{"title":"Utility of Fecal Biomarkers to Predict Invasive Nature of Acute Infectious Diarrhea in Indian Children.","authors":"Prabhav Aggarwal, Raghvendra Singh, Masoom Nathani, Sonal Saxena, Oves Siddiqui","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00030-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00030-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine role of fecal calprotectin (FC) and fecal lactoferrin (FL) in diagnosis of invasive diarrhea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Stool samples from 75 children (≤ 12 years) with acute diarrhea were analysed using wet mount microscopy, culture, multiplex polymerase chain reaction, rapid tests for Rotavirus/ Adenovirus and quantitative ELISA for FC and FL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean (SD) FC levels (μg/g) [774 (626.59) vs. 213 (251.48), P < 0.001] and FL levels (μg/g) [7.95 (4.72) vs. 4.22 (3.91), P = 0.004] were significantly higher in children with invasive diarrhea (n = 38) compared to those with non-invasive diarrhea (n = 37). Cut-off values of FC > 243 μg/g (sensitivity 81.57%, specificity 67.56%, AUC 0.813) and for FL > 6.02 μg/g (sensitivity 71.05%, specificity 81.08%, AUC 0.732) have diagnostic potential.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FC and FL can aid diagnosis of acute invasive diarrhea.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Telemedicine as an Adjunct to Follow-Up of Low-Risk Neonates: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Remya Rajkumar, Nabagata Roy, Femitha Pournami, Ajai Kumar Prithvi, Naveen Jain","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00053-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00053-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Synchronous video teleconsultations are being increasingly used in various fields of medical care. Its feasibility, safety and advantages have been demonstrated in neonatal office practice in our unit.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study was conducted to measure proportion of parents of low-risk neonates who utliized teleconsultations for postnatal follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 844 eligible families, 22.3% used the service. Lactation queries (57.1%) about feeding schedules and perceived less milk related excess cry predominated. Enquiries related to skincare (36.5%) and sleep-wake cycle (30.1%) were common. Only 3.8% were advised to report to the hospital for physical assesssment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The number of families who engaged in the teleconsultations with the neonatologist were less than anticipated. However among those who did, majority of the concerns could be resolved without the need for physical hospital visits.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indian pediatricsPub Date : 2025-04-03DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00051-3
S B Mithun Krishna, Jitendra Meena, Jogender Kumar, Kanya Mukhopadhyay, Praveen Kumar
{"title":"Incidence and Risk Factors for Metabolic Bone Disease of Prematurity in Indian Infants: A Prospective Observational Study.","authors":"S B Mithun Krishna, Jitendra Meena, Jogender Kumar, Kanya Mukhopadhyay, Praveen Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00051-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00051-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the incidence and risk factors for metabolic bone disease of prematurity (MBDP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Infants born at ≤ 33 weeks' gestation were screened for MBDP using serum calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase levels. Screening began at 3-6 weeks and was repeated as indicated until three months of corrected age. Feed volume, nutrient supplementation, and morbidity data were compared between the infants with and without MBDP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 153 infants, 22 (14.4%) had moderate MBDP and 28 (18.3%) had severe MBDP. Lower birth weight was independently associated with severe MBDP (P-0.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nearly 40% of the preterm infants in our cohort had moderate-to-severe MBDP.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Minimum Dietary Diversity and Its Determinants among Children Aged 6-60 Months in Rural Puducherry.","authors":"Ilavarasu Rangassamy, Karthika Ganesamoorthy, Amarnath Santhaseelan, Premnath Dhasaram","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00029-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00029-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the prevalence of minimum dietary diversity (MDD) and explore its associated determinants among children aged 6-60 months in rural Puducherry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>143 children aged 6-60 months were selected from rural areas of Puducherry using systematic random sampling in a cross-sectional study conducted between January and February 2024. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire based on World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices. MDD was defined as the consumption of at least five of eight food groups for children aged 6-24 months and seven food groups for children aged 25-60 months. Sociodemographic factors, food group consumption, and anthropometric measurements were also recorded. Statistical analysis involved Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression to identify associations between MDD and various factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>55.24% of the children achieved MDD. Children aged 25-60 months (P < 0.001) and those with mothers over 30 years old (P = 0.001) were significantly more likely to meet MDD. Underweight (P = 0.001) and severely underweight children (P = 0.001) had a lower likelihood of achieving MDD. Factors such as gender, birth order, and socioeconomic status were not significantly associated with MDD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite a higher MDD rate than the national average, a substantial proportion of children in rural Puducherry do not meet dietary diversity standards, particularly younger (< 24 months) and underweight children.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indian pediatricsPub Date : 2025-04-02DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00061-1
Vykuntaraju K Gowda, Prafful Gowda, Varunvenkat M Srinivasan, Udhav Kinhal, Hemadri Vegda, Viveka-Santhosh Reddy
{"title":"Clinical Profile, Genotypes, and Outcomes in Children with Pyridoxine Dependent Epilepsy (PDE): A Single Center Experience from Southern India.","authors":"Vykuntaraju K Gowda, Prafful Gowda, Varunvenkat M Srinivasan, Udhav Kinhal, Hemadri Vegda, Viveka-Santhosh Reddy","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00061-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00061-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the clinical, laboratory profile, and outcome of Indian children with pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective chart reviews of all children with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of PDE between April 2012 and March 2024 were included; clinical and laboratory data were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two children (13 boys) were diagnosed with PDE and all presented with seizures and encephalopathy. Oculogyric crisis was observed in majority (n = 20, 91%) cases. Variants were identified in ALDH7A1 (17), PLPBP (4), and PNPO (1) genes in the current cohort. One child expired within 24 h of initiation of pyridoxine. Another child had refractory seizures, two had epileptic spasms and seven had provoked seizures. Autistic features were noted in two and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in 15 children.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Seizures, encephalopathy, and oculogyric crisis help are clinical cues to aid in early diagnosis of PDE. PDE may be associated with comorbidities like autism and ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indian pediatricsPub Date : 2025-04-02DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00032-6
Akshita Soni, Sushil K Kabra
{"title":"Oral Selenium as an Adjunct in the Treatment of Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Children.","authors":"Akshita Soni, Sushil K Kabra","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00032-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00032-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indian pediatricsPub Date : 2025-04-02DOI: 10.1007/s13312-025-00039-z
Kumar Guru Mishra, Nabnita Patnaik, Nihar Ranjan Pradhan
{"title":"School Teachers' Perspectives on National Iron Plus Initiative Implementation: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Kumar Guru Mishra, Nabnita Patnaik, Nihar Ranjan Pradhan","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00039-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00039-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the school teachers' perspectives on factors affecting the implementation of National Iron Plus Initiative (NIPI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative participatory study was conducted in six schools in rural areas of Telangana, involving free listing, pile sorting, and force field analysis. Analysis included frequency calculations, multidimensional scaling, hierarchical cluster analysis, and thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty four teachers participated; 25 barriers and 14 enablers were identified. Key barriers included lack of education and health literacy, negative attitudes, lack of faith in public services, and unhygienic practices. Major enablers were school-based anemia-related activities, government awareness programs, and programmatic interventions. Force field analysis revealed attitudes and awareness gaps as significant barriers, while school-based activities emerged as the primary enabler.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>School-based interventions, addressing attitudinal and educational barriers, and adopting a holistic approach are crucial for effective anemia prevention in rural settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}