Infectious diseases now最新文献

{"title":"Identification of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae reservoirs in wet hospital environments as a potential factor in patient acquisition: A cross-sectional study in a French university hospital in 2023","authors":"Léna Sleiman ,&nbsp;Cédric Dananché ,&nbsp;Sophie Gardes ,&nbsp;Isabelle Fredenucci ,&nbsp;Camille Duval ,&nbsp;Isabelle Durieu ,&nbsp;Fabien Zoulim ,&nbsp;Philippe Vanhems ,&nbsp;Pierre Cassier ,&nbsp;Christelle Elias","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Wet hospital environments have been documented as potential reservoirs for Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE), possibly contributing to outbreaks among inpatients. Our objectives were to assess the prevalence of CPE reservoirs in a hospital’s wet environments and to investigate the contamination of adjacent dry surfaces.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>From March to August 2023, we conducted a cross-sectional study in two hospital wards experiencing ongoing large outbreaks. Sampling of the environment was undertaken in two distinct phases. During phase 1, 38 shower drains and 38 toilet bowls, defined as the wet environment, were sampled using swabs. Phase 2 consisted in sampling adjacent dry surfaces, using wipes in rooms that had tested positive during phase 1. Samples were plated on a selective medium (chromID®CARBASMART, bioMérieux). Species were identified using the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) technique. Carbapenemases were detected by OKNVI RESIST-5® (CORIS BioConcept).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From the 38 patient rooms, 76 samples were taken during phase 1. All in all, 33 (86.8%) rooms presented at least one CPE reservoir in the wet environment; there were 32 (84.2%) contaminated shower drains and six (15.8%) contaminated toilet bowls. Among 57 identified CPEs, the most frequent strain was <em>Enterobacter cloacae</em> VIM (13, 22.8%). During phase 2, 11 (8.3%) out of 132 samples tested positive for CPE. <em>Enterobacter cloacae complex</em> VIM accounted for six (54.5%) of the CPE strains.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that the wet hospital environments were broadly contaminated with CPE, mostly <em>Enterobacter cloacae</em> VIM. The spread of CPE from wet environments to dry surfaces seemed limited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"54 8","pages":"Article 104998"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic shortages","authors":"Robert Cohen,&nbsp;Remy Gauzit,&nbsp;Jean Paul Stahl","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104997","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"54 8","pages":"Article 104997"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142499564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual detection of Neoehrlichia mikurensis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum: How biplex PCR led in France to the diagnosis of neoehrlichiosis in post-tick bite fever","authors":"Martin Martinot ,&nbsp;Marc Astrie ,&nbsp;Mahsa. Mohseni-Zadeh ,&nbsp;Dominique De Briel ,&nbsp;Benoit Jaulhac ,&nbsp;Pierre Boyer","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><em>Neoehrlichia</em> mikurensis (NM) is an emerging intracellular bacterium member of the <em>Anaplasmatacecae</em> family. So far, only four cases have been described in France, all of them retrospectively.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study describes two new cases of NM discovered following implementation of a biplex PCR targeting both <em>Anaplasma</em> and NM.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Two immunocompetent patients developed a flu-like illness within 14 days after an identified tick bite. Both had negative <em>Anaplasma</em> PCR, but by using this biplex PCR NM, infection was diagnosed in both cases. One patient recovered spontaneously while the second was successfully treated by a seven-day course of doxycycline.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Present in Eastern France, NM is underdiagnosed. Biplex PCR screening of NM with <em>A.<!--> <!-->phagocytophilum</em> could effectively address this issue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"54 8","pages":"Article 104995"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clostridium symbiosum: A novel pathogen causing central nervous system infections in encephalitis patients","authors":"Jinhua Zhang ,&nbsp;Bei Wang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Yao ,&nbsp;Yueru Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104996","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"54 8","pages":"Article 104996"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in early HIV/AIDS mortality rates in people initiating antiretroviral treatment between 2013 and 2023: A 10-year multicenter survival study in Senegal","authors":"Bruce Shinga Wembulua ,&nbsp;Viviane Marie Pierre Cisse ,&nbsp;Daye Ka ,&nbsp;Ndeye Fatou Ngom ,&nbsp;Ahmadou Mboup ,&nbsp;Ibrahima Diao ,&nbsp;Aminata Massaly ,&nbsp;Catherine Sarr ,&nbsp;Kalilou Diallo ,&nbsp;Mouhamadou Baïla Diallo ,&nbsp;Moustapha Diop ,&nbsp;Papa Samba Ba ,&nbsp;Noël Magloire Manga ,&nbsp;Stanislas Okitotsho Wembonyama ,&nbsp;Zacharie Kibendelwa Tsongo ,&nbsp;Moussa Seydi","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>HIV/AIDS-related early mortality has long been a significant challenge. Subsequent to recent policy changes and treatment advancements, we aimed to assess changes in early mortality rates in 2017–19 and 2020-23 compared to 2013–16.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a 10-year multicenter survival study in people living with human immunodeficiency virus having initiated ART between 2013 and 2023. We used frailty-based competing risk models to estimate adjusted early (6-month and one-year) mortality hazard ratios (HRs) in people living with HIV (PwHIV) having initiated ART in 2013–16 (comparator), 2017–19, and 2020–23.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We enrolled 4006 persons of whom 2281 (56.9 %) were female; median age was 40 years (IQR: 31–50); 635 (15.9 %) were at WHO clinical stage IV and 934 (23.3 %) had a CD4 count &lt;200 cells/mm³. Median follow-up was 80.4 months (IQR: 48.6–106.7). All in all, 463 participants died (4.37 deaths per 100 person-years), including 296 at one year of follow-up (7.4 % [95 % CI: 6.6–8.2]). ART initiation in 2016–19 and 2020–23 was associated with 27 % (adjusted HR [aHR]: 0.73; 95 % CI: 0.55–0.98) and 63 % (aHR: 0.37; 95 % CI: 0.25–0.56) reductions in one-year mortality rates, respectively, compared to the 2013–16 period.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Early mortality risk has significantly decreased over time in Senegal. However, the proportion of PwHIV with AIDS-defining conditions remains concerning. Continued efforts to ensure early diagnosis and prompt linkage to care are needed for more impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"54 8","pages":"Article 104990"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The emergence of streptococcal epiglottitis in adults amid Increasing iGAS cases","authors":"Giorgos Sideris,&nbsp;Evangelos Panagoulis,&nbsp;Nikolaos Papadimitriou,&nbsp;Petros Vlastarakos,&nbsp;Alexander Delides","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104991","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104991","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"54 8","pages":"Article 104991"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of low-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment in patients with non-HIV pneumocystis pneumonia: A nationwide Japanese retrospective cohort study","authors":"Jumpei Taniguchi ,&nbsp;Shotaro Aso ,&nbsp;Taisuke Jo ,&nbsp;Hiroki Matsui ,&nbsp;Kiyohide Fushimi ,&nbsp;Hideo Yasunaga","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Low-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) may be a treatment option for patients with <em>Pneumocystis jirovecii</em> pneumonia (PCP). However, its effectiveness in patients without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has yet to be thoroughly investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study used data extracted from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database. We included immunocompromised patients without HIV having been diagnosed with PCP and had started TMP-SMX treatment between July 2010 and March 2022. We divided eligible patients into conventional-dose (15.0–20.0 mg/kg/d) and low-dose (7.5–15.0 mg/kg/d) groups and performed propensity-score overlap-weighting analysis. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality rate. Secondary outcomes were completion of the initial treatment and use of alternatives to TMP-SMX for PCP treatment during hospitalization.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 4449 eligible patients, 1682 (37.8 %) and 2767 (62.2 %) received conventional- and low-dose TMP-SMX treatments, respectively. No significant difference was observed in in-hospital mortality (risk difference, −1.4 %; 95 % CI, −4.5–1.7 %; <em>P</em> = 0.388). Low-dose TMP-SMX was associated with increased completion of initial treatment (risk difference, 4.6 %; 95 % CI, 2.3–6.9 %; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and reduced use of alternative agents (risk difference, −4.0 %; 95 % CI, −7.4 to −0.6 %; <em>P</em> = 0.020).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Low-dose TMP-SMX may be a treatment option for patients with non-HIV PCP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"54 8","pages":"Article 104992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of [18F] FDG PET/CT on outcomes in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: A retrospective single-center experience","authors":"Sébastien Briol ,&nbsp;Olivier Gheysens ,&nbsp;François Jamar ,&nbsp;Halil Yildiz ,&nbsp;Julien De Greef ,&nbsp;Jean Cyr Yombi ,&nbsp;Alexia Verroken ,&nbsp;Leïla Belkhir","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div><em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> bacteremia (SAB) is a leading cause of community and hospital-acquired bacteremia with significant morbidity and mortality. Effective management depends on accurate diagnosis, source control and assessment of metastatic infections. [¹⁸F] FDG PET/CT has been shown to reduce mortality in high-risk SAB patients. This study aims to evaluate the impact of [¹⁸F] FDG PET/CT on outcomes in patients with SAB.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>S</em>ingle-center, retrospective, real-life setting study including all consecutive SAB cases from 2017 to 2019. Medical records were analyzed to collect information.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of the 315 included patients, 132 underwent [¹⁸F] FDG PET/CT. In those patients, a clear focus of infection was more frequently identified, leading to better adapted treatments and extended hospital stays. Overall mortality rates at 30 days, 90 days and one year were 25.1 %, 36.8 % and 44.8 % respectively. Mortality was significantly lower in the [¹⁸F] FDG PET/CT group (p &lt; 0.0001) and persisted (p &lt; 0.05) after adjusting for imbalances between groups regarding oncologic patients and deaths within 7 days. The difference in mortality remained significant irrespective of prolonged bacteremia but was not significant with regard to hospital-acquired SAB. Supplementary analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model confirmed that [¹⁸F] FDG PET/CT was significantly associated with reduced mortality (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this real-life cohort, patients with SAB having undergone [¹⁸F] FDG PET/CT experienced lower mortality rates, highlighting the additional value of [¹⁸F] FDG PET/CT in SAB management. Further research is needed to identify the subpopulations that would benefit most from the integration of [¹⁸F] FDG PET/CT in their work-up.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"54 7","pages":"Article 104977"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142286097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of life and therapeutic adherence in patients treated for an orthopedic hardware infection: A prospective observational study","authors":"Baptiste Derosais ,&nbsp;Agathe Couturaud ,&nbsp;Elise Fiaux ,&nbsp;Abdeljalil Zeggay ,&nbsp;Thibaut Sabatier ,&nbsp;Annaelle Soubieux ,&nbsp;Franck Dujardin ,&nbsp;Jonathan Curado","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>In France, hardware infections occur in 1% of patients following orthopedic surgery. The study aimed to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) and adherence to antibiotic therapy of patients with an orthopedic hardware infection in the postoperative period.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>A prospective observational study was conducted at Rouen University Hospital from May 2022 to May 2023. QoL was evaluated using the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and therapeutic adherence using the Girerd questionnaire. These forms were filled out by patients during routine follow-up visits at 6- and 12-week follow-up. A cohort of patients with a non-hardware infection was constituted to compare cases and controls. They were paired according to age, sex, and site of index surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seventy-nine patients were enrolled as cases and 158 patients as controls. At six weeks and at 12 weeks, significant decreases were observed in 8/8 and 4/8 sub scores of SF-36, respectively (p &lt; 0.05).</div><div>Among patients discharged to their homes, at 12 weeks, 30.4 % of patients reported high therapeutic adherence compared to 66.7 % of patients discharged to postoperative care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients treated for postoperative hardware infections following orthopedic surgery reported a significant decrease in QoL and lower therapeutic adherence, particularly when discharged to their homes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"54 7","pages":"Article 104976"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142260297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case series of intermittent nucleoside analogue-based (NA) regimen to maintain HBV virological suppression in coinfected HBV/HIV patients with suppressed viremia","authors":"S. Seang ,&nbsp;P. Detruchis ,&nbsp;E. Todesco ,&nbsp;M-A. Valantin ,&nbsp;L. Schneider ,&nbsp;R. Palich ,&nbsp;G. Peytavin ,&nbsp;V. Pourcher ,&nbsp;A-G. Marcelin ,&nbsp;C. Katlama","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2024.104980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe the efficacy of intermittent nucleoside analogue-based (NA) regimen to maintain HBV virological suppression in HBV/HIV-1 patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Conducted between 2014 and 2023, this observational retrospective study included all HBV (positive AgHbs)/HIV-1 coinfected patients with HIV RNA ≤ 50 cp/mL and HBV DNA ≤ 25 UI/mL who were switched to an intermittent (&lt;7/7 days(D)) TDF or TAF-containing antiretroviral (ART) regimen. The primary outcome was the HBV virological success rate (SR) (proportion of patients with HBV pVL &lt; 25 UI/mL) at W48.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 501 HBV/HIV-1 patients, 19(3.7 %) had switched to an intermittent NA-containing regimen that included TDF/FTC or TDF/3TC or TAF/FTC or TDF alone administered 5D-a-week(n = 7), 4D-a-week(n = 7) or 3D-a-week(n = 5). HBV virological success rates were 100 % [95 %CI 82.3–100] and 100 %[95 %CI 80.5–100] at W48 and W96(n = 17), respectively; with no viral HBV or HIV rebound (61.8 months (32.4–70.3) of follow-up).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This case series shows the potential for intermittent NA-containing regimens to maintain long-term control of HBV replication among suppressed HBV/HIV-1 patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"54 7","pages":"Article 104980"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}