Indian pediatrics最新文献

Module-Based Teaching Versus Conventional Lectures in Undergraduate Teaching in Pediatrics: A Quasi-Experimental Study. 小儿科本科教学中模块式教学与传统课堂教学的准实验研究。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00192-5

Susy Joseph, Veena Anand, G K Libu, A S Ajith Krishnan

{"title":"Module-Based Teaching Versus Conventional Lectures in Undergraduate Teaching in Pediatrics: A Quasi-Experimental Study.","authors":"Susy Joseph, Veena Anand, G K Libu, A S Ajith Krishnan","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00192-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00192-5","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare module-based versus conventional lectures for undergraduate teaching in pediatrics.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted among phase III part II MBBS students during their pediatric posting at a tertiary care teaching center in Southern India. Fifty students each in the experimental and control group were taught using module-based and conventional lectures, respectively. The learning outcome was evaluated by pre-, and post-test scores and analyzed by 'paired t test', 'unpaired t test' and 'repeated measure ANOVA'. Perception was assessed using five-point Likert scale.Results: The gain of marks for module-based teaching was statistically significant compared to conventional lecture (P < 0.001). Regarding perception, 72% of students 'strongly agreed' (40%) and 'agreed' (32%) to the different characteristics of modular teaching whereas in conventional lecture, 34% were neutral, 32% disagreed, and 12% strongly disagreed.Conclusion: The knowledge outcome and perception level in module-based teaching are superior to that of conventional lectures.","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145250983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incidence of Hypertension During Induction Therapy in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. 急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿诱导治疗期间高血压的发生率。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00206-2

Yamini Karanam, Amita Trehan, Deepak Bansal

{"title":"Incidence of Hypertension During Induction Therapy in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.","authors":"Yamini Karanam, Amita Trehan, Deepak Bansal","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00206-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00206-2","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To estimate the incidence of hypertension during induction therapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), comparing a systematically monitored prospective cohort to a retrospective cohort lacking regular blood pressure monitoring.Methods: This ambispective observational study was conducted at a pediatric hematology-oncology unit in Chandigarh, India. The prospective cohort included 46 children with B-/T-ALL or T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma enrolled between September 2023 and August 2024, whose blood pressure was monitored weekly during induction therapy using the auscultatory method with an aneroid sphygmomanometer. Hypertension was defined according to the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines. The retrospective cohort comprised 160 children diagnosed between June 2022 and July 2023, whose case files were reviewed for documented hypertension or posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). In the retrospective cohort, blood pressure was not monitored systematically and was detected incidentally during routine care or at the time of admission for intercurrent illnesses.Results: Hypertension was observed in 27 (58.7%) patients in the prospective cohort, compared to 20 (12.5%) in the retrospective (P < 0.001). Most (92.6%) cases of hypertension in the prospective cohort occurred within the first two weeks of induction. No case vs. two (1.3%) cases of PRES were reported in the prospective and retrospective cohorts.Conclusion: The incidence of hypertension during induction therapy in childhood ALL was 58.7%, with most cases occurring within the first two weeks. Incorporating blood pressure monitoring into routine care is essential for children with ALL receiving induction chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145250952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Feeding Pattern on Infant Growth: A Longitudinal Study with Gut Microbiome Insights. 喂养方式对婴儿生长的影响：肠道微生物组的纵向研究。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00194-3

Vidya Rajesh, Asha Hegde, Mamatha Ballal, Ankur Mutreja, Meenakshi Garg, Vijay Kumar, Asha Kamath, Karthick Vasudevan, Saahithya Mahesh, Vignesh Shetty

{"title":"Influence of Feeding Pattern on Infant Growth: A Longitudinal Study with Gut Microbiome Insights.","authors":"Vidya Rajesh, Asha Hegde, Mamatha Ballal, Ankur Mutreja, Meenakshi Garg, Vijay Kumar, Asha Kamath, Karthick Vasudevan, Saahithya Mahesh, Vignesh Shetty","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00194-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00194-3","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To determine the proportion of exclusive breastfeeding in the study population. To determine the effect of various infant feeding patterns on anthropometric measurements, incidence of infectious diseases, antibiotic exposure and developmental milestones in infancy. The study also assessed the overall gut microbial abundance, alpha and beta diversity, by preliminary gut microbiome analysis.Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted by collecting feeding pattern data from mothers of healthy newborns (n = 374) who were assessed at birth, 1.5, 3.5, 6, 9 and 12 months. The gut microbiome analysis was done using stool samples collected at birth, 1.5, 3.5 and 9 months.Results: Weight-for-height Z-scores indicated a higher prevalence of overweight in 'mixed milk feeding' and 'mixed complementary feeding' at 6 months (P = 0.907) with a significant association at 12 months (P = 0.019). A significant association was seen between 'mixed complementary feeding' and episodes of antibiotic exposure at 6 months (P = 0.007) and 12 months (P = 0.002), and episodes of fever (P = 0.009), cold (P = 0.007) and diarrhea (P = 0.024) after 9 months of age. Predominant phyla observed in the gut microbiome were Firmicutes; genera Bifidobacterium and Streptococcus were in abundance with increasing age.Conclusions: Breastfeeding promotes beneficial bacteria in the gut microbiome with microbial diversity increasing during complementary feeding. Home-based complementary feeding contributes to improved nutritional status and reduced infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145250959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cerebrospinal Procalcitonin for Diagnosing Meningitis in Infants Less Than 90 Days: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. 脑脊液降钙素原诊断小于90天婴儿脑膜炎：一项系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00201-7

Vijay Kumar Krishnegowda, Prathik Bandiya, Debasish Nanda, Anup Thakur

{"title":"Cerebrospinal Procalcitonin for Diagnosing Meningitis in Infants Less Than 90 Days: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Vijay Kumar Krishnegowda, Prathik Bandiya, Debasish Nanda, Anup Thakur","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00201-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00201-7","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Early identification and treatment of meningitis in early infancy is crucial for improved outcomes. However, the commonly used cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers for diagnosing meningitis have poor diagnostic accuracy.Objective: To assess the diagnostic utility of CSF procalcitonin for diagnosing meningitis in infants with postnatal age less than 90 days.Evidence acquisition: We searched databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus, from inception to 15 March 2025. We included observational studies that used CSF procalcitonin as a marker for diagnosing meningitis in infants with a postnatal age of less than 90 days. The risk of bias was assessed using the QUADAS-2, and the certainty of evidence was ascertained using GRADE approach. The bivariate random effect model and hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic meta-analysis were used to pool data with multiple thresholds.Results: Out of 815 retrieved records, seven studies involving 963 infants were included in the meta-analysis. We obtained diagnostic accuracy measures at commonly used threshold cut-offs of 0.20 ng/mL and 0.33 ng/mL. At a CSF procalcitonin threshold cut-off of 0.20 ng/mL, the pooled sensitivity (95%CI) was 77.1% (49.2%, 92.1%), and the pooled specificity (95%CI) was 68.9% (49.2%, 83.5%). At a cut-off of 0.33 ng/mL, sensitivity was 75.8% (50.1%, 90.7%) and specificity was 75.1% (58.5%, 86.6%). The certainty of evidence remained very low for both sensitivity and specificity.Conclusion: CSF procalcitonin has moderate sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing meningitis in infants with postnatal age < 90 days. However, wide confidence intervals and very low certainty of evidence limit the reliability of these findings.","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145250970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tele-PICU Kiosk as an Adjunct to Standard Monitoring and Care: An Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial. 远程picu信息亭作为标准监测和护理的辅助：一项开放标签随机对照试验。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00197-0

Harleen Kaur, Lokesh Kumar Tiwari, Pradeep Kumar, Arun Prasad

{"title":"Tele-PICU Kiosk as an Adjunct to Standard Monitoring and Care: An Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Harleen Kaur, Lokesh Kumar Tiwari, Pradeep Kumar, Arun Prasad","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00197-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00197-0","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to determine whether using videoconferencing for pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) rounds with the help of a tele-PICU kiosk in addition to standard care impacts survival outcomes and duration of hospital stay.Methods: An open-label randomized controlled trial was conducted in the PICU of a tertiary care center in India on a sample size of 120 children, randomized into two groups using computer-generated randomization tables. Patients with a PICU stay of < 24 h were excluded. The intervention group received tele-rounds using the tele-PICU kiosk daily for the first 3 days or discharge, whichever was earlier, in addition to standard care, while the control group received standard care. Consultation feedback was given to the treating team. Both groups were followed-up for survival outcome at the time of hospital discharge and 60 days after discharge.Results: The intervention group had better patient survival at the time of discharge [51 (85%) vs. 41 (68.3%), P = 0.031; RR 2.63 (95%CI 1.07-6.42)] and at 60 days after hospital discharge [49 (81.7%) vs. 38 (63.3%), P = 0.025; RR 2.58 (95% CI 1.11-5.96)]. The intervention group had a significantly shorter duration of hospital stay [8 (5, 13) vs. 13 (7, 21) days, P = 0.044) and PICU stay [1.5 (1, 8) vs. 4 (1, 15) days; P = 0.045). The median cost difference shows a reduction in direct cost, but it could not achieve statistical significance.Conclusion: Tele-rounds using tele-PICU kiosk as an adjunct to standard care showed better survival, reduced duration of hospital and PICU stay, and reduced cost trends for children admitted to the PICU.","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145250991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cytomegalovirus Secretion in Breast Milk of Mothers Delivering at ≤ 32 Weeks' Gestation: A Prospective Observational Study. 妊娠≤32周产妇乳汁巨细胞病毒分泌：一项前瞻性观察研究

IF 1.5 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00203-5

Zubair Ahmad Bhat, Mohamed Muneer Varikkottil, Femitha Pournami, Ajai Kumar Prithvi, Naveen Jain

{"title":"Cytomegalovirus Secretion in Breast Milk of Mothers Delivering at ≤ 32 Weeks' Gestation: A Prospective Observational Study.","authors":"Zubair Ahmad Bhat, Mohamed Muneer Varikkottil, Femitha Pournami, Ajai Kumar Prithvi, Naveen Jain","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00203-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00203-5","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Preterm neonates are at risk of symptomatic postnatal cytomegalovirus (pCMV) acquired from CMV-positive breast milk intake. This study ascertained the proportion of mothers delivering at ≤ 32 weeks' gestation with CMV lactatia.Methods: This prospective study included mother-infant dyads delivered at ≤ 32 weeks' gestation. CMV was detected in breast milk by quantitative DNA PCR. For the proportion of neonates who tested positive for CMV DNA (urine or blood) at 4-6 weeks of age, clinical outcomes were also measured. CMV load > 42.5 copies/mL was considered positive. Virologic (breast milk and infant blood/urine CMV PCR) and clinical correlates were evaluated.Results: Out of the 93 mothers whose fresh breast milk was tested, 50 (53.7%, 95%CI 42.3, 55.9%) were positive for CMV. Out of 43 infants who were tested for CMV in blood or urine at 4-6 weeks of postnatal age, 10 (23%, 95%CI 18.1, 28.6%) turned positive. Significant differences were noted in the duration of respiratory support [47.5 (30, 73) vs 7 (3, 30) days; P = 0.002] and hospital stay [86.5 (80, 98) vs 51 (31, 65) days, P < 0.001] between CMV positive and negative infants. CMV-positive status was not an independent risk factor for bronchopulmonary dysplasia [aOR 5.3 (95%CI 0.9-31.0)] and retinopathy of prematurity requiring therapy [aOR 17.3 (95%CI 0.9-194.2)].Conclusion: 53.7% of mothers delivering prematurely had CMV lactatia; 23% of their infants were positive for CMV at 4-6 weeks of age.","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145250906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pesticide Exposure and Hematological Disorders-is There a Link? 农药暴露与血液系统疾病有联系吗？

IF 1.5 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00202-6

A T K Rau

引用次数: 0

Transition Readiness in Youth with Chronic Illnesses: Insights from Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. 青少年慢性疾病的过渡准备：来自青少年特发性关节炎的见解。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00200-8

Jagdish Chandra

引用次数: 0

Mentoring the Students for Competency-Based Medical Education: What, Why, and How? 指导学生进行能力本位医学教育：什么、为什么、如何？

IF 1.5 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00134-1

Nilima Shah, Piyush Gupta, Tejinder Singh

{"title":"Mentoring the Students for Competency-Based Medical Education: What, Why, and How?","authors":"Nilima Shah, Piyush Gupta, Tejinder Singh","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00134-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13312-025-00134-1","url":null,"abstract":"Mentoring is a process whereby the mentor guides the mentee in a way that empowers the mentee to achieve his full potential. Although traditionally mentoring was one-on-one, in the current times there are several other ways to mentor, including group, online, peer, near-peer, and speed mentoring. Mentoring is a vital component of competency-based medical education, with benefits for the mentees, the mentors, the institute, and the society at large. The National Medical Commission has made it mandatory for all the medical colleges to have a structured mentorship program. In this article, we clarify what is and what is not mentoring and outline a step-wise approach for creating and sustaining a mentorship program. We describe the three phases of initiation, cultivation, and separation/redefinition that the mentor-mentee groups go through. We also highlight the usefulness of forming learning contracts between mentor and mentee and the importance of program evaluation and feedback from all the stakeholders at regular intervals in a systematic manner. We conclude by delineating the challenges and the ways to overcome them while also describing some lessons to be learnt from the mentoring relationship between Krishna and Arjun as depicted in the story of Mahabharata.","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"761-768"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vasoactive-Inotropic Score (VIS) and Outcome of Children with Pediatric Septic Shock. 儿童感染性休克的血管活性-肌力评分（VIS）与预后。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00130-5

K V Vikas, Arnab Biswas, Moumita Samanta

{"title":"Vasoactive-Inotropic Score (VIS) and Outcome of Children with Pediatric Septic Shock.","authors":"K V Vikas, Arnab Biswas, Moumita Samanta","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00130-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13312-025-00130-5","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) in predicting outcomes for pediatric sepsis.Methods: A one-year prospective observational study in a tertiary level pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), enrolled children (1 month to 12 years) with fluid-refractory septic shock. VIS and aggregate VIS (AVIS) was calculated at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h post-hospitalization. The primary outcome assessed was mortality and secondary outcomes included duration of PICU stay, ventilation and inotrope support.Results: Ninety (64.4% male) patients with median (Q1, Q3) age of 24 [6, 60] months were enrolled. The median (Q1, Q3) duration of PICU stay (days) among survivors (n = 32) was significantly shorter 9 (7, 12) compared to non-survivors (n = 58) was 13 (9, 16) (P < 0.001). Significant correlations were found between AVIS at 96 h (AVIS96) and lactate levels (r = 0.79, P < 0.001), duration of inotrope support (r = 0.73, P < 0.001), and duration of ventilation (r = 0.69, P < 0.001). An AVIS96 cutoff of ≥ 25.4 showed high accuracy for mortality prediction (AUC 0.976, sensitivity 95%, specificity 90%), outperforming pSOFA and lactate levels.Conclusion: VIS is a reliable predictor of outcomes in pediatric septic shock, with potential for early risk stratification. An AVIS96 cut-off value of 25.4 showed maximum diagnostic accuracy in terms of mortality prediction in this cohort.","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"732-737"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0