Indoor air最新文献

{"title":"Quantifying Indoor Air Quality Determinants in Green-Certified Buildings Using a Hybrid Machine Learning Method: A Case Study in Florida","authors":"He Zhang,&nbsp;Ravi Srinivasan,&nbsp;Xu Yang,&nbsp;Vikram Ganesan,&nbsp;Junxue Zhang,&nbsp;Han Zhang","doi":"10.1155/ina/2150075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/2150075","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the indoor air quality (IAQ) conditions in green-certified buildings and examines the factors influencing them. An integrated IoT sensing system was implemented indoors and outdoors to assess the levels of particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone at five Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)-certified and five non-LEED educational buildings in Central Florida. Building-related characteristics were collected through walk-through surveys, BACnet systems, and construction drawings. An algorithm model based on support vector machine (SVM) and nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) was developed to analyze the features of pollutants and the relative contribution of different influencing factors. The findings reveal that concentrations of target pollutants are generally lower in LEED buildings compared to non-LEED buildings. Although IAQ influencing factors are generally similar between LEED and non-LEED buildings, the weighted contribution ratios of specific factors, particularly for indoor nitrogen dioxide and ozone, vary significantly. The concentration of pollutants in non-LEED buildings is more susceptible to adverse environmental factors. The SVM-NMF model demonstrates significant advantages in nonlinear feature extraction and handling multicollinearity issues. It surpasses multiple linear regression and backpropagation neural network models in analyzing multidimensional indoor air data by 26.9% and 18% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), respectively. The robustness of the model was validated through fit comparison, cross-validation, and residual analysis. This study provides a foundational information base and effective technical means for subsequent research on IAQ management.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/2150075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying Physical and Chemical Processes of Indoor CO2 and Ozone in a University Classroom Using Low-Cost Sensors and Model Simulation","authors":"Feng Chen,&nbsp;Wei-Chieh Huang,&nbsp;Wei-Chun Hwang,&nbsp;Yaying Wang,&nbsp;Jianhuai Ye,&nbsp;Hui-Ming Hung","doi":"10.1155/ina/3358673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/3358673","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Indoor air quality is a crucial factor affecting human health, with high levels of CO₂ impairing cognition and ozone reacting with human skin to produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as geranyl acetone (Ga), 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (6-MHO), and 4-oxopentanal (4-OPA), which can cause irritation to the respiratory tract and skin. In this study, the indoor air quality of a university classroom was monitored using home-built air quality boxes (AQBs) comprising low-cost sensors for various gas species, including CO₂, ozone, and NO_x. The interaction processes between indoor and outdoor air and human interference were investigated using box model simulation of CO₂ and ozone profiles. The results indicate both indoor CO₂ and ozone were significantly affected by the ventilation and number of occupants. The simulation of CO₂ profiles retrieves an air exchange rate constant of ~1.05 h⁻¹ for one door opening, in addition to the room ventilator of 1.20 h⁻¹. With the derived parameters, the study estimated that ozone, mainly transported from the outdoors and consumed by room and human surfaces, has deposition velocities of 0.019 ± 0.005 and 0.45 ± 0.15 cm s⁻¹ for room and human surfaces, respectively, consistent with the literature. The simulation also suggests that VOCs such as Ga, 6-MHO, and 4-OPA from ozone consumption on human surfaces might accumulate indoors to several parts per billion by volume in a crowded room with poor ventilation. The integration of observation using low-cost sensors with the model simulation quantified the physical and chemical processes controlling indoor ozone concentration and organic ozonolysis. Furthermore, the study suggests that the retrieved parameters from the model could guide proper ventilation strategies to maintain good indoor air quality with energy efficiency based on the number of occupants.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/3358673","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Distribution of Microbes in the Apartment Transition Spaces and Exposure Risks Along Resident Flow Paths","authors":"Yang Lv,&nbsp;Xiaodong Wang,&nbsp;Dan Liu","doi":"10.1155/ina/9947464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/9947464","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The microbial contamination levels in the apartment transition spaces, frequently traversed by pedestrians, are closely related to resident health. This study analyzed the microbial distribution in these spaces and modeled and assessed the microbial exposure risk faced by residents following different flow paths. The results showed that the dominant genera of airborne microbes, settling microbes, wall microbes, and ground microbes were <i>Staphylococcus</i>, <i>Bacillus</i>, and <i>Micrococcus</i>, collectively accounting for over 70% of the total microbial population. The concentration of settling microbes in noncorridor spaces was 9.7 times higher than in corridor spaces, necessitating targeted disinfection of settling microbes in noncorridor spaces. The analysis of biodiversity indices elucidates the extent to which the biodiversity of different types of microbes is affected by variations in pedestrian flow, with airborne microbes being the most affected and ground microbes the least affected. This study also constructed a microbial exposure risk assessment model during residents’ mobility in the apartment transitional spaces. Based on this model, it was confirmed that nonfirst-floor residents using the elevator to enter and exit their homes face the highest exposure risk to airborne microbes and wall microbes, while those using the stairwell face the highest exposure risk to settling microbes and ground microbes. First-floor residents face the lowest microbial exposure risk when entering and exiting their homes. The research results not only establish a microbial exposure risk assessment system but also provide important theoretical reference for evaluating and improving the environmental quality of other similar scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/9947464","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ventilation and Air Quality of a Densely Occupied Multipurpose Room in an Elderly Care Center","authors":"Huai-Wen Wu,&nbsp;Prashant Kumar,&nbsp;Chang Xi,&nbsp;Junwei Ding,&nbsp;Shi-Jie Cao","doi":"10.1155/ina/1125427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/1125427","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Older people are more susceptible to health risks from indoor air pollution, even at low pollution levels. This study aimed to improve ventilation and air quality of densely occupied multipurpose rooms in elderly care centers (ECCs). The specific objectives were to investigate the impact of different ventilation types on ventilation performance and air quality in the ECC’s multipurpose room, including mixing (MV), displacement (DV), zone (ZV), stratum (SV), and underfloor ventilation (UV); analyze the influence of ventilation on CO₂ concentration; and discuss appropriate ventilation design comprehensively considering air velocity, CO₂ level, air change efficiency (ACE), mean age of air (MAA), contaminant removal effectiveness (CRE), and predicted mean vote (PMV). First, an experimental study was conducted, and then 11 potential optimization models were proposed based on the experiment’s results. Finally, quantitative results were obtained through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. Analysis revealed that model ZV2 with wall outlets at 1.1 m and ceiling inlets proved to be the optimal ventilation type. It had fewer air circulation and stagnation areas, and it maintained its effectiveness regardless of furniture configurations or occupant positioning (caregivers and elderly people), factors that could potentially compromise airflow in other models. Compared to model ZV2, CO₂ concentrations in the sitting breathing zone of other models increased from a minimal increase of 0.2% to a substantial increase of 38.9%. Analysis also showed that the seats in the first row consistently maintained low pollutant concentration environments. These new results offer valuable insights for ECC stakeholders by assessing ventilation and air quality in crowded spaces for older people at two different breathing heights (sitting and standing).</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/1125427","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-Analysis and Regression Modeling of the Impacts of Four Indoor Environmental Quality Metrics on Office Performance","authors":"Kevin Keene,&nbsp;Kieren McCord,&nbsp;Ammar H. A. Dehwah,&nbsp;Wooyoung Jung","doi":"10.1155/ina/6840369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/6840369","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Awareness of how buildings interact with the occupant experience—especially human performance—is becoming more prevalent, as seen by increasing interest and investment in healthy built environments. However, there is a need to synthesize the wide array of existing indoor environmental assessment and performance research in a way that can translate directly to building design and operation. Existing research in this area typically focuses on a single isolated metric and has not focused on making the results utilizable by building practitioners. The aim of this research is to investigate existing office performance literature through meta-analyses and produce regression models for four indoor environmental quality (IEQ) metrics to support critical decision-making for building operation and renovation. To reach this aim, a literature review was conducted to identify studies that measure the impact of changing ventilation rate, temperature, horizontal illuminance, and noise level in offices on occupant task performance. This repository of field and laboratory studies was analyzed to visualize the trends between the selected IEQ metrics and task performance. The temperature, ventilation rate, and horizontal illuminance regression models showed clear improvement potential when modifying indoor conditions toward the defined high-performance range, while the regression model for noise level was inconclusive. The discussion notes the importance of designing holistically for all components of these IEQ categories to utilize the results, for example, good filtration on outdoor air for quantifying ventilation impact and uniform overhead lighting with low contrast for quantifying horizontal illuminance impact. The novelty of this work is in considering multiple facets of the indoor environment under a single, unified analysis schema and producing IEQ-based performance gains that can directly inform cost-benefit analyses of building design and renovation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/6840369","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Carbon Dioxide Exposure for Residents and Staff of Nursing Homes: A Field Monitoring Study in Spain","authors":"Alba Fuertes,&nbsp;Rory V. Jones,&nbsp;María Teresa Baquero,&nbsp;Roger Vergés,&nbsp;Nuria Forcada","doi":"10.1155/ina/4153784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/4153784","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Providing high air quality is crucial to the health and well-being of older people living in nursing homes. A measurement study was undertaken in 22 communal rooms of five nursing homes in Spain to investigate the effects of heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems, room characteristics, and occupant activities on the indoor air quality. The study included 196 periods of data collection (equivalent to 5282 measurements). To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study of indoor air quality in Spanish nursing homes. The study found that mean CO₂ concentrations were consistently below established standards, although notable peaks were evident due to specific activities. Natural and cross ventilation had a clear role in maintaining CO₂ concentrations below recommended levels. The findings indicate that lower occupancy density may be required in rooms where high-CO₂-generating activities take place, such as gym–physiotherapy rooms. The results showed that the older residents and staff were both more thermally comfortable at higher CO₂ concentrations. This suggests that striking a balance between air quality and thermal comfort is necessary. The study provides useful insights for the design of ventilation systems and spatial layouts of nursing homes, which can achieve higher levels of indoor air quality and occupant well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/4153784","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Edge-Docker–Based Architecture for Intelligent Indoor Air Quality Management With Sensing Calibration and Automatic Controlling","authors":"Ming-Feng Wu,&nbsp;Meng-Zhe Zhong,&nbsp;Hsueh-Yuan Tsai,&nbsp;Young-Shen Tseng,&nbsp;Chih-Yu Wen","doi":"10.1155/ina/1031975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/1031975","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reports show that poor indoor air quality can be harmful to vulnerable groups and lead to various health problems. To address this problem, this work proposes a management architecture for enhancing indoor air quality by integrating the analytical learning models and regulation of indoor and outdoor pollutant concentrations, which coordinates the activation or deactivation of the pollutant control devices. The proposed system incorporates predictive and calibration functionalities to enhance overall system stability and effectiveness. This work tests the prediction accuracy of multilayer perceptron and recurrent neural network models. The experimental results show that the bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) with a land use regression (LUR)–based feature extraction model achieves the best predictive performance with a mean absolute error of 5.74 and a mean absolute percentage error of 15.7%, respectively. Comparing the existing Bi-LSTM work for PM2.5 prediction, the proposed Bi-LSTM model with feature selection delivers superior accuracy by about 14.58% in terms of the mean absolute error performance. To further assess the system feasibility, a self-designed air box with the Docker technology is developed to customize system parameters for various monitoring needs. The system has undergone validations through Ansys indoor airflow simulation software and scenario testing, demonstrating its effectiveness and great promise for the rapid removal of indoor pollutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/1031975","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Seasonal Variation of Indoor Radon in Campania: Preliminary Findings","authors":"Filomena Loffredo,&nbsp;Daniela Pacella,&nbsp;Maria Quarto","doi":"10.1155/ina/5158897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/5158897","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study focuses on the indoor radon gas monitoring in 30 residences in Campania to evaluate seasonal variability. Approximately 570 CR-39 solid-state detectors were employed. Measurements were taken monthly, quarterly, semiannually, and annually, starting in October 2022 and ending in September 2023. The seasonal variability was assessed using the Gini coefficient, with quarterly and semiannual values being comparable at 6% and 7%, respectively, while the monthly measurements exhibited a higher Gini coefficient, 13%. The measurements were conducted in accordance with the UNI ISO 11665-4:2021 standard. This preliminary study investigates the seasonal variability of radon concentration in Campania. The results obtained may support future research on a larger scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/5158897","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Elevation of the Mass Concentration Ratio of PM10 to PM1 in Printing Shop Was Associated With Small Airway Impairment","authors":"Hongbo Wang,&nbsp;Lizhi Lyu,&nbsp;Yu Xu,&nbsp;Shengyuan Wang,&nbsp;Langzhi He,&nbsp;Zihui Li,&nbsp;Chen Li,&nbsp;Hasen Bilige,&nbsp;Yun Wang","doi":"10.1155/ina/9343864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/9343864","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Currently, there is a substantial amount of research on the impact of long-term exposure to printing shop particles (PSPs) on worker health. However, the effects of short-term exposure to PSPs on consumer health and the appropriate exposure metric for assessing the health risks of PSPs remain unclear. In this study, a two-stage crossover experiment was conducted, in which 20 healthy adults were randomly exposed to different size distributions of PSPs during two separate experimental periods. Lung function of the participants was tested before and after PSP exposure, and blood samples were collected for analysis. The results indicated that, compared to traditional particle exposure metrics such as mass and number concentration, the ratio of PM₁₀ to PM₁ mass concentration (PMC₁₀/PMC₁) was a more suitable metric for evaluating PSP exposure risks. After exposure to PSPs, participants showed a decline in lung function. As the PMC₁₀/PMC₁ ratio increased in two experimental periods, lung function indicators associated with small airways, such as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁), FEV₃, forced expiratory flow at 25% of FVC exhaled (FEF₂₅), FEF₇₅, and FEF_25-75%, significantly decreased. Blood biochemical test results revealed an increase in potassium levels in the serum of participants, potentially related to small airway damage caused by PSPs. In summary, this study proposes a more suitable exposure metric to evaluate the health impact of PSPs and other nanoparticles, offering epidemiological evidence on the health effects of short-term exposure to these substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/9343864","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Comfort Assessment of an Indoor Swimming Pool in a Hot Climate: A CFD and HAP Simulation Study","authors":"Houssameldin M. Mohamed,&nbsp;Abdellatif M. Sadeq,&nbsp;Ahmad K. Sleiti,&nbsp;Samer F. Ahmed","doi":"10.1155/ina/4502431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/4502431","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study thoroughly investigates thermal comfort conditions within an indoor swimming pool in a desert climate resembling the climatic conditions of regions like Qatar, known for its scorching summers and mild winters. The research focuses on a 17.6 × 11.7 m indoor swimming pool, assessing its response to extreme outdoor conditions: 43.3°C dry-bulb temperature and 33.3°C wet-bulb temperature for summer, and 17°C dry-bulb temperature and 10.6°C wet-bulb temperature for winter. Design considerations maintain indoor temperatures in the range of 24°C–29°C year-round, aligning with ASHRAE Handbook recommendations for indoor swimming pools. The study encompasses a comprehensive analysis, including the calculation of pool evaporation rates and the resulting latent heat load gain. Hourly Analysis Program (HAP 4.9), a specialized cooling load calculation program, was employed to determine the essential thermal load required to maintain optimum indoor conditions. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, employing ANSYS Fluent 19.2 and incorporating standard turbulence and moisture content models following a meticulous grid independence study, were conducted. The results highlight distinct average indoor conditions for both summer and winter, encompassing parameters such as air temperature, air velocity, and relative humidity. The research outcomes, assessed using predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD), indicate comfort in summer and slight warmth in winter, serving as a valuable reference for future research on desert pool and greenhouse designs, ultimately enhancing indoor environmental quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/4502431","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}