Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution最新文献

{"title":"Resilience assessment of power transmission system during wildfire disasters considering spread process","authors":"Shengwen Shu,&nbsp;Nan Xiao,&nbsp;Shiyun Cao,&nbsp;Jun Xu,&nbsp;Caoying Fang,&nbsp;Wenbing Xie","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13313","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Large-scale wildfires can significantly reduce the air gap insulation resistance of high-voltage transmission lines and cause chain tripping incidents. To assess the resilience of the power transmission system during wildfire, this paper proposes a resilience assessment framework for transmission system that considers the entire process of wildfire disaster. Firstly, a wildfire spread model, considering multiple influencing factors, is developed based on the cellular automaton. Based on the air gap breakdown mechanism during wildfires, the trip-out probability of transmission lines is calculated, and various failure scenarios are obtained by using the Monte Carlo sampling. Secondly, considering the geographical location of failures, maintenance personnel schedules and restoration time, a power transmission system restoration model is established. Thus, a resilience assessment method for power transmission system during wildfire disasters is proposed. Finally, IEEE RTS-79 transmission system is taken as an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed resilience assessment method. The results show that the proposed method can effectively calculate the wildfire spread tendency and transmission line's trip-out probability. Furthermore, three typical resilience improvement measures are quantitatively analysed, which provides a quantifiable reference for the power sector to formulate prevention and recovery strategies for extreme wildfire disasters.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 22","pages":"3696-3712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13313","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-stage stochastic energy and reserve market clearing model considering real-time offering strategy of renewable energy","authors":"Zhengting Jiang,&nbsp;Yunpeng Xiao,&nbsp;Taishan Xu,&nbsp;Qi Liu,&nbsp;Jianxue Wang","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13314","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the introduction of decarbonization policies worldwide, renewable energy, especially wind and solar power, is gradually taking a significant share in the power system. The two-stage stochastic optimization methods are generally adopted to address the uncertainty issues and the two-stage stochastic market clearing models are established with the participation of renewable energy. However, most existing two-stage stochastic market clearing models usually intuitively presume the offering quantities of renewable energy are equal to their forecast values, neglecting the potential impacts of the strategic offerings on the market results and thus affecting the secure operation of power systems. To fill the gaps, this paper incorporates the strategic offering models of renewable energy into the two-stage stochastic energy and reserve market clearing model. Within the two-stage framework, the first day-ahead stage serves for energy and reserve market clearing, while the second real-time stage considers the adjustments on offering quantities of renewable energy according to the fluctuations of renewable generations. The two-stage stochastic market clearing model is formulated as a mixed-integer non-linear programming problem, and an iterative algorithm is devised to obtain market clearing results after proper linearizations. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using the extended IEEE-118 test system.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 22","pages":"3713-3731"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13314","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A lightweight MMC topology with recombined half-bridge submodules for DC fault ride-through","authors":"Yutao Xu,&nbsp;Zhukui Tan,&nbsp;Jikai Li,&nbsp;Qihui Feng,&nbsp;Zhuang Wu","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13282","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The lightweight of modular multilevel converter (MMC) and the DC faults ride-through ability are main challenges for MMC-high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems. By introducing the concept of time-division multiplexing, an arm multiplexing MMC (AM-MMC) topology with high utilization of submodules is presented to reduce the weight and volume of MMC. In order to block the DC side fault current, this paper proposes a novel submodule in AM-MMC, instead of using full-bridge submodules. The proposed recombined half-bridge submodules of AM-MMC (RHAM-MMC) contains four half-bridge submodules and an IGBT with reverse parallel diodes. The topology and operating principle of RHAM-MMC are introduced in detail. The time-division multiplexing of middle arms between upper and lower arms is achieved by introducing arm selection switches. Thus, a new type of arm switch and switching method is designed based on the switch state. The DC faults ride-through strategy is carried out based on its DC fault characteristic analysis. In addition, the economy analysis is conducted on the switching loss and operating loss of RHAM-MMC. Compared with the fault ride-through capability of other sub-modules (SMs), RHAM-MMC performs better in terms of investment cost and device losses. The simulation results based on MATLAB/Simulink reveal that RHAM-MMC can achieve the DC side fault ride-through and show effectiveness of the DC fault ride-through control strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 22","pages":"3555-3566"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13282","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An adaptive distance protection scheme considering fault resistance, injected current, and structural changes in the power system","authors":"Majid Mohtashami,&nbsp;Abbas Saberi Noghabi","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13309","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Faults in power systems occur for various reasons, such as aging or natural disasters. Detecting, locating, and promptly clearing these faults is crucial for maintaining the safety and reliability of transmission lines (TLs). Distance relays (DRs), which protect TLs, detect faults, estimate their location, and send the required commands. However, these relays may experience mis-detection due to manipulated impedance arising from both internal and external factors. These factors include measurement device errors, network topology changes, the presence of fault resistance (FR), and injected currents from remote line terminals. To address this challenge, an innovative adaptive protection scheme that considers FR, changes in network topology, and injected current from the opposite end of the line is proposed. By estimating the equivalent circuit impedances (ECIs) of the network connected to the terminal of the TL, this protection scheme utilizes impedance estimation techniques at the line terminals and offline network information. Simulation studies (tested on the IEEE 39-bus standard network) show that the proposed scheme accurately estimates fault location (FL) and FR with high precision. The simulation results demonstrate its effectiveness in improving the performance of conventional distance protection relays in both the first and second protection zones (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>Z</mi>\u0000 <mi>o</mi>\u0000 <mi>n</mi>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>e</mi>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$Zon{e}_1$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>Z</mi>\u0000 <mi>o</mi>\u0000 <mi>n</mi>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>e</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$Zon{e}_2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>).</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 24","pages":"4328-4341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13309","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recursive dynamic state estimation for power systems with an incomplete nonlinear DAE model","authors":"Milos Katanic,&nbsp;John Lygeros,&nbsp;Gabriela Hug","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13308","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Power systems are highly complex, large-scale engineering systems subject to many uncertainties, which makes accurate mathematical modeling challenging. This article introduces a novel centralized dynamic state estimator designed specifically for power systems where some component models are missing. Including the available dynamic evolution equations, algebraic network equations, and phasor measurements, the least squares criterion is applied to estimate all dynamic and algebraic states recursively. The approach generalizes the iterated extended Kalman filter and does not require static network observability, relying on the network topology and parameters. Furthermore, a topological criterion is established for placing phasor measurement units (PMUs), termed topological estimability, which guarantees the uniqueness of the solution. A numerical study evaluates the performance under short circuits in the network and load changes and shows superior tracking performance compared to robust procedures from the literature with computational times in accordance with the typical PMU sampling rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 22","pages":"3657-3668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13308","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive robust self-scheduling for a wind-based GenCo equipped with power-to-gas system and gas turbine to participate in electricity and natural gas markets","authors":"Mojtaba Fereydani,&nbsp;Mohammad Amin Latify","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13311","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Integrating renewable energy, particularly wind generation, into power systems brings significant uncertainty and intermittency, challenging generation companies (GenCos) to maintain economic operations. This paper proposes a strategy for a wind-based GenCo equipped with a gas turbine and a power-to-gas (PtG) system to balance wind variability. The gas turbine offsets power shortfalls by consuming natural gas, while the PtG system absorbs excess wind energy, converting it to natural gas and injecting it into the natural gas network as a form of storage. The GenCo operates in day-ahead electricity and natural gas markets and the real-time electricity market, addressing uncertainties from wind output, energy prices, and natural gas access. A tri-level adaptive robust optimization model is introduced for the GenCo’s short-term operational scheduling. At the first level, decisions related to the GenCo's participation in the day-ahead electricity and natural gas markets are made. The second level deals with determining the worst-case realization of the uncertainties, constrained by the budget of uncertainty and the limited range of variations of uncertain variables. The third level sets the operational strategy on the actual day, considering power and gas balance, as well as constraints for the wind farm, gas turbine, and PtG unit. A column &amp; constraint generation (C&amp;CG) algorithm is used to solve the model. Numerical results demonstrate the model’s effectiveness in various case studies, showing that the GenCo can manage wind uncertainties, benefit from arbitrage opportunities in electricity and gas markets, and improve economic outcomes. This approach supports the broader integration of renewable energy into power systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 22","pages":"3669-3695"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13311","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internal faults in stator winding of synchronous generator: Modelling, detecting and protecting","authors":"Amir Hossein Rezaei,&nbsp;Milad Beikbabaei,&nbsp;Moein Abedini,&nbsp;Mahdi Davarpanah","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13302","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Protection of synchronous generators (SGs) against internal faults, such as stator earth fault (SEF) and turn-to-turn fault (TTF), is crucial for ensuring the stability and security of the power system. This paper presents a phase domain model for simulating SEF and TTF in SGs, requiring only nameplate data and avoiding the need for complex geometric data or lengthy simulations typical of FEM models. The stator winding is divided into three sections, allowing for the calculation of magnetic field distribution in both healthy and faulty conditions. The model is capable of simulating short-circuit turns at various locations within the stator winding with high accuracy and speed. The dynamic response of the generator is also incorporated into the model. The model's accuracy is validated through comparison with results from multiphysics simulation software. Furthermore, this study addresses the limitations of conventional protection methods in detecting TTF and proposes a novel, simple, fast, and accurate protection logic that can be implemented in digital protection relays and is effective across a wide range of TTF scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 22","pages":"3579-3591"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142724238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience-oriented load restoration method for power-gas-water systems considering public safety impact","authors":"Haiyang Wan,&nbsp;Wenxia Liu,&nbsp;Shuai Zhang,&nbsp;Qingxin Shi,&nbsp;Rui Cheng,&nbsp;Wei Feng","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13281","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Focusing solely on enhancing the resilience of power systems at a systemic level would lead to a significant underestimation of the actual impact of extreme disasters. Equally vital is the assurance of livelihood security amidst such extreme conditions, which is crucial for the development of a truly resilient power system. Hence, this paper attempts to incorporate quantifiable metrics assessing public safety impacts into resilience enhancement works, thereby guiding the precise allocation of funds. Considering that the residents' intuitive feelings are the most direct reflection of the severity of the disaster, this paper employs the modified prospect theory to formulate functions representing residents' psychological risk perception and risk-taking willingness to tolerate risks during disruptions in power, gas, and water supplies. Meanwhile, in order to accurately calculate the energy loss duration for each residential customer, a resilience enhancement method for post-disaster collaborative dispatch of electricity-gas-water systems is proposed. With the objective of minimizing the public safety and economic impact of disasters, the optimal multi-source collaborative emergency restoration strategy is developed. The significant necessity and efficiency of the proposed strategy are verified with exhaustive case studies. Numerical results evince the resilience enhancement by considering the livelihood security in the post-disaster restoration stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 21","pages":"3350-3364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142679923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on transient electric shock characteristics between human body and metal clothes hanger on residential platform near UHV AC transmission lines","authors":"Wangling He,&nbsp;Ke Zhang,&nbsp;Baoquan Wan,&nbsp;Jun Zhao,&nbsp;Yinlu Zhang,&nbsp;Yunpeng Liu,&nbsp;Dasen Zhou,&nbsp;Tianyu Zhang","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13307","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the development of ultra-high-voltage (UHV) and extra-high-voltage transmission lines in China, the transmission lines are gradually approaching the residential areas. The phenomenon of induced electric shock caused by electrostatic induction effect can cause dissatisfaction and complaints from nearby residents. In this paper, a full-size steel-framed residential test platform was constructed near a 1000-kV UHV alternating current (AC) transmission line, the transient shock characteristics of human bodies and metal hangers in different scenarios was investigated, then the relationship between transient shock energy and subjective perception of the human body was discussed. In addition, the shielding effect of shielding wires for transient electric shock situations is analyzed. It was found that the worst-case scenario occurred when the grounded human body came into contact with the insulated metal clothes hanger, even eliciting a noticeable sensation of pain. In addition, increasing metal shielding wire number has a significant effect on weakening induced electric shocks.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 22","pages":"3646-3656"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13307","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced composite controller for PV/PMSG/PEMFC and BESS-based DC microgrids voltage regulation: Integrating integral terminal sliding mode controller and recursive backstepping controller","authors":"Md. Saiful Islam,&nbsp;Israt Jahan Bushra,&nbsp;Tushar Kanti Roy,&nbsp;Subarto Kumar Ghosh,&nbsp;Amanullah Maung Than Oo","doi":"10.1049/gtd2.13305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/gtd2.13305","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The variability of renewable energy sources due to weather patterns often leads to a mismatch between power generation and consumption within microgrids (MGs). This challenge is exacerbated when integrating bio-renewable units, complicating stability maintenance in MGs. This research work introduces a novel solution to address this issue: a composite controller merging an integral terminal sliding mode controller with a recursive backstepping controller for direct current MGs (DCMGs). The proposed DCMG incorporates solar photovoltaic units, wind farms based on permanent magnet synchronous generators, proton exchange membrane fuel cells fuelled by hydrogen gas, an electrolyser, battery energy storage systems, and DC loads. First, a comprehensive mathematical model for the components within the DCMG is developed to design the proposed composite controller. This controller not only overcomes the inherent limitations and convergence issues of conventional SMCs but also ensures stable DC-bus voltage and maintains power balance across various operational conditions. Moreover, a fuzzy logic-based energy management system is introduced to regulate power flow, considering factors like battery state of charge and renewable energy sources' total power output. The control Lyapunov function confirms the DCMG system's asymptotic stability. Finally, the proposed controller's effectiveness is validated through simulations on both MATLAB/Simulink and Arduino Mega 2650 processor-in-the-loop platforms under various operational conditions. In both platforms, the proposed controller surpasses an existing controller in terms of settling time, overshoot, and tracking error of the DC-bus voltage.</p>","PeriodicalId":13261,"journal":{"name":"Iet Generation Transmission & Distribution","volume":"18 22","pages":"3608-3632"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/gtd2.13305","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}