Indoor air最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic Airflow Patterns and Directional Effects on Human Thermal Comfort: Evidence From a Controlled Chamber Study","authors":"Bezoun Deborah Dembele,&nbsp;Min Wang,&nbsp;Shengyu Liu,&nbsp;Shilin Ming,&nbsp;V. Vishnupriya,&nbsp;Fèlix Faming Wang,&nbsp;Xiong Shen","doi":"10.1155/ina/2278384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/2278384","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite growing interest in airflow-based cooling, the combined effects of airflow mode and discharge angle on human thermal comfort remain systematically unexplored, particularly under hot–humid conditions. This study presents a controlled chamber investigation that jointly examines airflow mode and discharge angle within a unified experimental framework, directly comparing fan-assisted ventilation against still-air and actively cooled baselines. Twenty-six participants were exposed to constant, sinusoidal, intermittent, and oscillating airflow patterns at discharge angles of 45°, 65°, and 90° under three environmental conditions: air-conditioned (AC), mechanically ventilated (MV), and a warm still-air control group (CG). Subjective responses—thermal sensation vote (TSV), thermal preference, thermal acceptability, and thermal satisfaction—were collected and compared against objective predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD) metrics. Results showed that air-conditioning yielded the highest thermal satisfaction, while mechanical ventilation improved airflow perception without a commensurate gain in overall comfort. Within the AC condition, the 65° discharge angle combined with oscillating airflow was associated with relatively higher satisfaction responses, whereas 90° horizontal airflow provided more uniform but less preferred cooling. Dynamic airflow patterns influenced TSV but did not reliably enhance overall satisfaction across all configurations. Notably, PMV and PPD showed limited agreement with subjective satisfaction, acceptability, and airflow preference under dynamic ventilation, despite moderate-to-strong correlation with TSV. This suggests that steady-state models have limitations in capturing integrative comfort responses in nonuniform airflow environments. Airflow angle and temperature preference were stronger predictors of comfort than fan speed or airflow mode alone. These findings support the integration of directional, low-frequency dynamic airflow into adaptive, energy-efficient ventilation design.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/2278384","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148386124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nocturnal Heart Rate as a Marker of Thermal Vulnerability During Sleep in Older Adults: A 30-Day Field Study","authors":"Jong-Won Lee,&nbsp;Sang Hee Park,&nbsp;Seungyoup Lee,&nbsp;Kyuman Choi,&nbsp;Hyeon-jeong Yang","doi":"10.1155/ina/2361260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/2361260","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Older adults sleep poorly when bedrooms are warm, yet they differ widely in how strongly heat disturbs their sleep, and current thermal guidelines treat them as a uniform group. Research on these individual differences has concentrated on thermal comfort, that is, subjective perception, rather than on the physiological vulnerability of sleep to heat, and no validated physiological marker yet identifies which older adults are most affected. We tested whether nocturnal heart rate (HR) could fill this gap. Environmental and noncontact radar sensors were installed in the bedrooms of 195 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 85.4 years) in Korea, and bedroom conditions and physiological signals were recorded continuously for 30 days (5369 person-nights), with a movement index quantifying sleep disturbance. The overall temperature–sleep correlation was weak (<i>r</i> = 0.07), consistent with the heterogeneity reported previously. Heart rate, however, moderated this relationship (interaction <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Among participants with an elevated heart rate (≥ 62 bpm, <i>n</i> = 44), the correlation was stronger (<i>r</i> = 0.23), and bedroom temperatures at or above 27.5°C more than doubled the risk of poor sleep (relative risk 2.21); the lower-heart-rate group showed no such pattern (<i>r</i> = −0.03). When each high-heart-rate participant was compared against their own cooler nights, the temperature effect persisted (<i>β</i> = 3.74, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), strengthening the case for a direct temperature effect within this subgroup. The heart rate cutpoint had only modest discriminative power, and the 62 bpm and 27.5°C values are exploratory rather than validated thresholds. These field data nonetheless indicate that a single, widely measurable physiological signal can help distinguish older adults whose sleep is vulnerable to bedroom heat and, if confirmed in independent cohorts, could inform thermal guidance tailored to aging populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/2361260","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148386140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Health Risks Associated With the Emission of Reactive Species During Routine Wound Treatment With a Medical Device Based on Cold Atmospheric Plasma","authors":"Jonas Liebe,&nbsp;Thomas Borchardt,&nbsp;Wolfgang Viöl,&nbsp;Shiney Franz,&nbsp;Andreas Helmke","doi":"10.1155/ina/6984181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/6984181","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) devices are increasingly used in wound therapy due to their antimicrobial and tissue-stimulating effects. However, CAP treatment generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), some of which may escape the treatment site and affect indoor air quality. The objective of this study was to assess potential health risks associated with emissions of long-lived reactive species during routine CAP wound therapy. Emission rates for ozone and nitrogen oxides were experimentally quantified for a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) CAP source operated on porcine ear tissue as a surrogate for human skin. These rates were inputted into a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to predict spatiotemporal ozone concentrations across six indoor scenarios, including single and triple inpatient rooms and a multiple outpatient setting, evaluated with and without air change rate (2 h⁻¹). Simulations covered an 8-h working day and incorporated CAP wound therapy schemes developed with healthcare professionals. Ozone was identified as the dominant long-lived species emitted during CAP operation. Measured ozone emission rates ranged from 0.14 to 1.15 <i>μ</i>g s⁻¹, which is notably lower than previously reported rates for operation against metallic surfaces. Nitrogen oxide emissions were negligible, with maximum rates roughly two orders of magnitude lower than those of ozone. CFD simulations indicated that transient ozone concentrations increased locally by up to 7.2 <i>μ</i>g m⁻³ at the medical staff position in unventilated scenarios. For 8-h exposures, the maximum CAP-induced relative increase was 3.2 <i>μ</i>g m⁻³. Absolute 8-h average ozone concentrations, which include substantial background concentrations, are expected to range from 9.8 to 41.0 <i>μ</i>g m⁻³, remaining far below the WHO guideline value of 100 <i>μ</i>g m⁻³, even under worst-case conditions. We conclude that routine CAP wound therapy poses no significant health risk to patients or medical staff, as indoor ozone levels are governed predominantly by background concentrations rather than CAP operation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/6984181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148386877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Relationship Between Particulate Matter and Bacteria at Typical Locations of HVAC System in Campus Buildings—A Case Study","authors":"Yu Zhao,&nbsp;Kangning Wang,&nbsp;Yuhan Wang,&nbsp;Chang Xiong,&nbsp;Yinqi Li,&nbsp;Zhiwen Luo,&nbsp;Hong Zheng","doi":"10.1155/ina/2851043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/2851043","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The hygiene condition of campus HVAC systems significantly affects the health of students and faculty. In this study, field measurements were conducted in the HVAC systems of a university library and office building during summer and winter. The objectives were to investigate the seasonal distribution characteristics of particulate matter (PM) and culturable bacterial concentrations in fresh-air intakes, supply-air outlets, and return-air inlets; quantify the correlation between PM and bacterial concentrations; and establish mathematical models for predicting bacterial concentrations based on PM measurements under specific seasonal and operational conditions. These models provide theoretical guidance for the precise and dynamic operation of HVAC equipment and filtration and disinfection systems. The results showed that although all indoor air bacterial concentrations complied with standard limits, the bacterial concentrations in the HVAC systems exceeded the standards at some measurement points. Specifically, 30.00% of the measurement points in the library and 16.67% of those in the office exceeded the bacterial concentration standard in summer. In winter, 33.33% of the measurement points in the office were noncompliant, whereas bacterial concentrations in the library remained below the standard. A significant positive monotonic correlation was found between bacteria and PM of different size fractions in fresh air. A prediction model for the bacterial concentration based on PM₁₀ in fresh air was established as follows: BC_<i>F</i> = 490.67 × ln(1.28 × <i>C</i>_PMF) + 98.13 <i>T</i> − 71.20 RH (<i>R</i>² = 0.84), where BC_<i>F</i> is the bacterial concentration in fresh air (CFU/m³), and <i>C</i>_PMF is the PM₁₀ concentration in fresh air (<i>μ</i>g/m³). <i>T</i> and RH are the temperature (°C) and relative humidity, respectively. A prediction equation was also established for return air in summer as follows: <span></span><math></math>+179.80 (<i>R</i>² = 0.95), where BC_<i>R</i> is the bacterial concentration in return air (CFU/m³), and C_PMR is the PM₁₀ concentration in return air (<i>μ</i>g/m³). However, no significant correlation was found for supply air. As a case study, these findings provide a theoretical reference for the design, operation, and maintenance of HVAC systems in similar campus buildings, thereby contributing to improved indoor air quality and occupant health in such environments. Furthermore, the results highlight the critical importance of the regular maintenance of HVAC systems in indoor spaces with high occupancy similar to those investigated in this study to reduce bacterial contamination and ensure a safer and healthier indoor environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/2851043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing and Combining Heterogeneous Radon Surveys for Population Exposure and Health Burden Assessment: Procedure Proposal and Application to a Case Study","authors":"Niccolò Loret,&nbsp;Francesco Bochicchio,&nbsp;Sara Antignani","doi":"10.1155/ina/9734453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/9734453","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Radon concentration data originating from different surveys can be combined for several purposes: epidemiological analyses, aimed at estimating radon-related health risks; mapping applications, intended to identify radon-prone areas; but also for population exposure assessment, by making optimal use of the information contained in the different datasets. Although individual surveys often have limited sample sizes, the increasing availability of survey radon data since the 1980s offers an opportunity to improve knowledge of radon distribution. However, this requires a robust methodology capable of comparing surveys with differing designs and objectives, and of appropriately combining their results while accounting for the specific objectives of the data combination. This paper specifically tackles the inherent challenge of comparing and subsequently combining such heterogeneous datasets in order to achieve a more comprehensive and robust assessment of population radon exposure. To this end, a step-by-step procedure designed to facilitate the combination of data from various radon surveys is proposed. A practical application of this methodology has been carried out for the city of Rome, Italy, where data originating from five distinct surveys, carried out since approximately 1990, have been compiled, compared, and (four of them) combined to obtain a better evaluation of the exposure of the population of Rome and its 12 administrative units (<i>municipi</i>). As a key outcome of this application, the study will produce a radon “expected burden” map for the different <i>municipi</i> (administrative divisions) of the city of Rome. This map will account for both the estimated radon concentration within each <i>municipio</i>—derived from the combined analysis of the diverse survey data—and the corresponding population size, thereby providing a population-weighted spatial assessment of radon exposure in the general population, crucial for evaluating health impacts and guiding mitigation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/9734453","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indoor VOC Filtration Mitigates Pulmonary Inflammation in Murine Models of Allergic Asthma and LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury","authors":"Kengo Tomita,&nbsp;Chiharu Ohira,&nbsp;Mao Kaneki,&nbsp;Yukiko Ota,&nbsp;Keiichi Yano,&nbsp;Mona Amano,&nbsp;Masaki Nagane,&nbsp;Satoshi Takagi,&nbsp;Tomoki Fukuyama","doi":"10.1155/ina/7208888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/7208888","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are ubiquitous and often within guideline ranges, yet their impact on allergic lung disease and pharmacologic responses remains unclear. We tested whether lowering VOCs attenuates lung inflammation and modifies antihistamine efficacy in murine asthma and acute lung injury (ALI) models, and related these findings to VOC levels in operating veterinary hospitals. BALB/c mice with <i>Dermatophagoides farinae</i>–induced asthma or lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI were housed in ambient, specific pathogen–free air or in the same air circulated through an activated carbon/HEPA filter that reduced supply-air VOCs to near their detection limits. Mice with asthma received fexofenadine (20 mg/kg/day, oral) or vehicle (0.5% methylcellulose in water) during allergen challenge. Lung function, histopathology, bronchoalveolar cells, Th2 cytokines, type 2 innate lymphoid cells, and dorsal root ganglion Ca²⁺ responses were measured, and total VOCs were quantified by thermal desorption–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry at five veterinary hospitals. VOC filtration significantly reduced lung injury in both models and improved oxygen saturation in animals with ALI. In those with asthma, filtration reduced eosinophilia, Th2 cytokines, type 2 innate lymphoid cells, and lymphocyte activation, and filtration combined with fexofenadine produced the greatest reductions in airway inflammation and the lowest histamine-evoked Ca²⁺ responses in dorsal root ganglion neurons isolated from these animals. VOCs amplified lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in BEAS-2B cells. Hospital VOC levels ranged from &lt; 50 to &gt; 600 <i>μ</i>g·m⁻³, overlapping with or exceeding the low-level VOC burdens observed in the animal housing experiments. Under the tested experimental conditions, reducing low-level indoor VOCs was associated with attenuated inflammatory phenotypes in both allergic asthma and ALI models, and with greater reductions in airway inflammation when combined with fexofenadine in the asthma model. These findings warrant further investigation of indoor VOC control as an adjunctive environmental strategy in clinical and veterinary settings, particularly for susceptible hosts.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/7208888","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Private Outdoor Greenery in Enhancing Indoor Air Quality, Thermal Comfort and Energy Efficiency: A Critical Review","authors":"Vali Shishebori,&nbsp;Nima Izadyar,&nbsp;Elmira Jamei,&nbsp;Keivan Bamdad,&nbsp;Mahsan Sadeghi","doi":"10.1155/ina/7318020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/7318020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Urbanisation and climate change are degrading indoor conditions by intensifying heat stress, air pollution and reliance on mechanical cooling, yet the role of private residential greenery in mitigating these effects remains insufficiently understood. This review is aimed at critically evaluating how private outdoor greenery influences indoor air quality (IAQ), thermal comfort and energy efficiency in residential buildings. A systematic screening of 3750 Scopus records identified 54 relevant studies, which were synthesised to assess design determinants, climatic sensitivity and methodological approaches. Quantitative findings indicate that private greenery can reduce indoor air temperature by 3.4°C, lower mean radiant temperature by up to 22.9°C and achieve up to 25% cooling energy savings, depending on tree placement and density. Reported magnitudes vary widely across climates, vegetation configurations and methodological approaches. However, direct empirical evidence linking private outdoor greenery to measured indoor IAQ improvements remains limited, with many IAQ-related findings inferred from pollutant deposition, ventilation interactions or outdoor air quality changes rather than direct indoor measurements. Integrated assessments of IAQ, thermal comfort and energy performance are rare in residential contexts, and design thresholds remain undefined. This review contributes a consolidated evidence base and identifies critical research directions to support climate-responsive, evidence-based residential greening strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/7318020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Everyday Exposures: Understanding How Controllable Home Environment and Air Purifier Operation Influence Indoor Microbial Burdens and ERMI in Real-World Residences","authors":"Jemima E. Ohwobete,&nbsp;James Fabisiak,&nbsp;Steven M. Albert,&nbsp;Everette James,&nbsp;Jonathan Pearlman,&nbsp;Pamala Toto,&nbsp;Sarah-Jane Haig","doi":"10.1155/ina/2408003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/2408003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Indoor microbial exposures, including pathogenic, opportunistic, and non-pathogenic fungi and bacteria, are increasingly recognized as important determinants of respiratory and immune health, yet most indoor air quality (IAQ) research emphasizes chemical pollutants and particulates over biological contaminants. To address this gap, a two-phase investigation examined how home environmental conditions (relative humidity, ventilation type, and UV exposure) and consumer-grade air purifier operation influence microbial burdens and standardized fungal risk metrics across both settled dust and respirable aerosols in real-world residences. Concentrations of total fungi, bacteria, and nontuberculous mycobacteria were quantified using droplet digital PCR, and ERMI scores were externally processed. Overall, ventilation emerged as the dominant driver of residential microbial burdens, with natural ventilation producing the highest fungal concentrations in both dust and respirable aerosols, whereas humidity and UV exposure had no measurable effects. ERMI values were highly sensitive to ventilation, explaining over 55% of observed variation, and consistently classified the study site as a high-mold environment. Purifier operation significantly reduced fungal and bacterial concentrations in settled dust but did not affect ERMI scores and was associated with a slight, non-significant increase in respirable microbial aerosols, likely due to particle resuspension. These findings underscore the importance of considering realistic and dynamic home conditions when interpreting ERMI values, highlight limitations of consumer-grade purifiers for improving airborne microbial exposures, and advance understanding of microbial contributions to residential IAQ.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/2408003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Household Air Pollution and Respiratory Outcomes Among Women Using Biomass Fuel for Cooking in India: Evidence Generation for Policy Action","authors":"Padukudru Anand Mahesh,&nbsp;A. S. Praveena,&nbsp;Mandya V. Greeshma,&nbsp;Vikram Patil,&nbsp;Jayaraj Biligere Siddaiah,&nbsp;Kjell Larsson,&nbsp;Lena Palmberg,&nbsp;Swapna Upadhyay,&nbsp;Koustav Ganguly","doi":"10.1155/ina/9520044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/9520044","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The world′s largest intervention program to provide affordable cleaner cooking fuel (liquefied petroleum gas [LPG]) to women living in poor households was launched in 2016 in India with the aim to mitigate household air pollution (HAP). Globally, it was estimated that 1.8 million deaths in 2017, primarily in low-middle income countries, were caused by HAP. The highest pooled relative risk for HAP was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study is aimed at evaluating the respiratory health impact of biomass fuel versus sustained LPG use among women in Mysuru, India.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The cross-sectional study involved nonsmoking women (≥ 40 years) using exclusive biomass fuel (BMS group; &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 903) or LPG (LPG group; &lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 441) for cooking. Data were collected through validated questionnaires, lung function tests, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO, biomarker of airway inflammation) measurements. The primary outcome was the prevalence of COPD. Prevalence of cough and chronic bronchitis was the secondary outcome. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the thorax followed by lung texture analysis was performed in a subset of the subjects (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 69).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;COPD prevalence was 3.90% in the BMS group and 1.59% in the LPG group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.036). When the age band 40–69 years is considered, the prevalence of COPD was 3.41% among BMS and 0.7% among LPG groups (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.007). Cough and chronic bronchitis were more prevalent in the BMS group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). High FeNO levels (≥ 25 ppb) were found in 20.3% of the BMS group versus 8.1% of the LPG group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis (adjusted for standard of living index) revealed that a biomass smoke exposure index (BMEI) ≥ 60 has a significant association with developing chronic bronchitis (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001 for both analysis), whereas a BMEI ≥ 90 has a significant association with developing COPD (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0143 and 0.0410). Linear regression analysis showed a decrease in lung function with increased BMEI when adjusted for age. The HRCT observations and lung texture analysis indicate that biomass smoke exposure results in a higher incidence of emphysema, ground-glass opacity, and increased pulmonary vessel volume.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Findings of this study demonstrate dose-dependent effects of biomass smoke exposure on developing chronic bronchitis, COPD, and declining lung func","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/9520044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of the Impact of Environmental Factors on Older People’s Quality of Life in Residential Care Facilities","authors":"Chenran Li,&nbsp;Jiangtao Du,&nbsp;Haniyeh Mohammadpourkarbasi","doi":"10.1155/ina/9340794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/9340794","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It has been well recognised that the physical environment plays an important role in supporting older people with frail health in residential care facilities (RCFs). This systematic review explored both quantitative and qualitative evidence of the effects of various environmental factors on older people′s quality of life (QoL) in RCFs. A total of 33 studies were included, which were retrieved from 3798 articles searched using nine important databases. Key findings are listed as follows. Nine environmental domains, comprising 34 factors, were identified through thematic analysis within the RCFs, including basic building characteristics, indoor spaces, facilities and furniture, ambient environment, privacy, maintenance, outdoor spaces, local community and safety. Relationships between key environmental factors and various QoL domains were identified. Specifically, environmental factors were associated with overall QoL (21 factors), physical health (seven), psychological health (one), level of independence (five), social relationships (four) and environmental satisfaction (10). The evidence in this review may contribute to the development of design and guidelines for the physical environment in RCFs and support the decision makers in RCFs to improve the quality of environmental factors and residents′ QoL.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/9340794","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}