Infectious Disease Reports最新文献

{"title":"Severe Anaplasmosis with Multi-Organ Failure in a Patient with Splenectomy: A Case Report.","authors":"Nithin Karnan, Predrag Jancic, Igor Dumic, Emeka Amadi, Vishnu Kommineni, Jelena Stojsavljevic, Aryan Shiari, Melissa Hart, Ra'ed Jabr, Charles W Nordstrom","doi":"10.3390/idr17020038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/idr17020038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> is an emerging tick-borne zoonotic pathogen that typically causes mild infections, which are often successfully managed in outpatient settings. Immunosuppression associated with splenectomy is a well-documented risk factor for severe infections from pathogens such as <i>Babesia microti</i> and encapsulated bacteria. However, splenectomy has not previously been identified as a risk factor for severe anaplasmosis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>This report describes a rare case of severe anaplasmosis complicated by multiorgan failure in a patient who had undergone splenectomy several decades earlier. The clinical course was notable for pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute kidney injury, rhabdomyolysis, atrial fibrillation, and possible myocarditis. Despite the severity of the presentation, prompt initiation of doxycycline led to recovery, albeit with a significantly prolonged hospital stay.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with splenectomy might be more likely to develop a serious form of <i>Anaplasmosis</i> infection such as multiorgan failure. Clinicians in tick-borne endemic areas should be aware that non-specific symptoms can indicate anaplasmosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13579,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease Reports","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Landscape of Infection-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension.","authors":"Ghazwan Butrous","doi":"10.3390/idr17020035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/idr17020035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction</b>: Infectious diseases significantly impact pulmonary vascular disorders, particularly in developing countries where parasitic infections remain prevalent. These infections constitute a substantial yet frequently overlooked contributor to pulmonary hypertension. <b>Discussion</b>: This review examines the prevalence of parasitic lung diseases in regions where communicable infections are endemic and highlights their pathophysiological links to pulmonary hypertension. Schistosomiasis and HIV notably increase pulmonary hypertension risk in these areas. While other infectious diseases may also cause pulmonary vascular lesions, most remain insufficiently studied. The review addresses global epidemiological trends, diagnostic challenges, and recent advancements in understanding the multifaceted origins of pulmonary hypertension. <b>Conclusion</b>: The association between parasitic infections and pulmonary hypertension is significant, necessitating a high index of suspicion for pulmonary hypertension in patients with a history of parasitic diseases, especially in endemic regions. More research is needed to understand infection-related pulmonary hypertension mechanisms and reduce its global impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":13579,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease Reports","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal Neurologic and Motor Function in Newborns Treated for Congenital Syphilis.","authors":"Bruna Silva, Luciana Friedrich, Graziela Biazus, Renata Bueno, Carla Almeida","doi":"10.3390/idr17020034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/idr17020034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Congenital syphilis (CS) is a transplacental infection that can lead to many long-term sequelae when not adequately treated; however, knowledge about the motor and neurological signs that newborns (NBs) with CS may present is scarce. <b>Objective:</b> The aim of this study was to describe the results of neurological assessment scales and general movements in NBs with CS in the first days of life. <b>Methods:</b> In this case-series, the Hammersmith Neonatal Neurological Examination (HNNE) and General Movements Assessment (GMA) scales were used to evaluate NBs under treatment for CS in a public Brazilian hospital in the first days of life. <b>Results:</b> The sample consisted of 11 NBs, with a mean birth weight of 3140.5 g, and an Apgar score at 5 min of 8.3. Among the 11 mothers, 4 (36.4%) had fewer than six prenatal visits and 5 (45.5%) did not receive any syphilis treatment. All NB (100%) were asymptomatic, with normal long bone X-rays and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. The mean score on the HNNE was 22 (suboptimal/abnormal). Eight NBs (72.7%) showed abnormalities on GMA scale (with six [54.5%] being mildly abnormal and two [18%] definitely abnormal). Only three NBs (27.3%) returned for outpatient follow-up. <b>Conclusions:</b> Neurological and motor evaluations were abnormal in most of the asymptomatic NBs under treatment for CS in the first days of life, when assessed through specific scales (HNNE and GMA). Most mothers did not receive adequate treatment for syphilis during pregnancy, and there were important deficiencies in post-discharge follow-up. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and investigate whether the observed abnormalities are linked to biological or environmental factors during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13579,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease Reports","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Convergent Mechanisms in Virus-Induced Cancers: A Perspective on Classical Viruses, SARS-CoV-2, and AI-Driven Solutions.","authors":"Thorsten Rudroff","doi":"10.3390/idr17020033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/idr17020033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This perspective examines the potential oncogenic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 through comparative analysis with established cancer-causing viruses, integrating classical virological approaches with artificial intelligence (AI)-driven analysis. The paper explores four key themes: shared oncogenic mechanisms between classical viruses and SARS-CoV-2 (including cell cycle dysregulation, inflammatory signaling, immune evasion, and metabolic reprogramming); the application of AI in understanding viral oncogenesis; the integration of neuroimaging evidence; and future research directions. The author presents novel hypotheses regarding SARS-CoV-2's potential oncogenic mechanisms, supported by recent PET/FDG imaging studies showing persistent metabolic alterations. The manuscript emphasizes the transformative potential of combining traditional virological methods with advanced AI technologies for better understanding and preventing virus-induced cancers, while highlighting the importance of long-term monitoring of COVID-19 survivors for potential oncogenic developments.</p>","PeriodicalId":13579,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease Reports","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12027309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Global Burden of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> Infections, 2016-2024: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Rachel A A Akorful, Alex Odoom, Aaron Awere-Duodu, Eric S Donkor","doi":"10.3390/idr17020031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/idr17020031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection (CDI) is a major cause of healthcare-associated infections globally. Understanding variations in CDI incidence and outcomes across settings, populations, and regions is important for guiding prevention strategies. <b>Aim</b>: The aim of this study was to determine the global epidemiology of CDI to better understand disease burden across settings and geographic regions. <b>Methods</b>: Relevant publications were identified through searches of major databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, published from 1 January 2016 through 24 July 2024. Random effects models were used to pool estimates, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. <b>Results</b>: A total of 59 studies, representing 24 countries across North America, Europe, the Asia-Pacific region, Latin America, and the Middle East, met the inclusion criteria. The incidence of CDI was highest in hospital-onset healthcare facility settings, with 5.31 cases/1000 admissions (95% CI 3.76-7.12) and 5.00 cases/10,000 patient-days (95% CI 3.96-6.15). Long-term care facilities reported 44.24 cases/10,000 patient-days (95% CI 39.57-49.17). Pediatric populations faced a greater risk, with 4.52 cases/1000 admissions (95% CI 0.55-12.17), than adults did at 2.13 (95% CI 1.69-2.61). Recurrence rates were highest for community-acquired CDI at 16.22%. The death rates for the CDI cases tracked for 30 days and of unspecified duration were 8.32% and 16.05%, respectively. <b>Conclusions</b>: This comprehensive review identified healthcare facilities, long-term care, pediatric populations, and North America as disproportionately burdened. This finding provides guidance on priority areas and populations for targeted prevention through antimicrobial stewardship, infection control, and surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":13579,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease Reports","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sickle Cell Disease and Antimicrobial Resistance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Bismark Opoku-Asare, Onyansaniba K Ntim, Aaron Awere-Duodu, Eric S Donkor","doi":"10.3390/idr17020032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/idr17020032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is increasingly rising due to antimicrobial overuse and misuse. In sickle cell disease (SCD) care, frequent antibiotic use drives the rapid emergence of AMR, threatening treatment options and patient lives. This systematic review synthesizes data on AMR with regard to SCD patients for the first time. <b>Methods</b>: A comprehensive database search for articles published in English was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science, with no restriction set for the year of publication. The DerSimonian-Laird method was applied to derive the pooled prevalence, while the Mantel-Haenszel method was used to calculate the pooled odds ratio. <b>Results</b>: A total of 18 eligible studies covering 3220 SCD patients published between 1996 and 2024 were included in this review. The common bacterial pathogens reported in the included studies were <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (10 studies), <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (10 studies), and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (4 studies). For <i>S. aureus</i>, the pooled resistance was highest for penicillins (ampicillin = 100%; penicillin = 93.64%; and amoxicillin = 77.82%) followed by cefuroxime (51.23%). The pooled prevalence of methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA) was 19.30%. SCD patients had 2.89 and 2.47 times higher odds of being colonized or infected with penicillin-resistant and erythromycin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> strains, respectively. For <i>S. pneumoniae</i>, resistance prevalence was highest for co-trimoxazole (81.1%), followed by penicillin (47.08%). The pooled prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>S. pneumoniae</i> isolates was 32.12%. The majority of the studies included (<i>n</i> = 14, 77.8%) were of moderate quality according to the modified STROBE checklist. <b>Conclusions</b>: This review reveals a high prevalence of AMR with regard to SCD patients. SCD patients have an increased risk of resistance to penicillin and co-trimoxazole across several bacterial pathogens. The limited geographical distribution of the included studies underscores the urgent need for expanded AMR research on the subject, especially in regions with high SCD burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":13579,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease Reports","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Fusobacterium</i> Species in Osteoarticular Infections in Childhood-A Systematic Review with Data Synthesis and a Case Series in the Acetabular and Hip Joint Regions.","authors":"Heide Delbrück, Silvia Schröder, Tom Stapper, Sabine Schacht, Angeliki Pappa, Frank Hildebrand, Miriam Katharina Hertwig","doi":"10.3390/idr17020030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/idr17020030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: In paediatric osteoarticular infections, microorganism detection is unsuccessful in up to 55% of cases, which is not satisfactory for targeted antibiotic therapy. In particular, anaerobic fusobacteria may be underdiagnosed owing to a lack of knowledge about their properties. <b>Methods</b>: Based on three of our own cases and a systematic literature review regarding paediatric osteoarticular fusobacterial infections, we extracted characteristic variables and synthesised them in terms of frequencies and mean comparisons. We followed the CARE and PRISMA guidelines. <b>Results</b>: In our three patients with hip area infections (aged 11, 12, and 16 years; two males and one female; two with <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i> [FNU] and one with <i>Fusobacterium necrophorum</i> [FNE]), we only detected FNU with PCR. The patient with an FNE infection showed a septic and protracted course with six surgical interventions and secondary coxarthrosis during the follow-up. The FNU infections were milder and healed without sequelae. In the literature, there are no articles with more than 3 cases; overall, we identified 38 case reports and 3 case series with a total of 45 patients. Across all synthesised cases (73% boys), the age was 9.2 ± 4.1 years. Most patients (42%) were affected by hip joint arthritis, with or without accompanying acetabular or femoral osteomyelitis, followed by knee joint arthritis, with or without osteomyelitis, in 24% of patients. In 49% of cases, there was an ear, nose, and throat focus. Depending on the affected structure, arthrotomy (33%), arthroscopy (11%), bone (24%), and soft tissue (9%) debridement were performed, with 34% of the procedures having to be performed several times. Penicillins, metronidazole, and clindamycin were the most used antibiotics. In 32 cases (71%), the authors reported healing without sequelae. <b>Conclusions</b>: When samples are collected in the operating theatre for paediatric osteoarticular infections, orthopaedic surgeons should also ensure correct anaerobic sampling and consider the possibility of performing PCR. A typical child with an osteoarticular fusobacterial infection is a boy of approximately 10 years of age with an infection in the hip area and a previous infection in the ENT area.</p>","PeriodicalId":13579,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease Reports","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usual Interstitial Pneumonia Pattern and Mycobacteria Lung Diseases: A Case Series.","authors":"Maria Angela Licata, Giorgio Monteleone, Enrico Schiavi, Maria Musso, Paola Mencarini, Annelisa Mastrobattista, Serena Maria Carli, Carlotta Cerva, Giacomo Sgalla, Luca Richeldi, Fabrizio Palmieri, Gina Gualano","doi":"10.3390/idr17020028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/idr17020028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a heterogeneous group of conditions that can cause fibrosis of the lung interstitium, resulting in respiratory failure and death. Patients with an ILD, particularly idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) or connective tissue disease-associated ILDs (CTD-ILDs), are prone to develop chronic pulmonary infections such as tuberculosis (TB) and non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case series examines the management of three ILD patients with a usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern and concomitant NTM-PD or TB at National Institute for Infectious Diseases \"Lazzaro Spallanzani\" in Rome, Italy, over three years (2019-2022).</p><p><strong>Results and conclusions: </strong>Multi-disciplinary discussion (MDD) was crucial to define the therapeutic approach due to the increased risk of side effects and drug interactions. Our work underscored how a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, enriched by MDD, is useful for optimizing the management and reducing drug-related adverse effects and interactions in ILD patients with cavitary lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13579,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease Reports","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Year Analysis of Respiratory Viral Dynamics Reveals Significance of Rhinovirus in Young Children with Severe Respiratory Illness.","authors":"Juan Raphael Caldera, Tawny Saleh, Trevon Fuller, Shangxin Yang, Karin Nielsen-Saines","doi":"10.3390/idr17020029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/idr17020029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b>: We aimed to analyze the landscape of viral respiratory illnesses (VRIs) in a large metropolitan area in Southern California with a focus on the COVID-19 pandemic. <b>Methods</b>: We conducted a retrospective cohort study within the UCLA Health System, which evaluated children aged 0-5 years who received comprehensive respiratory viral panel (cRVP) testing during August-February of 2018-2023. The patient demographics, disease severity, and clinical course were specifically compared during the pandemic. Predictors of significant VRI were determined by multivariate logistic regression. <b>Results</b>: A total of 1321 children underwent cRVP testing, and 753 positive subjects were identified during the study period. Rhinovirus (RV) was by far the most frequent virus detected across 5 years, even during the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Along with RSV and human metapneumovirus, RV was identified as an independent risk for significant disease and occurred irrespective of co-infection with other viruses. <b>Conclusions</b>: RV was the most common viral pathogen in young children, even during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, and was an independent driver of moderate-to-severe disease, particularly in children with comorbidities. Ethnic disparities were also observed as a risk for significant disease, underscoring the need for targeted interventions and heightened clinical vigilance in pediatric populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13579,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease Reports","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective Management of a Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Caused by Community-Acquired MRSA Through Triple-Targeted Therapy Along with Aggressive Source Control: A Case Report.","authors":"Matteo Laratta, Stefano Agliardi, Matteo Sola, Stefano Spina, Roberto Fumagalli","doi":"10.3390/idr17020027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/idr17020027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) is a significant cause of healthcare-associated infections in Europe. It has become increasingly prevalent in community settings, causing skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). Managing community-acquired (CA) MRSA infections is challenging due to its high virulence and resistance to common antibiotics, and prevention outside the hospital setting is complex. Combination therapy has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of severe MRSA infections. Furthermore, surgical source control is critical in treating CA-MRSA infections, involving removing the primary infection site to interrupt bacterial replication. Timeliness and a correct surgical approach are essential for successful treatment outcomes and improved quality of life. <b>Methods:</b> This report details the case of a 15-year-old athlete who was admitted to the intensive care unit with septic shock caused by CA-MRSA. <b>Results:</b> Despite initial treatment, his condition rapidly worsened. A computed tomography (CT) scan identified multiple abscesses (in the lungs, limbs, thyroid, and subscapular region) along with other complications. To achieve adequate tissue concentrations at all affected sites, a triple-targeted antimicrobial therapy was initiated and adjusted based on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). At the same time, daily surgical debridement was performed. The patient responded significantly to this treatment, and blood cultures eventually returned negative. <b>Conclusions:</b> A multidisciplinary approach involving early source control, tailored antimicrobial therapy, and, if monotherapy fails to control infection, combination therapy is advisable to treat life-threatening CA-MRSA infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":13579,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Disease Reports","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12026867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}