{"title":"类固醇敏感肾病综合征儿童主要照顾者的心理社会困扰、抑郁和负担","authors":"Mritunjay Kumar, Rashmi Kumari, Rashmi Shukla, Namita Mishra, Amit Shukla, Bimlesh Prasad","doi":"10.1007/s13312-025-00132-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assessed the psychological distress, depression, and burden among primary caregivers of children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) and explored its association with disease severity and patient/caregiver demographics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Psychological assessment of primary caregivers of children aged 6 months to 15 years with SSNS was performed using General Health Questionnaire-12 for psychological distress, Beck Depression Inventory for depression, and Zarit Burden Interview-6 for caregiver burden.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 72 eligible caregivers, 60 were included. Severe depression, severe psychological distress, and significant caregiver burden were observed in 38.3%, 30%, and 61.7% of primary caregivers, respectively. Steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) and disease duration over 24 months increased severe psychological distress. Risk factors for caregiver depression included child < 7 years, female gender, frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (FRNS)/SDNS, steroid use > 6 months, > 4 relapses, and prior hospitalization. Caregiver burden was higher in younger age, FRNS/SDNS, hospitalization, and lower middle socio-economic status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Caregivers of children with SSNS experience significant psychological distress, depression, and financial burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":13291,"journal":{"name":"Indian pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Psychosocial Distress, Depression and Burden Among Primary Caregivers of Children With Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome.\",\"authors\":\"Mritunjay Kumar, Rashmi Kumari, Rashmi Shukla, Namita Mishra, Amit Shukla, Bimlesh Prasad\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s13312-025-00132-3\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assessed the psychological distress, depression, and burden among primary caregivers of children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) and explored its association with disease severity and patient/caregiver demographics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Psychological assessment of primary caregivers of children aged 6 months to 15 years with SSNS was performed using General Health Questionnaire-12 for psychological distress, Beck Depression Inventory for depression, and Zarit Burden Interview-6 for caregiver burden.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 72 eligible caregivers, 60 were included. Severe depression, severe psychological distress, and significant caregiver burden were observed in 38.3%, 30%, and 61.7% of primary caregivers, respectively. Steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) and disease duration over 24 months increased severe psychological distress. Risk factors for caregiver depression included child < 7 years, female gender, frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (FRNS)/SDNS, steroid use > 6 months, > 4 relapses, and prior hospitalization. Caregiver burden was higher in younger age, FRNS/SDNS, hospitalization, and lower middle socio-economic status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Caregivers of children with SSNS experience significant psychological distress, depression, and financial burden.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":13291,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Indian pediatrics\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-07-08\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Indian pediatrics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00132-3\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"PEDIATRICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Indian pediatrics","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-025-00132-3","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PEDIATRICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Psychosocial Distress, Depression and Burden Among Primary Caregivers of Children With Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome.
Objective: This study assessed the psychological distress, depression, and burden among primary caregivers of children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) and explored its association with disease severity and patient/caregiver demographics.
Methods: Psychological assessment of primary caregivers of children aged 6 months to 15 years with SSNS was performed using General Health Questionnaire-12 for psychological distress, Beck Depression Inventory for depression, and Zarit Burden Interview-6 for caregiver burden.
Results: Out of 72 eligible caregivers, 60 were included. Severe depression, severe psychological distress, and significant caregiver burden were observed in 38.3%, 30%, and 61.7% of primary caregivers, respectively. Steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) and disease duration over 24 months increased severe psychological distress. Risk factors for caregiver depression included child < 7 years, female gender, frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (FRNS)/SDNS, steroid use > 6 months, > 4 relapses, and prior hospitalization. Caregiver burden was higher in younger age, FRNS/SDNS, hospitalization, and lower middle socio-economic status.
Conclusion: Caregivers of children with SSNS experience significant psychological distress, depression, and financial burden.
期刊介绍:
The general objective of Indian Pediatrics is "To promote the science and practice of Pediatrics." An important guiding principle has been the simultaneous need to inform, educate and entertain the target audience. The specific key objectives are:
-To publish original, relevant, well researched peer reviewed articles on issues related to child health.
-To provide continuing education to support informed clinical decisions and research.
-To foster responsible and balanced debate on controversial issues that affect child health, including non-clinical areas such as medical education, ethics, law, environment and economics.
-To achieve the highest level of ethical medical journalism and to produce a publication that is timely, credible and enjoyable to read.