Indian pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of Biweekly Iron Supplementation on Iron Status in Under-Five Children: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Krishna Nesara, Dhandapany Gunasekaran, Sharbari Basu","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00099-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13312-025-00099-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic biweekly Iron and Folic acid (IFA) supplementation (National Iron Plus Initiative) in maintaining iron status in under-five children with iron sufficiency.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive healthy children screened for normal iron status (normal hemoglobin and serum ferritin) were started on iron prophylaxis as one mL syrup containing 20 mg elemental iron and 100 µg folic acid biweekly for six months. The pre- and post-supplementation hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 573 children screened, none were receiving IFA prophylaxis routinely. A total of 173 out of 200 eligible children completed the intervention with a significant increase in the mean (SD) hemoglobin [11.7 (0.5)-11.9 (0.5) g/dL] and serum ferritin [54.5 (23.5)- 63.6 (21.1) µg/L] at six months (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Biweekly iron and folic acid supplementation improved iron status in children aged 1 to 5 years with iron sufficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"516-520"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ILAE 2025 Classification of Epileptic Seizures: Key Revisions and Implications for Clinical Practice.","authors":"Kaushik Ragunathan, Vishnupriya Veeraraghavan, Jaya Shankar Kaushik","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00120-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00120-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) published an updated epileptic seizure classification in April 2025. While the core framework of the 2017 version is retained, the revised classification introduces six main changes aimed at improving clarity for clinical practice. The term \"onset\" is removed from the names of main seizure classes. The word \"awareness\" is now replaced with \"consciousness\" as a classifier, which is now defined by both awareness and responsiveness. The term \"motor\" seizures have been replaced with seizures with \"observable\" features to better reflect what can be witnessed during a seizure. The chronological sequence of seizure semiology is given more importance, rather than just relying on the first-noticed symptomatology. The update also recognizes epileptic negative myoclonus as a new seizure type. Epileptic spasms are now used as a descriptor in focal and unknown seizures, and retained as a seizure type for generalized seizures. This article aims to summarize the key changes and new recommendations for pediatricians.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Lifestyle Medicine and the Role of the Pediatrician.","authors":"Mahima Gulati, Suneela Garg","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00125-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13312-025-00125-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144333029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Health Impact of Kawasaki Disease in India: Projections for 2030.","authors":"Jyoti Dixit, Rakesh Kumar Pilania, Ruby Nimesh, Surjit Singh, Shankar Prinja","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00121-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00121-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis that usually affects children below 5 years and has now become the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children, surpassing acute rheumatic fever. Incidence data from Chandigarh, India, between 1994 and 2019 shows a monthly increase of 0.002 cases/100,000 children aged < 5 years and 0.0165 cases/100,000 children aged < 15 years. Projections for 2020-2030 suggest a sustained monthly rise of 0.0177 cases/100,000 children aged < 15 years. This trend mirrors global patterns of rising incidence of KD. This can pose significant public health challenges due to serious cardiovascular complications such as coronary artery aneurysms, myocardial ischemia, and sudden cardiac death associated with KD. Limited awareness, delayed diagnosis, and high treatment costs exacerbate the disease's clinical and economic burden. Early diagnosis and appropriate management remain critical for reducing the long-term morbidity. Predictive modelling highlights the urgency of allocating resources to address this emerging public health challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Cardiology.","authors":"Amber Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00124-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00124-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consensus Guidelines of the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP)-Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics Chapter on Developmentally Supportive Follow-Up for High-Risk Infants.","authors":"Zafar Mahmood Meenai, M K C Nair, Samir Dalwai, Lal D V Nair, Sheffali Gulati, Sharmila B Mukherjee, Naveen Jain, Deepak Dwivedi, Kawaljit S Multani, Shambhavi Seth, Vivek V Singh, Atanu Bhadra, Vasant Khalatkar, Santhosh K Kraleti, Monica Juneja, Leena Deshpande, Anjan Bhattacharya, Lalan Kumar Bharti, Yogesh Parikh, Leena Srivastava, Sitaraman Sadasivan, Jeeson C Unni, Manmeet K Sodhi, Shyamal Kumar, Deepa Bhaskaran, Adarsh Eregowda, Indu Surana, Abraham K Paul, Ashok Rai, Sanjay Shivanna, Khurshid Wani, Lata Bhat, Shabina Ahmed, Nimmy K Joseph","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00110-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13312-025-00110-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Justification: </strong>With increasing neonatal survival, there is a need for trained staff for timely identification and intervention for high-risk infants. Since the foundation of neurodevelopment is laid in the first three years of life, addressing the lacunae of a robust guidelines for extended follow-up of high-risk infants needs to be formulated to avoid remediation or rehabilitation later on.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To develop comprehensive evidence-based consensus guidelines for developmentally supportive care and follow-up of high-risk infants in the Indian context with the aim of reducing the need for future rehabilitative services.</p><p><strong>Process: </strong>Scientific literature over the last 10 years was searched using database-specific controlled vocabularies like Emtree for Embase, MeSH terms for PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL headings for CINAHL databases, and the Cochrane Library. The available studies were analyzed based on their scientific credibility and strength of evidence. Data from meta-analysis, systematic reviews, and randomized controlled trials was extracted, and relevant statements were prepared. These were deliberated in two onsite Delphi rounds of discussion (February 19, 2023 and January 11, 2025) and one hybrid (online and onsite) Delphi round (February 6, 2025). The final draft was made under different headings and was circulated, followed by recommendations made with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) analysis. The final draft after incorporating all suggestions was circulated and accepted online on March 2, 2025.</p><p><strong>Statement: </strong>The recommendations propose using a color-coded system to monitor high-risk infants, risk stratification, promoting early stimulation, structured interventions, and parental involvement. Routine care should align with the infant's behavioral state and use validated screening tools and growth charts. Comprehensive follow-ups, including screening for retinopathy of prematurity, thyroid disorders, developmental dysplasia of hip, and hearing impairments, are essential, with specialized therapies provided as needed. Structured follow-up guidelines are likely to improve the selection of high-risk infants, plan follow-up, and guide pediatricians on screening, evaluation, early stimulation, intervention, and plan-specific definitive therapies with rehabilitation therapists which would ultimately decrease the childhood disability.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Disability Literacy Scale for Caregivers of Children with Chronic Neurodevelopmental Disabilities (DLS-C).","authors":"Urmila Dahake, Vedavati Bandyopadhyay, Jaya Prasad Tripathy, Meenakshi Girish, Pradeep Deshmukh, Sofia Azad, Gayatri Devi Chinnappa, Franzina Coutinho, Chitra Shah, Asis Kumar Ghosh, M C Hamsalekha, Devika Jain, Varidmala Jain, Dinesh Saroj, Shambhavi Seth, Navamani Venkatachalapathi","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00104-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13312-025-00104-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop a disability literacy scale for caregivers of children with chronic neurodevelopmental disabilities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multicentric cross-sectional, facility-based study was conducted across ten sites in India in three phases. In the first phase, item generation and identification of core items for the scale were carried out through free listing and Smith's Salience Score. The second phase involved establishing content validity through Delphi rounds with experts, followed by identification of factors and reliability analysis in phase three by recruiting caregivers (n = 323) from each center through simple random sampling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 83 items generated through free listing, 24 items were included in the final scale with an excellent reliability of 0.79. Exploratory factor analysis identified five factors explaining 31% variance: knowledge regarding treatment and support services (7 items), knowledge regarding activity and participation decisions (4 items), collaborative goal setting ability (4 items), lifespan concerns (6 items), and skills for self-help (3 items).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A reliable, disability-specific literacy measurement tool has been developed for caregivers of children with chronic neurodevelopmental disabilities. The scale is available in five Indian languages and can be self-administered by caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measles Outbreak Investigation in Chandigarh in 2023: A Case Series.","authors":"Vidushi Mahajan, Mini P Singh, Anjali Sharma, Poonam Kanta, Shivani Gupta, Vishal Guglani","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00112-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13312-025-00112-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the measles virus (MeV) outbreak at a tertiary-care centre of northern India in 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Probable and confirmed cases of measles presenting to from a tertiary hospital in Chandigarh, India, between January 01, 2023, and September 30, 2023, were defined using the WHO measles outbreak toolbox. Laboratory confirmation was based on positive IgM serology for measles. Laboratory-confirmed cases were subjected to genotyping by real-time polymerase chain reaction as per the Centre for Disease Control protocol.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 38 laboratory-confirmed cases, 18 (47%) were infants; 10 out of 18 infants were aged < 9 months. 60% cases were unvaccinated for MeV. Genotyping in 3 out of 5 cases revealed the D8 genotype, MeV strain MVs/Thiruvananthapuram. IND/18.12 in circulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 2023 outbreak underscores the critical impact of the immunization gap, need for sustained vaccination efforts and to consider early 2-dose schedule to prevent similar occurrences in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development in Pulmonary Function Tests Over Five Decades.","authors":"Prawin Kumar, Jagdish Prasad Goyal","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00117-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00117-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children Discharged Against Medical Advice and Their Outcome in a Public Hospital in India: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Shilpi Jha, Devendra Mishra, Anurag Agarwal","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00108-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00108-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the factors associated with discharge against medical advice (DAMA), and the readmission and mortality rate at one-month follow-up among these children.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This prospective cohort study enrolled consecutive children (6 months-12 years) from one designated inpatient ward. Clinical and demographic data, and information about reasons for DAMA were collected using a structured interview. Outcome of DAMA patients was assessed telephonically at one month after discharge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 538 children, 28 (5.2%) obtained DAMA. Predictors of DAMA on multivariate analysis were partial/unimmunized status, underlying chronic disease, and higher Pediatric Early Warning Score (PEWS) at admission. The most common contributors to DAMA included hospital-related reasons (n = 17, 60.7%), disease-related reasons (n = 9, 32.1%), and sociodemographic reasons (n = 7, 25%). A total of 25 children could be followed up at one month; of these 10 were readmitted at another hospital, and 5 died.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The high rates of readmission and mortality among these children emphasize the need for targeted interventions to address the underlying causes of DAMA.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144215619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}