In vivo最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Dyslipidemia on the Clinical Profile of Patients With Uncontrolled Diabetes.","authors":"Lorena Paduraru, Andrei Vasile Pascalau, Andreea Camarasan, Mihaela-Mirela Muresan, Ovidiu Laurean Pop, Roxana Brata","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14020","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Current evidence suggests that dyslipidemia in patients with diabetes mellitus is associated with multiple microvascular and macrovascular complications. The prolonged failure to achieve glycemic and lipid profile targets increases cardiovascular risk, mortality, and the costs associated with medical care. This study aimed to explore the correlations between dyslipidemia and glycemic control in patients with diabetes, evaluate variations in lipid profiles, examine the impact of dyslipidemia on diabetes-related complications and assess the effectiveness of lipid-lowering treatments.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A cohort observational study was conducted on 304 patients hospitalized at the Emergency County Hospital in Oradea, Bihor, located in Northwest Romania, over a two-year period from 2022 to 2023. The study included data on diabetes control (fasting blood glucose, HbA1c), associated conditions including diabetes complications, laboratory analyses-lipid profile, creatinine, urea, albuminuria-anthropometric data, and home medication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the group without dyslipidemia, the mean HbA1c value was 8.96±2.81, compared to 9.70±2.80 in the dyslipidemia group. The mean blood glucose level was 207.44±126.09 in the group without dyslipidemia and 257.77±140.68 in the dyslipidemia group (<i>p</i>=0.048). Coronary artery disease was significantly more common in patients with dyslipidemia (58.9%) than in those without (4.6%) (<i>p</i>=0.004). Uric acid levels were higher in patients with dyslipidemia (<i>p</i>=0.048). Lipid-lowering therapy reduced high lipid values, but a significant percentage of patients on treatment still exhibited elevated cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with poorly controlled diabetes, dyslipidemia associates with poorer glycemic control, greater obesity levels, cardiovascular diseases, particularly coronary artery disease and peripheral arterial disease, as well as chronic kidney disease. Despite treatment, the lipid profile continues to remain elevated.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 4","pages":"2243-2258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Gerontosurgery\": Evaluation of Multidimensional Assessment Scales for Elderly Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery. What Is the Best Prediction Model?","authors":"Marta Goglia, Diana Ronconi, Andrea DE Zanna, Arianna Cicolani, Gaetano Gallo, Niccolò Petrucciani, Matteo Pavone, Francesco D'Angelo, Giuseppe Nigri, Paolo Aurello","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14040","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The aging population poses unique challenges in oncogeriatric surgery, particularly regarding risk stratification and postoperative outcome prediction. The impact of frailty on surgical decision-making reports should be noted. Geriatric assessment scales are recommended for preoperative objective evaluations to optimize surgical outcomes, but their accuracy remains unclear. This study evaluates the effectiveness of five multidimensional geriatric assessment scales - Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), APACHE II, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS), Identification of Seniors at Risk (ISAR), and G8 - in predicting postoperative complications in elderly patients undergoing major oncological surgery.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted on 69 patients aged ≥75 years who underwent major abdominal surgery for neoplastic conditions between December 2018 and July 2020. Preoperative assessments using the five scoring systems were performed, and postoperative complications were classified according to the Clavien-Dindo system. The study compared the predictive validity of each scale through correlation analysis with postoperative outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found weak correlations between predictive scores and postoperative complications. The G8 scale showed the strongest association with Clavien-Dindo scores (<i>ρ</i>=0.267, <i>p</i>=0.027), while other scales exhibited limited predictive value. Despite the widespread use of these scales in clinical practice, none of them accurately predicted postoperative morbidity in this cohort of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the limitations of existing geriatric assessment scales in predicting postoperative complications for elderly patients undergoing major oncological surgery. Among the evaluated tools, only the G8 score showed an association with complications. However, the results suggest a need for more tailored risk stratification models that incorporate comorbidities, frailty, nutritional status, and physiological reserves. Further research with larger sample sizes is necessary to validate these findings and improve preoperative decision-making in geriatric oncologic surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 4","pages":"2410-2418"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternate-day S-1 Oral Therapy for Frail Patients With Metastatic Colorectal and Pancreatic Cancer.","authors":"Naoki Odaira, Junkichi Kanda, Masataka Sasaki, Katsuki Muneoka","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14044","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Standard therapies are difficult to implement in vulnerable patients. S-1 alternative daily therapy has been reported to be a low-burden drug therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer in elderly patients. The vulnerable elders survey-13 (VES-13) is a tool to identify vulnerable elderly patients. In this study, we investigated the utility of simultaneous and serial measurements of the VES-13 and cancer prognostic factors, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and tumor markers (TM), during chemotherapy in patients receiving S-1 every other day.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We studied five patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and eight patients with pancreatic cancer who received S-1 on alternate days. The NLR, TM levels, and VES-13 scores were measured monthly before and during chemotherapy. A scatterplot of NLR on the horizontal axis and TM levels on the vertical axis was plotted together with the VES-13.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NLR and VES-13 scores showed a positive correlation, and both increased in cases of bowel obstruction or enteritis. Following the evaluation of progressive disease, two patients with colon cancer and two with pancreatic cancer were eligible to switch to the standard treatment regimen.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Alternate-day S-1 therapy appears to be a feasible and effective treatment option for frail patients with metastatic colorectal and pancreatic cancer. Continuous monitoring of the NLR and VES-13 scores can aid in the stratification of patients, ensuring that treatment intensity is appropriately matched to the patient's condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 4","pages":"2441-2448"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lymph Cyst After Robotic-assisted Lateral Lymph Node Dissection for Rectal Cancer Treated With Lymphangiography: A Case Report.","authors":"Ken Yonemitsu, Hiroaki Kasashima, Tatsunari Fukuoka, Shintaro Ozawa, Yuki Seki, Takemi Ishidate, Masatsune Shibutani, Kiyoshi Maeda","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14039","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>With the increasing use of robotic-assisted surgery, postoperative lymphatic leakage has become a more frequent challenge. Lymph cysts following lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) for rectal cancer can lead to complications, such as infection, compression of adjacent structures, and impaired lymphatic drainage. Conservative treatments, including percutaneous drainage, are often used, but refractory cases require alternative strategies.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 78-year-old woman underwent robotic-assisted abdominoperineal resection with right LLND for lower rectal cancer. She was discharged on postoperative day 12 but developed right lower abdominal pain on day 7 after discharge. Computed tomography revealed a fluid collection in the LLND area, diagnosed as a lymph cyst. Despite computed tomography-guided percutaneous drainage, the output remained high, and symptoms persisted. On hospital day 18, lymphangiography was performed using Lipiodol <i>via</i> right inguinal lymph node puncture. Within 3 days, the drainage output significantly decreased, and her symptoms improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lymphangiography with Lipiodol is a minimally invasive and effective treatment for refractory lymph cysts following LLND. As robotic-assisted surgery becomes more common, understanding and managing postoperative lymphatic complications are increasingly important.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 4","pages":"2405-2409"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metastatic Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma Involving Tamoxifen-related Endometrial Polyp in a Patient With Metachronous Bilateral Breast Carcinomas: A Case Report.","authors":"Ha Young Woo, Yoon Yang Jung, Hyun-Soo Kim","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14046","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Metastasis of extragenital malignancies to the female genital tract, particularly the uterus, is exceedingly rare. Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the most common histological type of breast carcinoma that metastasizes to gynecologic organs.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 42-year-old woman receiving tamoxifen presented with an irregularly thickened endometrium on transvaginal ultrasonography. She had previously undergone bilateral partial mastectomies - eight years prior for right-sided invasive ductal carcinoma, and three years prior for left-sided ILC. Hysteroscopic evaluation revealed an endometrial polyp. Microscopic examination of the polypectomy specimen showed variably sized, irregularly shaped branching glands embedded in densely fibrotic stroma. Within the stroma, monomorphic tumor cells with hyperchromatic, eccentrically located nuclei were arranged in single files, thin cords, or nests. Immunostaining revealed that the tumor cells were positive for GATA-binding protein 3 and negative for paired box 8, supporting a diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma from the breast. The final pathological diagnosis was metastatic ILC involving a tamoxifen-associated endometrial polyp.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although rare, breast carcinoma may metastasize to endometrial polyps. Clinicians and pathologists should consider this possibility when evaluating abnormal ultrasonographic findings in the female genital tract, particularly in patients with a history of breast carcinoma receiving tamoxifen therapy. Abnormal ultrasonographic findings in the uterus of such patients warrant a comprehensive diagnostic workup to exclude metastatic disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 4","pages":"2456-2463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary Metabolites as Biomarkers of Early Radiation Cystitis in Patients With Prostate Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy.","authors":"Sachika Shiraishi, Masahiro Sugimoto, Koichi Tokuuye","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14004","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Treatment-related bladder toxicities are a primary concern in the management of prostate cancer radiotherapy. This study aimed to identify urinary metabolites that can predict early radiation cystitis-related toxicities in patients undergoing radiotherapy for prostate cancer.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Patients' clinical characteristics and urine samples were collected before, two weeks after, at the end, and three months after the initiation of radiotherapy and subsequently analyzed. Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were used for comprehensive quantification of urinary metabolites. Multivariate analysis was conducted to identify potential protective factors against the early toxicities of radiation cystitis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 176 samples were obtained from 44 patients. Betaine, tartrate, N,N-dimethylglycine, and homocarnosine were identified as independent protective factors against early toxicities of radiation cystitis among various potential confounding metabolic factors. Comorbid diabetes mellitus was also identified as a protective factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Betaine, tartrate, N,N-dimethylglycine, and homocarnosine were identified as protective urinary metabolites against early radiation cystitis. Urinary metabolomic profiling may be a useful tool for investigating disease metabolism in metabolic disorders and cancers. Its ease of use and repeatability make it an optimal method for patient follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 4","pages":"2091-2100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prostate-specific Antigen Decline During Primary Androgen-deprivation Therapy for Predicting Response and Survival in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients Receiving Enzalutamide.","authors":"Yujiro Nagata, Takaomi Sugi, Sohei Yamamura, Yoshihiro Sugita, Yui Mizushima, Takuo Matsukawa, Tomohisa Takaba, Kazumasa Jojima, Katsuyoshi Higashijima, Masahiro Matsumoto, Akinori Minato, Ikko Tomisaki, Eiji Kashiwagi, Naohiro Fujimoto","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14016","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Currently, there are no established predictive or prognostic biomarkers for first-line enzalutamide (ENZ) treatment in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). This multicenter study aimed to assess the predictive and prognostic significance of the initial-to-nadir prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ratio (I/N PSA) during primary androgen-deprivation therapy for <i>de novo</i> metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer in relation to the response to first-line ENZ in mCRPC.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A total of 33 patients with mCRPC receiving first-line enzalutamide were included in the study to investigate the correlation between I/N PSA in combined androgen blockade and clinical outcomes. Patients were dichotomized by median I/N PSA values. A PSA response was defined as a 90% or greater decline in PSA levels following the initiation of ENZ treatment in patients with mCRPC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median I/N PSA was 382. In the high I/N PSA (≥382) group, the PSA response rate was 75.0%, significantly higher than that in the low I/N PSA group (35.3%; <i>p</i>=0.037). The median overall survival following ENZ treatment was significantly better in the high I/N PSA group than in the low group (<i>p</i>≤0.01). Multivariable analysis demonstrated I/N PSA as an independent predictor of overall survival (hazard ratio=0.20; <i>p</i>≤0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with mCRPC, the I/N PSA is a promising predictive and prognostic biomarker for first-line ENZ treatment and may provide personalized approaches in daily practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 4","pages":"2209-2218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant Cell Tumor of the Proximal Fibula in a 15-year-old Female: A Review and Case Report.","authors":"Kazuhiko Hashimoto, Shunji Nishimura, Koji Goto","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14043","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Giant cell tumor of the bone (GCTB) is a locally-aggressive, benign tumor that typically affects young adults between 20 and 40 years old.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 15-year-old female presented to a primary care physician with pain in the lateral aspect of the left knee and was referred to our department with a suspected bone tumor owing to radiographic findings of osteolysis of the proximal fibula. Computed tomography indicated osteolysis of the proximal fibula, and the bone cortex was thin and partially irregular. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated a mass in the same area, with hyperintense changes in both T1- and T2-weighted images. No biopsy was performed; however, bone tumor curettage and artificial bone grafting were performed. The final pathological examination indicated osteoclastic, multinucleated giant cells. No malignant findings were observed, and the patient was diagnosed with GCTB. No recurrence was observed one year after surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the occurrence of GCTB in a young patient at an uncommon location. Oncologic surgeons should consider GCTB as a differential diagnosis when an image shows translucency of the proximal fibula, even if the patient is younger than the usual age of onset.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 4","pages":"2436-2440"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Breast Cancer Patients With Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy Have an Increased Risk of Radiation Dermatitis?","authors":"Dirk Rades, Martin Ballegaard","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14019","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Patients with breast cancer scheduled for irradiation may present with peripheral neuropathy (PNP) caused by preceding taxane-based chemotherapy. Chemotherapy-related toxicity was suggested to be associated with a lower individual DNA repair capacity. A similar association was described for radiation-related toxicity. We investigated whether patients with taxane-induced PNP have an increased risk of radiation dermatitis.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>In a retrospective cohort of 129 patients irradiated for breast cancer following taxane-based chemotherapy, PNP plus 14 characteristics were evaluated for associations with grade ≥2 radiation dermatitis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No, mild, and moderate to severe PNP were associated with grade ≥2 dermatitis rates of 22.2%, 27.7%, and 37.8% (<i>p</i>=0.123). On multivariate analysis, grade ≥2 dermatitis was significantly associated with normo-fractionated radiotherapy (<i>p</i>=0.032) and a body mass index ≥30 kg/m² (<i>p</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A significant association between severity of PNP and grade ≥2 radiation dermatitis was not found, although grade ≥2 dermatitis occurred more frequently in patients with moderate to severe PNP.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 4","pages":"2236-2242"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysregulated Pro-inflammatory and Anti-inflammatory Cytokine Responses to Microbe-associated Molecular Patterns in X-linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease.","authors":"Naoya Omaru, Tomohiro Watanabe, Akane Hara, Masayuki Kurimoto, Yasuhiro Masuta, Yasuo Otsuka, Sho Masaki, Kosuke Minaga, Ken Kamata, Hajime Honjo, Yasuyuki Arai, Kouhei Yamashita, Masatoshi Kudo","doi":"10.21873/invivo.13989","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.13989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a hereditary immune deficiency caused by mutations in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase subunits. X-linked CGD caused by mutations in gp91^phox is characterized by recurrent bacterial and fungal infections and by an increased incidence of autoimmunity and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The concurrent occurrence of microbial infection, autoimmunity, and IBD suggests the presence of complicated profiles of cytokines in patients with CGD. However, the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine responses to microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) are poorly defined in patients with CGD.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We evaluated the cytokine and chemokine profiles in two patients with X-linked CGD. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and stimulated with various bacterial and fungal MAMPs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Production of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α was enhanced by PBMCs isolated from patients with X-linked CGD as compared with those from healthy controls when stimulated with bacterial and fungal MAMPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A dysregulated balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines may contribute to the manifestations of recurrent infection, autoimmunity, and IBD in patients with X-linked CGD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 4","pages":"1902-1911"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}