Indian pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Methodological Concerns Regarding a Prospective Study on the Effect of Antiseizure Medications on the Bone Mineral Density of Children with Drug-Naïve Epilepsy.","authors":"Rupali Bavikar, Rajesh Kulkarni","doi":"10.1007/s13312-026-00407-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13312-026-00407-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"695"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148561751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ceftriaxone-Resistant Enteric Fever Outbreak in Children From Thane: A Multicenter Prospective Study.","authors":"Sudhir Sane, Sunil Junagade, Mahesh Mohite","doi":"10.1007/s13312-026-00378-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13312-026-00378-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This prospective study reports an outbreak of enteric fever from Thane and nearby areas in Maharashtra, India, over a 4-month period between April 2025 and July 2025. Out of 167 culture-proven enteric fever cases, 44 (26.35%) exhibited ceftriaxone resistance. The majority of these (36 out of 44; 81.82%) were reported from a small geographical area of GB Road in Thane. Tanker water supply was significantly associated with ceftriaxone resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"677-679"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148271368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Profile, Outcome and Risk Factors for Mortality Among Children Admitted with Critical Pertussis: An Ambispective Study.","authors":"Asruti Kacha, Pareshkumar Amrutlal Thakkar, Dhairya Gandhi, Rajlakshmi Viswanathan, Manohar Lal Choudhary, Omprakash Shukla, Sheila Aiyer","doi":"10.1007/s13312-026-00322-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13312-026-00322-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the clinical and microbiological profile, outcome, and risk factors for mortality in children with critical pertussis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An ambispective study included children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit diagnosed with critical pertussis (n = 75) between November 2022 and June 2023. Diagnosis was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and outcomes were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 75 cases, 57 (76%) tested positive for Bordetella infection (34 B. pertussis, 23 other species). Nearly half were children < 3.5 months of age. Common clinical features were fever, paroxysmal cough and tachypnea. Chest radiograph in all cases revealed diffuse infiltrates. Complications included hypoxemia (n = 69, 92%), shock (n = 41, 54.7%), encephalopathy (n = 38, 50.7%) and seizures (n = 29, 38.7%). Sixty-three (84%) patients needed mechanical ventilation and 38 (50.7%) expired. Presence of shock was identified as an independent risk factor for mortality (aOR (95%CI) 7.63 (2.11, 27.59); P = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Critical pertussis commonly presents with severe pneumonia and can be caused by B. pertussis and other Bordetella species. Presence of shock is associated with a high risk of mortality in children with critical pertussis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"663-668"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147591702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing Fever Defervescence in Children with Enteric Fever.","authors":"Niranjhana Raajasri, Venkateswari Ramesh, Sulochana Putli Bai Perumal","doi":"10.1007/s13312-026-00310-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13312-026-00310-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The duration of fever defervescence in enteric fever has been observed to be increasing in recent times. An evaluation of the factors influencing fever defervescence in 150 children aged 1 month-18 years with confirmed (blood culture yielding Salmonella typhi or S. paratyphi) enteric fever was undertaken, and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ceftriaxone and azithromycin were determined. The median (q1, q3) time to fever defervescence was found to be 88 (58.75, 117.25) hours. Prior antibiotic therapy, splenomegaly and systemic complications were significantly associated with late defervescence of fever. All isolates were found to be sensitive to ceftriaxone and azithromycin, with MIC values well below the established susceptibility breakpoints.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"680-683"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147874010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprotection Against Mumps in MMR Vaccinated Children Aged 9-12 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Dhairya Bansal, Aaradhana, Bineeta Kashyap, Anju Aggarwal, Debamita Banik","doi":"10.1007/s13312-026-00406-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13312-026-00406-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To estimate the proportion of children aged 9-12 years with seroprotective antibody titers against mumps following a single dose of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine administered in early childhood, and to explore the association between seroprotection and clinicodemographic profile.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Delhi between April 2024 and August 2025. Children aged 9-12 years with a documented receipt of a single dose of MMR vaccine at 16-24 months of age were recruited. Two mL of venous blood was collected and analyzed for serum mumps-specific IgG antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with seroprotection defined as mumps antibody titers ≥ 22 RU/mL. The association between seroprotection and demographic and clinical variables, including age, sex, age at vaccination, and nutritional status, was assessed using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-six children (48% males) aged 9-12 years [mean (SD) 10.35 (1.04) years] were enrolled. Overall, 84.8% demonstrated seroprotective antibody titers against mumps. The median (q1, q3) mumps-specific IgG titer was 97.6 (46.1, 144.9) RU/mL. Children aged > 10 years were significantly more likely to be seronegative compared to younger children (OR 3.99, 95% CI 1.07, 14.92, P = 0.039).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nearly 85% of children who had received a single MMR dose at 16-24 months of age had seroprotective mumps antibody titers at 9-12 years. The findings highlight the need for larger community-based studies on the durability of mumps immunity and add to the accumulating evidence informing future MMR vaccination strategies in India.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"669-673"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148619883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Proteomics Analysis of Serum Exosomes Reveals Distinct Infection Profiles and Potential Biomarkers for Pediatric Tuberculosis.","authors":"Rajbala Yadav, Ajay Vir Singh, Shweta Kushwaha, Roopendra Kumar, Sandeep Sharma, Santosh Kumar, Devendra Singh Chauhan","doi":"10.1007/s13312-026-00415-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-026-00415-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The primary objective of the study was to investigate the proteomic content of serum exosomes from pediatric patients with and without tuberculosis (TB), with the aim of exploring the compositional variability and identifying potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of TB in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study, conducted between 2021 and 2023, analyzed the exosomal proteome of sera of children with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), extrapulmonary TB, household contacts of TB patients, and healthy controls using Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Fragment-ion Spectra Mass Spectrometry (SWATH-MS), a data-independent acquisition proteomics platform. Differentially expressed proteins were identified through statistical analyses, followed by functional enrichment analysis using bioinformatics tools to characterize the biological pathways and molecular processes associated with different clinical groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 325 proteins were identified, of which 15, 9, and 18 proteins were significantly altered in exosomes from pediatric patients with pulmonary TB, extrapulmonary TB and children in contact with TB patients compared to healthy children, respectively. Pediatric patients with pulmonary TB exhibited several exclusively significantly expressed proteins, including pregnancy zone protein (PZP). The significantly altered proteins of pediatric patients with pulmonary TB were most enriched in the p53 signaling pathway, while African trypanosomiasis and complement and coagulation cascade pathways were most enriched by the significantly altered proteins of pediatric extrapulmonary TB patients and children in contact with TB patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Distinct protein signatures in exomes can differentiate pediatric patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB, and children with household tuberculosis contact from healthy children.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148840243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Zinc Supplementation as an Adjunct to Standard Therapy in Children with Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Nikhil Reddy, Smita Mundada, Prashant Rathod, Trupti Joshi, Pankaj Bhansali","doi":"10.1007/s13312-026-00402-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-026-00402-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effect of oral zinc supplementation on reducing relapse frequency in children aged 1-12 years with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS). 84 participants were randomized to receive oral zinc (7 mg/day for 1-3 years and 10 mg/day for 4-12 years), or placebo for six months along with standard therapy. Although median (q1, q3) number of relapses during the 6-month study period was similar in zinc and placebo groups [1 (0, 1.5) vs 1 (1, 1); P = 0.575], infection-related relapses were less frequent in the zinc group (57% vs 80%). No significant differences were observed in cumulative steroid-dose, growth or adverse effects. Zinc reduces infection-associated relapses with no overall reduction in relapse rates.Trial Registry CTRI/2021/01/030586.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Music Therapy for Well-being in the Growing Years.","authors":"Farah Husain, Sonia Wadhawan, Lakshmi Sravanti","doi":"10.1007/s13312-026-00425-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-026-00425-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For a child, \"well-being\" is not just about feeling happy, but about feeling safe, loved, and secure, and having supportive relationships that help them understand and regulate their emotions. Child well-being includes positive relations with caregivers and peers, a growing sense of self-worth, physical and emotional energy for play, learning, and exploration. It reflects an overall balance in the child's life, where distress is expected, but the child feels supported and capable of coping. A strong sense of well-being helps children develop confidence, resilience, and optimism, enabling healthy learning and developmental progress. Music therapy is an integrative technique in healthcare that uses evidence-based musical interventions to achieve therapeutic, non-musical goals like overall well-being. This narrative reviews the existing literature on the effects of music therapy on children's physical, emotional, and psychological well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From a Focused Group to a National Movement: Evolution of the Indian Academy of Pediatrics Chapter of Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics (IAP-NDP).","authors":"Samir Dalwai, Zafar Meenai, Shambhavi Seth","doi":"10.1007/s13312-026-00413-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-026-00413-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The evolution of neurodevelopmental pediatrics in India reflects a broader transition in child health priorities from survival to optimal developmental outcomes. This process began within the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) around 1992 with the formation of the Childhood Disability Group, a focused collective addressing developmental disorders within pediatric practice. Over the next two decades, the group expanded through sustained academic engagement, including annual scientific meetings and the establishment of the National Childhood Disability Conference in 2009, which marked a phase of national visibility. Subsequent milestones included the development of several National Consensus Guidelines on various neurodevelopmental conditions over the next two decades, initiation of structured fellowship programs, and eventual transition into the IAP Chapter of Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics (IAP-NDP) in 2015. These developments have contributed to increasing integration of developmental surveillance and early intervention into pediatric practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multicenter Study for Validation of the New Pediatric Advanced Life Support Tape for Indian Children.","authors":"Vaman Khadilkar, Shruti Mondkar, A R Mullai Baalaaji, Anand Bhutada, Ashish Dhongade, Sagar S Lad, Preeti Lad, Mukesh Kumar Jain, Sibabratta Patnaik, Mihir Sarkar, Farhan Shaikh, Manish Sharma, Rakshay Shetty, Nitesh Upadhyay, Rohit Vohra, Sonali Wagle-Patki, Anuradha Khadilkar, Vinayak Patki, Ebor Jacob G James, Sachin Shah, Arun Bansal","doi":"10.1007/s13312-026-00419-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-026-00419-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Accurate weight estimation is essential for drug dosing and equipment selection in pediatric emergencies. A new Pediatric Advanced Life Support (ALS) tape was developed using Indian growth references. The present study was performed to validate its performance in critically ill children across multiple centers in India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, cross-sectional, multicenter observational study was conducted in 13 pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) across five zones of India in children aged < 12 years. Recumbent length was measured using the new ALS tape, and color-band-based estimated weight recorded. Weight was measured using a digital scale. The primary outcomes were bias, precision, and accuracy of the tape in predicting weight. Secondary outcomes included correlation between estimated and measured weight, agreement using Bland-Altman analysis, center-wise subgroup analyses, and interrater reliability for color-band assignment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 2740 children measured, 2253 were included in the final analysis. Correct color-band concordance was observed in 79.9% of children. Overall, 78.6% of estimates were within ± 10% and 84.6% within ± 15% of measured weight. The mean difference between estimated and measured weight was - 0.6 kg (0.08%). Lower color bands showed modest underestimation (13.1%), while higher bands showed mild overestimation (- 10.3%). Regional concordance ranged from 65.9% to 91.4%. Interrater reliability demonstrated strong agreement (κ = 0.84; 95% CI 0.61, 1.00).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Indianized Pediatric ALS tape demonstrated acceptable accuracy, minimal overall bias, and strong interrater reliability in critically ill Indian children. Although some variability was observed across regions and lower weight bands, the new ALS tape represents a practical and reasonably accurate indigenous alternative for emergency weight estimation in diverse PICU settings across India.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}