IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science最新文献_第2页

A Position Sensitive Detector With Real-Time Gamma/Neutron Discrimination Capability 具有实时伽马/中子识别能力的位置敏感探测器

IF 1.9 3区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2025.3581712

O. Halfon;C. Riboldi;K. Urban;G. Borghi;M. Carminati;F. Bonforte;M. Donetti;M. Pullia;F. Camera;A. Giaz;C. Fiorini

{"title":"A Position Sensitive Detector With Real-Time Gamma/Neutron Discrimination Capability","authors":"O. Halfon;C. Riboldi;K. Urban;G. Borghi;M. Carminati;F. Bonforte;M. Donetti;M. Pullia;F. Camera;A. Giaz;C. Fiorini","doi":"10.1109/TNS.2025.3581712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2025.3581712","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the demand for a gamma and neutron camera with real time discrimination capabilities has emerged in nuclear physics and medical imaging fields. Specifically, in the field of hadrontherapy, prompt gamma imaging (PGI), a technique for range verification purposes, is strongly affected by the presence of a large neutron background, which can limit the possibility to perform precise range monitoring, especially in the framework of carbon ion radiation therapy (CIRT). This work focuses on the design and development of a compact camera with gamma/neutron discrimination to perform range verification in hadrontherapy, exploiting the gamma signal while discarding the uncorrelated neutron component. Thanks to its dual imaging capability, neutron images can still be stored and used in other applications. Pulse shape discrimination (PSD) was selected as the method for gamma/neutron discrimination after evaluating several techniques. Among the available options, we selected a Cs2LiYCl6:Ce (CLYC) inorganic scintillator as the optimal choice to perform PSD. The detector, based on a <inline-formula> <tex-math>$5times 5times 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm CLYC crystal, read out by SiPM tiles and compact electronics, acquires and converts in real time digital PSD coefficients. The use of four 16-channel custom gain amplitude modulation multichannel application-specific integrated circuits (GAMMA ASICs) allows to store the channel’s amplitude information, allowing to retrieve the particle point of interaction in the monolithic crystal and obtaining PSD-resolved images. The system discrimination capability was verified with experimental measurements in the laboratory and beam tests, and a preliminary evaluation of its imaging capability with real-time PSD was successfully conducted.","PeriodicalId":13406,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science","volume":"72 7","pages":"2215-2221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11045737","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science publication information IEEE核科学汇刊信息

IF 1.9 3区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2025.3577954

引用次数: 0

On-Orbit Cross Calibration of Energetic Electron Flux Measurements From Three Chinese Satellites and GPS ns70 and ns71 中国三颗卫星与GPS ns70和ns71高能电子通量的在轨交叉定标

IF 1.9 3区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2025.3580760

Jiachen Sun;Hong Zou;Yuguang Ye;Jiali Chen

{"title":"On-Orbit Cross Calibration of Energetic Electron Flux Measurements From Three Chinese Satellites and GPS ns70 and ns71","authors":"Jiachen Sun;Hong Zou;Yuguang Ye;Jiali Chen","doi":"10.1109/TNS.2025.3580760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2025.3580760","url":null,"abstract":"Cross calibration of energetic electron flux measurements from different satellites is essential for understanding the dynamics of the Earth’s radiation belts and for modeling the space radiation environment. In this article, we calibrate and analyze the energetic electron data measured by three Chinese medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites (M17, M18, and M19) and two global positioning system (GPS) satellites (ns70 and ns71). Strong correlations and consistencies were found between the MEO satellites and GPS satellites using L and magnetic local time (MLT) as binning standards. We show that the measurements from the detectors onboard these satellites are basically the same with a maximum difference of 22% on a logarithmic scale. Finally, a simple calibration based on phase space density (PSD) improves the correlations and consistencies between MEO satellites and GPS, reducing the maximum difference to 2% on a logarithmic scale. It also showed that these satellites are very close to the precise Van Allen probes (VAPs) since GPS had been calibrated by them in a previous study. This will help to fill the significant data gap in MEO and provide crucial insights into particle dynamic variations within the core region (L ~ 5) of radiation belts. It is expected that the availability of data from non-scientific satellites will increase, providing a more comprehensive set of multipoint measurements for scientific research.","PeriodicalId":13406,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science","volume":"72 7","pages":"2163-2172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science information for authors IEEE核科学汇刊作者信息

IF 1.9 3区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2025.3578222

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3D-Printed Plastic Scintillator: A Potential Avenue for Hetero-Structured Radiation Detectors 3d打印塑料闪烁体：异质结构辐射探测器的潜在途径

IF 1.9 3区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2025.3580284

V. Anand;P. Krause;B. Bansal;G. Bizarri;G. Anil Kumar;V. Ranga;Varun Sharma

{"title":"3D-Printed Plastic Scintillator: A Potential Avenue for Hetero-Structured Radiation Detectors","authors":"V. Anand;P. Krause;B. Bansal;G. Bizarri;G. Anil Kumar;V. Ranga;Varun Sharma","doi":"10.1109/TNS.2025.3580284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2025.3580284","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of a heterostructure-based scintillation detector has been proposed as a potential alternative to current time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET) detectors. In a heterostructure design, a dense scintillator (matrix) works in synergy with a fast-timing light scintillator (filler). The design often includes complex geometries, necessitating precise machining. The application of 3D printing technology can facilitate the fabrication of such complex geometries. This study presents the formulation and fabrication of a 3D-printed plastic scintillator, which has been identified as a potential filler material. The developed scintillator shows better rise and decay times compared to commercial plastic scintillators such as EJ-200. We have measured a coincidence time resolution (CTR) of 225 ps using <inline-formula> <tex-math>$gamma - gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> coincidence. Monte-Carlo simulations were performed using the Geant4 toolkit to validate the advantages of using complex filler material designs. The simulation outcomes demonstrate significant improvement in the performance of heterostructures in the case of complex designs over simpler ones. The findings of this study underscore the promise of using 3D printing technology for producing complex heterostructures. This can help in advancing the development of TOF-PET detectors with comparatively reduced effort.","PeriodicalId":13406,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science","volume":"72 7","pages":"2100-2105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Development of Fast Front-End Electronics for the Muon Trigger Detector in the PSI muEDM Experiment PSI muEDM实验中μ子触发探测器快速前端电子器件的研制

IF 1.9 3区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2025.3578674

Tianqi Hu;Guan Ming Wong;Chavdar Dutsov;Siew Yan Hoh;Kim Siang Khaw;Diego Alejandro Sanz Becerra;Philipp Schmidt-Wellenburg;Yuzhi Shang;Yusuke Takeuchi

{"title":"Development of Fast Front-End Electronics for the Muon Trigger Detector in the PSI muEDM Experiment","authors":"Tianqi Hu;Guan Ming Wong;Chavdar Dutsov;Siew Yan Hoh;Kim Siang Khaw;Diego Alejandro Sanz Becerra;Philipp Schmidt-Wellenburg;Yuzhi Shang;Yusuke Takeuchi","doi":"10.1109/TNS.2025.3578674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2025.3578674","url":null,"abstract":"This article outlines the design and development of a fast front-end electronic readout board for the muon trigger detector in the muEDM experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI). The trigger detector, which consists of a gate and aperture detector, is strategically located at the end of the superconducting injection channel to generate trigger signals for a magnetic kicker, which activates upon the injection of muons into the central region of the storage solenoid. Within the magnetic field of the solenoid, the system configuration is optimized to meet stringent performance specifications, including minimal signal propagation delays, high detection efficiency, non-magnetic properties, and consistent operational stability under varying experimental conditions. In addition, the design incorporates robust methods for rejecting positron contamination in the muon beamline. The results presented include performance evaluations from both bench testing and actual beam tests, highlighting the effectiveness and reliability of the electronic design.","PeriodicalId":13406,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science","volume":"72 7","pages":"2229-2237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The Influence of Electronic Stopping on Displacement Damage and the Correction of Effective NIEL Model 电子停车对位移损伤的影响及有效NIEL模型的修正

IF 1.9 3区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2025.3578355

Bin Zhang;Tao Ying;Weiqi Li;Xiaodong Xu;Jianqun Yang;Xingji Li

{"title":"The Influence of Electronic Stopping on Displacement Damage and the Correction of Effective NIEL Model","authors":"Bin Zhang;Tao Ying;Weiqi Li;Xiaodong Xu;Jianqun Yang;Xingji Li","doi":"10.1109/TNS.2025.3578355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2025.3578355","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we utilized molecular dynamics (MD) simulation techniques to study the cascade collision process of the primary knock-on atom (PKA) in silicon (Si), with incident energy ranging from 0.1 to 20 keV. Based on the electron–phonon MD (EPH) model, we investigated the influence of electronic stopping power on defect evolution. The research results indicate that the presence of electron stopping may not only inhibit the formation of defects, leading to a reduction in the number of defects induced by low-energy particles, but also hinder the recombination process of defects, increasing the number of stable defects after high-energy particle irradiation of materials. Based on the Norgett, Robinson, and Torrens (NRT) model and MD simulations, we applied a correction to the effective non-ionizing energy loss (NIEL) model by introducing the athermal recombination corrected (ARC) model. By controlling the physical processes of electron stopping, we have discussed the role of electron stopping in effective NIEL. The numerical calculation results show that our model exhibits a high degree of similarity in trends with traditional analytical methods. In the case of particle incidence at the kiloelectronvolt level, the effect of electron stopping on the calculation of NIEL is particularly significant. Furthermore, we have also found that a higher displacement threshold parameter setting can increase the magnitude of the NIEL values.","PeriodicalId":13406,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science","volume":"72 7","pages":"2130-2136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Design of a Pixel-Level Low-Dropout Regulator With Sub-Loop Compensation in Large Matrix Readout ASICs for Space X-Ray Imaging 空间x射线成像大矩阵读出asic中带子环路补偿的像素级低差稳压器设计

IF 1.9 3区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2025.3577357

Xiaoyu Wu;Jingsi Cheng;Yaoxing Dou;Ting Lu;Wu Gao

{"title":"Design of a Pixel-Level Low-Dropout Regulator With Sub-Loop Compensation in Large Matrix Readout ASICs for Space X-Ray Imaging","authors":"Xiaoyu Wu;Jingsi Cheng;Yaoxing Dou;Ting Lu;Wu Gao","doi":"10.1109/TNS.2025.3577357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2025.3577357","url":null,"abstract":"In energy-resolved X-ray imaging, non-ideal factors impact the application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) for pixel readout. Integrating a low-dropout (LDO) regulator within the pixel array helps to improve consistency, but the design of pixel-level LDOs faces significant challenges under stringent power, stability, and area constraints. This article proposes a novel pixel-level LDO architecture employing sub-loop (SL) compensation to simultaneously enhance stability and transient response characteristics. The SL structure generates a left-half-plane (LHP) zero to cancel the secondary pole and is driven directly by the first stage of the error amplifier (EA) without requiring additional operational amplifiers. This approach achieves a <inline-formula> <tex-math>$3times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> reduction in compensation capacitance while maintaining a phase margin (PM) exceeding 60° across all load conditions. Furthermore, we introduce for the first time an LDO-based calibration method to mitigate the inter-pixel gain inconsistency caused by supply and ground voltage drops and manufacturing mismatches. A prototype chip has been designed and fabricated using a 130-nm CMOS process. The LDO occupies only <inline-formula> <tex-math>$1500~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m2 of die area while consuming a quiescent current of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$26~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>A. When deployed in super-pixel constructions to validate the calibration scheme, the measured standard deviations of gain variation improved from 0.25 (uncorrected) to 0.08 mV/fC (corrected).","PeriodicalId":13406,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science","volume":"72 7","pages":"2245-2253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling the Radiation-Induced Attenuation Limits in Optical Fibers During Concurrent Irradiation, Thermal Annealing, and Photobleaching 模拟光纤在同步辐照、热退火和光漂白过程中的辐射诱导衰减极限

IF 1.9 3区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2025.3577108

Joseph J. Schuyt;Dominic A. Moseley;Bartholomew M. Ludbrook;Shahna M. Haneef;Rodney A. Badcock

{"title":"Modeling the Radiation-Induced Attenuation Limits in Optical Fibers During Concurrent Irradiation, Thermal Annealing, and Photobleaching","authors":"Joseph J. Schuyt;Dominic A. Moseley;Bartholomew M. Ludbrook;Shahna M. Haneef;Rodney A. Badcock","doi":"10.1109/TNS.2025.3577108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2025.3577108","url":null,"abstract":"The radiation-induced attenuations (RIAs) observed in optical fibers can be understood in terms of charge transfer and trapping rates using simple zero-field kinetic models. Herein, we analytically evaluate a one trap one recombination center (OTOR) kinetic model, wherein the primary trap state is actively thermally and/or optically bleached during the period of irradiation. Considering only the equilibrated system, we derive equations that describe the saturated trap concentrations in terms of the important experimental inputs: the radiation dose rate, the temperature, and the optical power. The equations are then reformulated in terms of saturation RIA values. Various optical fiber RIA data are extracted from the literature, wherein the aforementioned experimental inputs were varied. The derived equations describe these data with high fidelity in terms of the experimentally determined radiation dose rates, temperatures, and optical powers. Thus, we demonstrate a method through which high dose RIA values can be understood, modeled, and predicted under different experimental irradiation and bleaching conditions.","PeriodicalId":13406,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science","volume":"72 7","pages":"2154-2162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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A Denoising Method for X-Ray Ptychography Combining a Physical Diffraction Model With a Deep Image Prior Network 结合物理衍射模型和深度图像先验网络的x射线平面照相去噪方法

IF 1.9 3区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2025.3576760

Mengnan Liu;Yu Han;Xiaoqi Xi;Qi Zhong;Liyang Zhang;Lei Li;Zijian Xu;Xiangzhi Zhang;Bin Yan

{"title":"A Denoising Method for X-Ray Ptychography Combining a Physical Diffraction Model With a Deep Image Prior Network","authors":"Mengnan Liu;Yu Han;Xiaoqi Xi;Qi Zhong;Liyang Zhang;Lei Li;Zijian Xu;Xiangzhi Zhang;Bin Yan","doi":"10.1109/TNS.2025.3576760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2025.3576760","url":null,"abstract":"X-ray ptychography is a lensless imaging technology with promising applications that can achieve nanometer resolution. However, the noise in the diffraction patterns degrades the performance of the phase recovery algorithms for ptychography. In reconstructed objects, the artifacts can affect details. We categorize the noise in the diffraction patterns into static intensity (SI) and dynamic random noise (DRN), which lead to periodic artifacts (PAs) and random noise in the reconstructed object. A denoising method for X-ray ptychography is, therefore, proposed to suppress the SI and DRN by a unified mathematical model. An explicit noise constraint based on the physical diffraction model (PDM) and an implicit prior regarding the object for network extraction are integrated to construct a joint noise constraint (JNC). Simulations and soft X-ray experiments demonstrate the advanced capability of the proposed method for noise suppression. Compared with other methods [extended ptychographical iterative engine (ePIE) and periodic-artifact suppressing algorithm (PASA)], the proposed method has high robustness and generality.","PeriodicalId":13406,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science","volume":"72 7","pages":"2194-2205"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0