars hindered stable La-O-P phase formation, thus yielding weaker adsorption capacity. Finally, density function theory calculations elucidated the adsorption mechanisms of La-modified biochars for different phosphate species, indicating that phosphate and hydrogen phosphate tend to bind primarily via chemisorption, while dihydrogen phosphate favors physisorption. This study highlights the critical role of feedstock composition in determining phosphorus adsorption performance and demonstrates the potential of agricultural biomass residues, particularly rice straw, for the development of functional biochars for phosphorus removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122905"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essential oil yield, composition, and fiber cell wall components in dual-purpose industrial hemp","authors":"Jelena Visković ,&nbsp;Vladimir Sikora ,&nbsp;Dragana Latković ,&nbsp;Tijana Zeremski ,&nbsp;Tessema Astatkie ,&nbsp;Jay S. Noller ,&nbsp;Valtcho D. Zheljazkov","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dual-purpose hemp crops have seen a resurgence of interest in recent years, driven by their diverse and growing market applications. One prominent application of hemp is the extraction of its essential oil (EO), which is rich in bioactive phytochemicals and has diverse uses. In addition, hemp has been extensively studied in recent years for the production of innovative substances and is gaining popularity as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fibers. The hypothesis of this study was that cultivar, row spacing, growing stage, and their interactions would affect industrial hemp EO content, composition, and fiber cell wall components. Field trials were conducted in Bački Petrovac, Serbia (45.3568° N, 19.6173° E) using cultivars Helena, Bob-1, and Marina, at two row spacings: 12.5 cm and 50 cm. The fresh samples from the top 50 cm of female plants were sampled at two times: (1) just before flowering, and (2) at harvest time for fiber. The results from the field study indicated that cv. Bob-1 consistently exhibited the highest content of EO in both years. Cannabidiol and four types of sesquiterpenes (E-caryophyllene, α-humulene, caryophyllene oxide, allo-aromadendrene) were identified as the primary compounds in all the EOs from both stages of sampling and year. Row spacing significantly impacted fiber cell wall composition, however, effects varied by cultivar. The content of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber was maintained or increased for Helena on wider spacing. Bob-1 exhibited reduced neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber; however, it increased acid detergent lignin at wider spacing. Marina showed increased neutral detergent fiber and stable acid detergent fiber content with a low decrease in lignin content at wider spacing. A strong positive correlation between E-caryophyllene and acid detergent lignin was detected only in early sampling (S1) (<em>r</em> = 0.724, <em>p</em> = 0.008), along with a similarly significant acid detergent lignin–α-humulene relationship (<em>r</em> = 0.698, <em>p</em> = 0.012), whereas no correlations were observed at later sampling stages, suggesting seasonal variation in the association between terpene production and lignin accumulation. In the second sampling, α-humulene showed opposing correlations with acid detergent fiber (negative) and acid detergent lignin (positive), while caryophyllene oxide exhibited no significant relationships with any fiber component across sampling times, and overall acid detergent lignin consistently displayed the strongest associations with EO constituents. Implementing this dual-purpose approach, producing high-value EO from the upper plant portions and fiber from the lower stems, could enhance the economic viability and environmental sustainability of industrial hemp, providing a more resource-efficient model for the industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122866"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146160822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized fruit load and fertilization management for improving pomelo productivity with lower environmental costs","authors":"Ziwei Luo ,&nbsp;Binbin Pan ,&nbsp;Xiaona Li ,&nbsp;Kaiyuan Du ,&nbsp;Ping Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi Zhou ,&nbsp;Li-Song Chen ,&nbsp;Jiuxin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agriculture green development necessitates a synergistic approach to address multiple objectives, such as yield, quality, production efficiency, and environmental sustainability. The lack of a multi-objective comprehensive evaluation method based on a holistic perspective is a challenge that limits its progress and further development. Citrus, including pomelo (<em>C. grandis</em> (L.) Osbeck), is the world's largest fruits, and its green production is directly related to achieving multiple goals such as economic benefits and human health. Fruit load and fertilization management are critical agronomic practices in pomelo production; however, their combined effects are not yet fully understood. A two-year field experiment was conducted, involving three fruit load levels (low-, medium-, and high-fruit load as 40 ± 5, 65 ± 5, and 90 ± 5 fruits plant⁻¹) and two fertilization strategies (farmer’s fertilization with 1000 N-900 P₂O₅-900 K₂O kg ha⁻¹ and optimized fertilization with 250 N-100 P₂O₅-200 K₂O kg ha⁻¹ and 2000 kg ha⁻¹ organic fertilizer) to investigate the effects on fruit yield, quality, fertilizer partial factor productivity (PFP), economic benefits, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and carbon footprint, as well as three comprehensive evaluate methods of the Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and the Combined Evaluation Method (CEM) were employed. Compared to low-fruit load, high-fruit load significantly increased fruit yield but adversely affected quality by reducing single fruit weight, color, sugar content, and antioxidant capacity. In contrast, medium-fruit load offered a balanced trade-off by sacrificing a modest amount of yield to enhance fruit quality, and yield losses were offset by an increased proportion of high-quality fruit, thereby elevating overall income. Moreover, optimized fertilization significantly reduced chemical fertilizer inputs without compromising yield or quality, while substantially increasing PFP and reducing GHG emissions. However, the comprehensive evaluation revealed that the combination of medium-fruit load with optimized fertilization provided the best overall performance, achieving the highest scores across GRA, TOPSIS, and CEM methods. Our study provides a strategy of optimized fruit load and fertilization management that can synergistically improve fruit productivity and environmental sustainability for pomelo green development. It is recommended that a comprehensive evaluation method based on quantitative multi-objective indicators be implemented and developed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122895"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spray-dried gum Arabic microcapsules of lemon essential oil: A release kinetics study for odor masking in hydrogen peroxide disinfectants","authors":"Zahra Khodabakhshi Tabar Ahangar,&nbsp;Fatemeh Eslami","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pungent odor of hydrogen peroxide-based disinfectants restrains their applications in public hygiene, despite their superior safety and lower cost compared to alcohol-based products. To address this limitation, we apply gum arabic-based microencapsulation of lemon essential oil—valued for its pleasant aroma—via spray drying as an odor-masking agent in hydrogen peroxide disinfectants. This study presents the first investigation of the release kinetics of such microcapsules within hydrogen peroxide systems, enabling improved aroma delivery and enhanced product acceptability. The resulting microcapsules (mean diameter ∼114 µm) were characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, optical microscopy, SEM, and particle size distribution analysis, confirming successful encapsulation and spherical morphology. Encapsulation efficiency reached 78.02 %, with a product yield of 76.67 %. Controlled release of the essential oil in a hydrogen peroxide-based disinfectant medium over 96 h was monitored using UV–Vis spectrophotometry, revealing a sustained release profile without initial burst. Release kinetics were fitted to four models: Fickian diffusion from a sphere, First-order, Korsmeyer–Peppas, and Weibull. The Weibull model provided the best statistical fit, while the Fickian sphere model best described the underlying diffusion mechanism. These results validate gum arabic-based microencapsulation as an effective strategy for odor masking and controlled essential oil delivery in aqueous disinfectant formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122855"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the Nt4CL gene family in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and reveals Nt4CL9 response to cold stress","authors":"Bing Ma ,&nbsp;Wenyue Song ,&nbsp;Hongye Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu Peng ,&nbsp;Shengna Sun ,&nbsp;Wanfeng Liu ,&nbsp;Chan Qiao ,&nbsp;Zhengwen Liu ,&nbsp;Dong Wang ,&nbsp;Lirui Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiaoxu Li ,&nbsp;Yiwen Sun ,&nbsp;Junping Gao ,&nbsp;Aiguo Yang ,&nbsp;Liuying Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>4-coumarate:CoA ligases (4CLs) are key enzymes in the phenylpropanoid pathway, which plays a central role in plant adaptation to diverse environmental stresses. Despite being a model <em>Solanaceae</em> species, tobacco’s 4CL gene family composition and functions remain largely unknown. Here, we identified 24 Nt4CL family genes in <em>Nicotiana tabacum</em> and comprehensively analyzed their phylogenetic relationships, conserved motifs, gene structures, and promoter <em>cis</em>-acting elements. The <em>Nt4CL</em> family clustered into three clades, all containing conserved ANL domains and catalytic motifs. Promoter analyses revealed abundant elements associated with light, hormone, and stress responses. Expression profiling under abiotic stresses revealed that different Nt4CL members participate in distinct stress responses, among which <em>Nt4CL9</em> was strongly induced by cold stress. Nt4CL9 localized to the plasma membrane and cytoplasm. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of <em>Nt4CL9</em> (<em>Nt4cl9</em>) increased flavonoid accumulation, particularly rutin. <em>Nt4cl9</em> markedly enhanced cold tolerance, as evidenced by reduced malondialdehyde accumulation, elevated antioxidant enzyme activities, and up-regulation of cold-responsive genes. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that Nt4CL9 not only modulates flavonoid metabolism but also functions as a negative regulator of cold tolerance in tobacco. This observation not only provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying phenylpropanoid-mediated stress adaptation but also identifies Nt4CL9 as a potential genetic target for enhancing cold resilience in tobacco and other <em>Solanaceae</em> family crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122870"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astragalus polysaccharides modulate gut microbial interaction and bile acid metabolism of postpartum dairy cows","authors":"Zhengzhong Luo ,&nbsp;Kang Yong ,&nbsp;Kang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yixin Huang ,&nbsp;Zheng Zhou ,&nbsp;Xueping Yao ,&nbsp;Liuhong Shen ,&nbsp;Shumin Yu ,&nbsp;Jianxi Li ,&nbsp;Suizhong Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gut microbiota is a symbiotic ecosystem, yet how polysaccharides regulate gut microbial interactions and the related host co-metabolism in dairy cows, particularly regarding bile acids, remain unclear. In postpartum cows, <em>Astragalus</em> polysaccharides (APS) supplementation reduced key biomarkers of metabolic stress, including β-hydroxybutyrate, triglycerides, interferon-γ, and TNF-α. Although fecal microbial diversity did not show significant changes, APS markedly altered interactions within the gut microbiota, improving cohesion and stability of co-occurrence network, such as a higher clustering coefficient, greater core modularization, and enhanced robustness, with reduced average path length and vulnerability. APS elevated bile acids such as tauroursodeoxycholic acid, independent of changes in related taxa abundance. Moreover, microbial functional gene networks exhibited strong correlations with bile acid metabolism after APS treatment. These findings demonstrate that APS enhances microbial network stability and bile acid–related host co-metabolism, alleviating postpartum metabolic stress in dairy cows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122861"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide analysis of cytochrome P450 genes discovers two oxidases responsible for the biosynthesis of oxindole alkaloids in Uncaria rhynchophylla","authors":"Hao-cheng Lou ,&nbsp;Jia-shun Yang ,&nbsp;Hong Zhang ,&nbsp;Chao Li ,&nbsp;Xiao-jun Pan ,&nbsp;Jia-ning Pan ,&nbsp;Shi-zan Cao ,&nbsp;Li-shang Dai ,&nbsp;Zhi-gang Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.122877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Uncaria rhynchophylla</em> (Gou-teng, UR) produces numerous structurally diverse tetracyclic monoterpene oxindole-type alkaloids (tMOAs) with notable pharmacological activities. Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) play crucial roles in generating the structural diversity of specialized metabolites. However, the CYP superfamily and its biochemical function in tMOAs biosynthesis in UR remains poorly characterized, largely due to the complexity of P450 genes. In this study, a total of 460 <em>UrCYP</em> genes were identified in the UR genome and clustered into nine clans and 43 families by a comprehensive genome-wide analysis. Furthermore, phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, conserved motifs, and duplication events driving the expansion of these <em>UrCYPs</em> were revealed, respectively. Using gene coexpression analysis and yeast functional assays, two tandemly duplicated CYP71 members were discovered to catalyze the regio-specific C-2’ oxindole and rearrangement of tetracyclic corynanthe-type intermediates (hirsutine, hirsuteine) to form tMOAs, including rhynchophylline, isorhynchophylline, corynoxeine, and isocorynoxeine. Meanwhile, overexpression and RNA interference of <em>UrCYP71A22.4</em> and <em>UrCYP71A22.5</em> substantially increased and decreased the accumulation of these oxindole alkaloids in hairy roots, respectively. Subcellular localization revealed that UrCYP71A22.4/5-eGFP fusion proteins localize to endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Docking analysis identified four conserved candidate residues (S134/130, D319/318, R447/459, P450/462) surrounding UrCYP71A22.4/5 binding pockets that likely serve as key active sites for 2-oxindole structure formation. Together, this study not only provides critical insights into the previously unknown biosynthesis of tMOAs in UR but also offers a potential strategy for the sustainable production of these pharmaceutically valuable alkaloids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 122877"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}