Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Method for determining the harmonic contribution of consumer installations based on the application of passive filters 根据无源滤波器的应用确定消费装置谐波贡献的方法
IF 2 4区 工程技术
Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1049/gtd2.13209
Aleksandr Skamyin
{"title":"Method for determining the harmonic contribution of consumer installations based on the application of passive filters","authors":"Aleksandr Skamyin","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13209","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper presents a new method for estimating the contribution of distortion sources based on the application of passive harmonic filters. The method does not require the measurement of harmonic network impedance and is based on the measurement of harmonic currents of the grid, consumers and passive harmonic filters. Evaluation of the consumer contribution using a passive harmonic filter is necessary to select the parameters and connection points for harmonic reduction devices. A feature of the method is the correct determination of share contributions, regardless of background harmonic distortions. Based on this method, a single consumer can evaluate both the harmonic contributions of its own loads, even in the presence of background distortions, and the harmonic voltage distortions in the case of installing harmonic reduction devices. The research results are confirmed in laboratory conditions with various combinations of electrical loads connected both at the grid side and at the consumer side. For such conditions, the proposed method was compared with existing methods, among which are methods based on the measurement of harmonic voltage vectors, harmonic current vectors and active harmonic power. The application of the developed method was demonstrated using the example of a gas production field.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 14","pages":"2464-2479"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prediction of voltage stability index in buses without measurement in distribution systems 配电系统中无需测量的母线电压稳定指数预测
IF 2 4区 工程技术
Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1049/gtd2.13211
Mohammad Hasan Hemmatpour
{"title":"Prediction of voltage stability index in buses without measurement in distribution systems","authors":"Mohammad Hasan Hemmatpour","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13211","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In power systems, voltage collapse during overload can be a significant threat. Accurate forecasting of critical operational conditions within power grids is crucial for preventing such situations. Precise predictions of voltage collapse enable operators to monitor the system closely and implement necessary corrective measures promptly, avoiding potential issues. However, monitoring networks can be costly due to the numerous loads and transformers in the distribution system. A comprehensive approach known as the voltage stability index (VSI) forecast without measurement buses (VFWMB) has been introduced to address this challenge. This approach involves innovative methods, including the seeking observation zone with weight least square (SOZWLS) technique for determining the number and location of measurements in the network based on its topology. Additionally, short-term load forecasting is performed using the long short-term memory (LSTM) forecasting method, followed by voltage estimation for buses without measurements. Finally, the proposed method calculates the modern voltage stability index for distribution systems (MVSIDS) for upcoming hours. All indicators and techniques in the VFWMB method have been validated. The algorithm has been thoroughly tested on various networks, including small and large, balanced and unbalanced, and both real and test networks, showing high efficiency in the electricity industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 14","pages":"2435-2451"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A novel stochastic framework for optimal scheduling of smart cities as an energy hub 作为能源枢纽的智慧城市优化调度的新型随机框架
IF 2 4区 工程技术
Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1049/gtd2.13202
Masoud Shokri, Taher Niknam, Mojtaba Mohammadi, Moslem Dehghani, Pierluigi Siano, Khmaies Ouahada, Miad Sarvarizade-Kouhpaye
{"title":"A novel stochastic framework for optimal scheduling of smart cities as an energy hub","authors":"Masoud Shokri,&nbsp;Taher Niknam,&nbsp;Mojtaba Mohammadi,&nbsp;Moslem Dehghani,&nbsp;Pierluigi Siano,&nbsp;Khmaies Ouahada,&nbsp;Miad Sarvarizade-Kouhpaye","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13202","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Smart cities consist of various energy systems and services that must be optimally scheduled to improve energy efficiency and reduce operation costs. The smart city layout comprises a power distribution system, a thermal energy system, a water system, and the private and public transportation systems. Additionally, several new technologies such as reconfiguration, regenerative braking energy of the metro, etc. are considered. This study is one of the first to consider all these technologies together in a smart city. The proposed power distribution system is a grid-connected hybrid AC–DC microgrid. The biogeography-based optimization algorithm was utilized to seek the best solution for scheduling micro-turbines, fuel cells, heat pumps, desalination units, energy storage systems, AC–DC converters, purchasing power from the upstream, distributed energy resources, and transferring power amongst electric vehicle parking stations and metro for the next day. Also, the reduced unscented transformation layout was used to capture the system's uncertainty. The suggested layout is implemented on an enhanced IEEE 33-bus test system to show the efficiency of the suggested method. The results show that costs and environmental pollution are reduced. By comparing the proposed smart city with other studies, the efficiency and completeness of the proposed smart city are shown.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 14","pages":"2421-2434"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An advanced integral sliding mode controller design for residual current compensation inverters in compensated power networks to mitigate powerline bushfire hazards 针对补偿电网中剩余电流补偿逆变器的先进积分滑动模式控制器设计,以减轻电力线丛林火灾危害
IF 2 4区 工程技术
Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1049/gtd2.13206
Tushar Kanti Roy, Md Apel Mahmud
{"title":"An advanced integral sliding mode controller design for residual current compensation inverters in compensated power networks to mitigate powerline bushfire hazards","authors":"Tushar Kanti Roy,&nbsp;Md Apel Mahmud","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13206","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work deals with designing an advanced integral sliding mode controller (AISMC) for residual current compensation (RCC) inverters connected with arc suppression coils to compensate for power distribution networks where the main idea is to alleviate hazardous circumstances caused by electric faults on powerlines. The key advancement in the proposed AISMC over traditional sliding mode controllers is the utilization of an improved exponential reaching law which ensures the faster convergence of the desired control objective that is the fault current compensation in this particular application. An improved exponential reaching law (IERL) used in this work is a combination of the exponential and constant-proportional reaching laws (while existing approaches use constant reaching laws) which assists to minimize the current injection error through the RCC inverter in the steady-state. The integral action in conjunction with the exponential function in the sliding surface, based on which the proposed controller is designed, helps to eliminate the chattering effects in a quickest way that can be evidenced from the settling time and percentage overshoot. The feasibility of the proposed AISMC is theoretically assessed by analyzing the stability using the Lyapunov stability theory. Simulation and processor-in-loop results further justify the theoretical foundation by confirming the desired current injection and compensating voltage and current due to the fault. Finally, results are compared with a TIMSC for demonstrating the superiority of the AISMC.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 14","pages":"2406-2420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Probabilistic optimal power flow computation for power grid including correlated wind sources 包含相关风源的电网概率优化功率流计算
IF 2 4区 工程技术
Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1049/gtd2.13196
Qing Xiao, Zhuangxi Tan, Min Du
{"title":"Probabilistic optimal power flow computation for power grid including correlated wind sources","authors":"Qing Xiao,&nbsp;Zhuangxi Tan,&nbsp;Min Du","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13196","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper sets out to develop an efficient probabilistic optimal power flow (POPF) algorithm to assess the influence of wind power on power grid. Given a set of wind data at multiple sites, their marginal distributions are fitted by a newly developed generalized Johnson system, whose parameters are specified by a percentile matching method. The correlation of wind speeds is characterized by a flexible Liouville copula, which allows to model the asymmetric dependence structure. In order to improve the efficiency for solving POPF problem, a lattice sampling method is developed to generate wind samples at multiple sites, and a logistic mixture model is proposed to fit distributions of POPF outputs. Finally, case studies are performed, the generalized Johnson system is compared with Weibull distribution and the original Johnson system for fitting wind samples, Liouville copula is compared against Archimedean copula for modelling correlated wind samples, and lattice sampling method is compared with Sobol sequence and Latin hypercube sampling for solving POPF problem on IEEE 118-bus system, the results indicate the higher accuracy of the proposed methods for recovering the joint cumulative distribution function of correlated wind samples, as well as the higher efficiency for calculating statistical information of POPF outputs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 14","pages":"2383-2396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13196","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Novel dual-resonance damped alternating current testing system for offline partial discharge measurement of power cables 用于离线测量电力电缆局部放电的新型双谐振阻尼交流电测试系统
IF 2 4区 工程技术
Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1049/gtd2.13213
Li Wang, Lei Jin, Junbai Chen, Hongjie Li
{"title":"Novel dual-resonance damped alternating current testing system for offline partial discharge measurement of power cables","authors":"Li Wang,&nbsp;Lei Jin,&nbsp;Junbai Chen,&nbsp;Hongjie Li","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13213","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To accurately detect the early deterioration of electrical insulation in power cables, an energizing system is required for offline partial discharge (PD) measurements. The damped alternating current (DAC) testing system has emerged as an effective tool for inducing PD events. However, the existing systems often suffer from limitations such as signal interference, low sensitivity, and high costs. To address these issues, this study proposes a novel dual-resonance DAC testing system that is simple in structure and cost-effective. The prototype was built for testing 10-kV distribution cables, and its effectiveness was validated through experimental tests on a cable sample. The results show that this approach significantly improves PD detection sensitivity and successfully completes PD localization. This research contributes to the development of more efficient and affordable DAC generation technology for power cable testing applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 14","pages":"2397-2405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On the practical aspects of machine learning based active power loss forecasting in transmission networks 基于机器学习的输电网络有功功率损耗预测的实践问题
IF 2 4区 工程技术
Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1049/gtd2.13205
Franko Pandžić, Ivan Sudić, Tomislav Capuder, Ivan Pavičić
{"title":"On the practical aspects of machine learning based active power loss forecasting in transmission networks","authors":"Franko Pandžić,&nbsp;Ivan Sudić,&nbsp;Tomislav Capuder,&nbsp;Ivan Pavičić","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13205","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cost for covering active power losses makes a significant item in transmission system operators (TSO) annual budgets, and still it received limited attention in the existing literature. The focus of accurate power loss forecasting and procurement is of high increase during the past 2 years due to spikes in electricity prices, making the cost of covering the active power losses a dominant factor of TSO operational costs. This paper presents practical aspects of the highly accurate models for transmission loss forecast in the day ahead time frame for the Croatian transmission system. The contributions are two-fold: 1) Practical insights into usable TSO data are provided, filling a critical research gap and a foundational literature review is established on transmission loss forecasting. 2) A novel method utilizing only electricity transit data as input which outperforms existing practices is presented. For this, several algorithms such as gradient boosted decision tree model (XGB), support vector regressors, multiple linear regression and fully connected feedforward artificial neural networks are developed, and implemented and validated on data obtained from the Croatian TSO. The results show that the XGB model outperforms current TSO model by 32% for 4 months of comparison and TSCNET's commercial solution by 25% during a year-long testing period. The developed XGB model is also implemented as a software tool and put into everyday operation with the Croatian TSO.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 14","pages":"2452-2463"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
UAV-aided distribution line inspection using double-layer offloading mechanism 使用双层卸载机制的无人机辅助配电线路检测
IF 2 4区 工程技术
Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1049/gtd2.13207
Chunhong Duo, Yongqian Li, Wenwen Gong, Baogang Li, Guoliang Qi, Ji Zhang
{"title":"UAV-aided distribution line inspection using double-layer offloading mechanism","authors":"Chunhong Duo,&nbsp;Yongqian Li,&nbsp;Wenwen Gong,&nbsp;Baogang Li,&nbsp;Guoliang Qi,&nbsp;Ji Zhang","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13207","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the continuous growth of electricity demand, the safe and stable operation of distribution lines is crucial for power transportation. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) inspection has been widely used for the maintenance and repair of distribution lines. Due to the limitations of computational power and endurance, it is difficult for UAVs to independently complete data processing. Combined with mobile edge computing (MEC), this paper proposes a computing offloading strategy based on multi-agent reinforcement learning and double-layer offloading mechanism, which can further utilize the computing power of non-task devices and edge servers. Firstly, three-layer system architecture, named MEC-U-NTDC (MEC-UAV-Non-task Device Cloud), is built. Secondly, double-layer offloading mechanism is designed to comprehensively utilize the computing power of edge servers and neighbouring non-task devices. Finally, a multi-agent algorithm DLMQMIX is proposed to minimize the total cost for UAV inspection. Simulation experiments show that the proposed algorithm can effectively solve the task offloading problem of UAV-aided distribution line inspection, and compared with algorithms such as PSO, GA, and QMIX, it performs better in terms of average delay, system cost, and load balancing, achieving a smaller total system cost.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 13","pages":"2353-2372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141537056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Research on transmission line path planning model based on TFN-AHP and ACO 基于 TFN-AHP 和 ACO 的输电线路路径规划模型研究
IF 2 4区 工程技术
Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1049/gtd2.13208
Bin Wang, Chunliang Hua, Haijun Luo, Bao Suo, Guohua Zu
{"title":"Research on transmission line path planning model based on TFN-AHP and ACO","authors":"Bin Wang,&nbsp;Chunliang Hua,&nbsp;Haijun Luo,&nbsp;Bao Suo,&nbsp;Guohua Zu","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13208","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Transmission line planning is affected by a variety of geographic information factors, and traditional path planning methods are difficult to meet the future intelligent planning needs. Here, based on the geographic information system platform for geographic information data processing, the triangular fuzzy number analytic hierarchy process (TFN-AHP) is utilized for weight analysis to construct the cost layer. Meanwhile, guided mechanism, dimension-reducing mechanism, and avoidance mechanism are proposed to improve the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm, to shorten the planning time and improve the route planning effect. Finally, a local area in Guizhou Province is selected for case study and compared with the results of traditional ant colony optimization, and the results prove the effectiveness of the transmission line planning model proposed here.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 13","pages":"2373-2381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141537057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adaptive convergence enhancement strategies for Newton–Raphson power flow solutions in distribution networks 配电网中牛顿-拉夫逊功率流求解的自适应收敛增强策略
IF 2 4区 工程技术
Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1049/gtd2.13197
Nien-Che Yang, Chih-Hsiung Tseng
{"title":"Adaptive convergence enhancement strategies for Newton–Raphson power flow solutions in distribution networks","authors":"Nien-Che Yang,&nbsp;Chih-Hsiung Tseng","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13197","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study introduces a series of strategies to enhance convergence in the Newton–Raphson power flow method for unbalanced distribution networks. The proposed approach incorporates graph theory, Kron reduction, and current injection techniques. The network components, including transmission conductors, power transformers, power conductors, shunt capacitors/reactors, and demand loads, were merged into the bus impedance matrix. Using two identification processes (based on mismatches for bus voltages and bus power injections) and optimal multipliers (<i>μ</i>), the proposed approach estimates the initial bus voltages by approximating the converged solutions. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, the authors performed a comparative analysis of five IEEE test feeders in various scenarios. The results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach, particularly for unbalanced distribution systems with diverse transformer connections.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 13","pages":"2339-2352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141537055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信