Histology and histopathology最新文献

{"title":"Testicular cryopreservation: From technical aspects to practical applications.","authors":"Ana Glória Pereira, Tayná Moura Matos, Joana Letícia Cottin de Albuquerque, Andréia Maria da Silva, Alexandre Rodrigues Silva","doi":"10.14670/HH-18-869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-18-869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Testicular cryopreservation has been highlighted as a promising alternative for preserving male fertility and can be applied to restore spermatogenesis in prepubertal individuals or cancer patients, preserve biologically valuable genotypes, and in studies on reproductive physiology or toxicity of various substances. This review presents an analysis of the technical aspects and applications of testicular cryopreservation, examining the contributions of important studies in this area and discussing the different factors that can impact the efficiency of the technique. Testicular fragments can be obtained from living or dead individuals, at any age and reproductive stage, through orchiectomy or biopsy. Among the methods used for processing, slow freezing and vitrification in open or closed systems stand out. However, factors such as species, age, medium used, cryoprotectants, and cryopreservation method can influence the viability of the testis after heating. To obtain sperm, the testes can be cultured <i>in vitro</i> or <i>in vivo</i> and the recovered gametes applied in assisted reproduction techniques. However, in some species, mainly wild animals and humans, this is still a limitation to be overcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"18869"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of amine oxidase-related proteins in breast phyllodes tumor.","authors":"Hye Min Kim, Ja Seung Koo","doi":"10.14670/HH-18-773","DOIUrl":"10.14670/HH-18-773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Bacground: </strong>Breast phyllodes tumors (BPTs) are difficult to differentiate from other tumor types. In-depth research is needed due to the insufficient description of the amine oxidase protein family, particularly in BPTs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the expression and clinical implications of amine oxidase-related proteins in BPTs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Tissue microarrays were constructed (n=181), and amine oxidase-related proteins of monoamine oxidase (MAO) A, MAOB, lysyl oxidase (LOX), and primary-amine oxidase 3 (AOC3) were assessed using immunohistochemical staining. Staining patterns of these proteins were compared and analyzed with clinicopathologic parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all, 149, 27, and 5 cases were classified as benign, borderline, and malignant, respectively. A higher grade of BPT was associated with increased MAOB (<i>P</i><0.001), LOX (<i>P</i>=0.035), and AOC3 (<i>P</i><0.001) expression. BPT cases with tumor recurrence and distant metastasis had higher proportions of MAOB positivity in stromal components (<i>P</i>=0.002 and 0.018, respectively). During follow-up, there was a significant association between MAOB positivity in the stromal component and shorter disease-free survival (DFS) (<i>P</i>=0.001) as well as overall survival (<i>P</i>=0.003). Moreover, MAOB positivity emerged as an independent factor for shorter DFS (hazard ratio: 4.253, 95% confidence interval: 1.034-17.49, <i>P</i>=0.045).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher MAOB, LOX, and AOC3 expression were observed in higher-grade BPTs, and MAOB expression was identified as a significant prognostic factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"39-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141418704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PYCR1 expresses in cancer-associated fibroblasts and accelerates the progression of C6 glioblastoma.","authors":"Mingkun Zhang, Baibin Bi, Guangcun Liu, Xiaoyong Fan","doi":"10.14670/HH-18-762","DOIUrl":"10.14670/HH-18-762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play important roles in tumor microenvironments. Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) is a potential cancer therapy target. This study aimed to explore the expression of PYCR1 in glioma-associated CAFs and analyze the effects of PYCR1 expression in CAFs on the proliferation of C6 glioma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A rat glioma model was induced by injecting C6 cells in the right caudate putamen via a microliter syringe. After 14 days, tumor tissues were collected, and the levels of COL1A1 and PYCR1 were measured by immunohistochemistry. The colocalization of fibroblast activation protein α (FAP) and PYCR1 in tissues was measured by double-immunofluorescence. The CAFs were labeled by FAP and isolated from the tumor tissues using a fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) machine. The isolated CAFs were further separated into CAFs with different PYCR1 expressions using the FACS machine. CAFs with different PYCR1 expressions were respectively cocultured with C6 cells or MUVECs for 48h using a Transwell permeable support. The invasion and proliferation of C6 cells were measured using a Transwell assay and colony formation assay, and the angiogenesis of MUVECs was measured using a Tube formation assay. The expression of COL1A1 and PYCR1 proteins in C6 cells and VEGF-A and EGF proteins in MUVECs was measured by western blotting. PYCR1 silencing in C6 cells was induced by PYCR1 siRNA transfection, the effects of which on the proliferation of C6 cells were measured using a wound healing assay, a Transwell assay, and western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PYCR1 and COL1A1 upregulation co-occurred in the rat glioma, and PYCR1 was expressed in CAFs. The CAF coculture enhanced the invasion and proliferation of C6 cells and the angiogenesis of MUVECs. Meanwhile, the levels of COL1A1 protein in C6 cells, and the levels of VEGF-A and EGF proteins in MUVECs were increased after CAF coculture. Moreover, the effects of CAF coculture were increased with PYCR1 expression in the CAF. Silencing PYCR1 suppressed the migration and invasion of C6 cells, and decreased the levels of COL1A1 and VEGF-A proteins in C6 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PYCR1 is expressed in glioma-associated CAFs, and promotes the proliferation of C6 cells and angiogenesis of MUVECs, suggesting that targeting PYCR1 may be a therapeutic strategy for glioma.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"89-100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141199812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mast cells and wound healing: Still an open question.","authors":"Montserrat Fernández-Guarino, Stefano Bacci","doi":"10.14670/HH-18-757","DOIUrl":"10.14670/HH-18-757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mast cells, which originate from the bone marrow, possess the ability to secrete a diverse array of active molecules. These molecules include mediators (histamine, heparin), which have been identified for decades and are stored in specific granules, as well as small molecules generated instantaneously in response to stimulation (membrane lipid derivatives, nitric oxide), and a multitude of multifunctional cytokines that are secreted constitutively. Activated mast cells participate in the regulation of the local immune response and exert control over critical events of inflammation and healing with the assistance of a vast array of mediators. The involvement of these cell types in inflammatory states suggests that mast cells may function as sentinels that activate local immune processes in response to various types of stimuli and the entry of antigens. Moreover, due to their proximity to nerve fibers and reactivity to a variety of neurotransmitters, mast cells are among the cells that may facilitate local neuroimmune interactions. With this in mind, it is necessary to consider their participation in the repair of injuries in both acute and chronic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"21-30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal ischemic diseases and promising therapeutic molecular targets.","authors":"Deokho Lee, Yohei Tomita, Kazuno Negishi, Toshihide Kurihara","doi":"10.14670/HH-18-756","DOIUrl":"10.14670/HH-18-756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retinal ischemia is a fundamental pathologic condition associated with retinal vascular occlusion, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and other eye diseases. Extensive inflammation, redox imbalance, apoptosis, and abnormal vascular formation in retinal ischemia could lead to visual impairments. Developing or finding effective treatments is urgently needed to protect the eye against retinal ischemia and related damage. To address the demand, we have searched for promising therapeutic molecular targets in the eye (e.g., hypoxia-inducible factor [HIF], peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha [PPARα], and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide [NAD⁺]), and found that modulations of each molecular target might protect the eye against retinal ischemic damage in terms of complex pathologic mechanisms. In the current article, we review and update the therapeutic evidence of modulation of HIF, PPARα, or NAD⁺ and discuss future directions for developing promising drugs based on these molecular targets. This summary urges research to obtain more solid evidence of each molecular target in retinal ischemic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"11-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140911759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NRF3 suppresses the metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer cells by inhibiting ERK activation in a ROS-dependent manner.","authors":"Chenhui Zheng, Yue Pan, Bangyi Lin, Jin Li, Qi Chen, Zhibao Zheng","doi":"10.14670/HH-18-786","DOIUrl":"10.14670/HH-18-786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Our previous study demonstrated that NRF3 (NFE2L3, Nuclear Factor-erythroid 2-related factor 3) could suppress cell metastasis and proliferation in breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying its function in breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present study, NRF3 expression and its clinical characteristics in breast cancer were analyzed using public datasets and clinical specimens. After breast cancer cells were overexpressed NRF3, FACS was used to detect the intracellular ROS levels. The migration and invasion activities of NRF3-ectopic expressed breast cancer cells were determined by transwell assay. To validate the role of ROS/ERK axis in the inhibitory effect of NRF3 in cell metastasis, ROS scavenger NAC was also included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that NRF3 mRNA was highly expressed, while NRF3 protein was extremely lowly expressed in breast cancer tissues compared with their normal counterparts, and low level NRF3 was associated with poorer prognosis in patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). More interestingly, overexpression of NRF3 protein significantly increased cellular ROS production and dramatically decreased p-ERK level and cell migration in TNBC cells. Mechanistically, NRF3 protein was found to be mutually regulated by valosin-containing protein (VCP). Strikingly, VCP-knockdown dramatically increased NRF3 protein expression, but NRF3-knockin also decreased VCP expression in return. Moreover, antioxidant NAC treatment effectively increased the level of p-ERK and VCP expression, as well as cell migration and invasion abilities of TNBC cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NRF3, a tumor suppressor downregulated by VCP, could attenuate cell metastasis in TNBC cells by increasing cellular ROS accumulation and subsequently inhibiting the ERK phosphorylation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"123-131"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141616287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micronodular thymic epithelial tumors with lymphoid hyperplasia and mimicking lesions.","authors":"Vincent Thomas-de-Montpréville, Lara Chalabreysse, Véronique Hofman, Anne de-Muret, Damien Sizaret, Romain Dubois, Nicolas Piton, Audrey Mansuet-Lupo, Thierry J Molina","doi":"10.14670/HH-18-755","DOIUrl":"10.14670/HH-18-755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Micronodular arrangement of epithelial cells and lymphoid B-cell hyperplasia with follicles are both peculiar histological features in thymic tissue. Such features may especially occur in thymic epithelial tumors. The most common form is called micronodular thymoma with lymphoid stroma. We have recently described some characteristics of thymic micronodular carcinoma with lymphoid hyperplasia, highlighting how this carcinomatous counterpart should not be misdiagnosed as a thymoma. In this review, we discuss these two entities but also other mimics, which may occur in the anterior mediastinum. These mimics include various types of cellular micronodules and lymphoid backgrounds encompassing a wide range of mediastinal lesions. Non-neoplastic lesions, such as thymic nodular epithelial hyperplasia, thymic lymphoid hyperplasia, or sarcoidosis, as well as tumors of very varying aggressiveness, such as micronodular thymic epithelial tumors, low-grade lymphoma, seminoma, or lymphoepithelial carcinoma, are discussed. We show how these lesions may be misleading and we describe how a correct diagnostic may be obtained in current practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140898140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"p27^Kip1 and cytoplasmic pSer10p27 are promising biomarkers for predicting prognosis and chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer.","authors":"Mengna Zhu, Si Sun, Lin Huang, Lingling Gao, Mengqing Chen, Jing Cai, Zehua Wang, Minggang Peng","doi":"10.14670/HH-18-761","DOIUrl":"10.14670/HH-18-761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The biological function of p27^Kip1 largely depends on its subcellular localization and phosphorylation status. Different subcellular localizations and phosphorylation statuses of p27^Kip1 may represent distinct clinical values, which are unclear in ovarian cancer. This study aimed to elucidate different subcellular localizations of p27^Kip1 and pSer10p27 in predicting prognosis and chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Meta-analyses were executed to evaluate the association of p27^Kip1 and phosphorylated p27^Kip1 with the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. The expression levels and patterns of p27^Kip1 and pSer10p27 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The correlations between different p27^Kip1 states, clinicopathological features, and prognosis were analyzed. p27^Kip1 and pSer10p27 expression levels in cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines were detected using WB. KEGG analysis and WB were performed to evaluate the pathways in which p27^Kip1 was involved.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Meta-analyses showed that p27^Kip1 was associated with significantly better overall survival (OS) in ovarian cancer (HR=2.14; 95% CI [1.71-2.68]) and pSer10p27 was associated with significantly poor OS in mixed solid tumors (HR=2.56; 95% CI [1.76-3.73]). In our cohort of ovarian cancer patients, low total p27^Kip1 remained independent risk factors of OS (HR=2.097; 95% CI [1.121-3.922], <i>P</i>=0.021) and PFS (HR=2.483; 95% CI [1.364-4.518], <i>P</i>=0.003), while low cytoplasmic pSer10p27 had independent protective effects in terms of OS (HR=0.472; 95% CI [0.248-0.898], <i>P</i>=0.022) and PFS (HR=0.488; 95% CI [0.261-0.910], <i>P</i>=0.024). Patients with low total p27^Kip1/pSer10p27 and low nuclear p27^Kip1 had worse chemotherapy responses, while patients with low cytoplasmic pSer10p27 expression had better chemotherapy responses. The protein levels of p27^Kip1 and pSer10p27 were significantly reduced in the cisplatin-resistant cell lines SKOV3-cDDP and A2780-cDDP, and the level of p27^Kip1/pSer10p27 was subjective to Akt activation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study demonstrates that p27^Kip1 and cytoplasmic pSer10p27 are promising biomarkers for predicting prognosis and chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"73-87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141178550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of low angiomotin-p130 and high YAP1 nuclear expression with adverse prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer.","authors":"Junna Cai, Xiaorui Han, Meng Li, Xiaoli Liu, Fengying Zhang, Xiaohua Wu","doi":"10.14670/HH-18-758","DOIUrl":"10.14670/HH-18-758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of our study was to examine the association of Angiomotin (Amot-p130) and Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) expressions and their prognostic significance in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 100 primary EOC samples were obtained for immunohistochemical analysis of Amot-p130 and YAP1 expressions. Correlation analysis was performed between Amot-p130 or YAP1 and clinical factors. The overall survival time was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Low Amot-p130 and high YAP1 nuclear expression were identified in 34 and 56 of 100 EOC tissues, respectively. Both low Amot-p130 and high YAP1 nuclear expression were associated with advanced tumor stage, high-grade carcinoma, and non-response to chemotherapy (<i>p</i><0.05). They were also associated with shorter overall survival time (<i>p</i><0.05) by log-rank test. A marker of low Amot-p130 and high YAP1 expression was associated with high-grade ovarian carcinoma, late-stage disease, non-response to chemotherapy, and shorter overall survival time (<i>p</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Low Amot-p130 and high YAP1 nuclear expression can provide additional prognostic information for patients with EOC. A marker of low Amot-p130 and high YAP1 expression may be a potent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"57-65"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141086165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathological aspects of usual interstitial pneumonia in patients with systemic connective tissue diseases.","authors":"Mária Makovická, Barbora Durcová, Adela Vrbenská, Peter Makovický, Patricie Michalčová, Klaudia Kráľová, Jozef Muri","doi":"10.14670/HH-18-777","DOIUrl":"10.14670/HH-18-777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Five cases of patients with systemic connective tissue diseases (CTD) who developed connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) with progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) are reported here. Unspecified ILD was diagnosed using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Histologically, all cases were usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) with findings of advanced (3/5) to diffuse (2/5) fibrosis, with a partially (4/5) to completely (1/5) formed image of a honeycomb lung. The fibrosis itself spread subpleurally and periseptally to more central parts (2/5) of the lung, around the alveolar ducts (2/5), or even without predisposition (1/5). Simultaneously, there was architectural reconstruction based on the mutual fusion of fibrosis without compression of the surrounding lung parenchyma (1/5), or with its compression (4/5). The whole process was accompanied by multifocal (1/5), dispersed (2/5), or organized inflammation in aggregates and lymphoid follicles (2/5). As a result of continuous fibroproduction and maturation of the connective tissue, the alveolar septa thickened, delimiting groups of alveoli that merged into air bullae. Few indistinctly visible (2/5), few clearly visible (1/5), multiple indistinctly visible (1/5), and multiple clearly visible (1/5) fibroblastic foci were present. Among the concomitant changes, areas of emphysema, bronchioloectasia, and bronchiectasis, as well as bronchial and vessel wall hypertrophy, and mucostasis in the alveoli and edema were observed. The differences in the histological appearance of usual interstitial pneumonia associated with systemic connective tissue diseases (CTD-UIP) versus the pattern associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF-UIP) are discussed here. The main differences lie in spreading lung fibrosis, architectural lung remodeling, fibroblastic foci, and inflammatory infiltrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141456386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}