Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution最新文献

{"title":"Mitigating voltage deviation, SOCs difference, and currents disparity in DC microgrids using a novel piecewise SOC-based control method","authors":"Ehsan Erfani Haghani Kerman,&nbsp;Mohammad Amin Abavisani,&nbsp;Mohammad Eydi,&nbsp;Reza Ghazi","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13152","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Proper current sharing, DC bus voltage deviation reduction, and SOCs balancing, along with ensuring stability are the vital challenges of DC microgrids control algorithms. Addressing these challenges without communication links and a central controller is one of the priorities of control methods. Motivated by the above mentions, this paper presents a novel communication-free control method. In this regard, a new parameter called “virtual current” is defined according to the unit current and its SOC. Then using a piecewise droop curve and the droop curve shift technique, the virtual current for each unit is determined. The units control coefficients and the relationship of the virtual current are allocated based on the location and power of the loads and RESs such that in the worst case; 1) SOCs are converged; 2) the DC bus voltage deviation is reduced; and 3) the current is appropriately distributed. The simulation and experimental results confirm that the proposed method can balance SOCs like SOC-based methods and share power properly like piecewise droop methods while reducing DC bus voltage deviation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13152","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140619744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordination of aluminium crusher and battery energy storage system to provide multistage power system services","authors":"Osaka Rubasinghe,&nbsp;Tingze Zhang,&nbsp;Xinan Zhang,&nbsp;Tat Kei Chau,&nbsp;Yau Chow,&nbsp;Tyrone Fernando,&nbsp;Herbert Ho-Ching Iu","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13153","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ancillary service provision and peak shaving (PS) play essential roles in the current day-to-day power system operation, which is challenged by the increasing renewable generation penetration. Providing these critical services using classical approaches such as peak load generators has been limited due to high operational costs and environmental impacts. The use of battery energy storage systems (BESS) is another popular method that is limited by high initial investment costs and high degradation rates. In this work, a novel approach to utilize industrial loads and BESS to provide multiple power system services in different stages is proposed. Industrial loads such as aluminium crushers are known for their intensive electricity consumption. Nevertheless, when applied in frequency regulation (FR), they perform poorly due to their discrete nature in operation. This drawback and the aforementioned BESS shortcomings are addressed by combining on-site BESS with plant machinery to provide FR services and recover BESS related costs. Later, depending on the optimal capacity distribution, BESS usage is extended into the energy arbitrage market to provide PS services. This approach resulted in higher earnings for participating customers and network operators, as well as in less <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>CO</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>${rm {CO}}_{2}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> emissions, and minimal BESS degradations. An Australian case study of the South West Interconnected System, along with Worsley Alumina refinery data of Western Australia has been used to showcase the model performances.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13153","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140619770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term electric load forecasting based on empirical wavelet transform and temporal convolutional network","authors":"Zhongwei Zhao,&nbsp;Wenfang Lin","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13151","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13151","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Short-term load forecasting is the basis of power system operation and analysis and is of great significance for the stable operation of power systems. To solve the problems of insufficient mining of the intrinsic information of load data, randomness, and non-linearity, and to improve the accuracy of load prediction, the authors propose a short-term power load prediction model based on empirical wavelet transform (EWT) decomposition and the temporal convolutional network (TCN). First, the Pearson coefficient is used to eliminate the less relevant influencing factors to reduce the complexity of the model. Then, the EWT algorithm is used to decompose the original load signal to fully exploit the load data time domain and frequency domain information, while solving the problems of non-linearity and randomness. Finally, the decomposed subsequences are input to the TCN network for prediction superposition to obtain the final results. The experimental results show that, compared with the single models TCN, gated recurrent units (GRU), and long short-term memory (LSTM), and the hybrid models EWT-GRU, EWT-LSTM, and VMD-TCN, the R2 of the short-term power load forecasting model based on EWT-TCN is improved by 0.2099%, 0.2519%, 0.3453%, 0.0334%, 0.1766%, and 0.1228%, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140368261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A ground fault location algorithm in double-circuit transmission lines with T-off connection to an industrial microgrid by using current and voltage phasors information of a single terminal","authors":"Mahyar Abasi,&nbsp;Omid Sadeghian","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13154","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13154","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper presents a ground fault location algorithm (GFLA) in double-circuit transmission lines (DCTL) with a T-off connection to an industrial microgrid (IMG) containing electric arc furnaces (EAF), renewable distributed generations (RDG), and static VAR compensator (SVC). The design presented utilizes the information on the current and voltage phasors of one side of the transmission lines (TL) during the fault period, and there is no need for the availability of information on the type of faulty phase(s) and even the faulty section. To find the exact location of the fault in this design, the voltage phasor equations governing the fault point in positive, negative, and zero-sequence (PNZS) domains, the zero-sequence current (ZSC) equation of the fault point, and the boundary condition equation of the fault point have been used. The simulation system is implemented in Simulink/MATLAB using accurate modelling of all network components. The algorithm has been tested and evaluated in different fault conditions, including various locations, phase types, phase-to-ground connection resistance, occurrence time, and microgrid (MG) operation modes. The successful results of various tests of the proposed design as well as the analysis of various sensitivities confirm the satisfying performance of the suggested algorithm.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13154","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140369920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic modelling and a dual vector modulated improved model predictive control with auto tuning feature of active front-end converters for distributed energy resources","authors":"Rajdip Debnath,&nbsp;Gauri Shanker Gupta,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar,&nbsp;Prabhat R. Tripathi,&nbsp;Ehab F. El-Saadany,&nbsp;Wulfran Fendzi Mbasso,&nbsp;Salah Kamel","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13145","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13145","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The operational performance of grid-connected active front-end converters (AFEs) faces challenges arising from the intricate interplay among phase-locked loop (PLL) non-linearities, grid impedance, and conventional control strategies, resulting in compromised stability. This study introduces a refined approach to dynamic model predictive control (MPC) by integrating recursive least squares (RLS) for the precise estimation of physical model parameters, thereby addressing stability concerns. Unlike conventional methodologies, the proposed enhanced RLS-based MPC approach, equipped with an auto-tuning feature, allows for the design of controllers without a prerequisite understanding of exact external dynamics. Notably, this technique exhibits exceptional disturbance rejection capabilities. The evaluation of the cost function at each sampling interval facilitates the determination of optimal switching states based on predicted variables. Gate pulses for the switches of the AFEs are generated accordingly. Employing a simulation platform, the proposed control structure's performance across varied conditions is comprehensively assessed, encompassing alterations in grid impedance and system non-linearities. The method adeptly integrates inherent non-linearities within the system, showcasing exceptional robustness in diverse dynamic scenarios. To further substantiate the efficacy of the proposed control system over conventional approaches, simulation results are validated using a laboratory hardware platform equipped with Typhoon HIL and dSPACE real-time emulators, providing tangible evidence of the proposed control system's effectiveness in real-world hardware setups. The multifaceted approach, encompassing precise parameter estimation, predictive control, auto-tuning, disturbance rejection, robust design, and real-time evaluation, collectively establishes a resilient foundation for enhancing and maintaining the overall stability of the system across diverse operating scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140234309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Driving an asynchronous motor powered by PV-MPPT using equivalent RST controller of fractional order PI and IP, based on generalized predictive control","authors":"Besma Nemouchi,&nbsp;Salah Eddine Rezgui,&nbsp;Abdulrahman Babqi,&nbsp;Ambe Harrison,&nbsp;Hocine Benalla,&nbsp;Enas Ali,&nbsp;Sherif S. M. Ghoneim","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13144","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13144","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article introduces a new model of a Reference Signal Tracking (RST) controller for the fractional order quantities. The controller is applied to an indirect field-oriented control (IFOC) system used for the speed control of an asynchronous motor powered by a photovoltaic (PV) generator with a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. This model utilizes two fractional order controllers: the fractional order proportional-integral (FOPI) regulator and the fractional-order integral-proportional (FOIP) regulator. These controllers are used with the generalized predictive control (GPC) technique. The first step in the approach is to derive the equivalent digital RST controller's model from the FOPI and FOIP controller's transfer functions. The GPC technique converts the continuous-time FOPI (and FOIP) controller into a discrete-time version. This conversion ensures a fast response and effective disturbance rejection. Simulation tests are conducted to analyze the rotor speed and stator current ripples to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the introduced scheme in achieving improved control performance in terms of response speed and disturbance rejection. The article presents a modified RST controller model based on the fractional order approach applied to an IFOC system for motor speed control driven by a photovoltaic generator. Using FOPI, FOIP controllers, and GPC contributes to enhanced control performance, as evidenced by the simulation results.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13144","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140238592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventive framework for resilience enhancement in networked microgrids: A focus on hydrogen integration and optimal energy management","authors":"Saeed Amini,&nbsp;Omid Safarzadeh,&nbsp;Babak Mozafari","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13149","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13149","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The integration of distributed energy resources and smart grid technologies has increased the vulnerability and complexity of modern power systems, especially in the face of extreme events. Enhancing the resilience of power systems is crucial to ensure continuous and reliable electricity supply during and after such events. This paper proposes a preventive framework to enhance the resilience of networked microgrids (NMGs) during extreme events. The framework integrates optimal energy management strategies and preventive resilience enhancement measures, focusing on the coordination and utilization of hydrogen (H₂) energy systems and controllable distributed generators (CDGs). The framework leverages capacity-based signals to prompt H₂ system owners and CDG operators to prepare for disruptions by fully charging H₂ storage tanks and pre-scheduling CDG commitments. By utilizing this proactive energy scheduling, critical loads can be supplied through stationary fuel cells and CDGs, improving overall network resilience. The proposed resilient energy management approach combines optimization techniques to improve the resilience of NMGs and reduce their dependence on the main grid. Numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed linear model in enhancing the resilience of NMGs and improving their operational performance during extreme events. The contributions of this paper include advancements in understanding NMGs, the development of a preventive framework, integration of H₂ energy systems and CDGs, and proposal of effective signalling models.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140242147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decomposition of unbalanced operation incremented active power loss in distribution network","authors":"Amin Dadashzade,&nbsp;Mohammad Hassan Amirioun,&nbsp;Farrokh Aminifar,&nbsp;Mahdi Davarpanah","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13054","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13054","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Unbalanced operation of distribution networks, as a crucial but inevitable aspect of power quality, brings about economic and technical issues. The increase in active power loss is more concerning due to the economic and technical implications. Economic sustainability of liberalized distribution networks is hugely tied to the availability of transparent and effective approaches to determine the stakeholders of this sort of phenomenon. This is done by awarding/penalizing them accordingly. Studies in the literature have not considered the incremental losses that unbalanced operations cause to distribution systems. Here, a mathematical approach based on vector analysis in the symmetrical components space is introduced. This approach quantifies the contribution of each unbalanced load to unbalanced operation and increased power losses. This technique discriminates between the mutual effects of different unbalanced loads on the power losses of the entire network. By means of the proposed approach, the best candidate unbalanced load(s)/location(s) to perform the corrective balancing actions and their ranking are precisely specified. Vector representation of the developed method simplifies its understanding, utilization, and expansion. For validation, the proposed method is applied to the IEEE 37-bus test distribution network under various scenarios. The results confirm the sound results and practical merits of the developed method.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140245804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An emergency control considering current limitation and transient stability of virtual synchronous generator","authors":"Xinmin Zhao,&nbsp;Haibo Zhang,&nbsp;Haoyu Zhu,&nbsp;Quan Hu,&nbsp;Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13148","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13148","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the increasing application of renewable energy sources (RESs), more and more grid-connected voltage-source converters (VSCs) in the grid need to operate in a “grid-forming” manner. However, when large disturbances occur in the grid, grid-connected converters may lose synchronization and cause the current to exceed set limits. To ensure the stable and safe operation of VSC during large disturbances and to improve the power supply capacity during voltage dips of RES, this paper proposes an emergency control method that takes into account the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) current limit and transient stability based on a large-signal mathematical model of the VSG during fault and normal states. The method divides the operation area of the VSG into non-emergency area and emergency area. If the operating point is in the non-emergency region after a fault, only the active power reference value is changed to avoid current exceeding the limit and transient instability; if the operating point is in the emergency region, the current exceeding the limit and transient instability are avoided by changing the active power reference value and adding in the virtual impedance. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified by simulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140246353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart grid optimization considering decentralized power distribution and demand side management","authors":"Fatemeh Afsari,&nbsp;Mehdi Ahmadi Jirdehi","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13150","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13150","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing integration of microgrids into distribution networks has highlighted the significance of evaluating and managing intelligent microgrids from both technical and economic perspectives. In this paper, a decentralized approach using agents is employed to optimize the operation of an intelligent microgrid within the telecommunications platform. The decentralized control method comprises two layers. The first layer represents the main microgrid, which includes loads and their controllers, as well as renewable and conventional resources. In the secondary layer, there is a telecommunication platform in which agents can operate as a control processor along with the means of communication. It should be noted that agents interact with the primary layer and neighbouring agents and exchange information with each other. This exchange takes place until the best state of optimization for the power supply occurs. In this study, the operation cost is calculated for decentralized control rules and considering telecommunication links. Also, the effect of performance on cost reduction is examined and compared with normal conditions and centralized methods. It can be seen that the operation cost of the network has decreased to 9.034% after the implementation of the mentioned method in comparison with the normal condition and it has decreased to 6.957% in comparison with the centralized method. Then, using a demand side management program, the cost will be reduced by 2.5%. In the next step, the uncertainty of available resources is taken into account where the uncertainties increase the cost by 7.8%.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13150","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140246122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}