Advances in Clinical Toxicology最新文献_第6页

Can Essential Oils be a Potent Alternative of Synthetic Antioxidants? 精油是合成抗氧化剂的有效替代品吗?

Advances in Clinical Toxicology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/act-16000229

Sunita Singh

{"title":"Can Essential Oils be a Potent Alternative of Synthetic Antioxidants?","authors":"Sunita Singh","doi":"10.23880/act-16000229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/act-16000229","url":null,"abstract":"Aromatic plants and spice are well known for their beneficial properties on human health. A considerable amount of literature is present where the studies are mainly focused on the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the plant extracts. Essential oils are one of the plant extracts mainly consists of volatile and non-volatile parts having numerous applications in multiple industries. They are widely used in perfumery and pharmaceutical industries. Now days, they have a very high commercial value due to its therapeutic properties. The therapeutic properties are related to bioactive compounds present in these essential oils. Numbers of review articles have reported about their strong radical scavenging capacity and ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation, especially in food and cosmetic products. They are complex mixtures of volatile compounds such as terpenes (mostly monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes), phenolics and alcohols. However, the essential oils are highly complex and may include oxygenated compounds. The variability among their chemical composition reported in various studies made their comparison very difficult. The other main concern in interpretation of the published results is the variation found among the analytical methods used for the determination of antioxidant capacity of these Essential oils. These antioxidant assays differ from each other in terms of reaction mechanisms, oxidant and target species, reaction conditions. Therefore, a multipletest and a simultaneous chemical characterization must be taken into account whenever assays of these essential oils are performed. Furthermore, prooxidant property of essential oils is also reported which is related to proteins and DNA damage at cellular level. All these factors must be taken into account when the antioxidant properties of essential oils are considered. However, seeing the current trends towards green consumerism and results published in support of the antioxidant properties of these essential oils, it will be a potent alternative of synthetic antioxidants.","PeriodicalId":134434,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Toxicology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130625559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Defensive Medicine as a Tool against the Malpractice Issues 防御医学作为应对医疗事故问题的工具

Advances in Clinical Toxicology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/act-16000262

Heba A. Yassa

{"title":"Defensive Medicine as a Tool against the Malpractice Issues","authors":"Heba A. Yassa","doi":"10.23880/act-16000262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/act-16000262","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Defensive medicine is the requesting for procedures, tests, referral and /or avoidance of high-risk patients with the aim that to minimize the malpractice liability. These tests or measures are done mainly as a safeguard and not for the benefit of patients. OTA (The Office of Technology Assessment) described the procedures done to the patients as they ordered to minimize the risk of malpractice and so not all action of defensive medicine are bad to patients. Defensive medicine can take either positive or negative forms, depending on the direction of deviation from typical practice. Negative DM involves withholding or avoiding high-risk treatments and diagnostic tests to avoid possible associated risks and poor outcomes that might lead to a malpractice suit. Conversely, positive type of DM is characterized by the do excessive, unnecessary diagnostic tests and interventions to decrease risk of being found negligent. The practice of defensive medicine DM is a significant financial burden on health care systems. In Egypt, Defensive medicine creeping rapidly, this may be due to the fear of doctors from being accused of malpractice, inflicting harm to the patient for not doing enough or decrease the patient satisfaction. Conclusion: Defensive medicine is a deviation from the ethical medicine but when discussing the DM, we should take in mind the concerns of doctors about the legal issues and their harm being in court due to their efforts with the patients, so in doctors view it is the only action to minimize the risk of malpractice issues, or in another words it is fear from patient dissatisfaction.","PeriodicalId":134434,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Toxicology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123981936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mastery Learning of Toxicology Life Support Skills by ICU & Emergency Toxicology Nurses using Simulation Technology in India 印度ICU和急诊毒理学护士运用模拟技术掌握毒理学生命支持技能的学习

Advances in Clinical Toxicology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/act-16000176

Verma V

引用次数: 0

The Role of Nerve Growth Factor in Alergic Reactions and Healing Process of Tissues 神经生长因子在过敏反应及组织愈合过程中的作用

Advances in Clinical Toxicology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/act-16000241

I. Ferjan

引用次数: 0

Waste Management of Seafood Processing Effluents, Hadhramout Governorate, Yemen 海产品加工废水的废物管理，哈德拉莫特省，也门

Advances in Clinical Toxicology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/act-16000202

Nada Mol-Aldwila

{"title":"Waste Management of Seafood Processing Effluents, Hadhramout Governorate, Yemen","authors":"Nada Mol-Aldwila","doi":"10.23880/act-16000202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/act-16000202","url":null,"abstract":"Wastewater samples were collected from the Hadhramout Governorate/Yemen. Ten wastewater samples were collected from the biggest three fish canning factories in Hadhramout Governorate/Yemen (Tuna for Canning Packing Fishing Factory, AL Mukalla fish canning factory and Sabaa fishing factory). During this study, special precautions were taken to avoid samples contamination during collection, transportation, and preservation and laboratory analyses. The three bacteria isolates (Pseudomonas sp. Y1, Pseudomonas sp. Y2, Hafnia sp. Y) from wastewater fish canning showed a good results in pollutants removal as compared to the 45 isolated species bacteria. Results of the present study proved the biotechnological importance and advantages of using the tested bacteria for wastewater treatment where promising removal of the investigated contaminants were achieved in a short time. For organic matter removal, the highest achieved OOM, BOD5 and COD RE recorded 79, 74 and 73% achieved by ponds, respectively. For oil and grease the highest achieved FOG RE recorded 87% and was achieved by ponds. Removal of wastewater pollutants, where the results showed laboratory based on the concentration of pollutants before and after the treatment occurs, the removal of organic matter (OOM, BOD, and COD), oil and grease at rates of 70%, 60%, 50% and 85% respectively by treatment ponds. Pond, which was shown to have high potential for use in wastewater treatment, was tested for its ability to treat the wastewater sample. It was found that waste decomposition by natural microorganisms already present in the wastewater. Finally, our study indicates that strains of Pseudomonas and Hafnia alvei isolated from wastewater samples of fish canning industry of Hadramout, Yemen and ponds method were able to be the pollutants that these strains could be efficient pollutants removal.","PeriodicalId":134434,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Toxicology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128663862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanism of Action of Nerve Growth Factor Induced Histamine Release from Mast Cells during the Inflammation Process 炎症过程中神经生长因子诱导肥大细胞释放组胺的作用机制

Advances in Clinical Toxicology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/act-16000255

I. Ferjan

{"title":"Mechanism of Action of Nerve Growth Factor Induced Histamine Release from Mast Cells during the Inflammation Process","authors":"I. Ferjan","doi":"10.23880/act-16000255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/act-16000255","url":null,"abstract":"Mast cells and the biogenic amine, histamine, play a central role in inflammatory reactions. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is essetial for the survival of neurones and has significant role in inflammation and repair of tissues. It has been shown, that NGF induces degranulation of mast cells by interacting with tropomyosine-receptor kinase A (TrkA receptor). NGF can induce release of histamine and other mediators from mast cells or enhance secretion induced by different stimuli. The results of our and others previous studies show, that histamine release from mast cells induced by NGF is strongly dependent on the concentration of extracellular Na+ , Ca2+ ions. The extracellular Na+ ions can affect the activity of Na+ /Ca2+ exchanger of mast cells. Na+ , Ca2+ exchange mechanisms could be important in secretory process of mast cells. The studies of different signaling molecules in NGF induced histamine relese have shown that tyrosine kinase, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, protein kinase C and phospholipase C are also involved in the signal transduction process responsible for NGF induced histamine secretion from mast cells. These data indicate that NGF may contribute in allergic reactions and many other inflammatory states.","PeriodicalId":134434,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Toxicology","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127503367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toxicological Implications of Hexavalent Chromium in Humans 六价铬对人体的毒理学影响

Advances in Clinical Toxicology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/act-16000251

P. Das

{"title":"Toxicological Implications of Hexavalent Chromium in Humans","authors":"P. Das","doi":"10.23880/act-16000251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/act-16000251","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metals are quite important as far as industrial production is concerned. This may be attributed to several characteristic properties of the metals which include high strength, durability, high melting and/or boiling point, resistance to environmental temperatures and corrosion. Chromium (Cr) is an important heavy metal that finds wide uses in industries and manufacturing processes. Hexavalent chromium or Cr (VI) is one of the stable states of Cr with demonstrably high toxicity. The Cr (VI) is mostly released from anthropogenic sources like industrial and mining activities and is responsible for disturbing the environmental homeostasis. Cr (VI) mostly affects the environmental matrices including soil, water, and air thus leading to severe toxicity. The high mobility and solubility of Cr (VI) makes it permeable through almost all membranes including human skin. Reports indicate Cr (VI) to be a potent human carcinogen thus leading to several health issues including cancer. The present editorial discusses about the various sources of Cr (VI) toxicity in the environment along with its mode of exposure in humans. It further discusses the mechanism of Cr (VI) toxicity in humans and the effects therein. The paper concludes by highlighting the urgent need to address the situation by means of implementing strict governmental regulations along with sustainable remediation practices to control the menace.","PeriodicalId":134434,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Toxicology","volume":"60 7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127582556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On Autism: One Case 关于自闭症:一个案例

Advances in Clinical Toxicology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/act-16000214

P. Cusack

引用次数: 0

Cardiovascular Complications during COVID-19 Infection COVID-19感染期间的心血管并发症

Advances in Clinical Toxicology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/act-16000196

R. Saraswathy

{"title":"Cardiovascular Complications during COVID-19 Infection","authors":"R. Saraswathy","doi":"10.23880/act-16000196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23880/act-16000196","url":null,"abstract":"In December 2019 a serious outbreak of pneumonia emerged in china. The infection Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), spreads the infection rapidly from China to other countries, and the World Health Organization (WHO) announced Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic. Coronaviruses (CoV) contain a single-stranded RNA genome. The Coronavirus infected through respiratory droplets will be a high-level of transmission and to develop acute respiratory failure but a large portion of patients exploit cardiovascular manifestations. The WHO has stated by august 2020 that 26,171,112 confirmed COVID-19 positive cases and 865,154 deaths were determined all over the world. COVID-19 the consequential hazards to the public health care system of COVID-19 infection for people underlying medical problems have a significantly increased risk of death, especially the ones carrying hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cerebrovascular disease. Possible vaccines and drugs to treat COVID-19 infection are undergoing. This review discussed cardiovascular complications in severe acute respiratory syndrome produced by coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).","PeriodicalId":134434,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Toxicology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132324137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

General Overview of Yeast and Yeast Cell as a Novel Model for Investigations 酵母和酵母细胞作为一种新的研究模型的概述

Advances in Clinical Toxicology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.23880/act-16000252

Y. Lahir

引用次数: 0