Hippocampus最新文献_第2页

From Inhibition to Exciting Science 从抑制到激动人心的科学。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Hippocampus Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23659

György Buzsáki

引用次数: 0

Hippocampal Discoveries: Spatial View Cells, Connectivity, and Computations for Memory and Navigation, in Primates Including Humans 海马体的发现：包括人类在内的灵长类动物的记忆和导航的空间视图细胞、连通性和计算。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Hippocampus Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23666

Edmund T. Rolls

{"title":"Hippocampal Discoveries: Spatial View Cells, Connectivity, and Computations for Memory and Navigation, in Primates Including Humans","authors":"Edmund T. Rolls","doi":"10.1002/hipo.23666","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hipo.23666","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two key series of discoveries about the hippocampus are described. One is the discovery of hippocampal spatial view cells in primates. This discovery opens the way to a much better understanding of human episodic memory, for episodic memory prototypically involves a memory of where people or objects or rewards have been seen in locations “out there” which could never be implemented by the place cells that encode the location of a rat or mouse. Further, spatial view cells are valuable for navigation using vision and viewed landmarks, and provide for much richer, vision-based, navigation than the place to place self-motion update performed by rats and mice who live in dark underground tunnels. Spatial view cells thus offer a revolution in our understanding of the functions of the hippocampus in memory and navigation in humans and other primates with well-developed foveate vision. The second discovery describes a computational theory of the hippocampal-neocortical memory system that includes the only quantitative theory of how information is recalled from the hippocampus to the neocortex. It is shown how foundations for this research were the discovery of reward neurons for food reward, and non-reward, in the primate orbitofrontal cortex, and representations of value including of monetary value in the human orbitofrontal cortex; and the discovery of face identity and face expression cells in the primate inferior temporal visual cortex and how they represent transform-invariant information. This research illustrates how in order to understand a brain computation, a whole series of integrated interdisciplinary discoveries is needed to build a theory of the operation of each neural system.</p>","PeriodicalId":13171,"journal":{"name":"Hippocampus","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hipo.23666","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mental Time Travel: A Retrospective 心理时空旅行：回顾。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Hippocampus Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23661

A. David Redish

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Neuronal ‘Ensemble’ Recording and the Search for the Cell Assembly: A Personal History 神经元“集合”记录和搜索细胞组装：个人历史。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Hippocampus Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23669

Bruce L. McNaughton

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Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials Participate in Intracellular and Extracellular Theta Rhythms in the Hippocampus: A Personal Narrative 抑制性突触后电位参与海马的细胞内和细胞外 Theta 节律：个人叙事。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Hippocampus Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23660

L. Stan Leung, Chi Yiu Conrad Yim

{"title":"Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials Participate in Intracellular and Extracellular Theta Rhythms in the Hippocampus: A Personal Narrative","authors":"L. Stan Leung, Chi Yiu Conrad Yim","doi":"10.1002/hipo.23660","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hipo.23660","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The hypothesis that the hippocampal theta rhythm consists of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) was critical for understanding the theta rhythm. The dominant views in the early 1980s were that intracellularly recorded theta consisted of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) with little participation by IPSPs, and that IPSPs generated a closed monopolar field in the hippocampus. I (Leung) conceived of a new model for generation of the hippocampal theta rhythm, with theta-rhythmic IPSPs as an essential component, and thus sought to reinvestigate the relation between theta and IPSPs quantitatively with intracellular and extracellular recordings. The intracellular recordings were performed by Leung and Yim in the laboratory of Kris Krnjević at McGill University. Using protocols of passing steady-state holding currents and injection of chloride ions, the intracellular theta and IPSP in a CA1 neuron typically showed the same reversal potential and correlated change in amplitude. Low-intensity stimulation of the alveus evoked an antidromic action potential in CA1 neurons, identifying them as pyramidal cells with output axons in the alveus, which then activated a feedback IPSP with almost no excitatory component. Theta-rhythmic somatic inhibition, together with phase-shifted theta-rhythmic distal apical dendritic excitation were proposed as the two dipoles that generate a gradual extracellular theta phase shift in the CA1 apical dendritic layer. The distal apical excitation driven by the entorhinal cortex was proposed to be atropine-resistant and dominated during walking in rats. Other than serving a conventional role in limiting excitation, rhythmic proximal inhibition and distal dendritic excitation provide varying phasic modulation along the soma-dendritic axis of pyramidal cells, resulting in theta phase-dependent synaptic plasticity and gamma oscillations, which are likely involved in cognitive processing.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13171,"journal":{"name":"Hippocampus","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pursuing Synaptic Plasticity From Cortex to LTP in the Hippocampus 在海马中追求从皮层到 LTP 的突触可塑性

IF 2.4 3区医学

Hippocampus Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23665

Tim Bliss

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From British Associationism to the Hippocampal Cognitive Map: A Personal View From a Ringside Seat at the Cognitive/PDP Revolution 从英国联想主义到海马体认知地图：从认知/PDP革命的环形座位的个人观点。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Hippocampus Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23662

Patricia E. Sharp

{"title":"From British Associationism to the Hippocampal Cognitive Map: A Personal View From a Ringside Seat at the Cognitive/PDP Revolution","authors":"Patricia E. Sharp","doi":"10.1002/hipo.23662","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hipo.23662","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mandate for this special issue of Hippocampus was to provide a few examples of one's own work in a relatively personal context. Accordingly, I will discuss some of my own work here, but will also provide a broader arc of ideas and discoveries within which the efforts of myself and many others have taken place. This history begins with the associationists, who proposed that the human mind could be understood, in part, as a compounding of simple associations between contiguously occurring items and events. This idea was taken up by the behaviorist traditions, which made significant progress toward refining this simple idea. Subsequently, as interest turned toward neural mechanisms, Donald Hebb provided a foundational proposal for how synaptic changes could provide for this associative learning. The associationist view was, however, challenged by gestaltists who took a more wholistic, cognitive approach. Stunning support was provided for Tolman's cognitive map idea with the discovery of place cells in the hippocampus, and the subsequent treatise provided in O'Keefe and Nadel's <i>The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map</i>. I propose that, ultimately, this associationist versus cognitive debate was settled by the development of the Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP) approach, which incorporated Hebbian synapses into large, neural-like networks, which could accomplish complex cognitive tasks. My own work took place within the framework provided by O'Keefe and Nadel. One aspect of my work followed Jim Ranck's discovery of Head Direction cells. Tad Blair and others in my lab traced a brainstem circuit, which we proposed could explain the origins of the directional code. In other work, I investigated cells in the subicular region. These provided a contrast to the hippocampal place cells in that each subicular cell kept the same spatial pattern across different environments, whereas the hippocampal cells formed a different map for each context.</p>","PeriodicalId":13171,"journal":{"name":"Hippocampus","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Field EPSPs of Dentate Gyrus Granule Cells Studied by Selective Optogenetic Activation of Hilar Mossy Cells in Hippocampal Slices 海马门门苔藓细胞的选择性光遗传激活研究齿状回颗粒细胞的场EPSPs。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Hippocampus Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23652

Hannah L. Bernstein, Yi-Ling Lu, Justin J. Botterill, Áine M. Duffy, John J. LaFrancois, Helen E. Scharfman

{"title":"Field EPSPs of Dentate Gyrus Granule Cells Studied by Selective Optogenetic Activation of Hilar Mossy Cells in Hippocampal Slices","authors":"Hannah L. Bernstein, Yi-Ling Lu, Justin J. Botterill, Áine M. Duffy, John J. LaFrancois, Helen E. Scharfman","doi":"10.1002/hipo.23652","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hipo.23652","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Glutamatergic dentate gyrus (DG) mossy cells (MCs) innervate the primary DG cell type, granule cells (GCs). Numerous MC synapses are on GC proximal dendrites in the inner molecular layer (IML). However, field recordings of the GC excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSPs) have not been used to study this pathway selectively. Here we describe methods to selectively activate MC axons in the IML using mice with Cre recombinase expressed in MCs. Slices were made after injecting adeno-associated virus (AAV) encoding channelrhodopsin (ChR2) in the DG. In these slices, we show that fEPSPs could be recorded reliably in the IML in response to optogenetic stimulation of MC axons. Furthermore, fEPSPs were widespread across the septotemporal axis. However, fEPSPs were relatively weak because they were small in amplitude and did not elicit a significant population spike in GCs. They also showed little paired pulse facilitation. We confirmed the extracellular findings with patch clamp recordings of GCs despite different recording chambers and other differences in methods. Together the results provide a simple method for studying MC activation of GCs and add to the evidence that this input is normally weak but widespread across the GC population.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13171,"journal":{"name":"Hippocampus","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Memory Development, Configurations, Conjunctions, and the Hippocampal Index 记忆发展，结构，连接和海马体指数。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Hippocampus Pub Date : 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23658

Jerry W. Rudy

{"title":"Memory Development, Configurations, Conjunctions, and the Hippocampal Index","authors":"Jerry W. Rudy","doi":"10.1002/hipo.23658","DOIUrl":"10.1002/hipo.23658","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>When I began my career, I had no idea that much of it would center around the hippocampus. Here I discuss some of the history of how this happened. I briefly mention my early undergraduate life and the problems it posed for getting into graduate school. I describe the unique circumstances that led me to Allan Wagner's laboratory and changed my career trajectory. My path to the hippocampus began with a decision to study memory development. This led to a collaboration with Rob Sutherland that produced the configural theory of the hippocampus. The idea was that the hippocampus facilitated the construction of representations of the co-occurring stimulus elements currently experienced by the organism. Thus, if two elements, A and B, occurred together, a representation, AB, could be constructed that could be discriminated from its elements, A and B. This idea was partially correct, but we missed an important property of the hippocampal system that was recognized by O'Keefe and Nadel, 1978 that is, that the hippocampus is an unmotivated, rapid learning system. Randy O'Reilly and I addressed this issue in what we called conjunctive representation theory and put forth a detailed cortical-hippocampus computational theory to explain how this could work I later realized that our ideas were remarkably like Tim Teyler's indexing theory of how the hippocampal system supports memory. At a Park City meeting, a chance encounter with Tim (whom I had never met) resulted in the opportunity to write a paper with Tim updating the indexing theory, It is my favorite theoretical paper.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13171,"journal":{"name":"Hippocampus","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How an Airport Strike in Copenhagen Led to the Discovery of Septohippocampal Disinhibition 哥本哈根机场罢工如何导致中隔海马体去抑制的发现。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Hippocampus Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23654

Tamás F. Freund

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