Indian pediatrics最新文献

Oral Selenium as an Adjunct in the Treatment of Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. 口服硒辅助治疗儿童急性下呼吸道感染：一项双盲随机对照试验。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00028-2

Rubeena Jamir Shaikh, Trupti Amol Joshi, Smita Madhusudan Mundada, Shilpa Yashwant Pawar, Prabha Bhaskar Khaire More

{"title":"Oral Selenium as an Adjunct in the Treatment of Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Rubeena Jamir Shaikh, Trupti Amol Joshi, Smita Madhusudan Mundada, Shilpa Yashwant Pawar, Prabha Bhaskar Khaire More","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00028-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00028-2","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the role of oral selenium in clinical recovery of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTI) in under-five children.Methods: This double-blind, randomized controlled trial included children aged 6 months to 5 years hospitalised with ALRTI at a tertiary care hospital. Participants were randomized in 1:1 ratio to receive oral selenium (20-30 mcg/day) or placebo, once daily until discharge, along with standard treatment. The primary outcome was the time for clinical recovery. The secondary outcomes were the duration of hospital stay, modes of oxygen support required and side effects of selenium.Results: A total of 60 children were randomized to either groups. The median (IQR) time required for clinical recovery was 72 (54, 144) h in the selenium group and 96 (54, 120) h in the placebo group (P = 0.346). The median (IQR) duration of hospital stay was 6 (5, 7) days and 6 (6, 8) days in the selenium and placebo groups, respectively (P = 0.680). Mechanical ventilation was required in 10 (16.6%) and 21 (35%) children in the selenium and placebo groups, respectively (P = 0.020). No side effects were reported with the intervention.Conclusions: Oral selenium administered as an adjunct in a daily dose of 20-30 mcg orally for 5-7 days, does not reduce the time needed for clinical recovery or the duration of hospitalization but reduces the need for mechanical ventilation in under-five children with ALRTI.Trial registry: CTRI/2023/04/051842.","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perception of Pediatric Resident Physicians on Self-Directed Learning: A Multi-institutional Survey. 儿科住院医师对自主学习的认知：一项多机构调查。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00048-y

Ayesha Ahmad, Bhavna Dhingra, Kunal Kumar, Jaya Shankar Kaushik, Aashima Dabas, Devendra Mishra

{"title":"Perception of Pediatric Resident Physicians on Self-Directed Learning: A Multi-institutional Survey.","authors":"Ayesha Ahmad, Bhavna Dhingra, Kunal Kumar, Jaya Shankar Kaushik, Aashima Dabas, Devendra Mishra","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00048-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00048-y","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To assess the opportunities and limitations of self-directed learning (SDL) among pediatric postgraduate trainees.Methods: A semi-structured anonymized questionnaire was administered to pediatric postgraduate trainees to assess their readiness towards SDL, current practices, opportunities and limitations of SDL. Closed ended questions were scored using a five-point Likert scale. Thematic analysis of responses was conducted followed by focus-group discussion to ascertain the barriers and enablers of SDL.Results: One hundred ten trainees responded; majority (67.7%) were aged 26-30 years. The median (IQR) scores for different components of SDL were- identifying own learning needs 4 (3.5, 4), formulating own learning goals 4 (3, 4), identifying learning resources 3 (3, 4), choosing and implementing learning strategy 3 (2, 4), evaluating learning outcomes 3 (2, 4), and willingness to drive one's own learning 3.5 (3, 4). The majority (95%) used online resources for knowledge domain; 64.5% (71/110) practiced peer-assisted learning. The skill training was chiefly through simulation and hands-on experience (97%). Lack of time was the commonest limitation reported by 75% students.Conclusions: The SDL practice was not forthcoming among pediatric postgraduates.","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Infantile Epileptic Spasms Syndrome Due to Neonatal Hypoglycemic Brain Injury: A Retrospective Audit. 新生儿低血糖性脑损伤引起的婴儿癫痫痉挛综合征：回顾性审计。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00038-0

Shreya Gupta, Gouri Rao Passi

引用次数: 0

Profile of Injuries Among Under-Five Children in Rural Areas of Khordha District, Odisha-A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study. 奥里萨邦科尔达县农村地区5岁以下儿童受伤概况——基于社区的横断面研究

IF 1.7 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00036-2

Mythry Ravichandran, Arvind Kumar Singh, Prajna Paramita Giri, Priyamadhaba Behera, Binod Kumar Patro

{"title":"Profile of Injuries Among Under-Five Children in Rural Areas of Khordha District, Odisha-A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Mythry Ravichandran, Arvind Kumar Singh, Prajna Paramita Giri, Priyamadhaba Behera, Binod Kumar Patro","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00036-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00036-2","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To estimate the prevalence, patterns, and risk factors for injury among under-five children.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural areas of Khordha district among 600 under-five children. A multistage sampling technique was used to assess the prevalence, patterns, and factors associated with injuries using a semi-structured questionnaire, followed by an environmental hazard assessment of the built environment of the selected participants.Results: Childhood injury prevalence was 44.6% (95% CI 40.6, 48.7). Falls were the commonest injuries; 87% falls occurred at home. Only 19% of the major injuries received formal healthcare. The child's age, parental awareness, and environmental hazard risk were associated with the occurrence of injuries.Conclusion: The built environment plays a significant role in childhood injuries in the rural areas of Odisha. Public health measures such as a safe built environment for households and neighborhoods should be promoted.","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reply to: Reforming Medical Education to Address the Challenge of Professional Identity for Medical Students. 答复：改革医学教育，应对医学生职业认同的挑战。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00058-w

Rajiv Mahajan, Tejinder Singh

引用次数: 0

Glutamine Mouthwash for Preventing Methotrexate-Induced Mucositis in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Randomized Cross-Over Trial. 谷氨酰胺漱口水预防急性淋巴细胞白血病儿童甲氨蝶呤诱导的粘膜炎：一项随机交叉试验。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00042-4

S Siva Sankaran, Pooja Dewan, Rajeev Kumar Malhotra, Deepika Harit, Bineeta Kashyap, Mukesh Yadav, Mandeep Singh Khalsa

{"title":"Glutamine Mouthwash for Preventing Methotrexate-Induced Mucositis in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Randomized Cross-Over Trial.","authors":"S Siva Sankaran, Pooja Dewan, Rajeev Kumar Malhotra, Deepika Harit, Bineeta Kashyap, Mukesh Yadav, Mandeep Singh Khalsa","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00042-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00042-4","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the efficacy of glutamine mouthwash versus standard oral hygiene protocol (SOHP) in reducing the overall incidence, duration and severity of oral mucositis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) receiving High Dose Methotrexate (HDMTX).Methods: In this cross-over trial, children with ALL due to receive four courses of HDMTX (2 g/m2/dose) (on days 8, 22, 36, and 50 of consolidation) were randomized to receive two consecutive courses of HDMTX with glutamine mouthwash plus SOHP, followed by two HDMTX courses with SOHP only; or vice-versa. Glutamine suspension was administered twice daily by swish and swallow technique, starting one day before the course of HDMTX and continued upto 7 days or till mucositis persisted. SOHP comprised supervised brushing, chlorhexidine mouthwash, and clotrimazole mouth-paint. Severity of mucositis was graded using WHO grading and pain was assessed by Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale.Results: Sixty four courses of HDMTX were analyzed. The overall incidence of mucositis in the glutamine group was comparable to the SOHP group (71.8% vs 81.2%; P = 0.08). The glutamine group had a significantly lesser incidence of severe mucositis [3.1% vs 44%; RR (95% CI) 0.07 (0.01, 0.35); P < 0.001], shorter overall duration of mucositis [2 (0, 3) days vs 5 (3, 5) days, P < 0.001] and lower median (IQR) pain scores [4.5 (0, 6) Vs 8 (5.25, 8), P < 0.001].Conclusion: Glutamine mouthwash is effective in reducing the incidence of severe mucositis and overall duration of mucositis and associated pain in children receiving HDMTX.","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Implications of Musculoskeletal Manifestations in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Decade's Experience from a Referral Center in Southern India. 急性淋巴细胞白血病的肌肉骨骼表现：印度南部转诊中心十年的经验。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00064-y

Konsam Samuel Lyngdoh, Pandya Dhruti, Sidharth Totadri, Somdipa Pal, Jyothi Munireddy, Vandana Bharadwaj, Anand Prakash

{"title":"The Implications of Musculoskeletal Manifestations in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Decade's Experience from a Referral Center in Southern India.","authors":"Konsam Samuel Lyngdoh, Pandya Dhruti, Sidharth Totadri, Somdipa Pal, Jyothi Munireddy, Vandana Bharadwaj, Anand Prakash","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00064-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00064-y","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with musculoskeletal (MSK) manifestations may be misdiagnosed as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The present study compared the baseline parameters and survival outcomes in patients with ALL with and without MSK symptoms.Methods: A retrospective chart review of children aged < 18 years diagnosed with ALL was performed. Based on contemporary parameters, the patients were stratified into standard-risk (SR), intermediate-risk (IR), and high-risk (HR) groups. Clinical and laboratory features and survival outcomes were compared between ALL patients with and without MSK symptoms.Results: Out of 255 participants, 67 (26%) had MSK manifestations; of these, 9 were pretreated for JIA with glucocorticoids/methotrexate. Patients with MSK manifestations had a longer median duration of symptoms before diagnosis (4 vs 2 weeks, P < 0.001), and a higher median platelet count (53 × 109/L vs. 28 × 109/L, P = 0.002). The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) for patients with MSK and without MSK manifestations were 84.4 ± 5.2% and 78.9 ± 3.4% (P = 0.900). All 9 pretreated patients received an IR/HR protocol (4 were SR if not for the pretreatment as JIA).Conclusion: Patients with ALL with MSK manifestations have more preserved blood counts and a longer duration of symptoms before diagnosis. Pretreatment of children with ALL misdiagnosed as JIA with glucocorticoids/methotrexate can delay the diagnosis, confound the risk stratification, and upstage the risk group requiring administration of more toxic chemotherapy than necessary otherwise.","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Levofloxacin Preventive Therapy for Children Living with Adults with MDR-TB: Evidence-Based Medicine Viewpoint. 左氧氟沙星预防治疗与耐多药结核病成人一起生活的儿童：循证医学观点。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00069-7

Joseph L Mathew

引用次数: 0

Profile of Musculoskeletal Anomalies in Indian Children with Down Syndrome. 印度唐氏综合症儿童肌肉骨骼异常的概况。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00059-9

Deepshikha, Devendra Mishra, Sumit Sural, Seema Kapoor

{"title":"Profile of Musculoskeletal Anomalies in Indian Children with Down Syndrome.","authors":"Deepshikha, Devendra Mishra, Sumit Sural, Seema Kapoor","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00059-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00059-9","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This hospital-based study evaluated the magnitude and characteristics of musculoskeletal anomalies in children with Down syndrome.Methods: Children aged 3 months to 14 years, diagnosed to have Down syndrome by karyotyping, were evaluated for musculoskeletal anomalies. We excluded children diagnosed with another chronic condition affecting musculoskeletal health (e.g., cerebral palsy, muscular diseases); and those with any acute illness, which is likely to affect evaluation for musculoskeletal anomalies. A detailed history was taken, and clinical examination was performed by a pediatrician and an orthopedic surgeon. Detailed joint examination was done using pGALS (pediatric Gait Arms Legs and Spine), and Beighton Hypermobility Score was used to assess hypermobility in those aged 6 year or more. X-ray cervical spine (lateral view in neutral, flexion and extension) was done for all children to determine atlantoaxial instability. Additionally, in children with any suspected musculoskeletal anomaly on clinical examination, relevant radiological investigations were performed under the guidance of an orthopedic surgeon.Results: The median (IQR) age of the study population (n = 75) was 5 (2.5, 8) years with 56% boys. Musculoskeletal anomalies were identified in 86.6% (n = 65). Hypotonia and joint laxity (77.3% each) were common in the whole group; pes planus (82%) and orthopedic abnormalities (69.3%) were prevalent among ambulatory children. Occurrence of genu valgum was found to increase with increasing body mass index (P = 0.045).Conclusions: Musculoskeletal problems were common in children with Down syndrome, and this information may guide health professionals in early identification of musculoskeletal problems in children with Down syndrome.","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurostimulation in Childhood Epilepsy. 儿童癫痫的神经刺激。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00063-z

Soumya Ghosh, Lakshmi Nagarajan

{"title":"Neurostimulation in Childhood Epilepsy.","authors":"Soumya Ghosh, Lakshmi Nagarajan","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00063-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00063-z","url":null,"abstract":"Epilepsy is a common and debilitating neurological disorder in children, and approximately a third of them have ongoing seizures despite adequate trial of antiseizure medications. Neurostimulation approaches may be an option for those with drug resistant epilepsy. Several invasive and non-invasive devices have been trialled and found to be effective in reducing seizure burden in drug resistant epilepsy. These techniques appear to be safe and well tolerated. We review the available evidence for the use of these devices, including vagus nerve stimulation, deep brain stimulation, responsive neurostimulation, chronic subthreshold cortical stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation. The results of trials are promising but there are fewer studies in children. Apart from vagus nerve stimulation, none of the other neurostimulation techniques are currently approved for use in children and their use is off-label or in clinical trials. Further well-designed trials are needed, especially in children, to identify the most effective neurostimulation options and optimal parameters for improvement of seizure burden and quality of life. Neurostimulation techniques are also being trialled for treatment of refractory status epilepticus, but lack of robust evidence (mainly case studies or case series reports) makes it difficult to predict therapeutic benefit at present.","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0