{"title":"The gap between human's attitude towards robots in general and human's expectation of an ideal everyday life robot","authors":"Barbara Kuhnert, Marco Ragni, F. Lindner","doi":"10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172441","url":null,"abstract":"Acceptance, trust and a successful deployment of robots in human's everyday life depends both on technical implementation and on psychological aspects. The current work identifies essential features and characteristics that have the potential to increase the acceptance of robots, reduce prejudices and improve the development of appropriate and suitable robots with target-group specific features and characteristics. We present the first part of a major research project that aims to develop a valid and reliable toolkit for an encompassing measurement of human's attitude towards robots. By means of the Semantic Differential Scale a comparison of human's attitude towards robots in general and human's expectation of an ideal, personal everyday life robot has been performed. Results reveal major differences between these two concepts and the demand of robots adapted to human's requirements.","PeriodicalId":134777,"journal":{"name":"2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131572543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ulises Zaldivar-Colado, S. Garbaya, Paul Tamayo-Serrano, X. Zaldivar-Colado, P. Blazevic
{"title":"A mixed reality for virtual assembly","authors":"Ulises Zaldivar-Colado, S. Garbaya, Paul Tamayo-Serrano, X. Zaldivar-Colado, P. Blazevic","doi":"10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172385","url":null,"abstract":"Mixed reality (MR) is a hybrid reality where real and virtual objects are merged to produce an enriched interactive environment. Virtual Reality (VR) has been used in the simulation of production processes such as the product assembly and the execution of industrial tasks. Augmented reality (AR) has been widely used as an instructional tool to help the user to perform the task in real world conditions. Most of these works were focused on solving technical problems, specific to the type of application but they did not take advantage of the achievements realized in both VR and AR technologies. This paper presents a mixed reality system that integrates virtual assembly environment with augmented reality. This approach is mainly based on the development of a hybrid tacking system for the synchronization of the virtual and the real hand of the user. The evaluation of this Mixed Reality approach showed a statistically significant improvement of the user performance in the assembly task execution, compared to the task realized in virtual environment.","PeriodicalId":134777,"journal":{"name":"2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132259788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of experiments in social robotics: Insights from the MOnarCH project","authors":"J. Sequeira","doi":"10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172282","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the assessment of humanrobot interaction (HRI) experiments in social robotics. Some of the MOnarCH project experiments are analyzed, illustrating key ideas on performance indicators based in activation rates of micro-behaviors and environment models. The consistency of the results obtained indicates that the ideas are fully applicable to other experiments in social robotics.","PeriodicalId":134777,"journal":{"name":"2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115838957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring data augmentation methods in reverberant human-robot voice communication","authors":"R. Gomez, Keisuke Nakamura","doi":"10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172449","url":null,"abstract":"Collecting training data is not an easy task especially in situation involving robots that require tremendous physical effort. The ability to augment data through synthetic means is a convenient tool to solve this problem. Therefore it is important to evaluate the extent of the usefulness of augmented data. In this paper, we will explore data augmentation schemes in reverberant environment and investigate a method to effectively select data. We experiment in a real reverberant environment condition and investigate both the traditional automatic speech recognition (ASR) system based on gaussian mixture model-hidden markov model (GMM-HMM) and the most current system based on Deep Neural Networks (i.e, HMM-DNN). Our results show that the combination of data augmentation and data selection, further improves system performance. In our experiments, we used real test data in a reverberant hands-free human-robot communication scenario.","PeriodicalId":134777,"journal":{"name":"2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114347559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Towards understanding user preferences in robot-human handovers: How do we decide?","authors":"E. Martinson, A. H. Quispe, K. Oguchi","doi":"10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172351","url":null,"abstract":"Service robots are expected to provide assistance to users by performing useful tasks, such as handing over objects upon request. Most robot-human handover studies implicitly assume that the handover action being executed is the same every time. We postulate that for real scenarios, however, a robot should be capable of accomplishing the handover task using multiple styles of handover, selecting the action that will most likely result in the successful execution of the task and the action that best accommodates different user preferences. This paper addresses the human aspect of this theory, investigating: (1) Will users prefer to have the robot execute more than one type of robot-human handovers? and (2) What factors do users take into account to favor one handover over another? In a survey realized with 62 participants from 2 different countries we conclude that not only is having more than one handover action important for the robot, but also identify 2 factors for selecting the best action autonomously.","PeriodicalId":134777,"journal":{"name":"2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114401177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eva Ansermin, Ghilès Mostafaoui, Xavier Sargentini, P. Gaussier
{"title":"Unintentional entrainment effect in a context of Human Robot Interaction: An experimental study","authors":"Eva Ansermin, Ghilès Mostafaoui, Xavier Sargentini, P. Gaussier","doi":"10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172442","url":null,"abstract":"Modelling nonverbal communication in robotics is a crucial issue to improve Human Robot interactions (HRI). Among several nonverbal behaviours we focus in this article on unintentional rhythmic entrainment and synchronization which has been proven to be highly important in intuitive and natural Human Human communication. Hence, the rising question is whether or no this phenomenon can be reproduced in a context of HRI and what are the prerequisites to ensure its emergence. In this paper, we study rhythmical interactions during imitation games between a NAO robot and naive subjects. We analysed two main types of interactions, a first where NAO performs movements at a fixed rhythm (unidirectional) and a second one where the robot is able to adopt the human motion dynamic (bidirectional) using a neural modelling of the entrainment effect based on dynamical systems. We show that using such model allows us to reach synchronization during the interactions and that both partners (robot and human) adapt their frequency as observed in natural HHI. This puts forward the importance of bidirectionality for HRI. Moreover, the participants shifted their motion dynamics during the interaction without noticing it, proving the presence of such unintentional rhythmic entrainment in HRI.","PeriodicalId":134777,"journal":{"name":"2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114786085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Chugo, Shohei Kawazoe, S. Yokota, H. Hashimoto, Takahiro Katayama, Yasuhide Mizuta, Atsushi Koujina
{"title":"Pattern based standing assistance adapted to individual subjects on a robotic walker","authors":"D. Chugo, Shohei Kawazoe, S. Yokota, H. Hashimoto, Takahiro Katayama, Yasuhide Mizuta, Atsushi Koujina","doi":"10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172459","url":null,"abstract":"This study proposes a pattern based standing assistance on a robotic walker with a standing and sitting assistance function. In our previous works, we have developed a standing assistance system. Our assistive system consists of a powered walker and a standing assistance manipulator, and is small enough to be used in a typical narrow room such as a bathroom. Our system focuses on domestic use for elderly people who need nursing in their day-to-day lives. Usually, the body conditions of elderly users are different individually and required standing assistance schemes are also different. However, it is difficult to design the suitable standing assistance scheme according to the symptom of elderly users individually at real time because of its cost. Therefore, the proposed walker has several standing assistance patterns which are designed for the user of the different symptom and selects the suitable one for its user. Our idea is practicality for implementation with low cost. The performance of our proposed system was verified through experiments using our prototype with elderly and handicapped subjects.","PeriodicalId":134777,"journal":{"name":"2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114647405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. M. Fakhrhosseini, Dylan Lettinga, Eric Vasey, Zhi Zheng, M. Jeon, C. Park, A. Howard
{"title":"Both “look and feel” matter: Essential factors for robotic companionship","authors":"S. M. Fakhrhosseini, Dylan Lettinga, Eric Vasey, Zhi Zheng, M. Jeon, C. Park, A. Howard","doi":"10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172294","url":null,"abstract":"Physical embodiment of robots provides users with a social environment. To design social robots further to be accepted as our companions, we need to understand the essential factors and implement them and so, users get to bring them to their personal environments. To this aim, we focused on two important factors in robotic companionship: robot appearance (look) and emotional expression (feel). Twenty-one participants played an online game with the help from two humanoid robots, Nao (more human-like looking) and Darwin (less human-like looking). Participants interacted with each robot either with emotional words or without emotional words. Results show that only when the robot both looks more human-like and speaks with emotional expression, participants perceive it as their companion. Implications are discussed with future works.","PeriodicalId":134777,"journal":{"name":"2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","volume":"230 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116387993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jan Ondras, Oya Celiktutan, E. Sariyanidi, H. Gunes
{"title":"Automatic replication of teleoperator head movements and facial expressions on a humanoid robot","authors":"Jan Ondras, Oya Celiktutan, E. Sariyanidi, H. Gunes","doi":"10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172386","url":null,"abstract":"Robotic telepresence aims to create a physical presence for a remotely located human (teleoperator) by reproducing their verbal and nonverbal behaviours (e.g. speech, gestures, facial expressions) on a robotic platform. In this work, we propose a novel teleoperation system that combines the replication of facial expressions of emotions (neutral, disgust, happiness, and surprise) and head movements on the fly on the humanoid robot Nao. Robots' expression of emotions is constrained by their physical and behavioural capabilities. As the Nao robot has a static face, we use the LEDs located around its eyes to reproduce the teleoperator expressions of emotions. Using a web camera, we computationally detect the facial action units and measure the head pose of the operator. The emotion to be replicated is inferred from the detected action units by a neural network. Simultaneously, the measured head motion is smoothed and bounded to the robot's physical limits by applying a constrained-state Kalman filter. In order to evaluate the proposed system, we conducted a user study by asking 28 participants to use the replication system by displaying facial expressions and head movements while being recorded by a web camera. Subsequently, 18 external observers viewed the recorded clips via an online survey and assessed the quality of the robot's replication of the participants' behaviours. Our results show that the proposed teleoperation system can successfully communicate emotions and head movements, resulting in a high agreement among the external observers (ICCE = 0.91, ICCHP = 0.72).","PeriodicalId":134777,"journal":{"name":"2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129677874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
José Oliveira, Gonçalo S. Martins, A. Jegundo, C. Dantas, Cindy Wings, Luís Santos, J. Dias, F. Perdigão
{"title":"Speaking robots: The challenges of acceptance by the ageing society","authors":"José Oliveira, Gonçalo S. Martins, A. Jegundo, C. Dantas, Cindy Wings, Luís Santos, J. Dias, F. Perdigão","doi":"10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ROMAN.2017.8172470","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of robots to dialogue with humans appears as one critical Human-Machine Interaction feature when it comes to transferring robots into society. This ability gains additional importance when it comes to elderly people, since they find it more comfortable and natural to interact using voice, due to possible natural physical impairments that hinder the usage of some of the interaction modalities (e.g. touch screens). Challenges like recognition accuracy, distant speech, the idiosyncrasies of elderly voices (fading, muffled pronunciation, etc.), the effects of surrounding environment noise or the expressiveness of the robot when speaking, become highly relevant in the acceptance and usability of service robots by the ageing population. In this paper, we present the results, challenges and solutions developed during a nine-month iterative evaluation process that took place within the GrowMeUp project, with focus on speech recognition and synthesis. The paper concludes with an identification of open scientific and technological problems, based on our interpretation of results, which we identify as critical for the acceptance and usability of robots by an ageing society.","PeriodicalId":134777,"journal":{"name":"2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127433621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}