Hamid Reza Abbasi, Jalil A. Rashed-Mohassel, Mohammad Naser Moghadasi
{"title":"Cross-talk reduction in metamaterial and non-uniform transmission lines","authors":"Hamid Reza Abbasi, Jalil A. Rashed-Mohassel, Mohammad Naser Moghadasi","doi":"10.1049/mia2.12476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/mia2.12476","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The electromagnetic compatibility analysis of RF circuitry is essential due to the adverse effects on sensitive components. Two metamaterial unit cells with slow-wave properties are presented for cross-talk reduction in transmission lines. The analytical expressions for computing equivalent lumped elements of the lines are then provided. The dispersion diagram is obtained from the parameters extracted from the measurement. A microstrip as the generator line and five identical CRLH unit cells as the receptor line are then used and a significant reduction in cross-talk is observed in comparison to conventional lines. A non-uniform transmission line with two different CRLH unit cells as the receptor line is then employed and found effective in further cross-talk reduction between the lines. The lengths of the lines and numbers of cells are kept the same in all lines for comparison. The simulated results are validated by measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":13374,"journal":{"name":"Iet Microwaves Antennas & Propagation","volume":"18 6","pages":"459-466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/mia2.12476","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141424873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low sidelobe planar electrically large sparse array antenna with element number reduction based on genetic algorithm","authors":"Yangkun Zhu, Wenyu Ma, Chuang Wang, Wenquan Cao","doi":"10.1049/mia2.12475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/mia2.12475","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conventionally, both electrically larger (EL) arrays and sparse arrays offer the advantage of element number reduction but disadvantage of high sidelobe levels. A new scheme of planar EL sparse array antenna based on a genetic algorithm (GA) to achieve low sidelobe with element number reduction is proposed. To begin with, EL sparse array antenna optimisation models based on GA for both linear and planar arrays are analysed. Then, an EL slot antenna element based on a 3 × 3 substrate integrated waveguide cavity is designed. An 8-element linear EL sparse array antenna is designed and compared with a uniform array antenna, demonstrating a reduction in the maximum sidelobe level (MSLL) by nearly 4.6 dB. After that, a 4 × 8 element planar EL sparse array antenna is fabricated and measured. Compared to an 8 × 16 element planar EL uniform array antenna, the number of antenna elements is reduced by 75%, while the MSLL is reduced by approximately 3 dB. The measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth ranges from 25.3 to 27.8 GHz. At the central frequency, the radiation pattern achieves a peak gain of 29.6 dBi, exhibiting low sidelobe levels below −15.0 dB.</p>","PeriodicalId":13374,"journal":{"name":"Iet Microwaves Antennas & Propagation","volume":"18 6","pages":"447-458"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/mia2.12475","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141424872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Iterative synthesis method for high-directivity symmetrical stepped-impedance microstrip parallel-line coupler","authors":"Yun Liu, Xiaojie Zhang, Zhuo Li","doi":"10.1049/mia2.12474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/mia2.12474","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Traditional quarter-wavelength parallel-line couplers (QWPLC) in microstrip form suffer heavily in low directivity because of unbalanced even-mode and odd-mode phase velocities. Related schemes to improve directivity lead to complex structures and large dimensions. This study derives and validates an iterative synthesis method to design a high-directivity microstrip coupler adopting a symmetric stepped-impedance microstrip coupled line (SSIMCL). Given that the even-mode and odd-mode effective dielectric constants (EDCs) vary with the characteristic impedances, the authors take the EDCs of traditional QWPLC as the initial values for an SSIMCL, and the characteristic impedances and EDCs can be computed and converged in several iterations, resulting in good phase delay balance and high coupler directivity. A 20-dB microstrip coupler working at 1 GHz with high directivity is designed, fabricated, and measured. The obtained maximum directivity is 47 dB and approximately 1 GHz, while the relative bandwidth with a directivity higher than 20 dB and a return loss better than 20 dB is larger than 70%. The novel microstrip coupler also features a compact, simple structure shorter than <i>λ</i><sub><i>g</i></sub>/4.</p>","PeriodicalId":13374,"journal":{"name":"Iet Microwaves Antennas & Propagation","volume":"18 6","pages":"439-446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/mia2.12474","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141425127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamad Hossein Anjomshoa, Seyed Ali Razavi Parizi
{"title":"Horn array antenna with high aperture efficiency and suppressed grating lobes","authors":"Mohamad Hossein Anjomshoa, Seyed Ali Razavi Parizi","doi":"10.1049/mia2.12473","DOIUrl":"10.1049/mia2.12473","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the design of horn array antennas, usually there is a challenge with the grating lobe problem and consequently quite low aperture efficiency. A new configuration for horn array antennas is presented which introduces high aperture efficiency with suppressed grating lobes in both E-& H-plane radiation patterns. The proposed array unit cell is a dual-mode horn loaded by two corrugations in E-plane. A sample 4 ⨯ 4 array of the proposed unit cell is designed to operate at Ku band. The simulation and measurement results show 13.3% operating bandwidth over which the grating lobes are totally suppressed and the aperture efficiency is above 70%. The antenna measured gain is also 27 dBi with 2 dB variation over the bandwidth. The results show that the aperture efficiency of 98% is achievable making use of the proposed topology.</p>","PeriodicalId":13374,"journal":{"name":"Iet Microwaves Antennas & Propagation","volume":"18 6","pages":"430-438"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/mia2.12473","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140575393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shiyan Wang, Hao-Chen Li, Yin Li, Zai-Cheng Guo, Gang Zhang, Li Yang, Roberto Gómez-García
{"title":"A wideband end-fire stepped slot antenna with gain enhancement and filtering capability","authors":"Shiyan Wang, Hao-Chen Li, Yin Li, Zai-Cheng Guo, Gang Zhang, Li Yang, Roberto Gómez-García","doi":"10.1049/mia2.12472","DOIUrl":"10.1049/mia2.12472","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A wideband end-fire stepped slot antenna with gain enhancement and filtering capability is proposed. On one hand, a parasitic dipole serving as a director is introduced in the stepped slot to improve the radiation gain of the slot antenna without increasing its physical size. It is found that a gain enhancement of about 2 dB can be achieved after adopting such approach. On the other hand, an absorptive branch possessing a nearly complementary frequency response with regard to the one of the slot antenna is in-parallel loaded at the microstrip feedline. It allows the partial dissipation of the out-of-band/non-radiated RF-signal power of the antenna to attain both an RF-quasi-absorptive behaviour and filtering capability. It is found that after loading the dissipative branch, the out-of-band radiation efficiency of the slot antenna is reduced to less than 20%. The measured results of a fabricated proof-of-concept antenna prototype show a reasonable agreement with the simulated ones and verify the RF performance merits of the proposed stepped slot antenna, such as wide RF operating band covering the 3.39−4.73-GHz range, end-fire radiation with a front-to-back ratio (FBR) above 10 dB, flat radiation gain, and co-integrated filtering functionality with RF-quasi-absorptive capability.</p>","PeriodicalId":13374,"journal":{"name":"Iet Microwaves Antennas & Propagation","volume":"18 6","pages":"422-429"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/mia2.12472","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140575416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bandwidth enhancement of circularly polarised slot global navigation satellite systems antenna using an integrated filter-antenna approach","authors":"Mostafa G. Aly, Yi Wang","doi":"10.1049/mia2.12154","DOIUrl":"10.1049/mia2.12154","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A technique to enhance the bandwidth of a circularly polarised antenna using the filter-antenna design approach is presented. The design relies on adding a resonator coupled to the radiation element—an L-shaped slot antenna in the case of global navigation satellite systems. This change in the feeding structure broadens both the impedance and the axial ratio (AR) bandwidths and allows more design flexibility. Compared with a reference L-shaped slot antenna with a conventional feed, the proposed antenna design achieves a doubling of the impedance matching bandwidth from 19% to 41% over the frequency range from 1.2 to 1.81 GHz and a wider AR bandwidth from 35% to 44.5% in the range from 1.17 to 1.84 GHz. The AR bandwidth covers the entire impedance bandwidth. The effect of a metal reflector on antenna performance is also investigated and discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":13374,"journal":{"name":"Iet Microwaves Antennas & Propagation","volume":"18 5","pages":"297-307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/mia2.12154","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140199248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yujin Zhou, Haoyu Wei, Jun Zhou, Chonghu Cheng, Yong Cheng
{"title":"Miniaturised high-isolation K-/Ka-band diplexer with 3D antarafacial channel integration using vertical quasi-coaxial matching network","authors":"Yujin Zhou, Haoyu Wei, Jun Zhou, Chonghu Cheng, Yong Cheng","doi":"10.1049/mia2.12470","DOIUrl":"10.1049/mia2.12470","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A miniaturised high-isolation K-/Ka-band diplexer with exceeding adjacent channels using 3D antarafacial channel integration and vertical-quasi-coaxial-based matching network is proposed. For smaller size, lower loss and lower channel interference, the high-order low-pass filter for the K-band channel and the four-line-interdigital-coupled wideband bandpass filter for the Ka-band channel are respectively designed on two low-loss glass-based substrates, and these two substrates are integrated on the two antarafacial surface of the mounting board. The vertical-quasi-coaxial (VQC) embedded in the mounting board is not only used as three-dimensional (3D) interconnection of the two antarafacial channels but also designed as the constituent part of the matching/isolation network, and this can effectively decrease the impedance traction caused by the Ka-band filter for the K-band channel of the diplexer. In addition, four transmission zeros of the K-band filter are designed at the whole passband of the Ka-band channel to improve the isolation to the K-band channel for guaranteeing the performance of the diplexer at the Ka-band channel. Furthermore, working principle, design method and test solution of this proposed K-/Ka-band diplexer are well illustrated, and the high-isolation (>40 dB) in very adjacent wideband channels at K-band (18–23.5 GHz) and Ka-band (25.8–31.6 GHz) is achieved within a tiny size of 9 × 4 × 0.87 mm.</p>","PeriodicalId":13374,"journal":{"name":"Iet Microwaves Antennas & Propagation","volume":"18 4","pages":"291-296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/mia2.12470","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140166503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanical azimuthal beam-steering Fabry–Perot resonator antenna with large deflection angle","authors":"Yufeng Liu, Lele Zhu, Wenmei Zhang, Wensong Wang","doi":"10.1049/mia2.12471","DOIUrl":"10.1049/mia2.12471","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Continuous beam steering approach with minimal power consumption is highly desirable in modern antenna designs. A simple mechanical method for achieving beam steering in the Fabry–Perot resonator antenna (FPRA) is presented. It involves rotating the upper phase gradient metasurface (PGM) mechanically to change the aperture phase distribution, so the beam is continuously steered in the azimuthal plane while maintaining a large elevation angle. The proposed PGM unit cell comprises a hexagonal ring and patch printed on both sides of the substrate, along with a honeycomb lattice. A prototype antenna operating at 5.65 GHz is fabricated and measured to validate the feasibility. Measurement results show that the FPRA achieves a gain of 14.9 dBi, and can continuously steer its beam in the azimuthal plane with an elevation angle of around <i>θ</i> = 50°. Measured radiation patterns in eight azimuthal directions (<i>φ</i> = 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, and 315°) are consistent with the simulated results. Compared with other electrical tuning methods, our design has a compact size and requires lower power for the PGM rotation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13374,"journal":{"name":"Iet Microwaves Antennas & Propagation","volume":"18 6","pages":"413-421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/mia2.12471","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140114937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Povilas Vaitukaitis, Jiayu Rao, Kenneth Nai, Jiasheng Hong
{"title":"Design of integrated wideband WR34-band diplexer-antenna array module for exploration of monolithic metal 3-D printing for space applications","authors":"Povilas Vaitukaitis, Jiayu Rao, Kenneth Nai, Jiasheng Hong","doi":"10.1049/mia2.12468","DOIUrl":"10.1049/mia2.12468","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The design of a wideband diplexer integrated with a 16-slot Continuous Transverse Stub (CTS) antenna array is presented. The diplexer-antenna array module covers the whole WR34 band. The Tx and Rx bands cover 21.7–26 and 27.5–33 GHz ranges, respectively. The diplexer is designed to have a 100 dB attenuation in the stopband and 40 dB isolation between the channels. The antenna array has a high gain, between 26.9 and 31 dBi, at the lowest and highest frequencies. For the preliminary exploration of monolithic metal 3-D printing of complex geometry integrated RF front ends, two prototypes were manufactured in AlSi10 Mg. One-piece fabrication eliminates complicated assembly, enhances reliability, and reduces weight, which is more desirable for space applications. Due to several factors, namely, an unpolished inner surface and imperfect printing quality, the diplexer had a poor measured performance. The measured results of the antenna array had a relatively better agreement with simulations. Although, the realised gain was affected by the much lower effective conductivity of the unpolished 3-D printed material. Hence, the measured realised gain was between 27.8 and 30.9 dBi in the 29–33 GHz range.</p>","PeriodicalId":13374,"journal":{"name":"Iet Microwaves Antennas & Propagation","volume":"18 4","pages":"280-290"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/mia2.12468","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140074231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scattering from a semi-elliptical cavity with arbitrary orientation placed in a perfect electric conductor plane","authors":"Mehdi Bozorgi","doi":"10.1049/mia2.12466","DOIUrl":"10.1049/mia2.12466","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A semi-analytic solution for scattering from a semi-elliptical cavity with arbitrary orientation placed in a perfect electric conductor plane is suggested. By imposing the boundary conditions at an elliptical border, three independent equations containing the Mathieu functions series are extracted. Finally, the solution of the problem is reduced to the solution of a simple system of linear equations by using Mathieu function addition theorem and the orthogonal properties of the angular Mathieu functions. Some examples are presented to demonstrate the reliability and the accuracy of the proposed solution.</p>","PeriodicalId":13374,"journal":{"name":"Iet Microwaves Antennas & Propagation","volume":"18 5","pages":"382-390"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/mia2.12466","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140054682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}