Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution最新文献

{"title":"Data-Driven Surrogate-Assisted Acceleration Approach for Long-Term Stochastic Chronological Operation Simulation","authors":"Pengfei Zhao,&nbsp;Yingyun Sun,&nbsp;Dong Liu,&nbsp;Guodong Guo","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.70147","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.70147","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Stochastic chronological operation simulation (S-COS) is essential for analysing long-term supply-demand balance in power systems with high penetration of renewable energy. However, conventional methods face significant computational challenges due to inter-temporal constraints and numerous binary variables in multi-scenario annual simulations. This paper presents a novel data-driven, surrogate-assisted approach to accelerate year-round, scenario-based operation simulations. The proposed approach employs a temporal decomposition method to decouple the annual stochastic optimization problem into an inter-day scheduling model and multiple intra-day power dispatch models, which are efficiently solved using a data-driven surrogate model. Case studies on modified six-bus and IEEE 118-bus systems demonstrate the approach's adaptability to various scenarios and its scalability across different network scales. Results show that this approach improves computational efficiency by at least 100 times compared to conventional methods, with even faster performance in larger systems. It also maintains high accuracy, achieving an average annual operating cost error of only 1.35% relative to benchmarks.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.70147","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A fault-model-free method based on zero-crossings for locating high-impedance faults in overhead distribution networks","authors":"Juan Carlos Huaquisaca Paye,&nbsp;João Paulo Abreu Vieira,&nbsp;André Pinto Leão,&nbsp;Ghendy Cardoso Junior,&nbsp;Adriano Peres de Morais,&nbsp;Patrick Escalante Farias,&nbsp;Mairon Gallas,&nbsp;Marcelo Costa Santos","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13353","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13353","url":null,"abstract":"<p>High-impedance faults (HIFs) location is an increasingly relevant reliability issue in the power distribution industry. The development of practical and accurate one-terminal HIF-locating methods is vital for reducing long-duration outage restoration time and cost. However, the dependency on the estimation of both fault model parameters and fault current signal can jeopardize the accuracy and practicality of existing one-terminal HIF-locating methods. This paper proposes a one-terminal fault-model-free iterative method based on zero-crossings for locating HIFs in overhead distriFbution networks. Two insights into voltage signal relationships are provided to eliminate the need for estimating fault model parameters and the fault current signal in the HIF-locating process. The first one is based on zero-crossings of the calculated voltage drop signal for estimating two parameters of the voltage signal on the fault point. The other insight is based on the zero-crossing of the voltage signal on the fault point, in which the two parameters were previously estimated, for calculating the fault distance from the <i>k</i>th node. Simulation results on a modified IEEE 34-node test feeder validate the high accuracy and robustness of the proposed method, considering the effect of several factors on fault distance estimation. In addition, the method convergence performance is assessed.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13353","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144927384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bi-Level Graph-Based Optimisation for Distribution Network Reconfiguration and Optimal Placement of TCLBS and DC Switches","authors":"Hossein Parsadust,&nbsp;Mohammad Ebrahim Hajiabadi,&nbsp;Hossein Lotfi","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.70144","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.70144","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Distribution network reconfiguration (DNR) has been extensively studied as a strategy to improve network performance indices such as loss reduction, voltage profile enhancement, and reliability. Despite significant progress, challenges remain—particularly concerning energy imbalances during peak load periods and the need to preserve critical load points while managing load shedding. In this study, a novel graph-based bi-level optimisation model is proposed to address these issues. At the first level, a load flow analysis is performed to determine the optimal network configuration by minimising network losses and voltage deviation. During this stage, only topologies that satisfy voltage convergence and maintain the network's radial condition are retained. In the second level, a graph theory-based search algorithm is employed to determine the optimal placement of two types of switches: disconnector switches (for reducing unsupplied energy and enhancing network reliability) and telecommunication load breaker switches (TCLBS, for shedding non-critical loads during peak demand). This two-level approach ensures that the final solution complies with all operational constraints while effectively addressing the energy imbalance issue. Simulations conducted on an IEEE 33-bus test network demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves network performance. For instance, in one scenario, energy losses, energy not supplied, and voltage deviation were reduced by approximately 29%, 21%, and 52%, respectively, compared to the initial network conditions. Moreover, the load shedding objective improved by 20%, thereby preserving critical load points. The proposed bi-level optimisation model, which leverages advanced graph-based techniques, offers an efficient and robust solution to the distribution network reconfiguration problem. It not only addresses existing challenges but also provides a promising framework for future research aimed at further enhancing network stability and efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.70144","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144897365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Hybrid Statistical Method for Power Swing Detection in Transmission Lines With Grid-Following Inverter","authors":"Behrooz Taheri,&nbsp;Seyed Amir Hosseini","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.70141","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.70141","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents a new statistical approach for reliably detecting power swings and faults in transmission lines that include grid-following (GFL) inverters. The method combines the strengths of the cumulative sum control chart (CUSUM) and entropy analysis (EA), using CUSUM's ability to quickly pick up on signal changes and EA's insight into system complexity. To test the proposed method, simulations were carried out in PSCAD/MATLAB on a modified IEEE 14-bus system with a GFL-type inverter-based resource. The results show that the method can effectively detect both faults and power swings, even in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise (signal-to-noise ratio = 10 dB). It also accurately distinguishes between different transient events, such as load switching, generator trips, and capacitor bank switching, with a 100% success rate in identifying non-fault conditions. Furthermore, it consistently detects faults across a range of fault resistances (0 to 10 Ω) with perfect accuracy. Compared to existing techniques, this approach performs better in systems that integrate GFL inverters and offers a more efficient solution with lower computational requirements for power system protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.70141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collaborative Optimisation of Frequency Regulation Capability and Power Schedule for HVDC Interconnected Asynchronous Systems","authors":"Yukang Shen,&nbsp;Wenchuan Wu,&nbsp;Chenhui Lin,&nbsp;Bin Wang,&nbsp;Run Huang,&nbsp;Yixuan Chen,&nbsp;Qiang Yu","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.70132","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.70132","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The high voltage DC links are required to provide frequency regulation support to alleviate frequency concerns of multi-area asynchronous power systems. However, the inter-area DC frequency support capabilities lack coordination with the intra-area frequency regulation resources of sub-grids under the existing scheduling mode, which may lead to frequency safety issues after power disturbance. To address this issue, this paper proposes a collaborative scheduling optimisation model, where the DC droop factors are set as scheduling variables and periodically allocated in coordination with the frequency regulation capabilities and power scheduling plan of each sub-area. Several types of power disturbances, including the intra-area disturbances as well as the inter-area DC blocking disturbances, are considered. The RoCoF and frequency deviation of all sub-networks under these disturbance scenarios are constrained in the proposed model. Case studies show that the frequency safety can be guaranteed and the asynchronous power system would benefit from the improved operational flexibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.70132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144881447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the Minimum Phase-to-Phase Gap Distance for Unconventional Transmission Lines Using Numerical Method","authors":"Easir Arafat,&nbsp;Mona Ghassemi","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.70140","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.70140","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the increasing demand for power transmission, compact, high surge impedance loading (HSIL) high-voltage transmission lines have emerged as a viable solution due to their reduced land acquisition costs and higher power delivery capability. The compactness of a transmission line depends on effective insulation coordination, particularly in determining the phase-to-phase clearance, which is governed by the critical flashover voltage under switching and lightning overvoltage conditions. Traditional methods for phase-to-phase clearance rely on empirical formulas derived from experimental data, which are convenient for conventional high-voltage lines. However, unconventional HSIL lines require a faster and more adaptable evaluation method, as they involve optimized conductor positioning to reduce right-of-way requirements while enhancing natural power loadability. This study presents a simplified numerical approach to determine the minimum phase-to-phase gap, utilizing arc propagation viability curves, and offers an efficient alternative to conventional empirical methods. The proposed method was successfully applied to a 500 kV conventional line as well as 500 and 735 kV unconventional line designs, demonstrating its capability in accurately assessing insulation requirements. Results reveal that the method can support reduced gap clearances while still maintaining reliability, thereby validating its usefulness in optimizing compact transmission line configurations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.70140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144869712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting Broken Conductor Faults in the Presence of Inverter-Based Resources","authors":"Brady Alexander,&nbsp;Milad Beikbabaei,&nbsp;Ali Mehrizi-Sani","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.70139","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.70139","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing number of inverter-based resources (IBR) in the power system and the fast response of IBRs during faults impose new challenges for protection. An open circuit (OC) fault can be the result of a breaker malfunction or a broken conductor, where the broken conductor fault can occur with or without a series arc. It is essential to develop a fast broken conductor fault detection method in the presence of IBRs. An undetected broken conductor fault can degrade power quality, cause local outages and forest fires, and cause personnel injury if conductors contact the ground. Existing broken conductor fault detection methods typically use a measure of current imbalance; however, these methods can be inaccurate due to the current imbalance not being local to the faulted line. This paper proposes a method using current magnitudes and angles to detect a broken conductor fault with and without a series arcing event when the local generation is supplied by grid-forming (GFM) and grid-following (GFL) IBRs. The proposed broken conductor fault detection method without arcing looks for a decrease in phase current, an increase in zero-crossing events, and an impedance angle that falls in a capacitive window. The proposed broken conductor fault detection logic with arcing alerts for a decrease in phase current and impedance angle over a predefined series arcing window. Time domain simulation studies are performed in PSCAD/EMTDC to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed broken conductor for both GFM and GFL IBRs in approximately one fundamental cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.70139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144861855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Spatio-Temporal Attention–Enhanced LSTM Model for Critical Fault-Set Identification Under Wildfire Conditions","authors":"Yifan Li,&nbsp;Hao Wu,&nbsp;Bing Hou,&nbsp;Tong Liu,&nbsp;Ansi Wang,&nbsp;Jingzhe Tu,&nbsp;Haiting Zhang,&nbsp;Jiashuo Lv","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.70138","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.70138","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Power systems are severely threatened by wildfires, which can potentially trigger <i>N–k</i> cascading faults and lead to large-scale blackouts. To mitigate these risks, this paper proposes a novel critical fault-set identification model. First, an LSTM-based framework is introduced to model the time-series evolution of line states under varying load levels and external wildfire conditions. Meanwhile, a spatio-temporal attention mechanism is introduced to account for both the topological connectivity among transmission lines and their temporal dependencies. This integrated model not only addresses the temporal continuity in cascading failures but also accounts for topological complexity in the grid. Experimental results show that the model achieves a high identification accuracy of 98.05% on the test set, surpassing the performance of baselines including Transformer-based and CNN-LSTM architectures. Furthermore, it demonstrates strong adaptability to different load conditions and wildfire intensities, underscoring its practical value in wildfire scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.70138","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Virtual Converter Control Scheme Achieving Fast Fault Current Injection With Minimal Impact on Stability in Grid-Following Converters","authors":"Chenqi Wu,&nbsp;Ning Li,&nbsp;Jieyu Yao,&nbsp;Michael Merlin,&nbsp;Paul Judge","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.70137","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.70137","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fast fault current injection (FFCI) is a critical requirement for fault ride-through compliance in voltage source converters (VSCs). A common approach to improving fault current response speed involves increasing the phase-locked loop bandwidth, however, this can significantly compromise system stability. Thus, achieving enhanced FFCI performance without stability degradation remains a major challenge. This paper proposes a FFCI-virtual converter system (FFCI-VCS) control scheme, based on a virtual converter integrated with a virtual impedance network. The proposed method improves the rise time and magnitude of the fault current, enabling fast fault current injection within the first cycle (20 ms) of a grid fault, while maintaining flexible steady-state tracking of the current reference and minimizing the impact on system stability. The system's sequence impedance is analytically modelled and validated using Simulink simulations, demonstrating that stability remains unaffected under specific parameter settings. Simulation results showing the impact of the FFC-VCS on distance protection is presented to demonstrate how it can improve protection performance efficacy. Furthermore, hardware experiments verify the real-time performance of the proposed FFCI-VCS.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.70137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of Wind Power Curtailment by VSC-HVDC System Considering LVRT Operation","authors":"Sangwon Kim","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.70079","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A methodology to reduce wind power output curtailment using voltage-source converter-based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) systems is proposed. Wind generation sources should have a reserve capacity for reactive power output to cope with voltage drop events. The active power output of the wind model should be curtailed to ensure reactive power output. This curtailment increases the fuel cost of the power system, which is undesirable from an economic perspective. However, the reactive power output from wind generation can be reduced if the VSC-HVDC system provides sufficient reactive power. The proposed method determines the optimal wind curtailment level based on an optimal power flow (OPF) formulation. The outputs of the synchronous generators, VSC-HVDC systems, and wind generation sources are treated as controllable variables in the OPF analysis. Feasible voltage operation near a wind generation source after a voltage drop is included as an additional constraint. The optimal values of the wind power curtailment levels and generator dispatch are examined using the IEEE 39-bus system model. Sensitivity analysis is conducted on the wind-side voltage constraints, installation capacities of the VSC-HVDC systems and wind sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.70079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}