Industrial Crops and Products最新文献

{"title":"Triclosan removal from synthetic solution using corn cobs and their magnetic composites: Insights from batch adsorption and fixed-bed column studies","authors":"Cristina E. Almeida-Naranjo ,&nbsp;Fabián Santana-Romo ,&nbsp;Elvia Gallegos-Castro ,&nbsp;Cristina Alejandra Villamar-Ayala ,&nbsp;Alexis Debut","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triclosan, a lipophilic contaminant and endocrine disruptor, is widely detected in industrial, pharmaceutical, and domestic wastewaters. Organic residues impregnated with nanoparticles could be efficient adsorbents for such contaminants. This study evaluated the efficiency of corn cobs (CC), iron oxide (IO), and their magnetic composites in removing triclosan (30 mg L⁻¹) using batch and fixed-bed column tests. Adsorbents were characterized by analytical (ASTM standards), instrumental (microscopy, spectroscopy, BET, X-ray diffraction), and computational methods. Batch tests analyzed CC/IO/composite doses (0.001–2.5 g L⁻¹), contact times (2.5–60 min), and CC ratios (1:1, 2:1, 4:1). Results fit kinetic and isothermal models. Fixed-bed columns used CC and 4CC:1IO (most efficient). CC contained ∼94.2 % lignocellulosic material, an irregular surface with 0.4 m² g⁻¹, and functional groups (OH, C<img>O, C-O-H). IOs (∼15 nm) had a surface area of 66.3 m²/g, while composites ranged from 1.4 to 2.2 m² g⁻¹. Optimal doses were 2.0 g L⁻¹ for CC and 3.75–25-fold for IO/composites, removing 84.7–94.1 % triclosan within 40–60 min. Data fit the pseudo-second order model (R² = 0.89–0.99) and isotherms aligned with Langmuir and Sips models (R² = 0.97–0.99). In fixed-bed columns, CC and 4CC:1IO reached saturation at 700 and 1250 min, respectively, fitting the Bohart-Adams model (R² = 0.93–0.98). Computational chemistry elucidated triclosan removal mechanisms related to its lipophilicity, solubility, and reactive lignocellulosic sites. CC and their composites are effective, sustainable, and low-cost alternatives for removing triclosan and other lipophilic emerging contaminants, with potential for broader water treatment applications. This study evaluated the adsorption capacity of the materials for triclosan removal, incorporating kinetic models, breakthrough curves, and computational simulations to understand the removal mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 120917"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Converting waste Chrysanthemi Flos residues into high-value fluorescent carbon dots for rapid and selective detection of mercury (II) ions in aqueous environments","authors":"Boyang Zhu ,&nbsp;Kailun Zhang ,&nbsp;Shibing Wei ,&nbsp;Song Li ,&nbsp;Daiyin Peng ,&nbsp;Jiusheng Nie ,&nbsp;Jinao Duan ,&nbsp;Deling Wu ,&nbsp;Xiangwei Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chrysanthemi Flos (CF) is widely used as an edible and medicinal crop, resulting in large amounts of residue production annually. The discarded CF residues (CFR) cause environmental pollution and wastage of resources. Converting CFR into functional carbon dots (CDs) is an important strategy to achieve its “waste-to-wealth” goal. Here, a CFR-derived CDs (CFR-CDs) based fluorescent sensor was successfully developed for the rapid and selective detection of mercury (Ⅱ) ions in aqueous environments, and its sensing mechanism for detecting Hg²⁺ was elucidated. First, the CFR was used as a precursor to extract fluorescent CDs via a simple and green hydrothermal method. The prepared CFR-CDs possessed a typical graphite-like structure with an average size of 2.23 nm, and exhibited good hydrophilicity, excellent photostability, and excitation-dependence fluorescence behavior, while emitting blue fluorescence. Interestingly, the CFR-CDs were highly selective towards Hg²⁺, and their fluorescence was rapidly quenched by Hg²⁺ (within 1 min). The prepared CFR-CDs were then used as a fluorescent sensor for efficient detection of Hg²⁺ in the range of 0.3–10 μmol/L with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.129 μmol/L. The recovery of the Hg²⁺ in actual water environments ranged between 98.60 % and 104.00 % with a relative standard deviation &lt; 5.0 %, demonstrating the reliability of the developed sensor. Additionally, the detection mechanism was revealed to be the synergistic action of the static quenching effect (SQE), inner filter effect (IFE) and photo-induced electron transfer (PET), generating CFR-CDs/Hg²⁺ complexes through the formation of surface chemical bonds and promoting the rapid shutdown of the sensor signal. This study demonstrates, for the first time, the application of CFR towards producing green and low-cost CDs as promising fluorescent sensor for the detection of Hg²⁺ in actual environmental samples, and is therefore helpful for improving the utilization efficiency of CFR and promoting the realization of carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 120914"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of stable cinnamon essential oil emulsions using natural extracts from Gleditsia sinensis Lam rich in galactomannan and saponin","authors":"Dong He ,&nbsp;Yinglin Liang ,&nbsp;Kegang Wu ,&nbsp;Cansheng Ou ,&nbsp;Jiawei Lin ,&nbsp;Xianghua Chai ,&nbsp;Yujuan Xiang ,&nbsp;Xuejuan Duan ,&nbsp;Qin Cha ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Xie ,&nbsp;Qiang An ,&nbsp;Shengjian Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of essential oils in cosmetics and personal care products is limited due to their poor water solubility and sensitivity to external factors. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of using aqueous extracts from <em>Gleditsia sinensis Lam</em> seeds (AEGS) and <em>Gleditsia sinensis Lam</em> pods (GSW) to stabilize cinnamon essential oil emulsions. By combining single-factor and orthogonal experiments, the optimal microwave-assisted extraction parameters was determined for aqueous extracts from <em>Gleditsia sinensis Lam</em> seeds to enhance extraction efficiency. The results showed that GSW was rich in saponin components, primarily serving as an emulsifier, while AEGS was rich in galactomannan, primarily acting as a stabilizer. The combination of AEGS and GSW significantly improved the physical stability of cinnamon essential oil emulsions, particularly demonstrating excellent stability under high ionic strength and across a wide pH range. In addition to stabilizing the activity of essential oils, the natural emulsion itself possesses with multiple biological activities. When the emulsion was loaded with essential oils, the entire emulsion system showed even more pronounced antioxidant properties, tyrosinase inhibition activity, and anti-Malassezia activity, highlighting their substantial potential for application in the cosmetics and skincare industry. This research provides new insights for developing stable emulsions with multiple biological activities based on natural ingredients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 120918"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiomics comparative analysis reveals the role of carbon metabolism in enhancing monascin and ankaflavin production in Monascus purpureus","authors":"Leyuan Li ,&nbsp;Lili Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Liu ,&nbsp;Hui Guo ,&nbsp;Na Huang ,&nbsp;Zhimin Wang ,&nbsp;Liping Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genus <em>Monascus</em> is widely used in the pharmaceutical and food industries for the production of monascin, ankaflavin, and related compounds. The contents of monascin and ankaflavin in red-yeast rice are low, thus revealing that the synthesis mechanisms of these compounds can significantly improve their synthesis efficiency. Here, two high-quality genomes of the original <em>M. purpureus</em> and UV mutants with higher monascin and ankaflavin contents were assembled and annotated as 24.63 Mb and 24.62 Mb, respectively, and contained 8279 and 8360 genes. Integrated genome and transcriptome analysis revealed 573 variant genes and 625 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two <em>M. purpureus</em> strains. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses revealed that these genes were most closely related to fatty acid and carbon metabolism, which can provide more precursors for the biosynthesis of monascin and ankaflavin. Furthermore, overexpression of the variant gene <em>wrbA</em> related to carbon metabolism in the original <em>M. purpureus</em> strain promoted monascin and ankaflavin production, with increases of 25.6 % and 8.5 %, respectively. Our study also confirmed that the UV mutagenesis strains fermented with red-yeast rice had a greater ability to inhibit intracellular lipid accumulation. Our results revealed that the sequence and expression profiles of genes involved in carbon metabolism, such as <em>wrbA</em>, which can contribute to monascin and ankaflavin biosynthesis and accumulation, changed during UV-induced <em>M. purpureus</em> infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 120938"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-immunosensors for the rapid and sensitive detection of foodborne toxins; Recent advances","authors":"Safoura Akbari-Alavijeh ,&nbsp;Rezvan Shaddel ,&nbsp;Chi-Ching Lee ,&nbsp;Hadi Pourjafar ,&nbsp;Fereshteh Ansari ,&nbsp;Mahmood Alizadeh Sani ,&nbsp;Najmeh Ajili ,&nbsp;Elham Assadpour ,&nbsp;Fuyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Seid Mahdi Jafari","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Foodborne toxins pose significant risks to public health, necessitating rapid and accurate detection methods to ensure food safety. Traditional detection methods, such as chromatography and mass spectrometry, are often time-consuming, expensive, and require extensive sample preparation. Nano-immunosensors (NISs), which are biosensors that incorporate nanoscale materials (e.g., nanoparticles) to detect specific analytes (e.g., bacterial pathogens such as <em>Salmonella</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em>, mycotoxins like aflatoxins and ochratoxin A, marine toxins such as ciguatoxins and saxitoxins, and chemical contaminants including pesticides and heavy metals), offer a promising alternative, leveraging the unique properties of nanomaterials to achieve high sensitivity and specificity in detecting a wide range of toxins. These sensors enable real-time monitoring with minimal sample preparation, making them highly suitable for complex food matrices. Additionally, NISs can be integrated into portable devices, facilitating on-site testing and immediate decision-making, which is critical in food safety management. Their ability to detect multiple toxins simultaneously further enhances their utility in diverse food safety applications. This review explores the development of NISs, focusing on their applications in detecting bacterial, fungal, and marine toxins, as well as chemical contaminants. Key advantages, such as rapid detection, cost-effectiveness, and enhanced sensitivity compared to conventional methods, are highlighted. The potential for future advancements in NIS technology to further improve food safety and public health outcomes is also discussed, emphasizing their role in meeting the increasing demand for safer food products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 120879"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic hydrogenative depolymerization of castor shells C-lignin to catechols over the mixed Pd/C + Pd(OH)2/C System","authors":"Fuzhong Jiang ,&nbsp;Weimin Zheng ,&nbsp;Chaofeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Bo Jiang ,&nbsp;Zhuo Li ,&nbsp;Jinlan Cheng ,&nbsp;Yue Zhang ,&nbsp;Bingbing Luo ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Shen ,&nbsp;Yongcan Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The efficient cleavage of lignin ether bonds to produce aromatics is a challenging and attractive topic. Besides the normal lignin substrates, recently, a growing number of studies revealed that catechyl lignin (C-lignin) represents an ideal lignin platform for hydronative depolymerization because of its exclusive benzodioxane linkages between caffeyl alcohol monolignols. In this report, we found that the combined system of Pd/C + Pd(OH)₂/C with an optimized Pd⁰:Pd²⁺ ratio of 1:3 can efficiently and selectively catalyze the hydrogenative depolymerization of C-lignin via the cleavage of C−O bonds in benzodioxane linkages, giving catechols in higher yields than the single use of Pd/C or Pd(OH)₂/C. However, the ratio effect of the central Pd valence state on normal lignin is unobvious, highlighting the critical role of the 1,3-diether structure in the benzodioxane unit of C-lignin. Further model compound conversion tests supported the synergistic effect between the Pd/C and Pd(OH)₂/C in the hydrogenative cleavage of the critical C_α/_β–OAr ether bonds of the benzodioxane linkage. In addition, the influences of different pretreatment methods and the direct hydrogenolysis of the castor shells over the mixed Pd system were further studied.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 120913"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated analysis of lipid metabolites and expressed genes reveals dynamic changes of lipid metabolism in high- and low-oil containing Gossypium hirsutum L. genotypes","authors":"Yike Zhong ,&nbsp;Ye Wang ,&nbsp;Nan Xu ,&nbsp;Haoliang Yan ,&nbsp;Renhui Wei ,&nbsp;Yanpeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Shuqian Yao ,&nbsp;Xu Han ,&nbsp;Zhuona Chen ,&nbsp;Doudou Zhang ,&nbsp;Li Han ,&nbsp;Wankui Gong ,&nbsp;Qun Ge ,&nbsp;Juwu Gong ,&nbsp;Haihong Shang ,&nbsp;Youlu Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cottonseed is a globally significant oilseed crop due to its high contribution to vegetable oil supply. The process of lipid accumulation is essential for seed maturation and oil buildup. In this study, we analyzed lipid metabolites and gene expression patterns related to fatty acid synthesis in two cotton genotypes with varying oil content. Our lipid analysis identified 588 kinds of lipids in developing embryos of upland cotton, with glycerophospholipids (64.29 %), glycerolipids (17.69 %), and saccharolipids (13.61 %) being the main components. Transcriptome analysis of key genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis and lipid droplet formation revealed potential regulatory regions influencing lipid content in developing embryos of upland cotton. This research provides valuable insights into the lipidome profiles during embryo development and lays the groundwork for future investigations on lipid accumulation in economically important crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 120923"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and optimization of a mulch film punching system for a potato planter, using MATLAB and DEM-MBD simulations","authors":"Baowei Li ,&nbsp;Wei Sun ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Zhao ,&nbsp;Juanling Wang ,&nbsp;Petru A. Simionescu","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the challenges of potato planting on mulch film in the cold, arid regions of Northwest China by designing and optimizing a hole-sowing device based on a double-crank five-bar linkage mechanism. Using MATLAB, the linkage parameters were optimized to enhance planting accuracy through the \"zero-speed planting\" principle. The device's operational reliability was validated through DEM-MBD coupled simulations, which confirmed its ability to meet planting depth and plant spacing requirements with excellent kinematic performance. Field trials demonstrated an 87.6 % qualified rate for plant spacing, a 4.3 % misalignment rate, and a 95.6 % qualified rate for planting depth under the film, all conforming to national and industry standards. These findings support the advancement of mechanized potato planting and propose improvements for plant spacing control devices using stepless speed regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 120929"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant activity and neuromodulatory synergies in fixed oils from Nigella sativa, Cucurbita pepo, and Sinapis alba Seeds","authors":"Mohammed Hawash ,&nbsp;Nidal Jaradat ,&nbsp;Mohammad Qneibi ,&nbsp;Haya Sameer Faraj ,&nbsp;Balsam Muhib Rabi ,&nbsp;Duha Ziad Shalabi ,&nbsp;Sosana Bdir ,&nbsp;Mohammad Bdair ,&nbsp;Tala Idais ,&nbsp;Linda Issa ,&nbsp;Shorooq Sobuh","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Nigella sativa</em> (black seeds), <em>Cucurbita pepo</em> (pumpkin), and <em>Sinapis alba</em> (mustard) are plants traditionally utilized for treating various ailments. This study aimed to extract fixed oils from the seeds of these plants and assess their antioxidant, antidiabetic, neuromodulatory, and anti-obesity properties. The effects of each oil were examined both individually and in combination through <em>in vitro</em> assays. The oil of <em>Nigella sativa, Cucurbita pepo,</em> and <em>Sinapis alba</em> seeds was extracted by cold pressing. Then, free radical scavenging, anti-α-amylase, and anti-lipase effects were investigated for all these fixed seeds. Electrophysiological recordings were done using the whole-cell patch clamp technique to assess the neuromodulatory activity. The percentage inhibition of DPPH (a free radical) was evaluated for fixed oils from <em>N. sativa</em>, <em>C. pepo</em>, and <em>S. alba</em>, as well as their combinations. <em>S. alba</em> oil demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity with an IC₅₀ of 3.49 ± 0.22 µg/mL, followed by <em>C. pepo</em> oil at 7.97 ± 0.17 µg/mL. In contrast, <em>N. sativa</em> oil showed the lowest activity with an IC₅₀ of 57.92 ± 0.32 µg/mL. The standard antioxidant, Trolox, had an IC₅₀ of 2.02 ± 0.04 µg/mL. A combination of <em>C. pepo</em> and <em>S. alba</em> oils exhibited potent antioxidant properties, with an IC₅₀ of 2.46 ± 0.03 µg/mL, comparable to Trolox. None of the oils significantly inhibited α-amylase or lipase enzymes. Electrophysiological assessments revealed that <em>S. alba</em> oil significantly reduced GluA2 and GluA2/3 receptor amplitude and influenced receptor kinetics (p &lt; 0.01). <em>N. sativa</em> had a similar, though less pronounced, effect, while <em>C. pepo</em> showed no significant impact. Remarkably, a combination of <em>N. sativa</em> and <em>S. alba</em> oils synergistically decreased AMPA receptor amplitude and desensitization time, enhancing deactivation. This suggests a promising synergistic effect for neuromodulation beyond the individual impact of each oil. This study evaluated the antioxidant activity of <em>N. sativa, C. pepo,</em> and <em>S. alba</em> seeds fixed oils and their mixtures. <em>S. alba</em> oil showed the most potent antioxidant activity, followed by <em>C. pepo</em>. However, all tested oils showed weak inhibitory effects against lipase and α-amylase enzymes, suggesting weak potential for obesity and diabetic treatment. So, these natural fixed oils could be applied to prepare possible medications to prevent and treat oxidative stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 120868"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of biosynthetic pathways to areca alkaloids in Areca catechu","authors":"Guangzhen Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiao Wu ,&nbsp;Zhongliang Lu ,&nbsp;Yiqi Jiang ,&nbsp;Xu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yandu Lu ,&nbsp;Peng Huang ,&nbsp;Jianguo Zeng ,&nbsp;Yinglang Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Areca alkaloids, including arecoline and its metabolites, are abundant in areca nuts, the fruit produced by <em>Areca catechu</em>. Arecoline is considered the fourth most widely used psychoactive substance after nicotine, alcohol, and caffeine. However, the biosynthetic pathway and enzymes related to these alkaloids have remained largely unexplored until now. Using stable isotope tracer techniques, we identified trigonelline as a key precursor in arecoline biosynthesis and proposed a comprehensive biosynthetic pathway for this compound. We also integrated genomic and transcriptome data to identify candidate genes related to arecoline biosynthesis. Methylation events played a crucial role in the synthesis of arecoline and its derivatives, contributing to pyridine alkaloid diversification in <em>A</em>. <em>catechu</em>. Furthermore, whole genome duplication events facilitated the evolution of specific metabolites in <em>A</em>. <em>catechu</em>, while tandem duplication events contributed to the expansion of methyltransferase coding genes in its genome. We cloned and functionally characterized methyltransferase genes, including <em>AcNMT8</em>, <em>AcOMT11</em>, <em>AcOMT16</em>, and <em>AcOMT19</em>, and identified hub transcription factors, particularly the WRKY family, that may regulate pyridine alkaloid synthesis. Overall, our findings provide a foundational understanding for further elucidating the arecoline biosynthetic pathway and advancing molecular breeding efforts in <em>A</em>. <em>catechu</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 120907"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}