Histology and histopathology最新文献

{"title":"The retina: Considerations regarding cell diversity, structure, and mouse modelling in neurodegeneration.","authors":"Jorge Navarro-Calvo, Gema Esquiva, Ana I Arroba, Violeta Gómez-Vicente, Luis M Valor","doi":"10.14670/HH-25-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-25-149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Degeneration of the retina is of extreme importance, as conditions such as retinitis can cause blindness. In addition, the retina can be considered a window into the central nervous system and is garnering increasing interest in the clinical management of neurodegeneration, as it allows fast, accessible and non-invasive monitoring of patients with diverse neurodegenerative conditions. Importantly, this tissue has the potential not only to share but sometimes to precede most of the etiopathogenic mechanisms that occur in inaccessible inner brain areas. In this review, we provide an overview of retinal architecture and function, combined with novel findings in single-cell transcriptomics that support the ample cellular heterogeneity across layers. Because mice are the most popular models for neurodegeneration research, it is important to understand precisely the similarities and differences with humans to enable a precise translation of the discoveries made in mice to patients. Finally, we extend these considerations to neuroinflammatory and autoimmune mouse models, highlighting how common degenerative mechanisms support the role of the retina as an accessible proxy for brain disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"25149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149108428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposal of a new diagnostic algorithm for Helicobacter pylori in histopathology: Hematoxylin-eosin and alkaline blue stain.","authors":"Gian Carlos Ramirez Ubillus, Mercedes Bravo Taxa, Renier Cruz Baca, Giancarlo Grandez Hidalgo, Dayana Manzo Pretel","doi":"10.14670/HH-25-148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-25-148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the diagnostic capacity and interobserver agreement of a new diagnostic algorithm for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> in histopathology compared with the current gold standard.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study analyzed 92 paraffin blocks from gastric biopsies obtained from the Taxa Oncology Laboratory in Lima, Peru. Each block underwent three new sections, and Warthin-Starry staining, immunohistochemistry, and alkaline blue stain were applied. The results obtained by two experts and those from the conventional hematoxylin and eosin method were then grouped into two diagnostic algorithms and subsequently compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As main results, the interobserver agreements of the new algorithm and the conventional method were K=0.90 (strong agreement) and K=0.85 (strong agreement), respectively. With adjusted Kappa, it was better for the new algorithm (K=0.91, almost perfect agreement) in comparison with the conventional one (K=0.87, strong agreement). Also, all diagnostic capacity statistics for the new algorithm compared with the conventional one (reference) were very high (sensitivity=93.5% and predictive positive value=90.3%), highlighting the specificity and predictive negative value (95.2% and 96.7%, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This proposed new diagnostic algorithm presented optimal statistical reliability, in addition to being faster, less toxic, and easier to implement than the conventional one, which suggests it has great potential for application in pathology laboratories, especially for those who cannot afford reference methods, such as immunohistochemistry or Warthin-Starry.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"25148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149108480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological significance of MPO, ER, and PR in endometrial polyps of premenopausal women.","authors":"Xiaoyan Xu, Jianmei Yang, Qianqian Hu, Li Zhao, Yufeng Zhang, Yuxuan Yan","doi":"10.14670/HH-25-147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-25-147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endometrial polyps (EP) can lead to irregular bleeding and infertility in women. The identification of biomarkers associated with EP holds clinical importance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who visited the hospital due to abnormal uterine bleeding, endometrial thickening, abnormal menstruation, lower abdominal pain, infertility, or repeated miscarriages were included. Thirty-four patients were diagnosed with EP; 32 patients with no previous history of EP and negative histological results were taken as the control. The expression levels of MPO, ER, PR, MMP2, MMP9, PCNA, and COX2 in the two groups were assessed by immunohistochemistry and western blot. The relationships between MPO, ER, and PR, and clinicopathological characteristics, inflammation, hormones, and glycolipid metabolism of EP patients, were also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression of MPO, ER, MMP2, MMP9, PCNA, and COX2 in the EP group was markedly increased, while that of PR was markedly reduced. In EP tissues, MPO had a positive correlation with ER and a negative correlation with PR. Increased MPO expression was associated with abnormal uterine bleeding, polyp size exceeding 1 cm, endometrial proliferation stage, and higher VAS pain score. Increased ER expression was associated with multiple polyps and larger polyp size. Reduced PR expression was associated with multiple polyps and endometrial secretory phase. In addition, increased MPO expression was associated with increased levels of CRP and PLR and reduced hemoglobin levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MPO and ER in EP are significantly upregulated, while PR is significantly downregulated. Increased MPO expression is associated with elevated inflammatory markers and reduced hemoglobin levels, while ER/PR imbalance is related to multiple polyps and polyp size.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"25147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149108086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peptidoglycan recognition proteins in the brain: Role in neuroinflammation and behavioral consequences.","authors":"Kyoungho Suk, Won-Ha Lee","doi":"10.14670/HH-25-064","DOIUrl":"10.14670/HH-25-064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) constitute an evolutionarily conserved family of pattern recognition molecules that detect bacterial peptidoglycan. While their antimicrobial functions have been well characterized in peripheral immunity, recent discoveries have unveiled critical roles for PGRPs in central nervous system inflammation and behavior. Among the four mammalian PGRP family members, PGLYRP1 exhibits unique expression in brain microglia and demonstrates potent pro-inflammatory properties in neurological contexts. Recently, PGLYRP1 has been shown to function as a key amplifier of neuroinflammation through a novel TREM1-Syk-Erk1/2-Stat3 signaling axis, establishing a positive feedback loop with TNF-α that perpetuates microglial activation. This review synthesizes current understanding of PGRP biology in the nervous system, with particular emphasis on molecular mechanisms of PGLYRP1, cellular sources, and behavioral consequences. We examine the structural basis of peptidoglycan recognition, cell-type-specific expression patterns, signaling pathways, and integration with other innate immune systems. Furthermore, we explore emerging connections between gut microbiome-derived peptidoglycan, blood-brain barrier penetration, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Critical knowledge gaps remain regarding physiological versus pathological roles of PGLYRP1, therapeutic targeting strategies, and translational potential. Understanding PGLYRP1-mediated neuroinflammation provides novel mechanistic insights into microbiome-brain communication and offers promising therapeutic avenues for neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1623-1634"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147498523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient sampling of liver tissue for histological analysis of rodent MASLD/MASH models.","authors":"Jenny Norlin, Sara T Hjuler, Kasper Almholt, Rikke K Kirk, Henning Hvid","doi":"10.14670/HH-25-087","DOIUrl":"10.14670/HH-25-087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mouse and rat models of MASLD/MASH can provide valuable information about the effects of potential new treatments on liver histopathology. Liver samples for histology must therefore be representative of the entire organ, but it is also important that they can be collected efficiently. In rodent toxicity studies, it is recommended to collect samples for histopathology from the left lateral liver lobe (LLL), the right medial lobe (RML), and the caudate lobe (CL). Samples collected from multiple lobes provide a representative overview of the entire liver, but at the same time, increase the workload in the histology laboratory. The aim of the present study was to explore whether the number of histology samples per animal could be reduced and still provide the same information about treatment effects on quantitative histology endpoints. This was examined in different mouse and rat MASH models, where fibrosis (marker: picrosirius red), stellate-cell activation (marker: smooth muscle actin), and inflammation (marker: CD45) were quantified by image analysis of the three recommended liver lobes. Results determined in a single lobe, as well as combined analysis of the LLL and RML, revealed the same relative treatment effects as analysis of all three lobes combined. Results from single lobes tended to have slightly higher variation than results based on the analysis of three lobes, with the CL being the most variable. In conclusion, sampling of the LLL and/or the RML provides information about treatment effects comparable to sampling of three lobes and allows for efficient processing of histology samples in the laboratory.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1669-1680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147837265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing urethral health research: Characterization of a male porcine urethra for lower urinary tract investigations.","authors":"Makhara S Ung, Laura A Smith Callahan","doi":"10.14670/HH-25-026","DOIUrl":"10.14670/HH-25-026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Left untreated, life threatening urinary tract conditions such as urinary retention and overactive bladder syndrome affect a significant portion of the world's population. To alleviate these conditions, medical devices are introduced to patient care plans. Understanding medical device interactions with the urethra is necessary for innovation and improved urethral health in users. Human models are important for mapping these interactions, but viable tissue samples can be expensive, scarce and difficult to obtain. Animal models have become an alternate approach to human models. However, selecting the appropriate animal model for comparison can vary depending on the methods utilized. Due to their similarities to human, porcine models are emerging for lower urinary tract studies. To achieve various testing modalities of tissue, preparation may differ into native or opened tissue. This study looks at the effects of preparing tissue in a native or opened fashion and provides additional data justifying a male porcine model in lieu of humans using scanning electron microscopy, standard histological microscopy, and immunohistochemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1661-1668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145810093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting roles of PD-L1 expression in tumor and stroma: Biological and prognostic implications in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Eisuke Booka, Tomohiro Murakami, Hiroya Takeuchi","doi":"10.14670/HH-25-063","DOIUrl":"10.14670/HH-25-063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) plays a central role in immune regulation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and has been widely used as a biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. However, the biological and clinical significance of PD-L1 expression remains controversial, partly due to its marked spatial heterogeneity and dynamic regulation within the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). In particular, conventional assessment methods do not sufficiently distinguish between PD-L1 expression in tumor cells and that in the surrounding stromal compartment. Accumulating evidence indicates that tumoral and stromal PD-L1 expression reflect distinct biological processes and may have contrasting prognostic and therapeutic implications. Tumoral PD-L1 expression often represents adaptive immune resistance induced by cytotoxic T-cell-derived cytokines and may serve as a surrogate marker of an immune-active tumor. In contrast, stromal PD-L1 expression integrates signals from immune cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and other non-neoplastic components, frequently reflecting an immune-enriched microenvironment associated with restrained tumor progression and sustained chemotherapy efficacy. Recent advances in digital pathology and artificial intelligence-assisted image analysis have enabled quantitative, compartment-specific evaluation of PD-L1 expression across whole-slide images, providing new insights into its spatial distribution and clinical relevance. These approaches facilitate refined interpretation beyond binary scoring systems such as the combined positive score or tumor proportion score. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the regulation and pathological assessment of PD-L1 in ESCC, with particular emphasis on its compartment-specific roles in tumor cells and the stroma. By integrating biological mechanisms, methodological advances, and clinical implications, we propose a conceptual framework for spatially resolved PD-L1 evaluation that may improve prognostic stratification and support more personalized treatment strategies in ESCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1613-1622"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147485649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tanshinone IIA alleviates inflammation and apoptosis in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating the MALT1/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling axis.","authors":"Huimin Yu, Yili Li, Yuehong Yang, Yanjin Qian, Min Yang, Yixun Yang, Hongping Sheng, Xiaoyu Zhang, Yaping Pu, Yan Qian","doi":"10.14670/HH-25-062","DOIUrl":"10.14670/HH-25-062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a bioactive compound from <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i>, protects cardiomyocytes against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study aims to elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We established a myocardial I/R injury model in rats by coronary artery ligation and created a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cell model for experimental investigation. The expression levels of relevant genes and proteins were assessed using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot. Cellular viability and myocardial tissue damage were evaluated through cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, biochemical test kits, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study demonstrated that Tan IIA treatment significantly reduced serum levels of cardiac troponin T (cTnT), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in rats with myocardial I/R injury. It also suppressed the expression of inflammatory factors-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, and IL-6-in myocardial tissue, inhibited apoptosis, diminished myocardial infarct size, and ultimately ameliorated histopathological damage. Meanwhile, in H9C2 cells subjected to H/R injury, Tan IIA treatment enhanced cell viability and attenuated inflammatory response and apoptosis. Mechanistically, Tan IIA downregulated mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1), leading to suppressed expression and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), which subsequently inhibited the activation of the NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3). This cascade alleviated I/R-induced myocardial inflammation and apoptosis, thereby conferring protection against myocardial I/R injury.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tan IIA attenuated I/R-induced myocardial inflammation and apoptosis through the inhibition of the MALT1/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway, ultimately alleviating myocardial I/R injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1695-1707"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147672816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomal miR-143-3p released from cancer cells suppresses cervical cancer progression and promotes ferroptosis through directly targeting KLF5.","authors":"Cunyan Qian, Xia Cai, Lei Shi, Ailing Li, Weiwei You, Dongmei Liu, Yuan Xie","doi":"10.14670/HH-25-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-25-146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cervical cancer is the most prevalent gynecological malignancy. Tumor-derived exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have been increasingly considered important players in cervical cancer; however, the specific function and molecular mechanism of exosomal miR-143-3p in cervical cancer are unclear. MiR-143-3p and Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) expression were detected using CancerMIRNome, UALCAN, RT-qPCR, and immunoblotting. The cargo information of miR-143-3p was obtained in ExoCarta, and cervical cancer cell-derived exosomes were identified and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and immunoblotting. CCK-8 and EDU assays were used to detect cell proliferation, while wound healing and Transwell assays were used to detect cell migration and invasion, respectively. TargetScan and luciferase reporter assays were used to predict and test the interaction between miR-143-3p and KLF5. Assay kits were used to measure glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Tumor growth, metastasis, and cervical damage were detected in cervical cancer-bearing mice. Here, miR-143-3p was lowly expressed in cervical cancer tissues and cells and was highly enriched in cervical cancer-derived exosomes. MiR-143-3p mimic inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion, and induced cell-cycle arrest of cervical cancer cells. MiR-143-3p targeted and downregulated KLF5. KLF5 was overexpressed in cervical cancer, and its silencing suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer cells. Moreover, KLF5 deficiency drove ferroptosis; KLF5 overexpression reversed the impacts of miR-143-3p on tumor growth and metastasis in cervical cancer both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Our work underscored that miR-143-3p, carried and transferred by cervical cancer cell-derived exosomes, plays an anti-oncogenic role in cervical cancer via KLF5.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"25146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149109000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of heat-reinforcing Needling on the PPAR-γ/NF-κB signaling pathway in the synovial membrane of rats with rheumatoid arthritis.","authors":"Hongtao Zhang, Chaozhan Ren, Guangjun Zhang, Xinghua Zhang","doi":"10.14670/HH-25-067","DOIUrl":"10.14670/HH-25-067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study seeks to examine how heat-reinforcing needling (HRN) affects the PPAR-γ/NF-κB signaling pathway in synovial membranes of rats with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups (control, model, rosiglitazone, and HRN groups). RA was induced using bovine type II collagen and Freund's adjuvant in cold and moist conditions. The rats in the rosiglitazone group were given an intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg rosiglitazone, whereas those in the acupuncture group received treatment at the Zusanli acupoint. Following the 14-day intervention, synovial tissue was stained with H&amp;E to examine pathological alterations and blood levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-4. The expressions of PPAR-γ and NF-κB in synovial tissue were determined by Western blot analysis and real-time PCR. The model group exhibited higher fibrous tissue growth and inflammatory cell infiltration in comparison with the control group, but serum IL-4 and PPAR-γ expressions were inhibited (<i>p</i><0.01), and TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and NF-κB expression levels in the serum were elevated (<i>p</i><0.01). In comparison with the model group, the HRN and rosiglitazone groups showed lower serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and NF-κB and higher levels of serum IL-4 and PPAR-γ (<i>p</i><0.05). In the RA cold syndrome model rats, HRN may reduce joint swelling and suppress inflammation of the synovial membrane, possibly via controlling the PPAR-γ/NF-κB signaling pathway. This method could provide a fresh therapeutic approach to RA symptom management.</p>","PeriodicalId":13164,"journal":{"name":"Histology and histopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1709-1717"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147511744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}