IEEE Photonics Journal最新文献_第4页

Design of 16 × 16 Low-Timing-Jitter InGaAs/InP Single-Photon Avalanche Photodiode Array for LiDAR 激光雷达用16 × 16低时序抖动InGaAs/InP单光子雪崩光电二极管阵列设计

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-22 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3686402

Yu Chang;Kai Qiao;Zefang Xu;Liyu Liu;Linmeng Xu;Ming Li;Fei Yin;Xing Wang

{"title":"Design of 16 × 16 Low-Timing-Jitter InGaAs/InP Single-Photon Avalanche Photodiode Array for LiDAR","authors":"Yu Chang;Kai Qiao;Zefang Xu;Liyu Liu;Linmeng Xu;Ming Li;Fei Yin;Xing Wang","doi":"10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3686402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3686402","url":null,"abstract":"The precise calibration of timing jitter in single-photon chips and LiDAR devices is critical for the development of high-precision LiDAR systems. This paper presents the design and fabrication of a double-diffused InGaAs/InP SAGCM single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) with a timing jitter as low as 116 ps. Furthermore, a 16 × 16 InGaAs/InP array SPAD dToF readout circuit is implemented using a readout integrated circuit (ROIC) to interface the SPAD chip with an FPGA board. The array exhibits uniform distributions of photon detection efficiency (PDE) and dark count rate (DCR). However, the timing jitter of the array degrades significantly due to the timing resolution limitations of the time-to-digital converter (TDC) in the ROIC. To address this challenge, a novel timing jitter test method is proposed, which leads to substantial improvements. The array SPAD achieves a reduced timing jitter of 430 ps, a five-fold enhancement over results obtained with conventional methods. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for developing low-jitter InGaAs/InP SPAD arrays.","PeriodicalId":13204,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11491884","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148510838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Feedforward Neural Networks Model for SPAD Parameter Analysis With Experimental Validation SPAD参数分析的前馈神经网络模型及实验验证

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3694506

Haoxiang Li;Zhixiang Cao;Zixuan Wang;Wei Liu;Yuxuan Yang;Xiangliang Jin

{"title":"Feedforward Neural Networks Model for SPAD Parameter Analysis With Experimental Validation","authors":"Haoxiang Li;Zhixiang Cao;Zixuan Wang;Wei Liu;Yuxuan Yang;Xiangliang Jin","doi":"10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3694506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3694506","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of single photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) is highly dependent on their structure and dimensions. However, performance predicting through technology computer aided design (TCAD) simulation is often computationally expensive and time-consuming. This paper proposes a SPAD performance prediction method that integrates feedforward neural network (FFNN) with TCAD simulation. This method utilizes TCAD simulation results as the dataset for the FFNN model, enabling accurate prediction of three critical performance parameters: breakdown voltage (BV), dark count rate (DCR), and photon detection probability (PDP). To ensure model reliability, the TCAD parameters were first calibrated against experimental data obtained from SPAD fabricated in a standard 0.18 μm CMOS process. Results show excellent agreement between the FFNN model predictions and the TCAD simulations, with coefficients of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) of 0.996, 0.994, and 0.999. Furthermore, compared to traditional simulation methods, the FFNN model achieves simulation speed improvements of approximately three orders of magnitude. These results demonstrate the FFNN model's advantages of rapid and high-precision performance in SPAD design, providing a powerful tool for achieving fast iterative design of high-performance SPAD.","PeriodicalId":13204,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"6801807-6801807"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11523472","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148511244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Noise Characterization of All-Silicon Avalanche Photodetectors Operating at 1550 nm 工作在1550nm的全硅雪崩光电探测器的噪声特性

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-13 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3693167

Yanran Xie;Ranjan Das;Andrew P. Knights

引用次数: 0

2025 Reviewers List 2025审稿人名单

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-08 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3696469

引用次数: 0

GHz-Rate, Watt-Level Femtosecond All-Fiber MOPA System Based on Optoacoustically Mode-locked Soliton Fiber Laser With Apodization Filtering 基于光声锁模孤子光纤激光器的千兆赫瓦特级飞秒全光纤MOPA系统

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-06 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3681293

Jiachen Wu;Kaijun Wu;Benhai Wang;Shunxian Luo;Ruchen Lv;Yu Jiang;Qi Huang;Xintong Zhang;Xiaocong Wang;Wenbin He;Meng Pang

引用次数: 0

Flexible Fiber-Optic Tactile Sensor Based on Vernier Effect and Machine Learning for Simultaneous Force and Position Detection 基于游标效应和机器学习的柔性光纤触觉传感器同时检测力和位置

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-08 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3682303

Yujia Wang;Boxue Sun;Haiqing Li;Xiaonan Bian;Xianping Fu

{"title":"Flexible Fiber-Optic Tactile Sensor Based on Vernier Effect and Machine Learning for Simultaneous Force and Position Detection","authors":"Yujia Wang;Boxue Sun;Haiqing Li;Xiaonan Bian;Xianping Fu","doi":"10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3682303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3682303","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the optical Vernier effect has proven to be an effective tool for enhancing the sensitivity of optical fiber sensors. However, existing demodulation systems require relatively complex signal processing steps and are prone to errors. This study proposes a tactile sensor fabricated using a single-mode fiber–hollow-core fiber–single-mode fiber (SMF–HCF–SMF) structure embedded in flexible elastomer adhesive. Through comparative experiments, we analyzed envelope tracking methods and machine learning (ML)–based approaches. The results show that ML methods more effectively meet the requirements for position recognition and contact force prediction in Vernier-effect–based optical fiber tactile sensors. Compared to envelope tracking, ML offers higher accuracy and robustness by capturing subtle spectral variations while eliminating the need for complex demodulation procedures. Experimentally, the sensor achieved a spatial positioning accuracy of 99.5% across 16 defined locations. For contact force detection, accuracies of 100%, 94.4%, and 83.3% were obtained at a resolution of 0.01 N in the central (0–0.5 N), edge (0–2.5 N), and corner (0–4 N) regions, respectively. In composite detection tests, the system simultaneously achieved 99.95% position recognition accuracy and 98.70% force detection accuracy. This work provides a novel approach for developing high-sensitivity optical fiber sensing systems based on the Vernier effect.","PeriodicalId":13204,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11477954","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148511031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DDPG-Based Beamforming Optimization for Optical Phased Arrays 基于ddpg的光相控阵波束形成优化

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-15 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3693835

Dongyang Jiang;Jia Ye;Jiongbin Deng;Xiao Yu;Ningyuan Zhong;Yue Zhu;Lianshan Yan

引用次数: 0

Generation of Flat, Tunable Microwave Frequency Combs Using Double-Locked Semiconductor Lasers 利用双锁半导体激光器产生平坦可调谐微波频率梳

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-14 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3683679

Mohammad AlMulla

{"title":"Generation of Flat, Tunable Microwave Frequency Combs Using Double-Locked Semiconductor Lasers","authors":"Mohammad AlMulla","doi":"10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3683679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3683679","url":null,"abstract":"This study experimentally demonstrates microwave frequency comb (MFC) generation in a semiconductor laser subjected to double locking via optical injection and intensity modulation. The interaction and subsequent locking between the master-laser modulation frequency and the P1 microwave oscillations induced by optical injection in the slave laser enable the generation of widely tunable MFCs. Operating the optically injected laser near the Hopf bifurcation boundary, through appropriate adjustment of the injection strength and detuning frequency, ensures that applying intensity modulation yields the same P1 oscillation dynamics as under continuous (unmodulated) injection, since the regeneratively amplified frequency component dominates the optical spectrum in this operating regime. In this regime, using strong intensity modulation and selecting the modulation frequency to be an integer fraction of the P1 oscillation frequency enables the realization of microwave frequency combs with continuous line spacings between 2 and 10 GHz. Spectral characterization of the highest-frequency components reveals microwave linewidths below 1 Hz (limited by instrument resolution) and SSB phase noise around –100 dBc/Hz at a 10 kHz offset.","PeriodicalId":13204,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11480993","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148512647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-Port Photonic Topology Insulator Waveguide Based on Square Lattices 基于方阵的多端口光子拓扑绝缘子波导

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3694382

Weihan Sun;Jinxuan Deng;Lili Dai;Yushi Wang;Weiwen Li

引用次数: 0

Extended C+L Band 103.5-Tb/s WDM Transmission Over 1260-km With Hybrid Raman/EDFAs 扩展C+L波段103.5 tb /s WDM传输超过1260公里与混合拉曼/ edfa

IF 2.6 4区工程技术

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-23 DOI: 10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3686691

Zeyu Feng;Zhongxing Tian;Ziang Chen;Qingyu He;Wanzhen Guo;Wenyan Lyu;Shukang Li;Dongdong Zou;Huan Huang;Lin Sun;Yancai Luan;Liang Mei;Ming Luo;Jian Zhao;Gordon Ning Liu;Gangxiang Shen;Yi Cai

{"title":"Extended C+L Band 103.5-Tb/s WDM Transmission Over 1260-km With Hybrid Raman/EDFAs","authors":"Zeyu Feng;Zhongxing Tian;Ziang Chen;Qingyu He;Wanzhen Guo;Wenyan Lyu;Shukang Li;Dongdong Zou;Huan Huang;Lin Sun;Yancai Luan;Liang Mei;Ming Luo;Jian Zhao;Gordon Ning Liu;Gangxiang Shen;Yi Cai","doi":"10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3686691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2026.3686691","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-band dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) has emerged as a leading strategy for scaling per-fiber capacity in modern optical transport systems. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate extended C+L-band transmission over ultra-low-loss G.654.E fiber, enabled by a hybrid Raman–EDFA line system implemented with in-house line cards that provide a continuous 103-nm gain window from 1524 to 1627 nm. On a 50-GHz channel grid, we transmit a 12-THz payload comprising 240 × 48-GBaud probabilistic constellation shaping 64-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (PCS-64QAM) channels over 1260.65 km in a recirculating fiber loop. Band-wise spectral equalization is realized by wavelength-selective switches in combination with per-channel entropy tuning. At the receiver, adaptive dispersion compensation is employed to dynamically track variations in the chromatic-dispersion coefficient induced by wavelength switching, while a 4 × 4 real-valued multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) least mean square (LMS) equalizer is used to mitigate I/Q-related impairments. Experimental results show that, along the entire transmission link, the combination of spectral flattening and per-wavelength entropy assignment yields nearly uniform per-channel <italic>Q</i>-factors across the full bandwidth. Under the baseline receiver DSP chain, we achieve an aggregate gross line rate of 120.192 Tb/s and a net WDM throughput of 102.47 Tb/s. With additional offline digital backpropagation (DBP) applied to the received data, the aggregate net throughput further increases to 103.5 Tb/s.","PeriodicalId":13204,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Photonics Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"7201108-7201108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11493669","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148514377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0