Industrial Crops and Products最新文献

{"title":"ESCA-enhanced YOLOv5s: A lightweight framework for Chinese fir seedling stage classification and quantity estimation","authors":"Penghui Sun ,&nbsp;Tianwei Yun ,&nbsp;Shaocong Rong ,&nbsp;Hao Liang ,&nbsp;Huahong Huang ,&nbsp;Erpei Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the extensive cultivation scale of Chinese fir (<em>Cunninghamia lanceolata</em>) seedlings, accurate seedling quantification and growth stage classification have become critical yet challenging tasks in precision forestry. To address the limitation of conventional methods in accuracy and scalability, this study proposes an enhanced YOLOv5s-based detection framework incorporating three strategic improvements: (1) Shufflenetv2 backbone for model lightweighting, (2) an Enhanced Spatial-Channel Attention mechanism that improves upon Enhanced Channel Attention's capacity to resolve complex background interference and spatial dependencies, and (3) a specialized Focal-EIoU loss function for improved detection accuracy. Test results demonstrate that the improved model achieves significant improvements over the standard YOLOv5s: a 1.7 % increase in [email protected], an 88 % reduction in parameters (from 26.8 MB to 3.3 MB), and real-time inference running at 300.2 FPS. This enhanced performance incurs only a marginal 0.6 % drop in recall rate. When benchmarked against nine classic object detection algorithms, our model exhibits superior accuracy speed balance. For practical implementation, we deploy the optimized architecture via the NCNN framework, developing an Android-based application that enables field-deployable seedling counting and growth-stage analysis. This study introduces a lightweight detection model that achieves an effective balance between computational efficiency and detection accuracy in nursery environments, presenting a novel approach for large-scale assessments of seedling quantity and quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 121360"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of water and ethanol vapours on the compressive behaviour of natural cork during ageing","authors":"Massimiliano Gerometta ,&nbsp;Xavier Gabrion ,&nbsp;Aurélie Lagorce ,&nbsp;François Villette ,&nbsp;Sébastien Thibaud ,&nbsp;Thomas Karbowiak","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of the storage condition and time on the compressive behaviour of natural cork was investigated by performing quasi-static and Progressive Repeated Loading (PRL) tests. Cork cubes were exposed to water, water-ethanol and ethanol vapours for 3- and 12-months’ storage. A significant difference for the elastic modulus was observed between samples placed in contact with water (9.6 ± 3.2 MPa) and ethanol (14.3 ± 4.2 MPa) vapours after 3 months. For cork samples in contact with ethanol a significant reduction of the elastic modulus value to 6.3 ± 0.8 MPa was noted at 12 months of storage, whereas no difference was noticeable for samples in contact with water vapour. From the PRL test performed after 3 and 12 months of storage, cork exhibited a different stored energy capability according to the storage condition. A reduction of ∼40 % occurred when placed in contact with ethanol vapour, whereas it increased of ∼15 % when stored in contact with water vapour. This led to the hypothesis that between 3 and 12 months of storage, ethanol accelerated the ageing of the material, leading to modification in the mechanical behaviour of cork, compared with water vapour.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 121333"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essential oils under stress: How drought and salinity shape the physiological and biochemical profile of Thymus ×citriodorus","authors":"Etri Karim,&nbsp;Gosztola Beáta,&nbsp;Pluhár Zsuzsanna","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the face of escalating environmental pressures, gaining insights into how medicinal plants adapt to adverse abiotic stresses is crucial for optimizing their growth and bioactive compound production. This study investigates how drought (40 % soil water capacity), salinity (120 mM NaCl), and their combination influence the growth, physiology, and biochemical responses of <em>Thymus × citriodorus</em>. Morphological analyses revealed reductions in shoot and root parameters across all stress treatments, with the most pronounced declines observed under combined stress. Chlorophyll, carotenoids and relative water content, were reduced under stressed treatments but mainly under salt and combined stresses. In response to these stresses, proline, soluble sugars, and total polyphenols increased significantly, reflecting enhanced osmotic adjustment and protective antioxidant mechanisms, while elevated hydrogen peroxide levels across all stress treatments, signalled intensified oxidative stress. Interestingly, antioxidant capacity significantly decreased under stress conditions, suggesting that the oxidative load exceeded the plant’s antioxidative defences. Essential oil content peaked in unstressed plants (0.45 mL/100 g DW), while GC-MS analysis identified 17 volatile compounds, such as geraniol, geranial, and neral that exhibited substantial fluctuations, indicating stress induced adjustments in secondary metabolism tied to their defensive roles. While the plant exhibits a degree of tolerance to drought, salinity alone or in combination with drought severely compromises overall productivity. These findings provide comprehensive insights into how <em>T. × citriodorus</em> modulates growth and biochemical pathways under abiotic stress, offering practical implications for improving the resilience and agricultural potential of medicinal plants in regions prone to abiotic stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 121368"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultraviolet protection and antibacterial properties of textile fabric made of silver nanoparticles/alkaline lignin/regenerated cellulose fiber","authors":"Yanyu Chen ,&nbsp;Shoujuan Wang ,&nbsp;Guichun Hu ,&nbsp;Fangong Kong ,&nbsp;Jinguang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Regenerated cellulose fibers (e.g., viscose, modal) and natural cotton fibers remain dominant in summer textile production owing to their inherent softness, breathability, and moisture absorption. Nevertheless, their limited ultraviolet (UV) resistance and proneness to microbial colonization restrict extended applications. To address these limitations, we developed a novel regenerated cellulose-based composite fiber incorporating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and alkaline lignin (AL) through a wet-spinning approach. The synthesis process involved dissolving AL and cotton cellulose (CC) in an N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride (DMAc/LiCl) solution, followed by wet spinning to produce AL/CC fibers. Subsequently, AgNPs were in situ synthesized on the surface of the AL/CC-g fibers, resulting in Ag/AL/CC-g fibers. The structural, chemical composition, and thermal stability of the Ag/AL/CC-g fibers were characterized through XPS, SEM, DSC, TG. The Ag/AL/CC-g fibers exhibited good antibacterial activity, achieving a &gt; 99.99 % reduction rate against both E.coli and S.aureus. The UV-blocking capability of Ag/AL/CC-g fabric (woven from Ag/AL/CC-g fibers) was evaluated, revealing a direct correlation between AL content and UV absorption. Notably, the Ag/AL/CC-g fabric(with 46 % AL and 7 % AgNPs) demonstrated “excllent” UV protection, achieving a UPF value exceeding 40, according to the European standard(EN 13758–2).This study presents a novel and effective approach to fabricating cellulose-based textiles with dual functionality—enhanced UV resistance and robust antibacterial properties—expanding their potential applications in high-performance summer apparel and medical textiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 121366"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogen fermentation and lignin pyrolysis of wheat straw via SPORL pretreatment","authors":"Song Li ,&nbsp;Jiale Fu ,&nbsp;Zhixin Jia ,&nbsp;Yifan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xue Chen ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Jungang Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agriculture biomass is a kind of renewable resource for renewable energy production. Current lignocellulose pretreatment methods face challenges in balancing efficient fermentation with lignin valorization. In this study, SPORL pretreatment for enhancing wheat straw fermentation and the valorization of residual lignin through pyrolysis was investigated. The results suggested that the SPORL pretreated wheat straw has a high glucose conversion rate of about 94.5 % at a pH of 5.5–6.0 after 72 h of enzymolysis, and the maximum H₂ fermentation yield was 100.42 mL/g. The residual lignin was characterized and subjected to pyrolysis, and the results showed that the maximum weight loss temperature and residual carbon rate of lignin decreased with the increase of sulfite dose. Following pyrolysis at 600 °C for 30 min, the lignin yielded approximately 22 % bio-oil and 33 % biochar. GC-MS analysis of the bio-oil showed that it contained abundant acetic acid (36 %) and phenolic compounds (20 %), indicating the potential for high-value product conversion. This study provides a comprehensive method for the conversion of wheat straw into bioenergy products, showcasing the economic and ecological benefits of integrated biomass utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 121374"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efflux pump inhibitors from plant compounds: A new strategy to modulate bacterial growth and morphology","authors":"Aleksandra Pietrowska ,&nbsp;Mateusz Guźniczak ,&nbsp;Agata Kublicka ,&nbsp;Anna Matczuk ,&nbsp;Alina Wieliczko ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Ulatowska-Jarża ,&nbsp;Igor Buzalewicz","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antidrug resistance remains a major therapeutic challenge, with combination therapies, often enhanced by plant-derived compounds, gaining popularity due to their increased efficacy in antibacterial treatments. This study focused on the effects of plant-derived efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) on bacterial growth in liquid medium and the ability of cells incubated with selected inhibitors to form bacterial clusters on solid medium. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of berberine, capsaicin, coumarin 6, curcumin, palmatine, and piperine were determined against <em>P.mirabilis</em>, <em>E.coli</em>, <em>E.faecalis,</em> and <em>B.cereus</em> using a modified resazurin assay. Antimicrobial activity was shown by palmatine, curcumin, and berberine. Literature studies confirmed that these compounds also belong to the Sortase A inhibitors. Next, how the addition of a specific concentration of EPI affects the change in optical density of the bacterial suspension over time was investigated in a bioreactor. The results confirm that the addition of EPI to the medium changes the characteristics of the growth curve, in particular the logarithmic phase. Digital holotomography was used to investigate EPI-induced changes in bacterial cluster growth dynamics. Median RI values of bacterial cells, volume of structures and dry mass were analyzed. Significant changes in the characteristics of clusters development on agar medium were observed between groups, including lack of cluster development, slowing of divisions, and elongation of cells. This study showed that palmatine, berberine, and curcumin could be promising substances for antimicrobial therapy, also as a component of combination therapy. In addition, they can find applications as preservatives used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 121378"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of the cytokinin metabolic spectrum and morphogenesis in Quercus robur (L.) in vitro by exogenous cytokinins and activated charcoal","authors":"João Paulo Rodrigues Martins ,&nbsp;Mikołaj Krzysztof Wawrzyniak ,&nbsp;Juan Manuel Ley-López ,&nbsp;Marcel Merlo Mendes ,&nbsp;Amir Mohammad Mokhtari ,&nbsp;Paweł Chmielarz","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The large-scale <em>in vitro</em> propagation of <em>Quercus robur</em> requires exogenous cytokinins (CKs); however, this process can cause physiological changes such as tissue and medium oxidation. Activated charcoal (AC) is often used to mitigate these effects. This study evaluated the <em>de novo</em> regenerative capacity, morphophysiological responses, and hormonal status of <em>Q. robur</em> shoots exposed to aromatic CKs—6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and meta-topolin (mT)—either alone or in combination with AC. Shoots were cultured with four concentrations of BAP or mT (0, 2, 4, and 8 μM) and two AC concentrations (0 or 2 g L⁻¹) for 40 days, followed by morphophysiological and CK metabolic analyses. In the absence of AC, new shoots formed in media supplemented with CKs, whereas the H₂O₂ content was lower in CK-treated plants, regardless of the presence of AC. The presence of AC altered the morphogenetic response, promoting rooting even under BAP or mT exposure. Root formation was observed when CKs were absent (0 µM BAP or mT) and/or when 2 g L⁻¹ AC was added, irrespective of the CK concentration. The plants grown with AC presented increased levels of <em>trans</em>-zeatin (tZ) and its derivatives. In contrast, BAP-treated plants without AC accumulated N⁶-benzyladenine (BA) derivatives, although excess BA was converted into inactive forms. The anatomical status of the leaves affects the performance of the photosynthetic apparatus. Both BAP and mT effectively induced <em>de novo</em> shoot regeneration in <em>Q. robur in vitro</em>. However, AC inhibited BA-type CK accumulation while promoting <em>t</em>Z-type accumulation, highlighting its regulatory role in CK metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 121362"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in bioactive and aroma compounds in flower elderberry as affected by innovative drying method","authors":"Natalia Pachura ,&nbsp;Mohsen Gavahian ,&nbsp;Klaudiusz Jałoszyński ,&nbsp;Mariusz Surma ,&nbsp;Antoni Szumny","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Elderberry (<em>Sambucus nigra</em>) flowers are a rich source of flavonoids, polyphenols, higher terpenoids, sterols, essential oils and fatty acids, widely used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. However, the effect of drying method on the composition of essential oils remained unexplored. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of different drying methods (convective drying, vacuum microwave drying, microwave convective drying, vacuum drying and freeze drying) on the content and profile of the bioactive compounds mentioned above. The analytical method used in the study was validated for accuracy, precision and repeatability, ensure results reliability. Concerning volatile compounds, the importance of defining targeted compounds was highlighted, since the studied groups of volatile compounds show different relationships in the context of the drying methods. The highest retention on volatiles was obtained in microwave-convection drying in variants 60°C+ 360 W and 40°C+ 120 W. Highest volatile loses (58 %) where observed in freeze-drying process, identifying this drying method as the most unsitable method in terms of extraction yield. Predominated polyphenolic compounds where 3,5-<em>O</em>-dicaffeoylquinic acid, chlorogenic acid and rutin. Polyphenols, flavonoids and sterols contents remained stable at lower temperatures, while the fatty acid profile, dominated by palmitic, linoleic and α-linolenic acids, remained relatively constant regardless of the drying method used. Across all drying conditions, no significant quantitative or qualitative alterations were observed in polyphenols, sterols, triterpenoids, or fatty acids. The high stability of non-volatile bioactive compounds across all drying methods underscores the potential of elderberry flowers as a valuable raw material for applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Among the tested techniques, convective drying at moderate temperature and low-power vacuum-microwave drying proved to be the most effective in preserving both non-volatile and selected volatile constituents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 121352"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing poplar biotechnology: Genetic transformation and CRISPR/Cas strategies","authors":"Meiling Ming ,&nbsp;Qian Liu ,&nbsp;Juan Zhang ,&nbsp;Anqi Zhao ,&nbsp;Mulin Yi ,&nbsp;Fuliang Cao ,&nbsp;Liangjiao Xue ,&nbsp;Gen Li ,&nbsp;Tingting Dai ,&nbsp;Fangfang Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the huge economic, ecological, and social benefits, poplar (<em>Populus</em>) is the most widely distributed woody plant species in many countries. Precision breeding of fast-growing, high-quality, and stress-resistant poplar varieties represents a critical direction for advancing both theoretical frameworks and technical innovations in poplar genetic improvement. CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome engineering, as a cornerstone of modern biotechnology, has emerged as a transformative tool to accelerate breeding cycles and enhance efficiency in forest tree improvement. However, most native species and commercially cultivated varieties still lack robust and optimized protocols for plant transformation and genome engineering. This comprehensive review synthesizes existing research to systematically categorize key methodologies and factors that determine efficiency of genetic transformation systems, including transient and stable transformation, as well as CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome engineering approaches such as genome editing, base editing, prime editing, and transcriptional regulation across diverse poplar genotypes. By providing foundational insights into optimizing the breeding efficiency of elite poplar cultivars, we highlight emerging opportunities for precise genetic modifications in this ecologically and economically vital perennial tree species, as well as other recalcitrant woody species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 121350"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sustainable method for the preparation of durable, biologically non-toxic anti-mildew bamboo","authors":"Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Jinhai Guo ,&nbsp;Tiancheng Yuan ,&nbsp;Rui Huang ,&nbsp;Yanjun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Moso bamboo possesses the features of fast growth, high mechanical strength and environmental friendliness, but its application is limited due to its susceptibility to fungal infection. In contrast, the reported anti-mildew strategies have the technical bottleneck of easy loss and high toxicity of anti-mildew agents. This work shows an efficient strategy for obtaining a stable, biological, non-toxic anti-mildew bamboo. Selective oxidation methods were used to obtain dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) on the bamboo surface, to achieve dialdehyde groups, which were efficient for anti-fungal infection. The modified bamboo's micro-structure, anti-mildew, stability and cytotoxicity were investigated by setting the ratios of NaIO₄ to bamboo. The optimal mildew resistance achieved when the ratio of NaIO₄ to bamboo was 5 % (B@5 %), displaying a durable anti-mildew performance, of which the <em>Aspergillus niger</em> control efficiency of 100 % after 30 days of anti-mildew test. The B@5 % can resist 200 times of mechanical friction and maintain 50 % anti-mildew efficiency, showing excellent chemical stability under different pH conditions. More importantly, B@5 % has no toxic damage to cells in vitro. The above outstanding properties show that the modified bamboo has great potential in industrial and food-grade mildew-proof bamboo.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 121325"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}