{"title":"Exercise modulation in inflammation and metabolic hormonal disorders of COVID-19 to decrease risk factors in coronary heart disease.","authors":"Sahar Avazpour, Amin Amini, Hossein Shirvani, Ehsan Arabzadeh","doi":"10.1515/hmbci-2022-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2022-0040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sedentary life style separated during COVID-19 pandemic. Patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are vulnerable with sedentary life style. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of combined and high intensity interval training (HIIT) on C Reactive protein, galectin-3, leptin, fibrinogen and insulin resistance index in coronary heart disease after COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-six cardiovascular patients (55.14 ± 1.4 years, 78.6 ± 5.1 kg) were divided into three groups of combined exercise (n=13), HIIT (n=12) and control group (n=11). Combined exercise consisted of aerobic (4 weeks) and aerobic + HIIT exercise (4 weeks), three sessions per weeks. The protocol of the HIIT group included performing high intensity interval training, three sessions per weeks for 8 weeks. Blood samples were taken 24 h before the first training session and 48 h after the last training. C Reactive protein (CRP), galectin-3, leptin, fibrinogen measured with ELISA kit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CRP, galectin-3 and fibrinogen decreased significantly after 8 weeks of combined training and HIIT (compare to pre-test). Also, insulin resistance index after 8 weeks of combined exercise showed a significant decrease compare to pre-test (p<0.05). After 8 weeks, CRP, galectin-3 and insulin resistance significantly decreased compare to control group (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the patient with CVD, combined exercise training may be more effective than HIIT in reducing metabolic and heart risk factors after an epidemic such as COVID-19. However, change of leptin need to more studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13224,"journal":{"name":"Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation","volume":"44 2","pages":"199-206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9732442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Behnaz Abedi, Hossein Tayefi-Nasrabadi, Davoud Kianifard, Mehdi Basaki, Amir Ali Shahbazfar, Aiyoub Piri, Mahdi Dolatyarieslami
{"title":"The effect of co-administration of artemisinin and N-acetyl cysteine on antioxidant status, spermatological parameters and histopathology of testis in adult male mice.","authors":"Behnaz Abedi, Hossein Tayefi-Nasrabadi, Davoud Kianifard, Mehdi Basaki, Amir Ali Shahbazfar, Aiyoub Piri, Mahdi Dolatyarieslami","doi":"10.1515/hmbci-2022-0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2022-0050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This <i>in vivo</i> study aimed to evaluate the effect of various concentrations of artemisinin (Art) alone or together with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) on spermatological indices, antioxidant status, and histopathological parameters of testicular tissue in adult male mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six groups of five healthy male mice (25-30 g) were randomly assigned to different experimental groups. These groups received DMSO and corn oil (0.1%) as an Art solvent (Control), 50 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> Art (Art-50), 250 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> Art (Art-250), 50 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> Art + 150 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> NAC (Art-50+NAC-150), 250 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> Art + 150 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> NAC (Art-250+NAC-150) and 150 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> NAC (NAC-150) for a period of 7 days. Testes and epididymis were prepared to evaluate the malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), spermatological indices, and histological parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We showed that the high dose of Art (Art-250) significantly reduced the sperm count, motility, viability, and the activity of CAT and increased the levels of MDA compared to the control group. Also, the overdose of Art caused adverse changes in testicular tissue. Co-administration of NAC with Art (Art-250+NAC-150) corrected the adverse effects of Art.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current study reports that a high dose of Art affects, spermatological parameters, antioxidant/stress oxidative status of the male reproductive system, and NAC is capable neutralize all adverse effects caused by Art.</p>","PeriodicalId":13224,"journal":{"name":"Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation","volume":"44 2","pages":"207-214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9735610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sadegh Shabab, Maryam Mahmoudabady, Mahmoud Hosseini, Zahra Gholamnezhad, Mahtab Fouladi, Ali Akbar Asghari
{"title":"The effects of endurance exercise and metformin on memory impairment caused by diabetes.","authors":"Sadegh Shabab, Maryam Mahmoudabady, Mahmoud Hosseini, Zahra Gholamnezhad, Mahtab Fouladi, Ali Akbar Asghari","doi":"10.1515/hmbci-2022-0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2022-0061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Diabetes has a negative effect on learning and memory performance, and it is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and dementia development. The present study aims to investigate the effects of two kinds of endurance exercise including high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) as well as metformin on impaired memory and learning related to streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty adult male rats (250 ± 20 g weight) were divided into five groups (n=8), including control, diabetic, as well as diabetic rats treated with metformin (300 mg/kg), and HIIT (20 m/min), and MICT (15 m/min) exercises. Diabetes was induced by STZ (60 mg/kg, i.p.). Serum glucose concentration and oxidative stress markers (SOD, CAT, thiol, and MDA) in the cortex and hippocampus were determined by colorimetric assay. Behavioral tests were performed with a passive avoidance test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The diabetic groups treated with metformin and both HIIT, and MICT exercises improved the latency and the staying time in the darkroom and lightroom. The entrance frequency into the darkroom also was restored (p<0.01-p<0.001). In both HIIT and MICT exercises as well as metformin groups the oxidative stress induced by diabetes has been reversed and attenuation of the serum glucose level has been observed compared to non-treated diabetic ones (p<0.05-p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of the present study revealed both HIIT and MICT exercises had protective effects against oxidative stress and behavioral impairments induced by diabetes and these effects were comparable to the effects of metformin.</p>","PeriodicalId":13224,"journal":{"name":"Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation","volume":"44 2","pages":"187-197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9735612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaser Khajebishak, Amir Hossein Faghfouri, Ali Soleimani, Sadra Madani, Laleh Payahoo
{"title":"Exploration of meteorin-like peptide (metrnl) predictors in type 2 diabetic patients: the potential role of irisin, and other biochemical parameters.","authors":"Yaser Khajebishak, Amir Hossein Faghfouri, Ali Soleimani, Sadra Madani, Laleh Payahoo","doi":"10.1515/hmbci-2022-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2022-0037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Meteorin-like peptide (Metrnl), the newly discovered adipokines involves in glucose and lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential predictors of Metrnl by emphasizing the Irisin, glycemic indices, and lipid profile biomarkers in type 2 diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was carried out on 32 obese types 2 diabetic patients, 31 healthy obese, and 30 healthy normal weight people between August 2020 and March 2021. Serum Metrnl and Irisin, fasting blood glucose (FBS), fasting insulin (FI), fasting insulin (FI), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), HbA<sub>1c</sub> and eAG levels were measured in a standard manner. To assay insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity, the homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and quantitative check index (QUICKI) model were used. Quantile regression analysis with the backward elimination method was used to explore predictors. The significant level was defined as p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between variables entered into the model, only the group item showed to be the main predictor of Metrnl in type 2 diabetic patients. Besides, the serum level of Irisin was lower in diabetic patients, and a significant difference was detected between obese diabetic patients and the normal weight group (p=0.024).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given the multi-causality of diabetes and also the possible therapeutic role of Metrnl in the management of type 2 diabetic patients' abnormalities, designing future studies are needed to discover other predictors of Metrnl and the related mechanisms of Metrnl in the management of diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13224,"journal":{"name":"Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation","volume":"44 2","pages":"127-135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9787315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Risk factors and inflammatory markers in acute coronary syndrome-ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).","authors":"Thirumurthi Karthikeyan, Mani Raja, Devarajan Radha, Archana Gaur T, Jeganathan Geetha, Varatharajan Sakthivadivel","doi":"10.1515/hmbci-2021-0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2021-0106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The increasing prevalence of coronary artery disease [CAD] poses worrying statistics. Atherosclerosis of coronary vessels is the main culprit for the spectrum of CAD especially acute coronary syndrome. Atherosclerosis is regarded as a consequence of inflammatory changes in the coronaries. Our study aimed to assess the role of risk factors and inflammatory markers with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI].</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>100 patients with ST-elevation Myocardial infarction [STEMI] and 100 age and sex matched controls were included in the study. A history of risk factors like smoking, hypertension, diabetes and hypertension was noted. A venous blood sample was obtained for analysis of inflammatory markers. The data thus obtained was statistically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cases had a significant number of risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, previous history of CAD, increased body mass index [BMI], and raised high sensitive C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]. Patients with anterior myocardial infarction were older and had hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Patients with inferior myocardial infarction had high BMI, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR] and alcoholism. Smokers, patients with diabetes mellitus, high total cholesterol, Low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol, and hs-CRP were more prone to complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with a greater number of risk factors and raised inflammatory markers were at high risk of STEMI and its complications. An approach to control the modifiable risk factors like obesity and lifestyle changes can reduce the disease burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":13224,"journal":{"name":"Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation","volume":"44 2","pages":"115-120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9723856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saman Abdullah, Thomas Bouchard, René Leiva, Hans Boehringer, Jean Iwaz, René Ecochard
{"title":"Distinct urinary progesterone metabolite profiles during the luteal phase.","authors":"Saman Abdullah, Thomas Bouchard, René Leiva, Hans Boehringer, Jean Iwaz, René Ecochard","doi":"10.1515/hmbci-2022-0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2022-0065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>During normal menstrual cycles, serum levels of progesterone vary widely between cycles of same woman and between women. This study investigated the profiles of pregnanediol during the luteal phase.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data stemmed from a previous multicenter prospective observational study and concerned 107 women (who contributed 326 menstrual cycles). The study analyzed changes in observed cervical mucus discharge, various hormones in first morning urine, and serum progesterone. Transvaginal ultrasonography and cervical mucus helped identifying the day of ovulation. Changes in pregnanediol glucuronide levels during the luteal phase were examined and classified according to the length of that phase, a location parameter, and a scale parameter. Associations between nine pregnanediol glucuronide profiles and other hormone profiles were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Low periovulatory pregnanediol glucuronide levels and low periovulatory luteinizing hormone levels were associated with delayed increases in pregnanediol glucuronide after ovulation. That 'delayed increase profile' was more frequently associated with cycles with prolonged high LH levels than in cycles with rapid pregnanediol glucuronide increases. A 'plateau-like profile' during the luteal phase was associated with longer cycles, cycles with higher estrone-3-glucuronide and pregnanediol glucuronide during the preovulatory phase, and cycles with higher periovulatory pregnanediol glucuronide levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Distinct profiles of urinary progesterone levels are displayed during the luteal phase. These profiles relate to early hormone changes during the menstrual cycle. In everyday clinical practice, these findings provide further evidence for recommending progesterone test seven days after the mucus peak day. The search for other correlations and associations is underway.</p>","PeriodicalId":13224,"journal":{"name":"Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation","volume":"44 2","pages":"137-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9723303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nikolaos Machairiotis, Rita Variawa, Christos Arnaoutoglou, Paul Zarogoulidis, Stewart Disu
{"title":"Unilateral ovarian agenesis with ipsilateral tubal presence - report of a case.","authors":"Nikolaos Machairiotis, Rita Variawa, Christos Arnaoutoglou, Paul Zarogoulidis, Stewart Disu","doi":"10.1515/hmbci-2022-0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2022-0068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Isolated ovarian agenesis in the absence of Mullerian duct anomalies are rare events which are usually discovered after menarche and incidentally in the context of an intervention for other indications, such as laparoscopy or assisted reproduction techniques.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We hereby present a case of unilateral ovarian agenesis in the presence of the ipsilateral fallopian tube.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Older studies had reported an incidence of true congenital unilateral ovarian agenesis to be 1 in 11,241 females Sivanesaratnam V. Unexplained unilateral absence of ovary and fallopian tube. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1986;22:103-5, but this is likely an understatement given the increase of relevant literature in recent years and the frequency of laparoscopy nowadays.</p>","PeriodicalId":13224,"journal":{"name":"Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation","volume":"44 2","pages":"215-217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10091823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory proteins with atherosclerosis index in obese male subjects.","authors":"Farhad Alizadeh, Fariba Mirzaie Bavil, Rana Keyhanmanesh, Hajie Lotfi, Fariba Ghiasi","doi":"10.1515/hmbci-2022-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2022-0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Investigation the association of pro-inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-1β and IL- 10 expression, serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), High-density lipoprotein (HDL), Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), and ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily A Member 1 (ABCA1) inflammatory proteins with atherosclerosis index (homocysteine) in normal-weight and obese male subjects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>59 males including 30 obese (Body mass index (BMI) of ≥30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) and 29 normal-weight (BMI of 18.5-24.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) were joined to this study. Plasma levels of IL-1β and IL-10 (pg/mL), CRP (pg/mL), COX-2 (ng/mL), APOA1 (mg/dL), ABCA1 (ng/mL), HDL, Cholesterol, and Triglyceride (TG) (mg/dL), and homocysteine (µmol/L) was measured. Association of these biomarkers with homocysteine was determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Obese subjects had higher serum levels of IL10, IL1β, CRP, COX-2, TG, and cholesterol concentrations (all p<0.05 except IL-10 and cholesterol) and low levels of HDL, APOA1, and ABCA1 (non-significant differences) in comparison to normal-weight group. Homocysteine levels were high in obese men with no significant differences between the two groups. In obese subjects, homocysteine had a significant inverse correlation with APOA1, ABCA1, and HDL, and a strong and moderate positive correlation was found with CRP and TG levels, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>High level of homocysteine and its correlation with inflammation proteins and markers in obese subjects appear to be contributed with atherosclerosis development.</p>","PeriodicalId":13224,"journal":{"name":"Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation","volume":"44 2","pages":"121-126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10108767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabiane Ferreira Martins, Vanessa Souza-Mello, Marcia Barbosa Aguila, Carlos Alberto Mandarim-de-Lacerda
{"title":"Brown adipose tissue as an endocrine organ: updates on the emerging role of batokines.","authors":"Fabiane Ferreira Martins, Vanessa Souza-Mello, Marcia Barbosa Aguila, Carlos Alberto Mandarim-de-Lacerda","doi":"10.1515/hmbci-2022-0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2022-0044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brown adipose tissue (BAT) remains active in adults, oxidizing fatty acids or glucose and releasing energy in the form of heat. Brown adipocytes and enhanced thermogenesis are targets for treating obesity and its comorbidities. BAT shows high synthesis activity and secretes several signaling molecules. The brown adipokines, or batokines, take action in an autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine manner. Batokines have a role in the homeostasis of the cardiovascular system, central nervous system, white adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle and exert beneficial effects on BAT. The systemic function of batokines gives BAT an endocrine organ profile. Besides, the batokines Fibroblast Growth Factor-21, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 8, Neuregulin 4, Myostatin, and Interleukin-6 emerge as targets to treat obesity and its comorbidities, deserving attention. This review outlines the role of six emerging batokines on BAT and their cross-talk with other organs, focusing on their physiological significance and diet-induced changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13224,"journal":{"name":"Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation","volume":"44 2","pages":"219-227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9729692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}