Zuhair Abbas;Jun-Hyeok Heo;Ikhlaq Ahmad;Jun-Kyu Kang;Jin Hur
{"title":"3-D FE Analysis of Magnet Segmentation for Optimizing Thrust Force and Eddy Current Loss of Arc Linear Servo Motor","authors":"Zuhair Abbas;Jun-Hyeok Heo;Ikhlaq Ahmad;Jun-Kyu Kang;Jin Hur","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2024.3521042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2024.3521042","url":null,"abstract":"When employing high-magnetic co-energy sintered NdFeB magnets, permanent magnet linear synchronous machines (PMLSMs) exhibit several advantages over traditional induction and direct current machines, including greater thrust capability and efficiency. However, during operation at high frequencies, significant eddy current losses in the permanent magnet (PM) can result in elevated temperatures, increasing the risk of irreversible demagnetization. This issue is further compounded by the large air gap in such machines, making the thrust force a critical factor for ensuring efficient performance. A complete magnet segmentation (CMS) can be an effective method for reducing the PM eddy current losses, but it reduces the thrust characteristics and mechanical robustness of the PMLSM. Therefore, a partial magnet segmentation (PMS), namely, single-side PMS (SSPMS), is studied for the new arc-structured PMLSM to optimize the eddy current loss and thrust force. A comparison between the initial PM, CMS, and SSPMS is performed using the Ansys Maxwell 3-D finite element analysis (FEA) tool. The results demonstrate that the SSPMS configuration significantly reduces PM eddy current loss while maintaining the same thrust force. Moreover, it offers superior mechanical robustness and lower manufacturing costs compared to the conventional CMS.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 2","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10865832","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Magnetics Society Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3533336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3533336","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 2","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10865806","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on the Overload Protection Characteristics of Rapid Disconnect Permanent Magnet Eddy Current Friction Torque Limiter","authors":"Yuting Wang;Kou Ziming;Hong Zhang;Qianyi Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3534464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3534464","url":null,"abstract":"This article proposes a new type of high-power rapid disconnect permanent magnet (PM) eddy current friction torque limiter (RDPMEFTL) in response to the existing situation of the friction torque limiter’s short life and poor reliability for overload protection devices for coal mine machinery. The RDPMEFTL’s basic principle is to combine the permanent magnetic eddy current transmission mechanism with friction clutch and to use the permanent magnetic eddy current structure to control the friction torque limiter’s opening and closing in order to achieve the transmission system’s overload protection. First, the basic structure and working principle of the PM friction torque limiter are described, and then, a 2-D analytical model of the slotted PM drive structure is given based on the subdomain method, and the distributions of its air-gap magnetic field and conductor currents are investigated. Then, we obtain the characteristics of the changes of its electromagnetic axial force and torque with the slip and air gap. Second, the electromagnetic–mechanical coupling model of the whole drive system was established by combining the Karnopp friction model with the electromagnetic model, and the dynamics and electromagnetic response of the starting, overloading, and stopping processes were analyzed. Compared with the dry friction torque limiter, the RDPMEFTL will effectively improve the reliability and service life of the drive system, reduce the corresponding downtime maintenance work, and increase the productivity. Finally, tests were conducted with a small prototype and the test results were compared with the results of the analytical solution and 3-D finite element analysis, and they were basically consistent.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 3","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Filipe Favita;Pedro D. R. Araujo;Francisco Matos;Susana Cardoso;Paulo P. Freitas
{"title":"Evaluation of the Feasibility of TMR Sensor Array Vertical Packing for Enhanced Detectivity","authors":"Filipe Favita;Pedro D. R. Araujo;Francisco Matos;Susana Cardoso;Paulo P. Freitas","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3536185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3536185","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing the number of vertically packed magnetic sensors in parallel has been proposed to improve field detectivity. However, practical implementation of these ultracompact architectures suffers from the increased surface roughness and magnetic coupling between tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) levels, which can negatively impact the sensor’s performance. To mitigate these effects, several strategies are evaluated in this work: aligned, shifted, and alternating integration of the TMR arrays. Moreover, different free layer sensitivities are explored, using NiFe and CoFeBSi free layers. Among these, the optimized geometry is shown to be two-level TMR sensors distributed in an alternating geometry that demonstrated superior performance to single-level TMR arrays, achieving a detectivity of 3.9 nT<inline-formula> <tex-math>$cdot $ </tex-math></inline-formula>Hz<inline-formula> <tex-math>${}^{-1/2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> with a NiFe free layer and 8.3 nT<inline-formula> <tex-math>$cdot $ </tex-math></inline-formula>Hz<inline-formula> <tex-math>${}^{-1/2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> at 10 Hz with a CoFeBSi-based free layer.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 6","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kihiro T. Yamada;Sergiu Ruta;Alexey V. Kimel;Kiran Horabail Prabhakara;Tian Li;Fuyuki Ando;Sergey Semin;Teruo Ono;Andrei Kirilyuk;Roy W. Chantrell;Theo Rasing
{"title":"Ultrafast Ferromagnetic Spin Switching by a Single Pair of Optical Pulses","authors":"Kihiro T. Yamada;Sergiu Ruta;Alexey V. Kimel;Kiran Horabail Prabhakara;Tian Li;Fuyuki Ando;Sergey Semin;Teruo Ono;Andrei Kirilyuk;Roy W. Chantrell;Theo Rasing","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3535670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3535670","url":null,"abstract":"All-optical magnetic recording potentially realizes orders of magnitude faster and more energy-efficient writing of magnetic bits but all-optical switching (AOS) of ferromagnets is so far ultraslow. Here, we demonstrate a new mechanism to all-optically switch ferromagnetic spins on picosecond (ps) time scales by using a pair of one femtosecond (fs) linearly polarized <inline-formula> <tex-math>$(pi)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and one properly delayed ps circularly polarized <inline-formula> <tex-math>$(sigma)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> laser pulse for a Pt/Co/Pt multilayer. Our experiments show that the helicity-dependent absorption of the ps-delayed ps <inline-formula> <tex-math>$sigma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> pulse can deterministically steer the spin relaxation after destroying the ferromagnetic order by the fs <inline-formula> <tex-math>$pi $ </tex-math></inline-formula> pulse. Atomistic spin-dynamics simulations show that the reversal occurs within approximately 3 ps through an unprecedented mechanism, where nanoscale spin textures created by the fs <inline-formula> <tex-math>$pi $ </tex-math></inline-formula> pulse preferentially switch via magnetic circular dichroism (MCD), producing a spin- and helicity-dependent temperature difference of only a few Kelvin. Thus, a new route to deterministic ultrafast switching of nanoscale ferromagnetic media for ultrahigh-density recording is opened up.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 6","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing the Sensitivity and Detection Depth of a Single-Sided Magnetic Particle Spectrometer Using Ferrite Cores","authors":"Qibin Wang;Kaixiong Yang;Lingwen Hou;Haohao Yan;Yu Zeng;Yihan Wang;Franziska Schrank;Harald Radermacher;Volkmar Schulz;Shouping Zhu","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3535758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3535758","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS), first developed in relation to magnetic particle imaging (MPI) since its introduction in 2005, has been widely applied in biomedical detection and the evaluation of magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) performance in MPI. Its high sensitivity, low cost, and portability make MPS an essential tool for these applications. However, traditional MPS devices are limited by their enclosed measurement chambers, which restrict their application to solutions placed in small test tubes. Therefore, developing MPS devices that are not constrained by the size of the subject is crucial for clinical applications. Single-sided MPS devices, which concentrate the coils on one side, are not restricted by the size of the object being measured, making them directly applicable to clinical research. However, single-sided MPS devices are currently limited in terms of detection depth and sensitivity due to the rapid attenuation of the magnetic field with distance. To address this issue, in this work, we propose incorporating a soft magnetic core (Mn-Zn ferrite) into the single-sided MPS to enhance the magnetic flux density of the excitation field, thereby increasing detection depth. Additionally, we introduce a surface receiving coil design to replace the traditional solenoidal receiving coil, further improving sensitivity. The results demonstrate that the sensitivity increases by approximately ten times, and the detection depth is doubled.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 3","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Calculation of Mutual Inductance of Two Coaxial Thick Coils With Rectangular Cross Section by Using Cylindrical Multipole Expansion","authors":"Filip Vučić;Davor Dobrota","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3535634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3535634","url":null,"abstract":"A triple power series expansion for mutual inductance of two coaxial thick coils with rectangular cross section is obtained. Previously developed calculation methods consist of either semi-analytical methods containing numerical calculations or exact expressions containing integrals that cannot be analytically evaluated. In contrast, the triple series expansion obtained in this article is a complete and purely analytical expression—a triple power series. The triple sum contains one free parameter that is restricted by necessary and sufficient convergence conditions. To apply the method in practice, the sums are truncated, with the choice of parameter significantly impacting convergence properties and obtained precision. A theoretical analysis and empirical tests were carried out to devise a heuristic algorithm for finding a good value for the free parameter. The method’s effectiveness and very high performance were verified by comparing it to the relevant literature. Especially good results are achieved in the far-field case with sub-microsecond execution times and more than 10 significant digits of precision.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 3","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Time-Resolved Observations of a Surface Domain Wall Distortions Induced by Torsion in Amorphous Glass-Coated Microwires","authors":"O. Vahovsky;L. Fecova;K. Richter","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3534322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3534322","url":null,"abstract":"The amorphous glass-coated microwires are composite materials that have been extensively studied due to their very high domain wall (DW) velocities. Recently, it was shown that the apparent fast motion of DWs results from a specific tilting orientation, which is induced by high uniaxial mechanical stresses. While several models describe the internal spin structure of the DW, it remains unclear how the DW distorts at local defects and pinning sites. In this article, we present direct, time-resolved observations of DW distortion induced by mechanical torsion. The magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) is used to investigate the interaction between mechanical torsion and surface deformation of the DW through direct time-resolved measurements.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 6","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Slanovc;M. Stipsitz;H. Sanchis-Alepuz;D. Suess;M. Ortner
{"title":"Error Correction of Analytical Magnetic Field Expressions With Neural Networks","authors":"F. Slanovc;M. Stipsitz;H. Sanchis-Alepuz;D. Suess;M. Ortner","doi":"10.1109/TMAG.2025.3533912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2025.3533912","url":null,"abstract":"Analytical formulas for calculating magnetic fields have been derived in the past for common magnet types, offering microsecond-level computational speed ideal for magnet system modeling. These formulas mostly assume perfect homogeneity of the magnetization, leading to slight deviations from real field values where material interaction plays a role. This article introduces a physics-based neural network (NN) that reduces errors occurring from the self-demagnetization effect by an order of magnitude, maintaining fast computational speed.","PeriodicalId":13405,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Magnetics","volume":"61 6","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144186002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}