Indoor air最新文献_第7页

Estimates of Inhaled and Deposited Doses following Exposure to Humidifier Disinfectant Containing Polyhexamethylene Guanidine (PHMG) 接触含有聚六亚甲基胍 (PHMG) 的加湿器消毒剂后的吸入和沉积剂量估计值

IF 5.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Indoor air Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8815592

Sunju Kim, Chungsik Yoon

{"title":"Estimates of Inhaled and Deposited Doses following Exposure to Humidifier Disinfectant Containing Polyhexamethylene Guanidine (PHMG)","authors":"Sunju Kim, Chungsik Yoon","doi":"10.1155/2024/8815592","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8815592","url":null,"abstract":"We estimated the inhaled and deposited dose in humans using the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and multiple-path particle dosimetry (MPPD) models following exposure to humidifier disinfectant containing polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG). The disinfectant has caused at least 1,810 deaths, with an odds ratio of lung injury of 47.3 (95% confidence interval: 6.1–369.7), because of its application in Korea. In this study, the Oxy product, which is regarded as the causative agent of most lung diseases, was sprayed into a cleanroom at normal (6.5 ppm in solution) and worst case (65 ppm in solution) dilutions; the airborne aerosol was monitored with direct reading instruments. Areas of deposition were divided into the head airway, tracheobronchial, and alveolar regions. Four dose scenarios were considered in this study: adults and children in both daily average and sleep conditions. Most PHMG aerosols were smaller than PM1 (96%). Number-based concentration analysis showed that <100 nm nanoparticles comprised 81% and 69% of the aerosol when the 6.5 and 65 ppm solutions were used, respectively. In all scenarios, the number-based deposited dose increased in the order of alveolar, tracheobronchial, and head airway regions; the mass-based deposited dose increased in the order of the head airway, alveolar, and tracheobronchial regions. The deposited dose per unit body weight was higher in children than in adults in terms of both number- and mass-based concentrations. When the humidifier was sprayed, the highest number-based concentration was found at a particle size of 15.4 nm; the highest deposition fraction or dose by PM1 was observed in the pulmonary and head airways in both models.","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139602512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Link between Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Obstructive Sleep Apnea among Nonsmoking U.S General Adults: Finding from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2020 不吸烟的美国成年人中二手烟暴露与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停之间的联系：2015-2020年全国健康与营养调查的结果

IF 5.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Indoor air Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8604008

Jing-hong Liang, Shao-yi Huang, Mei-ling Liu, Nan Jiang, Shan Huang, Ying-qi Pu, Yu Zhao, Yi-can Chen, Aerziguli Kakaer, Xue-ya Pu, Guang-hui Dong, Ya-jun Chen

{"title":"Link between Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Obstructive Sleep Apnea among Nonsmoking U.S General Adults: Finding from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2020","authors":"Jing-hong Liang, Shao-yi Huang, Mei-ling Liu, Nan Jiang, Shan Huang, Ying-qi Pu, Yu Zhao, Yi-can Chen, Aerziguli Kakaer, Xue-ya Pu, Guang-hui Dong, Ya-jun Chen","doi":"10.1155/2024/8604008","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8604008","url":null,"abstract":"The association between secondhand smoke exposure (SHSE) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in general adults remains to be explored and therefore is investigated based on the representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in this study. SHSE was assessed by self-reporting of passive exposure to burning cigarette in an indoor area (home, restaurant or bar, etc.), and OSA was defined by self-reporting OSA-related symptoms and frequency. A survey-weighted regression model and stratified analyses were used to estimate the association between SHSE and odds of OSA. The study involved 9,991 participants who had never smoked, representing a weighted number of 449.9 million adults ranging from 20 to 80 years old in the noninstitutionalized U. S population. There was a strong association between several kinds of SHSEs and OSA that compared with participants staying indoors without exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS), the odds of OSA was 1.2 times higher for those with SHSE at home (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.225, 95% CI: 1.009, 1.484), 1.4 times higher for those with SHSE in car (AOR = 1.404, 95% CI: 1.219, 1.616), and 1.3 times higher for those with e-cigarette SHSE (AOR = 1.302, 95% CI: 1.087, 1.557). Participants with simultaneous exposure to more different SHSs were 36% (one to three kinds of SHSEs (AOR = 1.368, 95% CI: 1.219, 1.534)) and 44% (above four kinds of SHSEs (AOR = 1.444, 95% CI: 1.034, 2.004)) more likely to have OSA, respectively. In general, general adults with SHSE in separate indoor areas, especially those with simultaneous exposure to different SHSs, had higher OSA risk. Identifying causality and health consequences of the association requires future longitudinal studies.","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139524160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermal Comfort Model Established by Using Machine Learning Strategies Based on Physiological Parameters in Hot and Cold Environments 利用基于冷热环境生理参数的机器学习策略建立热舒适模型

IF 5.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Indoor air Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9427822

Tseng-Fung Ho, Hsin-Han Tsai, Chi-Chih Chuang, Dasheng Lee, Xi-Wei Huang, Hsiang Chen, Chin–Chi Cheng, Yaw-Wen Kuo, Hsin-Hung Chou, Wei-Han Hsiao, Ching Hsu Yang, Yung-Hui Li

{"title":"Thermal Comfort Model Established by Using Machine Learning Strategies Based on Physiological Parameters in Hot and Cold Environments","authors":"Tseng-Fung Ho, Hsin-Han Tsai, Chi-Chih Chuang, Dasheng Lee, Xi-Wei Huang, Hsiang Chen, Chin–Chi Cheng, Yaw-Wen Kuo, Hsin-Hung Chou, Wei-Han Hsiao, Ching Hsu Yang, Yung-Hui Li","doi":"10.1155/2024/9427822","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/9427822","url":null,"abstract":"The air-conditioning systems have become an indispensable part of our daily life for keeping the quality of life. However, to improve the thermal comfort and reduce energy consumption is crucial to use the air conditioners effectively with rapid development of artificial intelligence technology. This study explored the correlation between the response of human physiological parameters and thermal sensation voting (TSV) to evaluate the comfort level among various cold and hot stimulations. The variations of the three physiological parameters, which were body surface temperature, skin blood flow (SBF), and sweat area on the skin surface, and TSV values were all positively correlated with the stimulation amount under the stimulation of cold wind, hot wind, and heat radiation, but the relationship was not completely linear. Among the three physiological parameters, the forehead skin temperature has the closest relationship with TSV, followed by the SBF and sweat. Among three stimulations, the cold wind stimulation causes the closest relationship between TSV and forehead temperature, followed by the radiation and hot wind stimulations. Through three different machine learning models, namely, random forest (RF) model, support vector machine (SVM) model, and neural network (NN) model, the stimulation of cold wind, hot wind, and heat radiation was applied to investigate the variation of the three physiological parameters as the input of the models. Moreover, the models were evaluated and verified by TSV. The results revealed that among the three different machine learning methods, RF had the best accuracy. The established thermal comfort models can predict the real-time user’s thermal comfort feeling, so that air-conditioning equipment’s performance can be optimized to create a healthy and energy-saving comfortable environment.","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139525656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Oligomers in Solutions and Aerosols Emitted during Humidifier Use 加湿器使用过程中排放的溶液和气溶胶中聚六亚甲基胍低聚物的特性分析

IF 5.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Indoor air Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7477565

Sunju Kim, Chungsik Yoon

{"title":"Characterization of Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Oligomers in Solutions and Aerosols Emitted during Humidifier Use","authors":"Sunju Kim, Chungsik Yoon","doi":"10.1155/2024/7477565","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/7477565","url":null,"abstract":"The behavior of polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG), the causative agent of many humidifier-induced lung diseases, is not well known because of its various oligomer structures and analytical difficulties. The aim of this study was to identify different PHMG oligomer types both in solution and aerosols and to estimate the airborne concentration of oligomers during humidifier use. Three products containing PHMG as the main component were diluted to the manufacturer’s recommended concentration (6.5 ppm) or the worst-case concentration (65 ppm or 125 ppm). Samples were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed with liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight (LC-qToF) mass spectrometry in the diluted solution and in the air at 0.5 m and 1 m. The LC-qToF data were processed using UNIFI software to characterize the PHMG structure. For all products in both the humidifier solution and air, the linear type was predominant over the branched/cyclic structure, but each product had different characteristics. The linear structure in the Oxy product, the main product of lung diseases, accounted for 90.6%, while that of the Scunder and BOC Sciences’ products accounted for 78.6% and 75.8%, respectively. The concentration of the oligomer in air for the Oxy product was estimated to be 35.89 and 390.96 μg/m3 at 6.5 and 65 ppm, respectively. Most of the oligomers in the solution were found in air at a short distance (0.5 m), with a negligible concentration beyond 1 m. Oligomers with 1–7 monomer units were identified in the humidifier solution, whereas mainly monomers, dimers, and trimers were identified in the air. The results of this study will facilitate further investigations of the mechanisms of lung disease by identifying the behaviors and forms of PHMG in the air, along with previously revealed toxicity results.","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Field Investigations on Subjective Perception, Physiological Responses, and Cognitive Performance under Increasing CO2 Concentration in an Underground Confined Space 地下密闭空间二氧化碳浓度增加时主观感知、生理反应和认知能力的实地调查

IF 5.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Indoor air Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5781565

Zongqiao Xie, Qiwei Wang, Kun Zhou, Linjian Ma, Jing Wang, Yong Li, Shangyuan Chen, Weizhi Wei

{"title":"Field Investigations on Subjective Perception, Physiological Responses, and Cognitive Performance under Increasing CO2 Concentration in an Underground Confined Space","authors":"Zongqiao Xie, Qiwei Wang, Kun Zhou, Linjian Ma, Jing Wang, Yong Li, Shangyuan Chen, Weizhi Wei","doi":"10.1155/2024/5781565","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5781565","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research was to explore the impacts of heightened CO2 concentrations on human health and wellness in an underground confined space. A total of 180 participants were subjected to CO2 concentrations ranging from 1000 to 10000 ppm within a confined underground environment. The study assessed not only subjective perceptions and physiological responses but also cognitive performance, integrating novel measures such as emotion, skin conductance (SC), and heart rate variability (HRV). The findings demonstrated a notable variation in thermal sensation votes (TSV) and perceived air quality acceptability with the change in CO2 concentration. A significant increase in total mood disturbance (TMD) of 1.5 units was observed at a CO2 concentration of 8500 ppm, compared to 1000 ppm. Cognitive performance remained consistent for concentrations below 8500 ppm; however, a substantial alteration was noted at 10000 ppm. In terms of task difficulty, numerical calculations were perceived to require 0.74 units more effort than letter searches. As CO2 concentration exceeded 7500 ppm, significant variances were noted in physiological parameters such as diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), LF/HF, MF/HF ratios, PNN 50, and frequency domains of HRV (LF, MF, and HF) in comparison to the parameters at 1000 ppm. At 8500 ppm, the LF and HF parameters were found to be 780 and 452.3 units, respectively, higher than at 7000 ppm. These findings suggest that high humidity, low temperature, and elevated CO2 concentrations collectively contribute to the significant human stress responses. This study is of interest as there are limited reported researches on the air quality in underground confined space.","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139381284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the Emission Rate of Particles when Musicians Play Wind, Woodwind, and Brass Instruments 音乐家演奏管乐器、木管乐器和铜管乐器时的粒子发射率调查

IF 5.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Indoor air Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8092828

L. Schumann, Dorothea von Zadow, Alexander Schmidt, I. Fernholz, A. Hartmann, Liliana Ifrim, Martin Kriegel, Joachim Seybold, Dirk Mürbe, M. Fleischer

{"title":"Investigation of the Emission Rate of Particles when Musicians Play Wind, Woodwind, and Brass Instruments","authors":"L. Schumann, Dorothea von Zadow, Alexander Schmidt, I. Fernholz, A. Hartmann, Liliana Ifrim, Martin Kriegel, Joachim Seybold, Dirk Mürbe, M. Fleischer","doi":"10.1155/2023/8092828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8092828","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the high risk of airborne transmission of COVID-19, the question of the production of particles while playing wind instruments is highly relevant. Therefore, in this study, 23 professional musicians played their instruments in a cleanroom in cleanroom-grade clothing. The most common orchestral wind instruments flute, oboe, clarinet, and trumpet were therefore chosen. Aerosol measurements using a laser particle counter were conducted to quantify the emission rate of respiratory particles. Orchestral excerpts as well as sustained tones in two dynamic levels were played. The emitted particles were mostly in a submicron size range. For all instruments besides the clarinet, an influence of the loudness of playing on the emission rate could be observed. The emission rates for all musical instruments were independent of the passages played. Flute and oboe showed similar emission rates but lower than the values for clarinet and trumpet. While playing a note with a small volume, the flute, oboe, and trumpet have a similar emission rate as found for speaking.","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138948050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Airborne Pollutant Removal Effectiveness and Hidden Pollutant Source Identification of Bionic Ventilation Systems: Direct and Inverse CFD Demonstrations 仿生通风系统的空气污染物去除效果和隐性污染源识别：直接和反向 CFD 演示

IF 5.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Indoor air Pub Date : 2023-12-16 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5522169

Hong-Liang Zhang, Bin Li, Jin Shang, Wei-Wei Wang, Fu-Yun Zhao

{"title":"Airborne Pollutant Removal Effectiveness and Hidden Pollutant Source Identification of Bionic Ventilation Systems: Direct and Inverse CFD Demonstrations","authors":"Hong-Liang Zhang, Bin Li, Jin Shang, Wei-Wei Wang, Fu-Yun Zhao","doi":"10.1155/2023/5522169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5522169","url":null,"abstract":"A healthy and efficient ventilation system is essential for establishing a comfortable indoor environment and significantly reducing a building’s energy demand simultaneously. This paper proposed a novel ventilation system and applied it to the IEA Annex 20 mixing ventilation enclosure to verify its feasibility through mathematical modeling and CFD simulations. First, two bionic ventilation systems, single-side and dual-side ventilations, were compared to a conventional constant-volume supply system using CFD simulations, with the results demonstrating that the bionic ventilation system could provide higher ventilation efficiency and more effective pollutant removal from stagnant regions. Furthermore, the present work exercised these two bionic ventilation systems with different temporal periods of sine and rectangular wave functions, identifying a turning point at a period of 0.06 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 τ\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 n\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 , which could contribute to further enhancement of these bionic ventilation systems. Finally, a methodology depending on the Bayesian inference algorithm was developed for identifying pollution sources in the bionic ventilation system with unstable flow fields, and factors influencing source identification accuracy were discussed. The results show that the peaks of the KDE distributions and the sampling average values of both the source location and intensity are all consistent with the actual source parameters. The potential of the proposed bionic ventilation systems has been well demonstrated by direct and inverse CFD models, paving the way for further engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138967458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Validation of In-Room UV-C-Based Air Cleaners 室内紫外线-C 空气净化器的验证

IF 5.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Indoor air Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5510449

Xing Li, E. R. Blatchley

{"title":"Validation of In-Room UV-C-Based Air Cleaners","authors":"Xing Li, E. R. Blatchley","doi":"10.1155/2023/5510449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5510449","url":null,"abstract":"The risks to human health posed by airborne pathogens can be mitigated by the use of ultraviolet-C (UV-C) radiation. In general, UV-C-based systems should be applied in a manner that allows effective inactivation of airborne pathogens, while controlling human exposure to below defined limits. Among the methods used to apply UV-C radiation in indoor settings to meet these objectives are UV-C-based air cleaners. These devices can be effective for the control of airborne pathogens, but methods are needed to quantify and validate their performance. To address this need, an experiment-based method and a mathematical model were developed to quantify the effects of UV-C-based air cleaners on the concentration of an aerosolized, viral challenge agent. The method and model were demonstrated to allow quantification of disinfection efficacy and to allow translation of the results from the test environment to the application environment. The primary figure-of-merit from these tests was the clean air delivery rate (CADR), which is commonly used to characterize the disinfection efficacy of these devices. The ability of a validated air cleaner to improve indoor air quality in application settings is simulated based on the measured value of CADR from laboratory tests and the mathematical model.","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139200170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Approach towards Assessing the Impact of Air Quality and Major Public Health Emergencies on Light Industry: A Multiscale Investigation towards Improving the Risk Prevention System 评估空气质量和重大突发公共卫生事件对轻工业影响的新方法：改进风险预防系统的多尺度调查

IF 5.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Indoor air Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6031225

Fang Su, Nini Song, H. Shang, S. Fahad

{"title":"A Novel Approach towards Assessing the Impact of Air Quality and Major Public Health Emergencies on Light Industry: A Multiscale Investigation towards Improving the Risk Prevention System","authors":"Fang Su, Nini Song, H. Shang, S. Fahad","doi":"10.1155/2023/6031225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6031225","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring the systemic impact of major public health emergencies on the light industry and preventing various uncertain future external risks have become the key challenges to ensuring the stability of the light industry. This paper takes the occurrence of major public health emergencies as the background and focuses on environmental issues such as air pollution and indoor air quality degradation during emergencies. And to explore the multiscale impact of major public health emergencies on the light industry, typical light industry subsectors, and light industry enterprises. The findings of our study reveal that major public health emergencies have a negative impact on the light industry, particularly in the form of a short-term decline in exports, which tends to converge in the long run. Further, it is also revealed that there is heterogeneity in the impact on environmentally sensitive industries, labor-intensive industries, and others. At the microfirm level, major public health emergencies have shown a negative effect, especially the recent pandemic, which has a longer duration and a wider reach. Through multiscale research, this paper provides policy suggestions to improve the macrogovernance mechanism and risk prevention system for the light industry.","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139200164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phthalate Concentration Estimation and Exposure Assessment and Health Risk Assessment in Indoor Organic Film 室内有机薄膜中邻苯二甲酸酯浓度估算、暴露评估和健康风险评估

IF 5.8 2区环境科学与生态学

Indoor air Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5491647

Jung-In Jeon, Hyemin Lee, Si-Hyun Park, D. Yoon, Jeong-Il Lee, Cheol-Min Lee

{"title":"Phthalate Concentration Estimation and Exposure Assessment and Health Risk Assessment in Indoor Organic Film","authors":"Jung-In Jeon, Hyemin Lee, Si-Hyun Park, D. Yoon, Jeong-Il Lee, Cheol-Min Lee","doi":"10.1155/2023/5491647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5491647","url":null,"abstract":"Organic films act as passive air samplers and can be employed to assess the concentration of semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs), such as phthalates, in the gas phase over a defined period using the kinetic adsorption model. Consequently, indoor organic films have been identified as effective media for evaluating human exposure to SVOCs. This study proposed an organic film-based method for assessing SVOC exposure in the indoor environment. Exposure assessments of various phthalate pathways were conducted on children and adults. Organic films were collected for analysis from 110 residential dwellings in metropolitan areas over a two-month period. The exposure assessments were categorized into inhalation, oral, and dermal exposure pathways. Diethyl phthalate was highest in inhalation exposure, dibutyl phthalate represented the highest dermal exposure, and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was identified as the highest contributor to oral exposure. For children, the primary exposure pathways included dermal absorption of DBP, DEP, diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), and di-n-hexyl phthalate (DNHP); dust ingestion of DEHP and di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP); and inhalation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP). The ECR and HQ for inhalation, dermal, and ingestion did not exceed the threshold in children and adults at all pollutants, suggesting no potential health impact. In contrast, the primary routes of exposure for adults were dermal absorption of DBP, DMP, DEP, DiBP, BBP, and DNHP, along with dust ingestion of DEHP and DNOP. The findings of this study provide valuable baseline data for future research in health risk and SVOC exposure assessments utilizing indoor organic films.","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139245470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0