Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution最新文献

{"title":"A risk-averse strategy based on information gap decision theory for optimal placement of service transformers in distribution networks","authors":"Mohammad Ali Alipour,&nbsp;Alireza Askarzadeh","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13167","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13167","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In distribution networks, among the planning problems, optimal placement of medium voltage to low voltage (MV/LV) transformers is a vital and challenging issue. Electrical load uncertainty is an important factor that affects the result of this planning problem. This paper investigates optimal allocation of service transformers with respect to the load uncertainty modelled by information gap decision theory (IGDT). For this aim, the planning problem is solved in risk-neutral (RN) and risk-averse (RA) frameworks. In RN strategy, objective function is defined to minimize the cost of service transformers and low voltage feeders as well as the cost of power losses. On the other hand, in RA strategy, objective function is defined to maximize the radius of the uncertainty in such a way that any deviation of the uncertain parameter results in an objective function value that is not worse than the critical limit. The optimization problem is solved by crow search algorithm (CSA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the results are compared. In mid-term planning, with respect to the deviation factors of 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25 and 0.3, optimal values of the uncertainty radius are 5.89%, 13.64%, 21.37%, 28.97%, 34.39% and 43.46%, respectively. In long-term planning, with respect to the deviation factors of 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25 and 0.3, optimal values of the uncertainty radius are 6.92%, 13.33%, 20.39%, 27.03%, 34% and 40.46%, respectively. Moreover, on average, CSA finds more promising results than PSO.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140688153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multienergy load forecasting model for integrated energy systems based on coupling auxiliary sequences and multitask learning","authors":"Honghan Zhao,&nbsp;Yuchen Wu","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13023","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13023","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Multienergy load forecasting (MELF) with high accuracy is crucial for the economic operation and optimal dispatch of the integrated energy system (IES). Within such systems, electrical, heat, and cold loads may exhibit complex and highly coupled relationships. The accuracy of MELF can be improved by exploiting the coupling of multienergy loads. To address this issue, the authors propose a novel framework named CAFormer (coupling auxiliary transformer) that leverages coupling auxiliary forecasting and multitask learning (MTL) to improve MELF in IES. CAFormer adopts an auxiliary forecasting coupling strategy. The aim is to construct coupling auxiliary sequences by projecting different sequences onto the same coupling space to capture the interdependencies between them. The model space structure is more complex when incorporating the coupling space. Furthermore, the authors’ framework deviates from the traditional approach of treating the prediction task of multiple sequences as multiple tasks by integrating the contrastive learning task and the prediction task into a single multitask paradigm. This avoids the issue of sequence entanglement that arises when different loads directly share information in the traditional multitask prediction of multiple energy loads. MTL based on coupling space similarity helps to learn the coupling relationships between sequences while maintaining the original sequence characteristics and refining the generation of coupling auxiliary sequences. The experimental results demonstrate that the authors’ proposed model can thoroughly explore the coupling relationships among energy systems and exhibit higher prediction accuracy and better prediction applicability than those of state-of-the-art models.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140686986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hybrid deep learning model for short-term load forecasting of distribution networks integrating the channel attention mechanism","authors":"Boyu Qin,&nbsp;Xin Gao,&nbsp;Tao Ding,&nbsp;Fan Li,&nbsp;Dong Liu,&nbsp;Zhe Zhang,&nbsp;Ruanming Huang","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13142","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13142","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Optimizing short-term load forecasting performance is a challenge due to the randomness of nonlinear power load and variability of system operation mode. The existing methods generally ignore how to reasonably and effectively combine the complementary advantages among them and fail to capture enough internal information from load data, resulting in accuracy reduction. To achieve accurate and efficient short-term load forecasting, an integral implementation framework is proposed based on convolutional neural network (CNN), gated recurrent unit (GRU) and channel attention mechanism. CNN and GRU are first combined to fully extract the highly complicated dynamic characteristics and learn time compliance relationships of load sequence. Based on CNN-GRU network, the channel attention mechanism is introduced to further reduce the loss of historical information and enhance the impact of important characteristics. Then, the overall framework of short-term load forecasting based on CNN-GRU-Attention network is proposed, and the coupling relationship between each stage is revealed. Finally, the developed framework is implemented on realistic load dataset of distribution networks, and the experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared with the state-of-the-art models, the CNN-GRU-Attention model outperforms in different evaluation metrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140694783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voltage sag source location based on power polarity and twin characteristics matching","authors":"Longyue Yang,&nbsp;Zhipeng Cai,&nbsp;Xuejing Xia,&nbsp;Xuanchen Ren,&nbsp;Ze Fan,&nbsp;Dexian Kong,&nbsp;Junyu Chen","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13162","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13162","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Precisely locating the voltage sag sources is significant for improving power quality and clarifying the responsibilities of both power supply and consumption. However, the existing location models are complex, computationally intensive, and influenced by the measurement error and fault type, which have low positioning efficiency and large errors. Therefore, this paper proposes a method for locating voltage sag sources based on power polarity and twin characteristics matching. The method firstly uses the polarity of the sequence sag component disturbance reactive power at the monitoring point to determine the sag line. Secondly, the basic realization method of the twin power system is discussed, and the twin characteristics are defined by combining the positive and negative sequence sag component disturbance reactive power and the twin database is established. Thirdly, the spectral norm and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient are used to define the data matching degree, and the precise location model of the sag source is established with the objective function of maximizing the data matching between the twin characteristics of the preset and actual sag. Finally, the Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm is used to solve the location model. The correctness and superiority of the proposed method is verified based on IEEE33 node modelling.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140700280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A state-space average model of a three-level PV inverter for transient short-circuit currents analysis","authors":"Shuai Yuan,&nbsp;Bing Wen,&nbsp;Jian-Ying Zhang,&nbsp;Zhimin Li","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13163","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13163","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents a state-space average model of a three-level photovoltaic (PV) inverter to understand short-circuit currents transient characteristics. Analytical solution of the model is also derived. The proposed model is validated with PV system controller hardware in-loop (HIL) test method. The errors between simulation and HIL tests results under various conditions are evaluated, testifying the validity of the proposed model. With the model and analytical solution, the decaying time constants of sub-transient and transient processes are derived, which shows that the time constants of a three-level PV inverter are not fixed and they vary with voltage dips. The analytical expression of short-circuit currents is also formulated. The findings from this study are essential to short-circuit current calculations of a power grid with large-scale PV plants, coordination of power system protections, and grid planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140707250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing transmission line parameter estimation with hybrid evolutionary techniques","authors":"Muhammad Suhail Shaikh,&nbsp;Saurav Raj,&nbsp;Shah Abdul Latif,&nbsp;Wulfran Fendzi Mbasso,&nbsp;Salah Kamel","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13157","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13157","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Power flow, planning, economics, dispatch, and stability analysis rely on accurate transmission line parameters (TLPE). Standard optimization methods are employed to develop such analyses and obtain TLPE. Additionally, these methods have limitations, including precision, accuracy, and time complexity. It is challenging to find improved solutions using standard optimization methods due to slow convergence and limitations in identifying local optima. Concerned with these challenges, the study suggest a new application for an effective hybrid optimization method capable of addressing such limitations. The hybrid algorithm, named the Salp Swarm Algorithm with Sine Cosine Algorithm (HSSASCA), that aims to tackle the issues of slow convergence and local optima. The Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA) is employed after the Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA), and Salp integration is utilized to successfully explore and analyze the search space. To enhance the performance of HSSASCA, the hybrid technique aims to provide expanded exploration capabilities, effective exploitation of the search space, and a better convergence rate. These key features position the HSSASCA algorithm as an effective solution to complex optimization problems. To assess the efficiency of the HSSASCA algorithm, six different test systems are employed. Initially, the evaluation of exploration, exploitation, and minimized local optima is conducted using the CEC 2019 benchmark functions. Secondly, efficiency monitoring and verification of HSSASCA across different scenarios occur by comparing it with established optimization algorithms such as SSA, SCA, firefly optimization algorithm (FFO), Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO), student psychology-based optimization (SPBO), and Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS). Finally, statistical analysis is performed, revealing that the HSSASCA outperforms SSA, SCA, FFO, GWO, SPBO, and SOS. In terms of statistical results and convergence curves, the HSSASCA demonstrates superior performance in searching efficiency, convergence accuracy, and local optimum avoidance ability.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13157","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140708115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of buffer volume on the effect of pressure relief for the metal-enclosed switchgear due to arc fault","authors":"Peng Li,&nbsp;Qihui Liu,&nbsp;Qianying Hong,&nbsp;Chang Liu,&nbsp;Yongcong Wu,&nbsp;Jiangjun Ruan","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13161","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13161","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The explosion accident due to the internal arc fault in the metal-enclosed switchgear cannot be ignored. Therefore, improving the ability of switchgear to resist the arc fault has important significance. In this paper, a passive protection measure by installing the buffer volume (BV) was proposed. The short-circuit arcing tests were carried out in the small-scale switchgear compartments, and the pressure rise was measured in the different models. The changes of pressure rise before and after installing BV were analyzed. Then, the calculation methods of pressure rise in the compartments and the mechanical response of the enclosure were put forward. By calculating the distributions of the pressure rise and temperature rise in the compartments, as well as the time-varying displacement and stress of the enclosure, the pressure relief effect of the BV has been discussed. Results show that after installing the BV, the pressure rise, displacement, and stress are all decreased obviously in the initial of arcing. Hence, the arc fault protection effect for the switchgear can be improved by properly installing the BV.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140719575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel meta-learning network for partial discharge source localization in gas-insulated switchgear via digital twin","authors":"Jing Yan,&nbsp;Yanxin Wang,&nbsp;Yang Zhou,&nbsp;Jianhua Wang,&nbsp;Yingsan Geng","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13156","DOIUrl":"10.1049/gtd2.13156","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Due to the requirement for highly precise synchronous sampling and the substantial reliance on time difference calculations, the current partial discharge (PD) localization based on the time difference of arrival is only applicable in certain situations. As digital twin technology has advanced, it is possible to employ virtual models to support gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) PD localization. To do this, we propose a meta-learning (ML) network with the aid of digital twin for actual GIS PD localization. Firstly, a GIS digital twin model was established to acquire an auxiliary simulated sample library. Then, a temporal convolutional network is established to extract the discriminable features, effectively obtain the time dependence between features, and improve the accuracy of localization. Next, ML is adopted to quickly learn meta-knowledge that can be applied across tasks, and the model's sensitivity to task changes is improved. Finally, the model is fine-tuned through a limited number of samples from the target task, and high precise PD localization is achieved. The experimental results demonstrate that the ML has an average localization error of only 9.25 cm and a probability density rose to 93% within 20 cm, which is clearly superior to previous methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high speed and sensitive protection for distribution network with DGs using ferrite rings as line boundary","authors":"Zhongxue Chang,&nbsp;Jifei Yan,&nbsp;Chenhao Zhang,&nbsp;Guobing Song","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13146","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There exist problems of hard coordination and threshold setting as well as low sensitivity in overcurrent relay due to the bidirectional and small fault current when distributed generators are integrated into the distribution network. This paper introduces ferrite rings (FRs) to act as boundaries of distribution feeders, and a peak time of voltage traveling wave-based protection is proposed. The characteristics of FRs are analyzed and their feasibility as line boundary is validated. The fault characteristics of internal and external faults are analyzed when FRs are installed at both ends of the protected feeder. The results show that the peak time of the voltage travelling wave of the internal fault is far smaller than that of the external faults. According to the difference, the fault detection method and the protection scheme are proposed. Simulations in PSCAD and experiment validate that the proposed protection principle can reliably distinguish between internal and external faults. Besides, the proposed protection scheme has higher sensitivity compared to ROCOV-based protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140619761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faulty line detection for cross-line same-phase successive ground faults in distribution network based on transient characteristics","authors":"Yizhao Wang,&nbsp;Chuan Feng,&nbsp;Jian Liu,&nbsp;Xuan Dong,&nbsp;Jiawei Yuan,&nbsp;Zaibin Jiao","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13147","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Currently, theoretical analysis of single-phase grounding (SPG) faults in low-current grounding systems has reached a high level of refinement, and the corresponding detection methods have matured. However, there is a significant lack of research on successive grounding (SG) faults, particularly in the area of detecting cross-line same-phase successive grounding (CSSG) faults in arc suppression coil grounding systems. To address these issues, a novel faulty line detection method based on transient characteristics of CSSG is proposed. Firstly, a transient equivalent circuit is established, and the characteristics of transient zero-sequence current (ZSC) are theoretically analysed. Secondly, variational mode decomposition (VMD) is employed to extract low and high-frequency information from intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Subsequently, a fault initiation criterion based on kurtosis theory and the Teager-Kaiser energy operator (TKEO) is proposed, which can accurately detect the occurrence time of secondary faults. Finally, a method for faulty line detection based on cross-correlation distance (CCD) and transient energy (TE) is proposed. The results of PSCAD simulation under different conditions and field test affirm the accuracy of the analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed method.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13147","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140619762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}